Drainage three-dimensional net structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a drainage three-dimensional net structure, which belongs to the field of ecological slope protection materials and particularly comprises an upper layer and a lower layer. And the upper layer is a reinforced three-dimensional net and is fixed on the water catchment tank of the lower layer through thermal bonding points. The lower-layer drainage structure comprises a plurality of water catchment grooves which are arranged in parallel, each water catchment groove is provided with a bottom plate and two side baffles, a longitudinal rib is arranged at the center line between every two adjacent water catchment grooves, and a water guide part is arranged on the longitudinal rib and used for connecting the adjacent water catchment grooves, so that smooth circulation of water flow is guaranteed. The water guide part is designed to be in a herringbone shape so as to promote water flow guide. The whole structure also considers plant growth requirements and is provided with pores to support plant growth. And the high-density polypropylene material is adopted for manufacturing, so that the durability and stability of the structure are ensured. According to the utility model, not only is the drainage capacity enhanced, but also the ecological and environment-friendly requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of ecological slope protection materials, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional drainage network structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerated pace of infrastructure construction, highway and railway networks are continuously extending into mountainous areas with complex terrain, creating a large number of soil slopes. These slopes are prone to instability when exposed to heavy rainfall or prolonged periods of precipitation due to rainwater infiltration. Given the rapid pace of construction and the increasing emphasis on environmental protection, cost savings, and ease of construction, the field of slope engineering is gradually emphasizing the adoption of more environmentally friendly and efficient construction strategies.

[0003] Against this backdrop, three-dimensional mesh ecological slope protection technology, as a method that can both stabilize slopes and promote vegetation restoration, is gradually becoming a key trend in the industry. Although this technology has been widely used in slope and foundation pit protection, traditional three-dimensional mesh materials suffer from unsatisfactory drainage performance due to the lack of effective internal drainage design. While these materials can prevent rainwater from directly impacting the slope surface and slow down surface water flow to some extent, they fail to effectively solve the problem of rainwater retention, thus affecting the stability and bearing capacity of the slope structure. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a three-dimensional mesh structure that can effectively promote slope drainage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this utility model embodiment is to provide a three-dimensional drainage network structure to solve the problem of rainwater retention caused by poor drainage performance in the prior art, and to improve the stability and bearing capacity of the slope.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is a three-dimensional drainage mesh structure, including an upper three-dimensional mesh structure and a lower drainage structure; the upper three-dimensional mesh structure includes a reinforced three-dimensional mesh, which is an irregular fiber structure and is fixed to the water collection channel of the lower drainage structure by thermal bonding points;

[0006] The lower drainage structure includes multiple parallel water collection channels. Each water collection channel includes a bottom plate and two side baffles. A longitudinal rib is provided parallel to the water collection channel at the center line between adjacent water collection channels. A water guide is provided on the longitudinal rib to connect adjacent water collection channels.

[0007] Furthermore, the thermal bonding point is located on the top surface of the base plate and the baffle.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-sectional dimensions of the bottom plate of the water collection trough are (30±5) mm in length and (2±0.5) mm in thickness; the thickness of the baffles on both sides of the water collection trough is 3 to 5 times the thickness of the bottom plate cross-section, and the distance between two adjacent water collection troughs is (50±10) mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the structural thickness of the upper three-dimensional mesh structure is (10±3) mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the water guiding part is in a "human" shape, the radius of the "human" shaped bending part of the water guiding part is (25±5) mm, and it is arranged staggeredly every (25±5) mm along the longitudinal rib.

[0011] Furthermore, the overall width of the cross-section of the longitudinal rib is (25±2) mm, and the overall height of the cross-section of the longitudinal rib is the same as the thickness of the two side baffles of the water tank.

[0012] Furthermore, the mass per unit area of the drainage three-dimensional mesh structure ≥750 g / m 2 ; the total thickness of the drainage three-dimensional mesh structure is 21.5±4 mm; the three-dimensional mesh structure thickness of the drainage three-dimensional mesh structure is (10±3) mm; the fiber diameter of the reinforced three-dimensional mesh is (1±0.1) mm.

