Battery thermal management system, battery pack and electric device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery thermal management system, a battery pack and an electric device. The battery thermal management system comprises a battery module, the battery module comprises a frame body and an assembly plate and a liquid cooling plate which are assembled on the two opposite sides of the frame body, and an assembly cavity used for assembling a plurality of battery monomers is defined by the frame body, the assembly plate and the liquid cooling plate; the liquid cooling plate is provided with a plurality of flow guide columns in a protruding mode, a liquid cooling flow channel is formed in the liquid cooling plate, the flow guide columns are provided with flow guide holes, and the liquid cooling flow channel and the assembling cavity are communicated through the flow guide holes. According to the structure, the battery monomers are completely immersed in the cooling liquid, so that the contact area and the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling liquid and the battery monomers are increased, heat generated by the battery monomers in the charging and discharging process can be more effectively dissipated, the battery monomers are maintained in a proper working temperature range, the performance of the battery is improved, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. The problems of battery capacity attenuation, internal resistance increase and the like caused by overheating are reduced, and stable operation of the battery module is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to battery technology field especially relates to a battery thermal management system, battery package and electric device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the core technical field of new energy automobile - power battery system, its performance directly relates to the overall performance of electric sports car. At present, for the power battery system of electric sports car, the conventional solution mainly adopts the battery package to maintain the working temperature range of the battery through the heat dissipation and heating mode of the heat dissipation cold plate.

[0003] However, in the charging and discharging process, it is found that the temperature gradient in the battery package is large, that is, the temperature difference between different regions in the battery package is obvious. This uneven temperature distribution can seriously affect the electrochemical performance and service life of the battery. And in the high-power demand working condition, such as high-speed driving or sudden acceleration, the problem of insufficient heat dissipation will be further highlighted, which causes the battery to be unable to quickly and effectively dissipate heat, so that the power performance of the battery cannot meet the actual use requirements. And, if it is in a high-temperature environment for a long time, the aging and degradation of the internal materials of the battery will be accelerated, which greatly reduces the service life of the battery, so it is urgent to improve the heat dissipation technology in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome at least one of the defects of the prior art described above, according to one aspect of the present application, a battery thermal management system is provided, comprising:

[0005] The battery module comprises a frame and assembly plates and liquid cooling plates assembled on opposite sides of the frame. The frame, assembly plates and liquid cooling plates are surrounded by an assembly cavity for assembling a plurality of battery monomers. The liquid cooling plate is provided with a plurality of flow guide columns and has a liquid cooling flow channel in the liquid cooling plate. The flow guide column has a flow guide hole, and the flow guide hole connects the liquid cooling flow channel and the assembly cavity.

[0006] The liquid cooling circulating pump is connected with the first conduit and the second conduit. The first conduit is connected to the liquid outlet connected to the assembly cavity, and the second conduit is connected to the liquid cooling flow channel, so that the cooling medium can immerse the battery monomer.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present application, the assembly plate has a first flow channel and a liquid passage hole connecting the first flow channel and the assembly cavity. The first flow channel is connected to the first conduit.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present application, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a plurality of weak structures and a pressure relief channel corresponding to the weak structures, and one weak structure corresponds to the pressure relief port of one battery monomer.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present application, the assembly cavity extends through opposite two side surfaces of the frame body to form opposite two opening structures.

[0010] The assembly plate and the liquid cooling plate are respectively arranged in sealing manner at the opposite two openings of the frame body.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, the flow guide column is arranged beside the battery monomer and the side surface thereof is an arc-shaped curved surface.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, at least three arc-shaped curved surfaces are formed on the flow guide column.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, a fixing support for fixing a plurality of battery monomers is arranged in the assembly cavity, and a plurality of fixing holes are arranged through the thickness of the fixing support, and one fixing hole is used for assembling one battery monomer.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, the battery module further comprises a CCS assembly arranged in the assembly cavity of the frame body and located between the assembly plate and the plurality of battery monomers, and the CCS assembly and the plurality of battery monomers are electrically connected.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, a plurality of battery modules are arranged, and the plurality of battery modules share the first conduit and the second conduit in the liquid cooling circulating pump.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present application, a battery pack is provided, comprising the battery thermal management system.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present application, an electric device is provided, comprising the battery pack.

