Seeding mechanism of seeding and fertilizing machine

Abstract

A seeding mechanism of a seeding and fertilizing machine belongs to the technical field of agricultural seeding machinery and comprises a follow-up part, a feeding part, a screening part, a support part, a ditching seeder and a flat land seeding covering device. The feeding part is installed on the follow-up part, the screening part is installed below the feeding part, the support parts are installed on the two sides of the screening part, and the ditching seeder and the land-leveling seeding covering device are installed below the support parts as required. The follow-up part comprises a pair of rollers, a main shaft, a spiral and pins, the rollers are connected through the main shaft, the pins are arranged at the two ends of the main shaft, and the rollers and the main shaft are connected through the pins. The feeding part comprises a fertilization box, a seed box and a splitter plate, the fertilization box is arranged on the rear side of the feeding part, and the seed box is arranged on the front half part of the feeding part. The bottom of the feeding part is provided with a lap joint sheet for connecting a power source. The screening part comprises a rotating shaft, screening wheels, a seed protector, a spring, a gear, a fixing plate, a handle and a mounting ring, the rotating shaft is mounted at the bottom of the seed box, and the screening wheels are uniformly mounted on the rotating shaft in an array manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural seeding machinery technology, and in particular relates to a seeding mechanism of a seeding and fertilizing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Seeders are widely used in agricultural production. The most crucial component of a seeder's overall structure is the seed sorting mechanism, which needs to continuously and stably output seeds at predetermined intervals during the seeder's movement. Furthermore, it needs to consistently output a certain number of seeds based on the specific characteristics of the sowing process. These functions are already standard practice in large, fully automatic seeders, and various technical solutions are readily available. However, for small and medium-sized agricultural seeders, achieving these functions often requires significant additional costs. Therefore, providing an efficient sowing mechanism while keeping costs under control is particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a sowing mechanism for a seeding and fertilizing machine to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] The technical problem solved by this utility model is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0005] A seeding mechanism for a seeding and fertilizing machine includes a follower unit, a feeding unit, a screening unit, a support unit, a furrow seeder, and a flatbed seeder with soil covering. The feeding unit is mounted on the follower unit, the screening unit is mounted below the feeding unit, the support unit is mounted on both sides of the screening unit, and the furrow seeder and flatbed seeder with soil covering are mounted below the support unit as needed.

[0006] The follower part includes rollers, a main shaft, a screw, a pin, and a tail pin. There are two rollers connected by the main shaft. A pin is installed at one end of the main shaft, and the pin passes through the axis of the main shaft and the roller, so that the main shaft and the roller rotate together. A tail pin is installed at the other end of the main shaft, and the tail pin limits the roller on that side to the main shaft.

[0007] The screening section includes a rotating shaft, screening rollers, seed protectors, springs, gears, a fixed plate, a handle, and a mounting ring. The rotating shaft is installed at the bottom of the seed box, and multiple screening rollers are evenly arranged on the rotating shaft. The screening rollers receive seeds from the seed box. Seed protectors are installed on the outside of the screening rollers to guide the seeds on the screening rollers. A spring is installed at one end of the rotating shaft, and a gear is installed on the outside of the spring. The gear cooperates with the fixed plate to realize the transmission of the rotating shaft. A handle is installed on the side wall of the feeding section. The handle controls the engagement or disengagement of the gear and the fixed plate. A mounting ring is installed on the inside of the roller. The mounting ring drives the gear as the roller rotates, intermittently driving the gear to rotate, thereby realizing the intermittent downward conveying of seeds by the screening roller.

[0008] The sieve wheel has evenly distributed circular grooves around its circumference. Seeds fall into these grooves and are conveyed downwards as the sieve wheel rotates. The seed protector has a mounting bracket at the top, connected to the bottom of the seed box. Below the bracket is a wrapping strap with a bottom hole. When seeds in the sieve wheel's grooves reach the bottom hole, they are conveyed downwards through it. The gear's outer end face has a pair of drive bosses, and the inner wall of the fixing plate has a pair of matching grooves. When the drive bosses engage with the grooves in the fixing plate, the gear drives the shaft to rotate via the fixing plate. A separating rod extends downwards from the middle of the handle, located between the fixing plate and the gear. The inner end face of the fixing plate has a wedge-shaped inclined boss. When the handle is pulled downwards, the separating rod engages between the fixing plate and the gear, pushing the gear backwards. The drive bosses disengage from the fixing plate, and the gear no longer drives the shaft. This is useful in situations where the seeder needs to be moved but planting needs to be stopped, such as turning around or changing work locations. The mounting ring has evenly distributed clips around its circumference. As the mounting ring rotates with the roller, the clips intermittently actuate the gears, causing them to rotate. This rotation of the gears drives the entire screening section to rotate via a shaft, and the screening wheel rotates one tooth pitch, completing one seed conveying cycle. The support section includes an overlapping plate, a connecting plate, and a pressing plate. The overlapping plate is welded to the seed protector, and the bottom of the overlapping plate has a connecting plate. The front of the connecting plate has a pressing plate, which presses together the working parts at the bottom of the mounting. Of course, there is one pair of support sections; the other set is located at the rear, and the rear support section is welded to the bottom of the feeding section.