[0013] Furthermore, upper planting pores are arranged at the pores formed among the upper three-dimensional mesh structure corresponding to the water collecting tank, the water guiding part, and the longitudinal rib; the average pore size of the upper planting pores is 36 - 42 mm 2 .

[0014] Furthermore, the upper three-dimensional mesh structure and the lower drainage structure of the reinforced three-dimensional mesh structure are made of high-density polypropylene material.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: Through its unique structural design, the drainage three-dimensional mesh of the present utility model effectively reduces the direct impact force of raindrops on the slope surface, reduces the splash erosion effect, and guides rainwater to flow along the water guiding part on the longitudinal rib to the water collecting tank and finally drain to the slope foot, thereby significantly reducing the amount of rainwater reaching the slope surface. This process not only weakens the formation of local erosion pits caused by raindrop splashing, but also reduces the increase in the moisture content of the slope surface caused by rainwater infiltration, and reduces the risk of soil aggregate fragmentation and water flow erosion. The three-dimensional mesh made of high-density polypropylene material in the present utility model has good ultraviolet resistance, adapts to long-term outdoor exposure conditions, and at the same time ensures the mechanical strength and durability of the structure. The present utility model optimizes the hydrological process management of the slope, enhances the slope stability, and also performs well in terms of construction efficiency due to its design being convenient for rapid laying and installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the three-dimensional drainage network in this embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper three-dimensional network structure of the drainage three-dimensional network in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lower drainage structure of the three-dimensional drainage network in this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal bonding points of the upper and lower layers of the three-dimensional drainage mesh in this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a detailed diagram of the lower drainage structure of the three-dimensional drainage network in this embodiment.

[0022] In the figure, 1. Upper three-dimensional mesh structure; 11. Reinforced three-dimensional mesh; 12. Upper vegetation pores; 2. Lower drainage structure; 21. Water collection channel; 22. Water guiding part; 23. Base plate; 24. Baffle; 25. Longitudinal rib; 26. Lower vegetation pores; 3. Thermal bonding point. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this embodiment provides a three-dimensional drainage network structure. This three-dimensional drainage network structure is suitable for areas with abundant rainfall, high temperatures, and strong ultraviolet radiation. Under rainfall conditions, it can effectively reduce rainwater erosion energy and manage runoff scour. It not only provides excellent protection against rainwater scour but also significantly enhances the overall effectiveness of the three-dimensional network vegetation slope protection technology, ensuring slope stability and ecological restoration.

[0025] like Figures 1-5 In some specific embodiments, the drainage three-dimensional mesh structure includes an upper three-dimensional mesh structure 1 and a lower drainage structure 2.

[0026] In some possible embodiments, the upper three-dimensional net structure 1 includes a reinforced three-dimensional net 11, and the reinforced three-dimensional net 11 is specifically a three-dimensional irregular filamentous structure refined by a mechanical extrusion process with high-density polypropylene (HDPE) or other high molecular polymers as the main raw material; specifically, the diameter of the filamentous structure of the reinforced three-dimensional net 11 is 0.9 - 1.1 mm; in this embodiment, the irregular fiber structure in the shape of the reinforced three-dimensional net 11 can construct a foam-like matrix, effectively absorbing the kinetic energy generated by the impact of water droplets during rainfall, thereby significantly reducing the direct impact and splashing of rainwater on the slope surface. This characteristic helps to maintain the stability of the slope surface structure and prevent surface damage and potential geological disasters caused by rainwater erosion. This structure exhibits excellent soil and water conservation capabilities in slope protection projects and plays an important role in enhancing the durability and safety of slopes.

[0027] In some possible embodiments, the structural thickness of the upper three-dimensional net structure 1 is 10 ± 3 mm.

[0028] In some possible embodiments, the lower drainage structure 2 is a three-dimensional solid framework formed by thermoplastic molding with high-density polypropylene or other high molecular polymers.

[0029] In some specific embodiments, the lower drainage structure 2 includes water collecting grooves 21, and multiple water collecting grooves 21 are arranged in parallel. A single water collecting groove 21 includes a bottom plate 23 and two side baffles 24 on both sides. The cross-sectional size of the bottom plate 23 is (30 ± 5) mm, the thickness of the cross-section of the bottom plate 23 of a single water collecting groove 21 is (2 ± 0.5) mm, the thickness of the two side baffles 24 of a single water collecting groove 21 is 3 - 5 times the cross-sectional thickness of the bottom plate 23, and the distance between adjacent two water collecting grooves 21 is (50 ± 10) mm.

