Cabin type laser radar
By designing a cabin-mounted lidar and employing voltage divider resistors and comparators to monitor the laser emission module, the problems of complex structure and high cost of traditional lidar are solved, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of detection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520152550.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-22
AI Technical Summary
Traditional lidar systems are complex and expensive, and cannot monitor the working status of the laser emission module in real time, leading to errors in weather forecasting.
The system employs a cabin-mounted lidar, which includes a laser emitting module, a receiving module, and a control module. The operating status of the laser emitting module is monitored in real time through voltage divider resistors and comparators to prevent meteorological judgment errors caused by malfunctions.
This results in a simple lidar circuit structure, low manufacturing cost, and improved detection accuracy and reliability.
Smart Images
Figure CN223808553U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to radar technical field especially relates to a machine cabin formula laser radar. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the field of atmospheric environment research, atmospheric temperature, water vapor density and atmospheric composition are important parameters for atmospheric research, such as atmospheric temperature, water vapor density or relative humidity, atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficient and scattering coefficient, aerosol optical depth and atmospheric visibility, and non-spherical particle backscattering light depolarization ratio. Among the existing remote sensing detection tools for obtaining the above parameters, the most effective one is laser radar, which has been widely used in the fields of laser atmospheric transmission, global climate prediction, aerosol radiation effect and atmospheric environment.
[0003] Laser radar (LIDAR; Light Detection and Ranging) is a technology that irradiates short pulses of laser light into the atmosphere of the observation area, detects and analyzes the scattered light as a laser radar signal, and observes the state of the atmosphere. In the laser used for laser radar, Nd:YAG laser is generally used. Among the types of scattering caused by the irradiation of laser light, there are Mie scattering caused by floating dust (floating particle-like substances), Rayleigh scattering and Raman scattering caused by atmospheric structure molecules, and these scattering can be used to analyze observation elements such as atmospheric temperature and spatial distribution of floating dust, atmospheric density, and concentration distribution of atmospheric composition.
[0004] The traditional laser radar has complex structure and high price, and is difficult to popularize to practical application. Some laser radars do not monitor the operation of the laser emission module in real time, and when the laser receiving module does not receive the scattered wave of the laser emission module, it cannot be determined whether it is due to the failure of the laser emission module or the weather itself. Utility model content
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a machine cabin formula laser radar, the laser radar structure of the application is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low.
[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0007] In one aspect of the embodiment of the utility model discloses, a kind of cabin formula laser radar, the laser radar includes: laser emission module, the laser emission module includes NMOS tube, laser emission tube, first resistance and second resistance, the drain of the NMOS tube is connected power supply by the first resistance, the source of the NMOS tube is connected the positive pole of the laser emission tube, the negative pole of the laser emission tube is connected ground by the second resistance;Laser receiving module, the laser receiving module includes laser receiving tube, first PNP triode and third resistance, the input end of the laser receiving tube is connected the base of the first PNP triode, the emitter of the first PNP triode is connected power supply, the collector of the first PNP triode is connected one end of the third resistance, the output end of the laser receiving tube and the other end of the third resistance are all connected ground, the light receiving end of the laser receiving tube is used to receive the scattering wave of the laser emission tube;Control module, the laser emission end of the control module is connected the gate of the NMOS tube, the laser receiving end of the control module is connected the collector of the first PNP triode.
[0008] In some embodiments, the laser emission module further includes a fourth resistor, a first voltage divider resistor, and a second voltage divider resistor, the negative pole of the laser emission tube is connected to one end of the first voltage divider resistor, the other end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to one end of the second voltage divider resistor and one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to ground, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to a signal acquisition end of the control module.
[0009] In some embodiments, the laser emission module further includes a comparator and a fifth resistor, the inverting input end of the comparator is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, the non-inverting input end of the comparator is connected to a reference source circuit, and the output end of the comparator is connected to the signal acquisition end of the control module through the fifth resistor.
[0010] In some embodiments, the laser emission module further includes a second PNP triode, a sixth resistor, and a seventh resistor, the output end of the comparator is connected to the base of the second PNP triode through the fifth resistor, the emitter of the second PNP triode is connected to power supply through the sixth resistor, and the collector of the second PNP triode is connected to the signal acquisition end of the control module through the seventh resistor.
[0011] In some embodiments, the reference source circuit includes an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, and a capacitor, one end of the eighth resistor is connected to power supply, the other end of the eighth resistor is connected to one end of the ninth resistor, one end of the capacitor, and the non-inverting input end of the comparator, the other end of the ninth resistor and the other end of the capacitor are connected to ground.
[0012] In some embodiments, the reference source circuit further comprises a first NPN transistor, a collector of the first NPN transistor is connected to a power supply, a base of the first NPN transistor is connected to a regulating end of the control module, and an emitter of the first NPN transistor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor.