[0009] Furthermore, a bushing is inserted into the circular groove as needed. The bushing adjusts the effective diameter of the circular groove, thereby adjusting the number of seeds falling into the circular groove, which achieves the delivery of a predetermined number of seeds as needed.

[0010] Furthermore, the main shaft has a spiral in the middle, which combs and pre-screens the seeds during rotation.

[0011] Furthermore, diversion plates are placed at intervals inside the seed box. The diversion plates divide and guide the seed box, so that the seeds in the seed box flow accurately into the screening wheel of the screening section for sorting and screening.

[0012] Furthermore, several limiting pins are installed on the rotating shaft. The limiting pins limit the screening wheel on the rotating shaft and ensure that the screening wheel rotates together with the rotating shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, hanging ears are evenly distributed on the rotating shaft, which hang the screening section on the bottom of the feeding section.

[0014] Furthermore, the end of the shaft has a threaded hole, and the fixing plate is installed in the threaded hole by screws.

[0015] Furthermore, the working components are either a furrow seeder or a leveling seeder with soil covering. The furrow seeder is used to create deep furrows and sow seeds, while the leveling seeder with soil covering is used to create shallow furrows, sow seeds, and then cover them with soil. Appropriate working components are selected according to the sowing needs and installed at required intervals at the bottom of the support unit, allowing sowing to be achieved along with the movement of the seeder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] This invention is used for agricultural sowing operations and features a three-stage seed sieving function. The first stage involves preliminary sieving via partitions, the second stage uses a rotating spiral to further sieving the seeds, and the third stage uses a sieving wheel to sieving the seeds again before sowing them in a predetermined quantity. The sowing operation can also be interrupted based on operational status. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is an internal schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of this utility model;

[0022] In the diagram: 10. Follower part, 11. Roller, 12. Main shaft, 13. Spiral, 14. Pin, 15. Tail nail, 20. Feeding part, 21. Fertilizer box, 22. Seed box, 23. Diverter plate, 30. Screening part, 31. Rotating shaft, 311. Limiting pin, 312. Hanging lug, 313. Threaded hole, 32. Screening wheel, 321. Circular groove, 322. Bushing, 33. Seed protector, 331. Card holder, 332. Strap, 333. Bottom hole, 34. Spring, 35. Gear, 351. Transmission boss, 36. Fixing plate, 37. Handle, 371. Separating rod, 38. Mounting ring, 381. Clamp, 40. Support part, 41. Overlapping piece, 42. Connecting plate, 43. Pressing plate, 50. Furrow seeder, 60. Leveling seeder with soil covering. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of this utility model more thorough and complete.

[0024] In this embodiment, the connection of the various components uses welding technology extensively and bolt connection technology to a limited extent. For welding technology, weld seams are not shown in the drawings for the sake of simplicity, which is easily understood by those skilled in the art. For bolt connection parts, connection holes are used to illustrate the connection, and bolts are not shown in the drawings for the sake of simplicity, which is easily understood by those skilled in the art.

[0025] See Figures 1-4 The seeding mechanism of the seeder and fertilizer applicator shown includes a follower unit 10, a feeding unit 20, a screening unit 30, a support unit 40, a furrow seeder 50, and a flatbed seeder with soil covering 60. The feeding unit 20 is mounted on the follower unit 10, the screening unit 30 is mounted below the feeding unit 20, the support unit 40 is mounted on both sides of the screening unit 30, and the furrow seeder 50 and the flatbed seeder with soil covering 60 are mounted below the support unit 40 as needed.