[0018] In summary, the battery thermal management system, the battery pack and the electric device provided by the present application have the following technical effects:

[0019] Through the above structure, by immersing the battery monomers in the cooling liquid, the contact area and the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling liquid and the battery monomers are increased, the heat generated by the battery monomers during charging and discharging can be effectively dissipated, the battery monomers can be maintained in an appropriate working temperature range, the performance and the service life of the battery are improved, the problems such as capacity attenuation and internal resistance increase of the battery caused by overheating are reduced, and stable operation of the battery module is ensured. Moreover, the temperature distribution around the battery monomers is more uniform, and the temperature uniformity is crucial for the performance and safety of the battery module, which can avoid safety hazards such as battery thermal runaway caused by local high temperature, and is also conducive to improving the overall charging and discharging efficiency and consistency of the battery module, reducing the performance difference between the battery monomers, and prolonging the service life of the battery module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A structure schematic view of the battery thermal management system of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 An exploded state schematic view of the battery module of the battery thermal management system of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 A Figure 2 The local enlarged view at A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 A Figure 2 The local enlarged view at B in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 A sectional view of the battery thermal management system of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 A structure schematic view of the liquid cooling plate of the battery thermal management system of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 A structure schematic view of the assembly plate of the battery thermal management system of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] The drawing: 1-battery module, 11-frame body, 12-assembly plate, 121-first flow channel, 122-liquid passage, 13-liquid cooling plate, 131-liquid cooling flow channel, 132-flow guide column, 1321-flow guide hole, 1322-arc curved surface, 133-weak structure, 134-pressure relief passage, 14-assembly cavity, 15-fixing support, 151-fixing hole, 16-CCS assembly, 17-battery monomer, 2-liquid cooling circulating pump, 21-first conduit, 22-second conduit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to better understand and implement, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0029] In the description of the utility model, it needs to be explained that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is the orientation or position relationship based on the drawing shown, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0031] Embodiments of the present application disclose a battery thermal management system, which increases a heat exchange area of a battery body, improves a battery temperature uniformity, reduces a system temperature difference, meets high-power discharge, and prolongs a service life of the battery system by immersing all battery monomers in a cooling liquid.

[0032] The specific scheme of the battery thermal management system of the present application will be described below in combination with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-7

[0033] Specifically, the battery thermal management system comprises a battery module 1.

[0034] The battery module 1 comprises a frame body 11, assembling plates 12 and liquid cooling plates 13 assembled on opposite sides of the frame body 11, the frame body 11, the assembling plates 12 and the liquid cooling plates 13 are surrounded to form assembling cavities 14 for assembling a plurality of battery monomers 17; the liquid cooling plates 13 are provided with a plurality of flow guide columns 132 and have liquid cooling flow channels 131 in the liquid cooling plates 13, the flow guide columns 132 have flow guide holes 1321, the flow guide holes 1321 communicate the liquid cooling flow channels 131 and the assembling cavities 14; in the illustrated embodiment, the liquid cooling plates 13 are located on the lower side of the assembling plates 12.

[0035] The battery thermal management system further comprises a liquid cooling circulating pump 2.

[0036] The liquid cooling circulating pump 2 is communicated with a first conduit 21 and a second conduit 22, the first conduit 21 is used for being communicated to a liquid outlet communicated with the assembling cavities 14, and the second conduit 22 is communicated to the liquid cooling flow channels 131, so as to immerse the battery monomers 17 in the cooling medium.

[0037] ​In the present application, a cooling liquid circulation path is formed as follows: the cooling liquid first enters the liquid cooling flow channel 131 of the liquid cooling plate 13. Since the liquid cooling plate 13 is provided with a plurality of flow guide columns 132, and the flow guide columns 132 have flow guide holes 1321 communicating with the liquid cooling flow channel 131, when the cooling liquid flows in the liquid cooling flow channel 131, it will flow out through the flow guide holes 1321 of the flow guide columns 132, and then flow into the assembly cavity 14 to directly exchange heat with the battery monomer 17 and absorb the heat generated by the battery monomer 17. Finally, the cooling liquid flows out of the liquid outlet of the assembly cavity 14, and then passes through the first conduit 21, the liquid cooling circulation pump 2 and the second conduit 22 to form a complete cooling liquid circulation process. Moreover, after the cooling liquid flows out through the flow guide holes 1321 of the plurality of flow guide columns 132, it can be more evenly distributed around the battery monomer 17 to take away the heat generated by the battery monomer 17, ensuring the temperature uniformity of the battery monomer 17.

[0038] Moreover, the liquid cooling circulation pump 2 can drive the cooling liquid to circulate in the above-mentioned cooling liquid path. The cooling liquid can effectively absorb the heat generated by the battery during the circulation process, so that the heat can be taken away in time through liquid cooling circulation, thereby maintaining the working temperature of the battery within a suitable range and avoiding overheating of the battery.