[0013] In some embodiments, the laser emission module further comprises a second NPN transistor, a third PNP transistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor and a twelfth resistor, a collector of the second NPN transistor is connected to the power supply through the tenth resistor, an emitter of the second NPN transistor is connected to a gate of the NMOS transistor and an emitter of the third PNP transistor, a base of the second NPN transistor is connected to a base of the third PNP transistor, one end of the eleventh resistor and one end of the twelfth resistor, the other end of the eleventh resistor is connected to a laser emission end of the control module, and a collector of the third PNP transistor and the other end of the twelfth resistor are grounded.
[0014] In some embodiments, the laser emission module further comprises a second NPN transistor, a third PNP transistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor and a twelfth resistor, a collector of the second NPN transistor is connected to the power supply through the tenth resistor, an emitter of the second NPN transistor is connected to a gate of the NMOS transistor and an emitter of the third PNP transistor, a base of the second NPN transistor is connected to a base of the third PNP transistor, one end of the eleventh resistor and one end of the twelfth resistor, the other end of the eleventh resistor is connected to a laser emission end of the control module, and a collector of the third PNP transistor and the other end of the twelfth resistor are grounded.
[0015] In some embodiments, the laser emission module further comprises a second NPN transistor, a third PNP transistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor and a twelfth resistor, a collector of the second NPN transistor is connected to the power supply through the tenth resistor, an emitter of the second NPN transistor is connected to a gate of the NMOS transistor and an emitter of the third PNP transistor, a base of the second NPN transistor is connected to a base of the third PNP transistor, one end of the eleventh resistor and one end of the twelfth resistor, the other end of the eleventh resistor is connected to a laser emission end of the control module, and a collector of the third PNP transistor and the other end of the twelfth resistor are grounded.
[0016] The cabin type laser radar according to the embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects: the laser radar circuit structure is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low. The voltage output by the negative side of the laser emission tube is divided by the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor, and then output to the fourth resistor. The fourth resistor limits the current and inputs to the comparator. The comparator compares the reference voltage and the voltage output by the negative side of the laser emission tube, and outputs the comparison result to the signal acquisition end of the control module, so that the control module can monitor the working state of the laser emission module in real time, prevent the meteorological judgment from being wrong due to the fault of the laser emission module, and improve the accuracy of the laser radar detection.
[0017] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.
[0019] Figure 1 is a principle block diagram of a laser radar according to an embodiment;
[0020] Figure 2 is a first partial circuit principle diagram of a laser emission module according to an embodiment;
[0021] Figure 3 is a second partial circuit principle diagram of a laser emission module according to an embodiment;
[0022] Figure 4 is a circuit principle diagram of a laser receiving module according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in the following with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0024] The terms "first", "second", "third" are only for descriptive purpose, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second", "third" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.
[0025] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0026] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that the description of this disclosure will be more complete and fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted.
[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are briefly described below:
[0028] According to some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 4 This application provides a cabin-mounted lidar, which includes:
[0029] The laser emitting module includes an NMOS transistor NM, a laser emitting diode D, a first resistor R1, and a second resistor R2. The drain of the NMOS transistor NM is connected to the power supply through the first resistor R1, the source of the NMOS transistor NM is connected to the positive terminal of the laser emitting diode D, and the negative terminal of the laser emitting diode D is grounded through the second resistor R2.
[0030] The laser receiving module includes a laser receiving tube QPT, a first PNP transistor QP1, and a third resistor R3. The input terminal of the laser receiving tube QPT is connected to the base of the first PNP transistor QP1, the emitter of the first PNP transistor QP1 is connected to the power supply, the collector of the first PNP transistor QP1 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3, and the output terminal of the laser receiving tube QPT and the other end of the third resistor R3 are both grounded. The light-receiving terminal of the laser receiving tube QPT is used to receive the scattered waves from the laser emitting tube D.
[0031] The control module has its laser emitter connected to the gate of the NMOS transistor NM and its laser receiver connected to the collector of the first PNP transistor QP1.
[0032] The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows: the control module outputs a pulse signal from the laser emitter to control the NMOS transistor NM to conduct, and the laser emitter D operates after the NMOS transistor NM conducts. When the laser emitted by the laser emitter D reaches the aerosol, the laser receiver QPT receives the scattered wave from the laser emitter D, and the laser receiver QPT conducts. The laser receiver of the control module detects the conduction signal of the laser receiver QPT and calculates the distance based on the time of receiving the scattered wave, thereby obtaining the distance change of the aerosol in real time to obtain the movement trajectory of the aerosol. Finally, the wind direction is determined based on the movement trajectory of the aerosol. Compared with traditional lidar, the lidar circuit structure of this application is simple and the manufacturing cost is low.
[0033] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein by reference, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated Figures 1 to 4 The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are further elaborated.