[0026] The follower unit 10 includes rollers 11, a main shaft 12, a screw 13, a pin 14, and a tail pin 15. There are two rollers 11 connected by the main shaft 12. A pin 14 is installed at one end of the main shaft 12, and the pin 14 passes through the axis of the main shaft 12 and the rollers 11, so that the main shaft 12 and the rollers 11 rotate together. A tail pin 15 is installed at the other end of the main shaft 12, and the tail pin 15 limits the roller 11 on the main shaft 12. In this way, one of the two rollers 11 is used to drive the main shaft 12 to rotate, while the other only follows the rotation of the rollers, allowing the seeder to turn. The main shaft 12 has a screw 13 in the middle, and the rotation of the screw 13 plays a role in combing and conveying the seeds at the bottom of the feeding section 20.

[0027] The feeding section 20 includes a fertilizer box 21, a seed box 22, and a diversion plate 23. The fertilizer box 21 is located at the rear of the feeding section 20, and the seed box 22 is located at the front half of the feeding section 20. Diversion plates 23 are placed at intervals inside the seed box 22. The diversion plates 23 divide and guide the seed box 22, so that the seeds in the seed box 22 flow accurately into the screening wheel 32 of the screening section 30 for sorting and screening.

[0028] The bottom of the feeding section 20 has an overlapping piece (not visible in the figure due to the angle) for connecting the power source. This power source can be manually pulled or driven by other forms of dragging power. The power source drives the entire seeder to move horizontally. As the seeder moves horizontally, the roller 11 rotates accordingly, and the main shaft 12 rotates accordingly due to the action of the pin 14.

[0029] The screening section 30 includes a rotating shaft 31, screening wheels 32, seed protectors 33, springs 34, gears 35, a fixing plate 36, a handle 37, and a mounting ring 38. The rotating shaft 31 is installed at the bottom of the seed box 22. Multiple screening wheels 32 are evenly arranged on the rotating shaft 31. The screening wheels 32 receive seeds from the seed box 22. Seed protectors 33 are installed on the outside of the screening wheels 32, and the seed protectors 33 guide the seeds on the screening wheels 32. A spring 34 is installed at one end of the rotating shaft 31, and a gear 35 is installed on the outside of the spring 34. The gear 35 cooperates with the fixing plate 36 to realize the transmission of the rotating shaft 31. A handle 37 is installed on the side wall of the feeding section 20. The handle 37 controls the engagement or disengagement of the gear 35 and the fixing plate 36. The roller 11 has a mounting ring 38 on its inner side. The mounting ring 38 drives the gear 35 as the roller 11 rotates, intermittently driving the gear 35 to rotate, thereby realizing the intermittent downward conveying of seeds by the screening wheels 32.

[0030] A number of limiting pins 311 are installed on the rotating shaft 31. The limiting pins 311 limit the screening wheel 32 on the rotating shaft 31 and ensure that the screening wheel 32 rotates together with the rotating shaft 31. The hanging ears 312 are evenly distributed on the rotating shaft 31. The hanging ears 312 hang the screening part 30 on the bottom of the feeding part 20. The end of the rotating shaft 31 has a threaded hole 313. The fixing plate 36 is installed in the threaded hole 313 by screws.

[0031] The sieve wheel 32 has evenly distributed circular grooves 321 around its circumference. Seeds fall into the circular grooves 321 and are conveyed downwards as the sieve wheel 32 rotates. A bushing 322 is fitted into the circular groove 321 as needed. The bushing 322 adjusts the effective diameter of the circular groove 321, thereby adjusting the number of seeds falling into the circular groove 321, which means that a predetermined number of seeds can be conveyed as needed.

[0032] The seed protector 33 has a card holder 331 on top, which is connected to the bottom of the seed box 22. Below the card holder 331 is a wrapping strap 332, and the bottom of the wrapping strap 332 has a bottom hole 333. When the seeds in the circular groove 321 of the sieve wheel 32 rotate to the bottom hole 333, the seeds are conveyed downward through the bottom hole 33.

[0033] The outer end face of gear 35 has a pair of transmission bosses 351, and the inner side wall of fixing plate 36 has a pair of matching grooves. When the transmission bosses 351 are inserted into the grooves of fixing plate 36, gear 35 can drive shaft 31 to rotate through fixing plate 36. A separation rod 371 extends downward from the middle of handle 37. The separation rod 371 is located between fixing plate 36 and gear 35. The inner end face of fixing plate 36 has a wedge-shaped oblique boss. When handle 37 is pulled downward, separation rod 371 is inserted between fixing plate 36 and gear 35, pushing gear 35 backward. The transmission bosses 351 disengage from fixing plate 36. At this time, gear 35 no longer drives shaft 31 to rotate. This scenario is used when it is necessary to move the seeder but stop sowing, such as turning around or changing the work location.

