Potato harvesting and sorting machine

Abstract

A potato harvesting and sorting machine relates to the technical field of potato harvesters and structurally comprises a main transmission shaft, a frame, a soil-potato separating frame, a potato sorting frame, a lifting frame and a third transmission belt, the front end of the frame is provided with the soil-potato separating frame, the middle of the soil-potato separating frame is provided with a first transmission belt, the middle of the frame is connected with the potato sorting frame, and the potato sorting frame is connected with the third transmission belt. A second conveying belt is arranged in the middle of the potato sorting frame, a third conveying belt is arranged at the bottom of the potato sorting frame, a plurality of potato sorting shafts are arranged on the third conveying belt in the horizontal direction, and the lifting machine frame penetrates through the bottom of the rear end of the machine frame and obliquely extends through a hinge shaft. The potato harvester can realize the combined operation of automatically digging and picking up potato tubers, separating soil and potatoes, sorting the potato tubers according to sizes and lifting and loading, prevents the potatoes from falling and being damaged in the loading and transporting process, and is simple in structure, reasonable and reliable in working principle, high in picking and separating efficiency and convenient to maintain.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to potato harvester technical field, concretely relates to a kind of potato harvesting sorting machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] In our province potato production, cultivation, planting, plant protection link has realized mechanization, but most of the harvest adopts mechanical excavation, artificial picking semi-mechanized harvesting mode, artificial picking needs a large amount of manpower to complete, time-consuming and laborious, even if the excavator of automatic picking potato is used, since there is a lot of soil on the surface of potato during harvesting, cannot achieve soil and potato separation, also need to rely on artificial sorting;And potato is easily injured in the transmission process;This low-efficiency high-cost production mode seriously restricts the scale production of potato industry and the improvement of operating efficiency.

[0003] One of the key technologies of potato production, combined harvesting technology, is to realize the integrated technology of excavation, soil and potato separation, potato size grading and collection, which is the key technology to replace manual operation, improve production efficiency, reduce labor intensity and reduce production cost. Combined harvester, combined harvesting technology specification, complete excavation, soil and potato separation, collection, lifting, loading and other processes, to achieve the requirement of completing multiple processes at one time, so as to realize combined harvesting operation, and provide advanced technology and equipment support for industrialized production of potato. CONTENT OF UTILITY MODEL

[0004] In view of the deficiency of prior art, the utility model provides a kind of potato harvesting sorting machine, to solve the problem of low efficiency of potato receiving and sorting in prior art.

[0005] To realize the above technical effect, one aspect of the present application provides a kind of potato harvesting sorting machine, including total transmission shaft, rack, soil and potato separation frame, potato sorting frame, lifting frame and third transmission belt, the rack front end is provided with soil and potato separation frame, the soil and potato separation frame front end is provided with excavation shovel, the soil and potato separation frame middle is provided with first conveying belt, the first transmission box is fixedly connected with the first transmission box on the upper portion of excavation shovel through support, the total transmission shaft is provided with total transmission shaft on one side, the total transmission shaft is movably connected with tractor output shaft, and the first transmission box is powered by tractor output shaft, the first transmission box one side is provided with transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism is drivenly connected with soil and potato separation frame, potato sorting frame and third transmission belt through chain and sprocket respectively, and the lifting frame bottom end is hinged with rack;

[0006] The rack middle part is provided with potato sorting frame, the potato sorting frame middle is provided with second conveying belt, the second conveying belt tail end is fixedly provided with roller, the roller can rotate in rack, the motor is fixedly arranged on the rack, and the motor output shaft is drivingly connected with the rotating shaft of roller.