[0034] According to some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 The laser emission module further includes a fourth resistor R4, a first voltage dividing resistor RV1 and a second voltage dividing resistor RV2, which are specifically connected as follows,
[0035] The negative electrode of the laser emission tube D is connected to one end of the first voltage dividing resistor RV1, the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor RV1 is connected to one end of the second voltage dividing resistor RV2 and one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor RV2 is grounded, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the signal acquisition end of the control module.
[0036] The working principle of the above embodiment is that the voltage output from the negative electrode side of the laser emission tube D is divided by the first voltage dividing resistor RV1 and the second voltage dividing resistor RV2 and then output to the fourth resistor R4, and the fourth resistor R4 is input to the signal acquisition end of the control module after current limiting, so that the control module can monitor the working state of the laser emission module in real time, prevent meteorological judgment errors caused by faults of the laser emission module, and improve the accuracy of laser radar detection.
[0037] According to some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The laser emission module further includes a comparator UA and a fifth resistor R5, which are specifically connected as follows,
[0038] One end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the inverting input end of the comparator UA, the non-inverting input end of the comparator UA is connected to the reference source circuit, and the output end of the comparator UA is connected to the signal acquisition end of the control module through the fifth resistor R5.
[0039] The working principle of the above embodiment is that the voltage output from the negative electrode side of the laser emission tube D is divided by the first voltage dividing resistor RV1 and the second voltage dividing resistor RV2 and then output to the fourth resistor R4, and the fourth resistor R4 is input to the signal acquisition end of the control module after current limiting, so that the control module can monitor the working state of the laser emission module in real time, prevent meteorological judgment errors caused by faults of the laser emission module, and improve the accuracy of laser radar detection.
[0040] According to some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The laser emission module further includes a second PNP transistor QP2, a sixth resistor R6 and a seventh resistor R7, which are specifically connected as follows,
[0041] The output of comparator UA is connected to the base of the second PNP transistor QP2 through the fifth resistor R5. The emitter of the second PNP transistor QP2 is connected to the power supply through the sixth resistor R6. The collector of the second PNP transistor QP2 is connected to the signal acquisition terminal of the control module through the seventh resistor R7.
[0042] Among them, the second PNP transistor QP2 plays an amplification role, which is used to amplify the electrical signal output by comparator UA to a voltage range suitable for the control module.
[0043] According to some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the reference source circuit includes an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, and a capacitor C. Its specific connection structure is as follows.
[0044] One end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the power supply, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to one end of the ninth resistor R9, one end of the capacitor C, and the non-inverting input of the comparator UA. The other end of the ninth resistor R9 and the other end of the capacitor C are grounded.
[0045] Among them, the eighth resistor R8 and the ninth resistor R9 are used for voltage division, and the capacitor C is used for filtering.
[0046] According to some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, in addition to the circuit structure described above, the reference source circuit may also include a first NPN transistor QN1, with the specific connection structure as follows.
[0047] The collector of the first NPN transistor QN1 is connected to the power supply, the base of the first NPN transistor QN1 is connected to the adjustment terminal of the control module, and the emitter of the first NPN transistor QN1 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8.
[0048] The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows: comparator UA is used to compare the reference voltage and the voltage output from the negative terminal of laser emitter D. When the voltage output from the negative terminal of laser emitter D is higher than the reference voltage, comparator UA outputs a low level; when the voltage output from the negative terminal of laser emitter D is lower than the reference voltage, comparator UA outputs a high level. The control module can adjust the opening of the first NPN transistor QN1 via the adjustment terminal to further adjust the value of the reference voltage.
[0049] According to some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, in addition to the circuit structure described above, the laser emitting module may also include a second NPN transistor QN2, a third PNP transistor QP3, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, and a twelfth resistor R12, with the specific connection structure as follows.
[0050] The collector of the second NPN transistor QN2 is connected to a power supply through the tenth resistor R10, the emitter of the second NPN transistor QN2 is connected to the gate of the NMOS transistor NM and the emitter of the third PNP transistor QP3, the base of the second NPN transistor QN2 is connected to the base of the third PNP transistor QP3, one end of the eleventh resistor R11 and one end of the twelfth resistor R12, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the laser emission end of the control module, the collector of the third PNP transistor QP3 and the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 are grounded.
[0051] The second NPN transistor QN2 and the third PNP transistor QP3 are arranged between the laser emission end of the control module and the gate of the NMOS transistor NM, so that a large-voltage laser emission tube D can be controlled by a smaller voltage.
[0052] According to some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, the laser receiving module can further include a third NPN transistor QN3, a thirteenth resistor R13 and a fourteenth resistor R14, and the specific connection structure is as follows, Figure 4
[0053] The collector of the third NPN transistor QN3 is connected to a power supply through the thirteenth resistor R13, the base of the third NPN transistor QN3 is connected to the collector of the first PNP transistor QP1, and the emitter of the third NPN transistor QN3 is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor R14, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is grounded.