[0034] The mounting ring 38 has clips 381 evenly distributed around its circumference. As the roller 11 rotates, the clips 381 intermittently actuate the gear 35. The rotation of the gear 35 drives the entire screening section 30 to rotate through the rotating shaft 31. The screening wheel 32 then rotates one tooth pitch, completing one seed conveying cycle.

[0035] Therefore, several kinematic relationships need to be elaborated again. The number of teeth on gear 35 is equal to the number of grooves 321 on screening wheel 32, and they are evenly distributed at the same angle and in the same orientation. This ensures that while gear 35 rotates one tooth pitch, screening wheel 32 rotates one groove 321 interval, completing one seed transport cycle. Furthermore, the number of clips 381 directly affects the plant spacing. The number of times gear 35 rotates in one revolution of roller 11 is equal to the number of clips 381. In other words, the number of equal divisions of the circumference of roller 11 is the number of clips 381, and the spacing obtained from these equal divisions is the plant spacing achieved during sowing.

[0036] The support unit 40 includes an overlapping piece 41, a connecting plate 42, and a pressing plate 43. The overlapping piece 41 is welded to the seed protector 33. The bottom of the overlapping piece 41 has a connecting plate 42, and the front side of the connecting plate 42 has a pressing plate 43. The working parts at the bottom are pressed together between the connecting plate 42 and the pressing plate 43. Of course, there is a pair of support units 40, with another set of support units 40 located at the rear. The rear support unit 40 is welded to the bottom of the feeding unit 20.

[0037] The working components are either a furrow seeder 50 or a leveling seeder with soil covering 60. The furrow seeder 50 is used to create deep furrows and sow seeds, while the leveling seeder with soil covering 60 is used to create shallow furrows, sow seeds, and then cover them with soil. Appropriate working components are selected according to the sowing needs and installed at the required intervals at the bottom of the support unit 40, allowing sowing to be achieved along with the movement of the seeder.

[0038] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: The power source drives the seeder to move, and the roller 11 rolls accordingly. Then, due to the action of the pin 14, the main shaft 12 rotates, and the spiral 13 on the main shaft 12 rotates accordingly. The rotation of the spiral 13 combs the seeds at the bottom of the seed box 22, allowing the seeds to flow smoothly into the circular groove 321 of the sieve wheel 32 in a predetermined combination. The seeds entering the sieve wheel 32 then flow into the working parts at the bottom as the sieve wheel 32 rotates. The roller 11 drives the mounting ring 38 to rotate, and the clip 381 on the mounting ring 38 rotates accordingly. When the clip 381 rotates, it intermittently actuates the gear 35. Normally, under the action of the spring 34, the gear 35 presses against the fixing plate 36 at its end. The transmission boss 351 engages with the groove of the fixing plate 36, so that the rotation of the gear 35 drives the rotating shaft 31 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft 31 drives the sieve wheel 32 to rotate. Simultaneously, the sieve wheel 32 rotates one groove position while the gear 35 rotates one tooth pitch, outputting one seed downwards.

[0039] When it is necessary to pause sowing, press the operating handle 37 down. At this time, the separating rod 371 is inserted into the gap between the fixing plate 36 and the gear 35. The gear 35 moves inward and compresses the spring 34. The transmission boss 351 disengages from the fixing plate 36. At this time, the gear 35 no longer drives the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, and the sieve wheel 32 also stops rotating, thus pausing the output of seeds.

[0040] The choice between the bottom furrow seeder 50 or the flat-ground seeding and covering device 60 can be made flexibly according to the needs. For crops that require deep furrows, the furrow seeder 50 should be used, while for crops that only require shallow furrows, the flat-ground seeding and covering device 60 should be used.

