Safety device for well drilling

Abstract

The utility model provides a safety device for well drilling, and relates to the technical field of well drilling safety. Comprising a host, a monitoring module and an alarm module, the signal output end of the monitoring module is in communication connection with the signal receiving end of the host, and the signal output end of the host is in communication connection with the signal receiving end of the alarm module; the monitoring module comprises a pressure transmitter, a density transmitter and a pump pressure sensor. According to the utility model, the monitoring module can be used for respectively monitoring relevant parameters of well drilling safety, the host can be used for analyzing and judging the parameters and displaying results, and the alarm module can be used for alarming abnormal conditions in time; on the basis, the monitoring function of each parameter is integrated, and the host for realizing the display function can be flexibly arranged at a place easy to observe by related operators as required, so that the problem of limitation of the existing monitoring means of the drilling safety related parameters is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of well drilling safety, specifically is a safety device for well drilling. BACKGROUND

[0002] Drilling operation is a high-risk engineering activity, which not only involves complex mechanical equipment operation, but also faces the uncertainty of geological environment and weather environment; therefore, safety maintenance is an important work content when carrying out drilling operation. The specific parameters closely related to the safety of drilling operation are the hook load / suspension load (referred to as suspension load when the drilling tool is in a suspended state, and referred to as hook load when the drilling tool is lowered to contact the drilling bottom surface), the drilling pressure (the pressure of the drilling tool on the drilling bottom surface in the presence of hook load), and the slurry density, and the monitoring means for these parameters in the prior art has the following limitations:

[0003] Firstly, the hook load / suspension load and the drilling pressure can help the operating personnel to master the working parameters in the drilling operation and judge the working state of the drilling tool, thereby affecting the safety of the operation. Currently, a hook load meter is usually used to detect the hook load / suspension load and obtain the drilling pressure, but the operating personnel is prone to problems in obtaining the information displayed by the hook load meter. Specifically, the hook load meter of a mechanical drilling rig is generally installed beside a dead rope fixer on the drilling platform surface in a form directly facing the driller's house. For example, a hook load assembly is disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN220649764U, which includes a dead rope fixer, a hook load sensor, and a hook load meter. The hook load sensor is connected to the dead rope fixer, and the hook load meter is connected to the hook load sensor. However, in this arrangement, the driller has difficulty in seeing the display results of the hook load meter in bad weather such as rain, snow, and fog, which may affect the driller's control effect on the drilling rig, thereby possibly causing construction errors and safety accidents. The hook load meter of an electric drilling rig is usually installed in the driller's house. Although the driller can obtain the display results without being affected by bad weather, the wellhead operator on the drilling platform cannot directly and timely master the hook load and drilling pressure, which may cause blindness and uncertainty in the next operation at the wellhead, thereby causing certain safety risks and even major safety accidents.

[0004] Secondly, in the mud circulation process, the drilling fluid may be modified due to formation brine invasion and oil and gas invasion, which may lead to well wall instability, pipe sticking, and well leakage. The monitoring and analysis of the slurry density can help to find and take corresponding measures in time. Currently, a differential pressure densimeter is usually used to detect the slurry density, i.e., the differential pressure densimeter is installed in the mud tank at the drilling fluid return outlet. However, the differential pressure densimeter is easily affected by the characteristics of the medium. In the complex medium of drilling slurry, the differential pressure densimeter may have measurement lag and inaccurate results.

[0005] Thirdly, separate devices are needed to detect and display the hook load / hanging load and the return slurry density respectively, so that the operation personnel obtain information in a scattered manner, and thus it is inconvenient to perform comprehensive and efficient safety maintenance. In addition, when the mud pump for drilling is started, if the high-pressure valve in the mud manifold (mud circulation pipeline) is not opened or the mud circulation is blocked, high-pressure pump blocking will occur, which may endanger the safety of the equipment and the personnel.

[0006] In summary, the utility model provides a kind of safety device for drilling. Utility model content

[0007] The utility model aims at providing a kind of safety device for drilling to solve the problem of the limitation of the monitoring means of the existing drilling safety related parameters mentioned in the above background art.

[0008] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0009] A kind of safety device for drilling, including host computer, monitoring module and alarm module, the signal output end of monitoring module is connected with the signal receiving end of host computer, the signal receiving end of alarm module is connected with the signal output end of host computer;The monitoring module includes pressure transmitter, density transmitter and pump pressure sensor.

[0010] In the safety device provided by the utility model, each drilling safety related parameter can be monitored by monitoring module, each parameter can be analyzed and judged and result is displayed by host computer, and alarm module can alarm in time for abnormal situation, specifically: the hook load / hanging load and the drilling pressure are measured by pressure transmitter, the return slurry density is measured by density transmitter, and the mud pressure is measured by pump pressure sensor.Based on this, the safety device integrates the monitoring function of each parameter, and the host computer with display function can be flexibly set in place easy for relevant operation personnel to observe according to needs, and there are the advantages of high performance and high accuracy.