[0007] The bottom of the potato sorting rack is equipped with a third potato conveyor belt, and the end of the third conveyor belt is movably connected to a potato basket. Potatoes on the ground are sorted in sequence by a digging shovel, a soil-potato separation rack, and a potato sorting rack. Larger potatoes fall into the elevator rack after passing through a roller, while smaller potatoes fall from the potato sorting rack and are collected in the potato basket via the third conveyor belt.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first conveyor belt is a closed elliptical shape, and an intercepting plate is provided along the direction of the transmission shaft.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second conveyor belt is uniformly provided with multiple sorting shafts, and the distance between two adjacent sorting shafts is adjustable.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the potato sorting rack has vertically fixed baffles on both sides that are inclined toward the middle, and the ends of the baffles are connected to the front end of the roller.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drum includes a screen, a rotating shaft and a spiral plate. The side wall of the drum is made of the screen, and the spiral plate is spiral-shaped, fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drum and extending from the drum inlet to the drum outlet.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the roller is conical, with an inlet diameter smaller than the outlet diameter, and the rotating shaft is arranged parallel to the ground.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the third conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of potato sorting shafts in the horizontal direction. The potato sorting shafts are connected to the transmission mechanism, and a brush roller is sleeved on the outer circle of the potato sorting shaft.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the lifting frame is connected to the frame via a telescopic rod, and the tilt angle of the lifting frame is adjusted.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second transmission box is fixedly provided at the end of the frame, the transmission mechanism is connected to the second transmission box, and the second transmission box is connected to the conveyor belt shaft provided in the lifting frame.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, ground wheels are provided on both sides of the rear end of the bottom of the frame.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: it enables the combined operation of automatic digging and picking of potato tubers, separation of soil and tubers, primary sorting by tuber size, and lifting and loading, thereby improving productivity and efficiency while increasing the overall mechanization rate of potato production by more than 10%. It overcomes the technical bottleneck of combined harvesting in the local mechanized potato production process. The distance between the potato sorting shafts is adjustable, enabling size sorting. During the potato conveying process, the soil on the potatoes is effectively removed by rollers or brush rollers, achieving soil-tuber separation. Baffles on the conveyor belt prevent potatoes from being injured during transport. This utility model has a simple structure, a reasonable and reliable working principle, high picking and separation efficiency, convenient use and maintenance, and saves energy. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the potato harvesting and sorting machine of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the potato harvesting and sorting machine of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0021] The components include: 1. Frame; 11. Main drive shaft; 12. First transmission box; 13. Motor; 14. Second transmission box; 2. Potato separation rack; 21. First conveyor belt; 22. Digging shovel; 23. Interception plate; 3. Potato sorting rack; 31. Second conveyor belt; 4. Elevating frame; 41. Telescopic rod; 42. Elevating conveyor belt; 5. Roller; 51. Screen; 52. Rotating shaft; 53. Spiral plate; 54. Baffle; 6. Third conveyor belt; 7. Transmission mechanism; 8. Potato basket. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the potato harvesting and sorting machine of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a top view of the potato harvesting and sorting machine of this utility model. Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction, as shown below. Figures 1-3As shown, a potato harvesting and sorting machine includes a main drive shaft 11, a frame 1, a potato-separation frame 2, a potato sorting frame 3, a lifting frame 4, and a third transmission belt. The potato-separation frame 2 is located at the front end of the frame 1, and a digging shovel 22 is located at the front end of the potato-separation frame 2. A first conveyor belt 21 is located in the middle of the potato-separation frame 2. A first transmission box 12 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the digging shovel 22 by a bracket. The main drive shaft 11 is located on one side of the first transmission box 12. The main drive shaft 11 is movably connected to the output shaft of a tractor, and the tractor output shaft provides power to the first transmission box 12. A transmission mechanism 7 is located on one side of the first transmission box 12. The transmission mechanism 7 is connected to the potato-separation frame 2, the potato sorting frame 3, and the third transmission belt through chains and sprockets, respectively. The bottom end of the lifting frame 4 is hinged to the frame 1.

[0024] A potato sorting rack 3 is provided in the middle of the frame 1. A second conveyor belt 31 is provided in the middle of the potato sorting rack 3. A roller 5 is fixedly provided at the end of the second conveyor belt 31. The roller 5 can rotate inside the frame 1. A motor 13 is fixedly provided on the frame 1. The output shaft of the motor 13 is connected to the rotating shaft 52 of the roller 5.

[0025] The potato sorting rack 3 is equipped with a third potato conveyor belt 6 at its bottom, and a potato basket 8 is movably connected to the end of the third conveyor belt 6. After the potatoes on the ground are sorted by the digging shovel 22, the potato separation rack 2, and the potato sorting rack 3 in sequence, the larger potatoes fall into the elevator frame 4 after passing through the roller 5, while the smaller potatoes fall from the potato sorting rack 3 and fall into the potato basket 8 for collection via the third conveyor belt. Through this structure, the size separation of potatoes is realized, and the problem of automatically separating potatoes according to the preset potato size during the sorting process is solved.