[0041] The above embodiments mainly illustrate the sowing mechanism of the seeding and fertilizing machine of this utility model. Although only a limited number of embodiments and technical features have been described, those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model can be implemented in many other forms without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, the illustrated embodiments are to be regarded as illustrative and not limiting, and this utility model may cover various modifications and substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A seeding mechanism of a seeding and fertilizing machine, comprising a follower portion (10), a feeding portion (20), a screening portion (30), and a support portion (40), characterized in that, The feeding part (20) is installed on the following part (10), the screening part (30) is installed below the feeding part (20), the support part (40) is installed on both sides of the screening part (30), the following part (10) includes the gyro wheel (11), the main shaft (12), the pin (14) and the tail pin (15), the gyro wheel (11) has two, two gyro wheel (11) through the main shaft (12) is connected, the main shaft (12) one end installs pin (14), pin (14) is arranged on the main shaft (12) and the axle of gyro wheel (11), so that the main shaft (12) and gyro wheel (11) rotate together, the main shaft (12) the other end installs tail pin (15), tail pin (15) is limited on the main shaft (12) on this side gyro wheel (11), the feeding part (20) includes the fertilizer box (21), the seed box (22) and the flow divider (23), the rear side of feeding part (20) is fertilizer box (21), the front half of feeding part (20) is seed box (22), the flow divider (23) is placed in the seed box (22) interval, the flow divider (23) separates and guides the flow of seed box (22), the feeding part (20) bottom has the lap joint sheet for connecting power source, the screening part (30) includes the rotating shaft (31), the screening wheel (32), the seed protector (33), the spring (34), the gear (35), the fixed plate (36), the handle (37) and the mounting ring (38), the rotating shaft (31) is installed at the bottom of seed box (22), the rotating shaft (31) is evenly distributed array installation multiple screening wheel (32), screening wheel (32) is accepted from seed box (22) seed, the seed protector (33) is installed outside screening wheel (32), the seed protector (33) is guided on screening wheel (32) seed plays a role, the rotating shaft (31) one end installs spring (34), spring (34) outside installs gear (35), gear (35) is cooperated with fixed plate (36), realizes the transmission of rotating shaft (31), the side wall of feeding part (20) installs handle (37), gyro wheel (11) inside has the mounting ring (38), screening wheel (32) circle evenly distributes circular groove (321), seed falls into circular groove (321) and along with screening wheel (32) rotation finally downward is transported, the seed protector (33) top has the clamping base (331), the clamping base (331) is connected at the bottom of seed box (22), the clamping base (331) below has a circle of band (332), the bottom hole (333) is in the bottom of band (332), the gear (35) outside end face has a pair of transmission boss (351), the inside wall of fixed plate (36) has a pair of recesses matched therewith, the handle (37) middle part extends downward separating rod (371), separating rod (371) is located between fixed plate (36) and gear (35), the end face towards the inside of fixed plate (36) has wedge-shaped inclined boss, the mounting ring (38) is evenly distributed on the circumference clamping (381), the mounting ring (38) rotates along with gyro wheel (11), the clamping (381) intermittent gear (35) rotation, the support part (40) includes the lap joint sheet (41), the connecting plate (42) and the compression plate (43),The lap joint (41) is welded on the seed guard (33), the bottom of the lap joint (41) is provided with a connecting plate (42), the front side of the connecting plate (42) is provided with a pressing plate (43), and the connecting plate (42) and the pressing plate (43) are tightly installed at the bottom of the working part.

2. The seeding mechanism of a seeding-fertilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main shaft (12) has a spiral (13) in the middle, which combs and preliminarily screens the seeds during rotation.

3. The seeding mechanism of a seeding-fertilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed tank (22) is divided by the shunt plates (23) to make the seeds flow into the screening wheels (32) of the screening part (30) accurately, so as to comb and screen the seeds.

4. The seeding mechanism of a seeding and fertilizing machine of claim 1, wherein, The rotating shaft (31) is provided with limiting nails (311) for limiting the screening wheels (32) on the rotating shaft (31) and ensuring that the screening wheels (32) rotate with the rotating shaft (31).

5. The seeding mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The rotating shaft (31) is provided with evenly distributed hanging ears (312) for hanging the screening part (30) on the bottom of the feeding part (20).

6. The seeding mechanism of a seeding and fertilizing machine of claim 1 wherein, The rotating shaft (31) is provided with threaded holes (313) at the ends, and the fixed plates (36) are installed in the threaded holes (313) by screws.

7. The seeding mechanism of a seeding-fertilizing machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The circular groove (321) is provided with a bushing (322) as needed, and the bushing (322) adjusts the effective diameter of the circular groove (321).

8. The seeding mechanism of a seeding and fertilizing machine of claim 1 wherein, The working part is a furrow seeder (50) or a flat ground seeding and covering device (60), the furrow seeder (50) is used for opening a deep furrow and sowing seeds, and the flat ground seeding and covering device (60) is used for opening a shallow furrow, sowing seeds and then completing a covering operation.

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