[0039] In summary, through the above structure, by immersing the battery monomer 17 in the cooling liquid, the contact area and heat exchange efficiency of the cooling liquid and the battery monomer 17 are increased, the heat generated by the battery monomer 17 during charging and discharging can be more effectively dissipated, the battery monomer 17 can be maintained within a suitable working temperature range, the performance and service life of the battery can be improved, the problems such as capacity attenuation and internal resistance increase of the battery caused by overheating can be reduced, and stable operation of the battery module 1 is ensured. Moreover, the temperature distribution around the battery monomer 17 is also more uniform, and the temperature uniformity is crucial to the performance and safety of the battery module 1, which can avoid safety hazards such as battery thermal runaway caused by local high temperature, and is also conducive to improving the overall charging and discharging efficiency and consistency of the battery module 1, reducing the performance difference between the battery monomers 17, and prolonging the service life of the battery module 1.

[0040] Specifically, the assembly plate 12 has a first flow channel 121 and a liquid passage hole 122 connecting the first flow channel 121 and the assembly cavity 14, and the first flow channel 121 is communicated with the first conduit 21.

[0041] In the present application, a cooling liquid circulation path is formed as follows: the cooling liquid first enters the liquid cooling flow channel 131 of the liquid cooling plate 13. Since the liquid cooling plate 13 is provided with a plurality of flow guide columns 132, and the flow guide columns 132 have flow guide holes 1321 communicating with the liquid cooling flow channel 131, when the cooling liquid flows in the liquid cooling flow channel 131, it will flow out through the flow guide holes 1321 of the flow guide columns 132, and then flow into the assembly cavity 14, where it exchanges heat directly with the battery monomer 17 and absorbs the heat generated by the battery monomer 17. Finally, the cooling liquid flows from the assembly cavity 14 into the first flow channel 121 of the assembly plate 12, and carries the absorbed heat out of the system through the first flow channel 121, and through the first conduit 21, the liquid cooling circulation pump 2 and the second conduit 22 to form a complete cooling liquid circulation process.

[0042] Specifically, the battery monomer 17 can be a cylindrical battery, preferably a large cylindrical battery, for example, with a diameter in the range of 42-60 mm.

[0043] Specifically, a plurality of weak structures 133 and pressure relief channels 134 corresponding to the weak structures 133 are provided on the liquid cooling plate 13, and one weak structure 133 corresponds to the pressure relief port of one battery monomer 17. In addition to using the liquid cooling plate 13 for heat dissipation, the battery thermal management system of the present application also uses the liquid cooling plate 13 for pressure relief to improve overall safety. For example, when the internal pressure of a certain battery monomer 17 abnormally rises, the corresponding weak structure 133 can quickly break, allowing the pressure to be released in time through the pressure relief channel 134, effectively preventing the battery monomer 17 from bulging, rupturing or even exploding due to excessive pressure, and precisely protecting each battery monomer 17 to improve the overall safety of the battery system. More importantly, this one-to-one pressure relief design can isolate the problematic battery monomer 17 from other normal battery monomers 17, preventing a single battery monomer 17 failure from having a large impact on the entire battery pack, improving the fault tolerance of the battery system and reducing the risk of system-wide failure due to local faults.

[0044] Specifically, the weak structure 133 can be made of a high-temperature resistant plastic film, such as a polyimide (PI) film, or a rubber film, such as a nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) film, which can withstand a certain degree of pressure, but when the internal pressure of the battery monomer 17 is too high, it can achieve pressure relief by deforming and even breaking.

[0045] Alternatively, the weak structure 133 can also be a notch at the position of the liquid cooling plate 13 corresponding to the pressure relief port of the battery monomer 17, which can be made by machining or laser etching, for example, a cross-shaped notch, and the depth of the notch can be designed according to the maximum pressure that the battery monomer 17 can generate. Generally, the notch depth can be between 0.1mm-0.5mm. When the internal pressure of the battery monomer 17 reaches a certain degree, the material at the notch will first break due to stress concentration, thereby achieving pressure relief.

[0046] In particular, the flow guide column 132 is arranged beside the battery monomer 17 and the side surface thereof is an arc-shaped curved surface 1322. Since the battery monomer 17 is a cylindrical battery in actual products, a matching structure can be formed to avoid interference or collision. More importantly, the flow guide column 132 can also limit the battery monomer 17, achieving two purposes at once.

[0047] In particular, the flow guide column 132 has at least three arc-shaped curved surfaces 1322. In actual design considerations, most of the flow guide columns 132 will be arranged beside three cylindrical battery monomers 17, and if not reasonably designed, the flow guide column 132 and the battery monomer 17 can easily interfere with each other.