[0011] Further, drilling site is provided with drilling dead rope fixer, drilling well control blowout preventer and drilling mud pump, the pressure transmitter is installed in the hydraulic pipeline where the sensor in drilling dead rope fixer is located, the density transmitter is installed on drilling well control blowout preventer, and the pump pressure sensor is installed on the mud pipeline of drilling mud pump.

[0012] Further, the host computer includes host computer shell, main control board and display unit are built-in host computer shell, and the main control board is connected with display unit;Monitoring module interface, alarm module interface and control interface are arranged on the main control board.

[0013] Further, the host shell is further built-in a wireless unit, the wireless unit is in communication connection with the host board, the wireless unit is in communication connection with the cloud platform through the antenna externally provided on the host shell.

[0014] Further, the alarm module comprises an audible and visual alarm.

[0015] Further, an execution module is further included, the execution module comprises an automatic grouting machine, a signal receiving end of the automatic grouting machine is in communication connection with a signal output end of the host.

[0016] Further, an execution module is further included, the execution module comprises a pump stopping executor, a signal receiving end of the pump stopping executor is in communication connection with a signal output end of the host, and the mud pump for drilling is electrically connected to the power supply through the pump stopping executor.

[0017] Further, the pump stopping executor is a relay or an electrically controlled gas valve.

[0018] The utility model realizes beneficial effect is:

[0019] Provide a safety device for drilling, through setting up host computer, monitoring module and alarm module, and setting up monitoring module including pressure transmitter, density transmitter and pump pressure sensor, can realize to each drilling safety related parameter, namely the monitoring, analysis judgment and result display of the weight / overhang, drilling pressure, return mud density and mud pressure, and can alarm in time to abnormal condition. Compared with prior art with limitation, the host computer for realizing display function in the safety device can be flexibly arranged in the place easy for relevant operation personnel to observe, and then it is convenient for relevant operation personnel to obtain information in time and clearly, the monitoring function of each parameter is integrated, and then it is favorable for operation personnel to carry out comprehensive and efficient safety maintenance, the monitoring result has the advantages of high accuracy, and then the reliability of drilling operation safety maintenance work can be improved. ACCURACY

[0020] Figure 1 It is the overall structure setting schematic view of the safety device of the utility model embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the component structure schematic view of the host computer in the safety device of the utility model embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 It is the setting mode schematic view of the pressure transmitter of the utility model embodiment;

[0023] Figure 4 It is the setting mode schematic view of the density transmitter of the utility model embodiment;

[0024] Figure 5It is the setting mode schematic view of the pump pressure sensor of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] In the figure: 1, main machine;2, antenna;3, audible and light alarm;4, pressure transmitter;5, density transmitter;6, pump pressure sensor;7, automatic grouting machine;8, pump stopper;9, main machine shell;10, audible and light alarm interface;11, pressure transmitter interface;12, density transmitter interface;13, pump pressure sensor interface;14, automatic grouting control interface;15, overpressure pump stopper control interface;16, main control board;17, display interface;18, display unit;19, wireless unit;20, dead rope fixer for drilling;21, well control blowout preventer for drilling;22, mud pipeline;23, wireless communication interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] The embodiment provides a safety device for drilling, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , and the structure is as follows:

[0029] It comprises a main machine 1, a monitoring module, an alarm module and an execution module, the signal output end of the monitoring module is communicatively connected with the signal receiving end of the main machine 1, and the signal output end of the main machine 1 is respectively communicatively connected with the signal receiving end of the alarm module and the signal receiving end of the execution module. Among them, the monitoring module comprises a pressure transmitter 4, a density transmitter 5 and a pump pressure sensor 6, the alarm module adopts an audible and light alarm 3, and the execution module comprises an automatic grouting machine 7 and a pump stopper 8. Specifically:

[0030] The drilling site is provided with a dead rope fixer 20 for drilling, a well control blowout preventer 21 for drilling and a mud pump for drilling, wherein: the dead rope fixer 20 for drilling is installed on one side of the drilling rig mast thigh, and the dead rope fixer 20 for drilling comprises a sensor in the composition structure; the well control blowout preventer 21 for drilling is installed below the drilling platform (at the ground wellhead);The mud pump for drilling is installed at the rear of the drilling rig base side. In the embodiment, the pressure transmitter 4 is installed on the tee joint in the hydraulic pipeline through the quick connector, the sensor in the dead rope fixer 20 for drilling;The density transmitter 5 is fixed on both sides of the surface casing below the well control blowout preventer 21 for drilling by buckle method;The pump pressure sensor 6 is installed on the tee joint in the mud pipeline on one side of the high-pressure vertical pipe 22 of the mud pump for drilling through the quick connector;The main machine 1 is installed at the position beside the dead rope fixer 20 for drilling, which is easy for the driller and the wellhead operator to observe;The audible and light alarm 3 is fixedly installed beside the main machine 1.