[0054] According to some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, the laser receiving module can further include an operational amplifier UB, a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16 and a seventeenth resistor R17, and the specific connection structure is as follows, Figure 4
[0055] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier UB is grounded through the fifteenth resistor R15, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier UB is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor R16 and one end of the seventeenth resistor R17, the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to the emitter of the third NPN transistor QN3, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier UB is connected to the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 and the laser receiving end of the control module.
[0056] Among them, the third NPN transistor QN3 serves as the first signal amplification, and the operational amplifier UB serves as the second signal amplification.
[0057] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.
[0058] While the disclosure has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the words that have been used are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. As previously mentioned, changes and modifications can be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure, and it is understood that the above-described embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the scope of the disclosure is to be determined by the following claims, and equivalents thereto.
Claims
1. A cabin laser radar characterized by, The laser radar comprises: a laser emission module comprising an NMOS tube, a laser emission tube, a first resistor and a second resistor, the drain of the NMOS tube being connected to a power supply through the first resistor, the source of the NMOS tube being connected to the positive electrode of the laser emission tube, and the negative electrode of the laser emission tube being connected to a ground through the second resistor; a laser receiving module comprising a laser receiving tube, a first PNP triode and a third resistor, the input end of the laser receiving tube being connected to the base of the first PNP triode, the emitter of the first PNP triode being connected to a power supply, the collector of the first PNP triode being connected to one end of the third resistor, the output end of the laser receiving tube and the other end of the third resistor both being connected to a ground, and the light receiving end of the laser receiving tube being used for receiving the scattered wave of the laser emission tube; a control module, the laser emission end of the control module being connected to the gate of the NMOS tube, and the laser receiving end of the control module being connected to the collector of the first PNP triode.
2. The lidar of claim 1, wherein, The laser emission module further comprises a fourth resistor, a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor, the negative electrode of the laser emission tube being connected to one end of the first voltage dividing resistor, the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor being connected to one end of the second voltage dividing resistor and one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor being connected to a ground, and the other end of the fourth resistor being connected to the signal acquisition end of the control module.
3. The lidar of claim 2, wherein, The laser emission module further comprises a comparator and a fifth resistor, one end of the fourth resistor being connected to the inverting input end of the comparator, the non-inverting input end of the comparator being connected to a reference source circuit, and the output end of the comparator being connected to the signal acquisition end of the control module through the fifth resistor.
4. The lidar of claim 3, wherein, The laser emission module further comprises a second PNP triode, a sixth resistor and a seventh resistor, the output end of the comparator being connected to the base of the second PNP triode through the fifth resistor, the emitter of the second PNP triode being connected to a power supply through the sixth resistor, and the collector of the second PNP triode being connected to the signal acquisition end of the control module through the seventh resistor.
5. The lidar of claim 3, wherein, The reference source circuit comprises an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor and a capacitor, one end of the eighth resistor being connected to a power supply, the other end of the eighth resistor being connected to one end of the ninth resistor, one end of the capacitor and the non-inverting input end of the comparator, and the other end of the ninth resistor and the other end of the capacitor being connected to a ground.
6. The lidar of claim 5, wherein, The reference source circuit further comprises a first NPN triode, the collector of the first NPN triode being connected to a power supply, the base of the first NPN triode being connected to the adjustment end of the control module, and the emitter of the first NPN triode being connected to one end of the eighth resistor.
7. The lidar of claim 1, wherein, The laser emission module further comprises a second NPN triode, a third PNP triode, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor and a twelfth resistor, the collector of the second NPN triode is connected to the power supply through the tenth resistor, the emitter of the second NPN triode is connected to the gate of the NMOS tube and the emitter of the third PNP triode, the base of the second NPN triode is connected to the base of the third PNP triode, one end of the eleventh resistor and one end of the twelfth resistor, the other end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the laser emission end of the control module, and the collector of the third PNP triode and the other end of the twelfth resistor are grounded.
8. The lidar of claim 1, wherein, The laser receiving module further comprises a third NPN triode, a thirteenth resistor and a fourteenth resistor, the collector of the third NPN triode is connected to the power supply through the thirteenth resistor, the base of the third NPN triode is connected to the collector of the first PNP triode, and the emitter of the third NPN triode is connected to one end of the fourteenth resistor, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor is grounded.
9. The lidar of claim 8, wherein, The laser receiving module further comprises an operational amplifier, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor and a seventeenth resistor, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier is grounded through the fifteenth resistor, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor and one end of the seventeenth resistor, the other end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the emitter of the third NPN triode, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the other end of the seventeenth resistor and the laser receiving end of the control module.