[0048] To this end, in this application, by designing the flow guide column 132 to have an arc-shaped curved surface 1322, it can cleverly avoid contact with the battery monomer 17 when arranged beside three cylindrical battery monomers 17, achieving a reasonable spatial layout and making the entire structure containing the battery monomer 17 and the flow guide column 132 more scientific and orderly in space arrangement. After avoiding interference, the battery monomer 17 can normally perform its functions of storing and releasing electrical energy, etc., without being adversely affected by the flow guide column 132; at the same time, the flow guide column 132 can also normally perform its original functions such as guiding fluid, etc., ensuring the normal operation of the entire system.

[0049] In particular, the battery module 1 also includes a CCS assembly 16, which refers to a CCS (Cell s Contact System, integrated busbar), also known as a wire harness panel integrated part. The CCS assembly 16 is arranged in the assembly cavity 14 of the frame 11 and located between the assembly plate 12 and the plurality of battery monomers 17, and the CCS assembly 16 and the plurality of battery monomers 17 are electrically connected. In actual design considerations, the CCS assembly is an important component electrically connected to the battery monomer 17, which will generate heat during operation. If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, it may cause the temperature of the CCS assembly to be too high, which will affect its electrical performance, such as increasing the resistance, reducing the conductivity efficiency, etc.

[0050] To this end, in the present application, the CCS assembly is cooled by the cooling liquid, solving the problem of performance degradation that may be caused by the heating of the CCS assembly, and maintaining the temperature of the CCS assembly within a reasonable range to ensure its normal operation. Moreover, the heat dissipation of the CCS assembly is combined with the liquid cooling of the battery, making the structure of the entire battery system more compact and reasonable, and enhancing the integration of the battery thermal management system.

[0051] Specifically, a plurality of liquid passing holes 122 are arranged on the side of the assembly plate 12 facing the liquid cooling plate 13, and the plurality of liquid passing holes 122 are in communication with the first flow channel 121 in the assembly plate 12. In the prior art, the cooling liquid may only flow out from a single outlet or a few outlets, which can result in uneven circulation of the cooling liquid, for example, the cooling liquid flow near the outlet is large and the cooling effect is good, while the cooling liquid is difficult to reach the area far from the outlet, resulting in local overheating and affecting the performance of the entire heat dissipation system.

[0052] To this end, the plurality of liquid passing holes 122 are arranged to communicate with the first flow channel 121, which can make the cooling liquid circulate uniformly from multiple positions. The uniformly flowing cooling liquid can more effectively take away heat, and can ensure that the cooling liquid better covers the entire area that needs to be cooled, avoiding the situation of local insufficient cooling, which is beneficial to improve the performance and stability of the equipment and prolong the service life of the equipment. Moreover, the arrangement of the plurality of liquid passing holes 122 can balance the pressure inside the assembly plate 12. When the cooling liquid flows out from multiple positions, the pressure difference of each part inside the liquid cooling plate 13 is reduced, so that the cooling liquid can flow at a more stable and reasonable flow rate, thereby further improving the cooling efficiency.

[0053] Specifically, for the assembly cavity 14 in the frame body 11, the assembly cavity 14 extends through the opposite sides of the frame body 11 to form an opposite opening structure, and the assembly plate 12 and the liquid cooling plate 13 are respectively arranged at the opposite openings of the frame body 11. In the present application, the assembly cavity 14 extends through the opposite sides of the frame body 11 to form an opening structure, which provides a convenient operation channel when the number of battery monomers 17 needs to be increased or the existing battery monomers 17 need to be maintained or replaced. The battery monomers 17 can be checked, repaired or replaced one by one through the opening, without causing excessive damage to the structure of the entire battery system, which is very convenient and fast.

[0054] Specifically, the fixing support 15 is provided in the assembly cavity 14 and is used to fix the plurality of battery monomers 17. The fixing support 15 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes 151 through the thickness of the fixing support 15, and one fixing hole 151 is used to assemble one battery monomer 17. In the design, it is considered that if the battery monomers 17 are shaken in the assembly cavity 14, the battery tab and other components may be damaged. Especially in some application scenarios with high safety requirements, such as electric vehicles, the damage of the battery tab of the battery may cause a short circuit and other safety hazards.