[0030] In some specific embodiments, longitudinal ribs 25 are arranged in parallel with the water collecting grooves 21 at the midline between adjacent water collecting grooves 21; water guiding parts 22 are provided on the longitudinal ribs 25 to connect adjacent water collecting grooves 21; the water guiding parts 22 are in a "person" shape with a radius of (25 ± 5) mm and are arranged alternately every (25 ± 5) mm along the longitudinal ribs 25; the water flow is converged and directed to the water collecting grooves 21.

[0031] In some specific embodiments, the overall height of the cross-section of the longitudinal ribs 25 is the same as the thickness of the two side baffles 24 of a single water collecting groove 21, and the overall width of the cross-section of the longitudinal ribs 25 is (25 ± 2) mm, providing support for the "person" - shaped water guiding parts 22.

[0032] In some specific embodiments, the reinforced three-dimensional net 11 of the upper three-dimensional net structure 1 is thermally bonded to the lower drainage structure 2, and the thermal bonding points 3 are arranged on the upper surfaces of the bottom plate 23 and the baffles 24.

[0033] In some specific embodiments, the gaps formed between the water collection channel 21, the water guiding part 22 and the longitudinal rib 25 of the lower drainage structure 2 are the lower vegetation gaps 26; the upper three-dimensional mesh structure 1 also has upper vegetation gaps 12 at the corresponding positions of the reinforced three-dimensional mesh 11.

[0034] In some possible implementations, the unit area mass of the drainage three-dimensional mesh structure is determined by the laying density of the reinforced three-dimensional mesh 11, and is not less than 750 g / m2; the total thickness of the drainage three-dimensional mesh structure is 21.5±4 mm; ensuring that the drainage three-dimensional mesh structure has good erosion resistance, flow guidance and drainage capabilities in slope protection.

[0035] In some possible implementations, the average void size of the upper vegetation pores 12 of the drainage three-dimensional mesh structure is 36~42 mm2; ensuring that grass seeds on the slope surface can grow smoothly through the voids of the drainage three-dimensional mesh after germination.

[0036] In some possible implementations, the transverse and longitudinal tensile strength of the drainage three-dimensional mesh is not less than 25 kN / m, the transverse and longitudinal elongation at break is not less than 18%, the peel strength is not less than 0.50 kN / m, and the puncture strength is not less than 260 kN / m, ensuring that the drainage three-dimensional mesh has good mechanical properties.

[0037] In some possible implementations, since the drainage three-dimensional mesh structure will be exposed to the high temperature and strong ultraviolet radiation of the atmosphere for a long time during protection, it is crucial to prevent degradation and achieve long-term protection. The mass change rate and strength change rate reflect the anti-aging performance of the drainage three-dimensional mesh. The mass reduction change rate of the drainage three-dimensional mesh is no more than 2%, and the transverse and longitudinal tensile strength reduction change rate of the drainage three-dimensional mesh is no more than 20%.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, the method for laying the three-dimensional drainage network is as follows:

[0039] S1. Before laying the drainage three-dimensional net, remove weeds, large pieces of loose soil and boulders that threaten construction safety in the slope protection area, including adjusting local accumulations and protrusions to ensure that the drainage three-dimensional net can fit smoothly and closely with the slope.

[0040] S2. When laying the drainage three-dimensional net, cut the drainage three-dimensional net according to the slope length and lay it on the slope surface from top to bottom. Leave a 0.5m gap at the top of the slope and backfill it. The top surface of the slope is reinforced with rivets every 1m. The rivets must be completely drilled into the slope surface and firmly attached to the drainage three-dimensional net. Adjacent drainage three-dimensional nets should be close to each other without gaps and anchored with rivets every 1m from top to bottom. The rivets are arranged in a quincunx pattern. In some places, the rivets are reinforced as needed to prevent displacement between the two drainage three-dimensional nets.