[0031] The host 1 comprises an explosion-proof host shell 9, a host control board 16, a display unit 18 and a wireless unit 19 are built in the host shell 9, and an explosion-proof antenna 2 is externally arranged on the host shell 9. The host control board 16 is embedded with a 32-bit ARM high-performance single-chip microcomputer and is installed with intelligent algorithm software, the host control board 16 is provided with a display interface 17, a wireless communication interface 23, an audible and visual alarm interface 10, a pressure transmitter interface 11, a density transmitter interface 12, a pump pressure sensor interface 13, an automatic grouting control interface 14 and an overpressure pump stop control interface 15; the display unit 18 comprises a color display screen and is connected with the display interface 17 on the host control board 16 through a seven-wire flat cable; the wireless unit 19 is connected with the wireless communication interface 23 on the host control board 16 through a three-core wire, the antenna 2 is connected with the wireless unit 19 through a radio frequency coaxial cable, and the wireless unit 19 is connected with a cloud platform in communication through the antenna 2; the audible and visual alarm 3 is connected with the audible and visual alarm interface 10 on the host control board 16 through a two-core cable; the pressure transmitter 4 is connected with the pressure transmitter interface 11 on the host control board 16 through a two-wire shielded cable; the density transmitter 5 is connected with the density transmitter interface 12 on the host control board 16 through a three-core shielded cable; the pump pressure sensor 6 is connected with the pump pressure sensor interface 13 on the host control board 16 through a two-wire shielded cable; the automatic grouting machine 7 is connected with the automatic grouting control interface 14 on the host control board 16 through a two-core cable; and the pump stop actuator 8 is a relay and is connected with the overpressure pump stop control interface 15 on the host control board 16 through a two-wire shielded cable.

[0032] The working principle of the above structure is as follows:

[0033] The monitoring module can monitor each drilling safety-related parameter respectively, the host 1 can analyze and judge each parameter and display the result, the alarm module can alarm in time in case of abnormal situation, and the execution module can realize automatic control of certain drilling operation. Specifically:

[0034] The pressure transmitter 4 measures the pressure value on the hydraulic pipeline of the drilling dead rope fixer 20 and converts it into an electric signal form to transmit to the host 1; the density transmitter 5 measures the slurry density value in the surface casing below the drilling well control blowout preventer 21 and converts it into an electric signal form to transmit to the host 1; and the pump pressure sensor 6 measures the slurry pressure value on one side of the high-pressure vertical pipe 22 of the drilling mud pump and converts it into an electric signal form to transmit to the host 1.

[0035] The host 1 performs engineering calculation on the received numerical value, and can obtain parameter values of the hook load / hanging load, the drilling pressure, the return slurry density and the mud pressure respectively, and display the parameter values on the display screen in real time, and can complete data storage and uploading to the cloud platform. The host 1 can determine whether an abnormal condition occurs by further analyzing the parameter values, and timely alarm the abnormal condition; in addition, by generating and outputting a control signal, the automatic grouting machine 7 is controlled to realize automatic grouting, and the overpressure stop pump executor 8 is controlled to realize overpressure stop pump.

[0036] Based on the above structure and principle, in the drilling operation, the specific working process of the embodiment is as follows:

[0037] The tension value borne by the dead rope is converted into a liquid pressure value by the sensor in the drilling dead rope fixing device 20, the pressure transmitter 4 installed on the tee joint in the hydraulic pipeline converts the liquid pressure value into a 4-20mA current value, and transmits the current value to the pressure transmitter interface 11 of the main control board 16 in the host 1 through the two-wire shielded cable; the host 1 runs the built-in intelligent algorithm software, and obtains the tension value borne by the dead rope, i.e. the hook load / hanging load, by A / D conversion and engineering calculation; when drilling, the hook load begins to decrease and the drilling pressure begins to increase, and the amount of decrease of the hook load is equal to the value of increase of the drilling pressure, so the drilling pressure can be obtained.

[0038] The density transmitter 5 installed on the side of the surface casing below the drilling well control blowout preventer 21 measures the return slurry density value, converts it into a 4-20mA current value, and transmits the current value to the density transmitter interface 12 of the main control board 16 in the host 1 through the three-core shielded cable; the host 1 runs the built-in intelligent algorithm software, and obtains the return slurry density by A / D conversion and engineering calculation.