[0055] To this end, the fixing support 15 is provided, and the cooperation of the fixing support 15 and the fixing hole 151 makes the battery monomers 17 form a stable overall structure in the assembly cavity 14, and the relative positions between the battery monomers 17 can be kept stable when the battery module is subjected to external impact force or vibration. More importantly, since the fixing hole 151 provides a clear assembly position for the battery monomer 17, the worker can more quickly and accurately install the battery monomer 17 on the fixing support 15, and the assembly speed can be greatly improved. For example, in the automatic production line of the battery module, the fixing structure can make the robot arm more accurately perform the assembly operation of the battery monomer 17, reduce the assembly time, and improve the production capacity of the entire production line.

[0056] Specifically, a plurality of battery modules 1 are provided, and the plurality of battery modules 1 share the first conduit 21 and the second conduit 22 in the liquid cooling circulation pump 2. In actual design consideration, when there are a plurality of battery modules 1, if each battery module 1 is separately provided with the pipeline and other components related to liquid cooling circulation, the entire system will be too complex and the cost will be high. To this end, the plurality of battery modules 1 share the first conduit 21 and the second conduit 22 in the liquid cooling circulation pump 2, which can simplify the pipeline layout of the system, reduce the number of components, reduce the system construction cost and the complexity of subsequent maintenance while ensuring the heat dissipation function. Moreover, on the basis of improving the battery capacity, the plurality of battery modules 1 also share the related conduits of the liquid cooling circulation pump 2, so that the entire battery thermal management system is more compact and has a higher degree of integration. From the cost point of view, the repeated configuration of the conduits and other components is reduced, the material cost and the installation cost are reduced, and when subsequent maintenance and repair are performed, the system is relatively simple, so that the problems that may occur can be positioned and processed more efficiently, the maintenance efficiency is improved, and the maintenance cost is saved.

[0057] The embodiment of the application also discloses a battery pack comprising the battery thermal management system described above. Therefore, the battery pack has all the beneficial effects of the battery thermal management system of any of the technical solutions described above, and details are not repeated here.

[0058] The embodiments of the present application also disclose a power utilization device comprising the battery pack.

[0059] Specifically, in the field of electric vehicles, the power utilization device can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or other new energy vehicles.

[0060] The technical means disclosed in the utility model scheme is not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments, and also includes the technical scheme composed of any combination of the above technical features. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the principle of the utility model, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements are also considered within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A battery thermal management system, characterized in that, include: The battery module (1) includes a frame (11) and an assembly plate (12) and a liquid cooling plate (13) assembled on opposite sides of the frame (11). An assembly cavity (14) for assembling multiple battery cells (17) is formed between the frame (11), the assembly plate (12) and the liquid cooling plate (13). The liquid cooling plate (13) is provided with multiple flow guide columns (132) and has a liquid cooling channel (131) inside the liquid cooling plate (13). The flow guide columns (132) have flow guide holes (1321) that connect the liquid cooling channel (131) and the assembly cavity (14). A liquid-cooled circulating pump (2) is connected to a first conduit (21) and a second conduit (22). The first conduit (21) is connected to an outlet connected to the assembly cavity (14), and the second conduit (22) is connected to a liquid-cooled flow channel (131) so that the cooling medium immerses the battery cell (17).

2. The battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assembly plate (12) has a first flow channel (121) and a liquid passage hole (122) that connects the first flow channel (121) and the assembly cavity (14). The first flow channel (121) is connected to the first conduit (21).

3. The battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid cooling plate (13) is provided with a plurality of weak structures (133) and pressure relief channels (134) corresponding to the weak structures (133), and one weak structure (133) corresponds to the pressure relief port of one battery cell (17).

4. A battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assembly cavity (14) extends through the opposite sides of the frame (11) to form a two-opening structure; The assembly plate (12) and the liquid cooling plate (13) are respectively sealed at the two opposite openings of the frame (11).

5. A battery thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The flow guide column (132) is located on the side of the battery cell (17) and the side facing the battery cell (17) is an arc-shaped curved surface (1322). At least three arc-shaped surfaces (1322) are formed on the guide column (132).

6. A battery thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The assembly cavity (14) is provided with a fixing bracket (15) for fixing a number of battery cells (17). The fixing bracket (15) has a number of fixing holes (151) through its own thickness. Each fixing hole (151) is used to assemble one battery cell (17).

7. A battery thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The battery module (1) further includes a CCS component (16), which is disposed in the assembly cavity (14) of the frame (11) and located between the assembly plate (12) and a number of battery cells (17). The CCS component (16) and the number of battery cells (17) are electrically connected.

8. A battery thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The battery module (1) is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple battery modules (1) share a first conduit (21) and a second conduit (22) in a liquid-cooled circulating pump (2).

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, Including a battery thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack according to claim 9.

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