[0041] S3. After the drainage three-dimensional network is laid, check whether there are stones, soil debris or other impurities in the lower drainage frame and clean them up in time.

[0042] In this embodiment, after the drainage three-dimensional mesh is laid on the slope surface, when rainfall occurs, rainwater first impacts the surface layer of the three-dimensional mesh. The upper three-dimensional mesh structure 1 effectively reduces the direct impact force of raindrops on the slope surface, reducing splash erosion. Subsequently, the rainwater flows along the water guides 22 on the longitudinal ribs 25 and is guided to the collection channel 21, eventually flowing to the toe of the slope for discharge. Through its unique structural design, the drainage three-dimensional mesh of this embodiment significantly reduces the amount of rainwater reaching the slope surface. It not only weakens the formation of local erosion pits caused by raindrop splashing but also reduces the increase in slope moisture content caused by rainwater infiltration. This embodiment also effectively reduces the risk of soil aggregate breakage and erosion caused by water flow. Furthermore, the drainage three-dimensional mesh of this embodiment is made of high-density polypropylene material, which has good UV resistance.

[0043] In summary, the three-dimensional drainage network system provided in this embodiment can minimize energy consumption when dealing with rainwater splash, and efficiently collect and guide slope runoff, ensuring the stability and durability of the slope structure, while protecting the slope from the influence of hydrological factors to the greatest extent.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model are included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional drainage network structure, comprising an upper three-dimensional network structure (1) and a lower drainage structure (2); characterized in that, The upper three-dimensional net structure (1) includes a reinforced three-dimensional net (11), and the reinforced three-dimensional net (11) is fixed on the water collecting tank (21) of the lower drainage structure (2) through thermal bonding points (3); The lower drainage structure (2) includes a plurality of water collecting tanks (21) arranged in parallel. The water collecting tank (21) includes a bottom plate (23) and two side baffles (24). A longitudinal rib (25) is arranged parallel to the water collecting tank (21) at the midline between adjacent water collecting tanks (21); A water guiding part (22) is arranged on the longitudinal rib (25) to connect adjacent water collecting tanks (21).

2. The three-dimensional drainage network structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforced three-dimensional net (11) is an irregular fiber structure, and the thermal bonding points (3) are located on the top surfaces of the bottom plate (23) and the baffle (24).

3. The drainage three-dimensional network structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional dimension of the bottom plate (23) of the water collecting tank (21) is 30 ± 5 mm in length and 2 ± 0.5 mm in thickness; The thickness of the two side baffles (24) of the water collecting tank (21) is 3 to 5 times the cross-sectional thickness of the bottom plate (23), and the distance between adjacent two water collecting tanks (21) is 50 ± 10 mm.

4. The three-dimensional drainage network structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural thickness of the upper three-dimensional net structure (1) is 10 ± 3 mm.

5. A three-dimensional drainage network structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water guiding part (22) is in a "human" shape, the radius of the "human" shaped bending part of the water guiding part (22) is 25 ± 5 mm, and it is arranged staggeredly every 25 ± 5 mm along the longitudinal rib (25).

6. A three-dimensional drainage network structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overall width of the cross-section of the longitudinal rib (25) is 25 ± 2 mm, and the overall height of the cross-section of the longitudinal rib (25) is the same as the thickness of the two side baffles (24) of the water tank.

7. A three-dimensional drainage network structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unit area mass of the drainage three-dimensional network structure is ≥750g / m². 2 The total thickness of the drainage three-dimensional mesh structure is 21.5±4mm; the thickness of the three-dimensional mesh structure of the drainage three-dimensional mesh structure is 10±3mm; the fiber diameter of the reinforced three-dimensional mesh (11) is 1±0.1mm.

8. A three-dimensional drainage network structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper three-dimensional mesh structure (1) is provided with upper-layer vegetation pores (12) at the gaps formed between the water collection channel (21), the water guiding part (22), and the longitudinal ribs (25); the average pore size of the upper-layer vegetation pores (12) is 36~42mm. 2 .

9. A three-dimensional drainage network structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper three-dimensional net structure (1) and the lower drainage structure (2) of the reinforced three-dimensional net (11) structure are made of polypropylene.

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