[0039] The pump pressure sensor 6 installed in the mud pipeline on one side of the drilling mud pump high-pressure vertical pipe 22 measures the mud pressure value, converts it into a 4-20mA current value, and transmits the current value to the pump pressure sensor interface 13 of the main control board 16 in the host 1 through the two-wire shielded cable; the host 1 runs the built-in intelligent algorithm software, and obtains the mud pressure by A / D conversion and engineering calculation.

[0040] The host 1 transmits the obtained hook load / hanging load, drilling pressure, return slurry density and mud pressure to the color display screen through the display interface 17 on the main control board 16 for display, so that the driller and the wellhead operator can check, and stores the data in the built-in solid state disk; the host 1 transmits the data to the wireless unit 19 through the wireless communication interface 23 on the main control board 16, and uploads to the cloud platform through the external antenna 2, so as to realize data sharing.

[0041] The host 1 changes the trend of the slurry density in the surface casing below the well control blowout preventer 21 for the drilling by running the built-in intelligent algorithm software, analyzes whether the abnormal situation of the formation brine invasion and the oil and gas invasion exists at the well bottom, controls the sound and light alarm 3 to alarm in time, compares the reference value to determine the slurry liquid level in the surface casing below the well control blowout preventer 21 for the drilling, and outputs the control signal to start the automatic grouting machine 7 when the slurry liquid level is lower than the installation position of the density sensor, and outputs the control signal to stop the automatic grouting machine 7 when the slurry liquid level reaches the installation position of the density sensor, so as to realize the automatic grouting.

[0042] In summary, the safety device for the drilling provided in the embodiment can accurately monitor the weight on bit / hanging load, the drilling pressure, the slurry density and the mud pressure in the drilling operation, and provide important information reference for the driller and the wellhead operator through the color display screen, and upload the data to the cloud platform for analysis and decision-making through the wireless communication technology; in addition, the automatic grouting and the automatic pump stopping in the overpressure are realized, so that the safety device can automatically cope with part of the abnormal situation, and can provide strong support for the safety of the drilling operation, and can be widely used in the fields of oil drilling exploration and development and downhole operation.

[0043] It should be particularly pointed out that the parts not described in detail or expanded in the above-mentioned scheme, such as the specific setting mode and structure of the drilling dead rope fixer, the drilling well control blowout preventer and the drilling mud pump, and the principle process of A / D conversion and engineering calculation of the host by running the built-in intelligent algorithm software, are all prior art, do not belong to the improvement of the prior art by the present application, and do not belong to the protection range of the technical scheme of the present application, so this paper will not be described.

[0044] Of course, the above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The present application is also not limited to the above examples, and the equivalent changes and improvements made by the ordinary skilled in the art within the essential scope of the present application should be attributed to the patent coverage range of the present application.

Claims

1. A safety device for use in drilling a well, characterised in that: The monitoring module is connected with the signal receiving end of the host computer (1) through a signal output end, and the signal output end of the host computer (1) is connected with the signal receiving end of the alarm module; the monitoring module comprises a pressure transmitter (4), a density transmitter (5) and a pump pressure sensor (6); The drilling site is provided with a drilling dead rope fixer (20), a drilling well control blowout preventer (21) and a drilling mud pump, the pressure transmitter (4) is installed in the hydraulic pipeline where the sensor in the drilling dead rope fixer (20) is located, the density transmitter (5) is installed on the drilling well control blowout preventer (21), and the pump pressure sensor (6) is installed on the mud pipeline (22) of the drilling mud pump.

2. A safety device for use in drilling a well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host computer (1) comprises a host computer shell (9), a main control board (16) and a display unit (18) are arranged in the host computer shell (9), and the main control board (16) is connected with the display unit (18) in communication; the main control board (16) is provided with a monitoring module interface, an alarm module interface and a control interface.

3. A safety device for use in drilling a well according to claim 2, characterised in that: The host computer shell (9) further arranges a wireless unit (19) therein, the wireless unit (19) is connected with the main control board (16) in communication, and the wireless unit (19) is connected with a cloud platform in communication through an antenna (2) arranged outside the host computer shell (9).

4. A safety device for use in drilling a well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm module comprises an audible and visual alarm (3).

5. A safety device for use in drilling a well according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising an execution module, the execution module comprises an automatic grouting machine (7), and the signal receiving end of the automatic grouting machine (7) is connected with the signal output end of the host computer (1) in communication.

6. A safety device for use in drilling a well according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising an execution module, the execution module comprises a pump stopper (8), the signal receiving end of the pump stopper (8) is connected with the signal output end of the host computer (1) in communication, and the drilling mud pump is connected to a power supply through the pump stopper (8).

7. A safety device for use in drilling a well according to claim 6, characterised in that: The pump stopper (8) is a relay or an electrically controlled gas valve.

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