[0026] The first conveyor belt 21 is a closed elliptical shape, and it is equipped with a baffle plate along the direction of the drive shaft to prevent potatoes from rolling off during the upward movement.

[0027] The second conveyor belt 31 is evenly equipped with multiple sorting shafts. As potatoes pass through the second conveyor belt 31, those smaller than the distance between two sorting shafts will fall onto the third conveyor belt 6, while those larger than the distance will remain on the second conveyor belt 31 until they fall into the subsequent roller 5, and finally be transported to a truck via the lifting frame 4. Preferably, the distance between adjacent sorting shafts is adjustable, allowing for potato size sorting as needed.

[0028] The potato sorting rack 3 has vertically fixed baffles 54 that tilt towards the middle on both sides. The ends of the baffles 54 are connected to the front end of the roller 5. The two baffles 54 are welded to the inner side of the potato sorting rack 3 respectively, forming an "eight" shape, to guide the potatoes on the second conveyor belt 31 into the roller 5.

[0029] The drum 5 includes a screen 51, a rotating shaft 52, and a spiral plate 53. The side wall of the drum 5 is formed by the screen 51. The spiral plate 53 is spiral-shaped and is vertically fixed on the inner wall of the drum 5, extending from the inlet of the drum 5 to the outlet of the drum 5. When the drum 5 rotates, the potatoes inside the drum 5 move along the spiral plate 53 towards the outlet. During the movement, the soil adhering to the surface of the potatoes is separated and falls through the gaps in the screen 51.

[0030] The roller 5 is conical, with an inlet diameter smaller than the outlet diameter. The rotating shaft 52 is set parallel to the ground. During rotation, the bottom of the roller 5 is tilted downward to facilitate the movement of potatoes toward the outlet.

[0031] The third conveyor belt 6 is horizontally equipped with multiple potato sorting shafts, which are connected to the transmission mechanism 7. A brush roller is sleeved on the outer circle of the potato sorting shaft. When potatoes falling from the sorting shafts of the second conveyor belt 31 into the third conveyor belt 6 pass through the potato sorting shafts of the third conveyor belt 6, the brush roller rotates and brushes away the soil adhering to the surface of the potatoes. The technical problem of removing soil adhering to the surface of freshly harvested potatoes is solved by the roller 5 and the brush roller.

[0032] The top of the lifting frame 4 is connected to the frame 1 via a telescopic rod 41, and the tilt angle of the lifting frame 4 is adjusted. The telescopic rod 41 adjusts the height of the lifting frame 4 according to the height of the truck. At the same time, a guardrail is also installed on the lifting conveyor belt 42 to prevent potatoes from falling into the truck box and getting damaged, thus solving the technical problem that potatoes are easily injured during loading.

[0033] A second transmission box 14 is fixedly installed at the end of the frame 1. The transmission mechanism 7 is connected to the second transmission box 14. The second transmission box 14 is connected to the shaft of the lifting conveyor belt 42 installed in the lifting frame 4. This invention uses a tractor output shaft and drive shaft to movably connect, transmitting the tractor's power via a sprocket and chain to a sprocket at one end of the conveyor shaft. The sprocket drives the first conveyor belt 21 of the potato separating frame 2 to rotate. The sprocket at the other end of the conveyor shaft is connected to the sprocket via a chain, and the sprocket drives the second conveyor belt 31 on the potato sorting frame 3 to rotate via the conveyor shaft. The sprocket at the other end of one end of the conveyor shaft on the second conveyor belt 31 is connected to the sprocket via a chain, and this sprocket is connected to another set of sprockets via a chain, sequentially driving 5-10 potato sorting shafts to rotate. A pulley is provided at one end of the other end of the conveyor shaft on the second conveyor belt 31, and the two pulleys are connected via a belt drive. The transmission mechanism 7 is connected to the second transmission box 14 via a sprocket, and the second transmission box 14 is fixedly connected to the conveyor shaft at one end of the lifting frame 4, thereby driving the lifting conveyor belt 42 on the lifting frame 4 to rotate, realizing the conveying and loading of large potatoes.

[0034] The bottom rear end of frame 1 is equipped with ground wheels on both sides for easy movement in the field.

[0035] The method of using this utility model is as follows: The tractor's output shaft is movably connected to the main drive shaft 11, transmitting the tractor's power via a sprocket and chain to a sprocket at one end of the potato separator 2. This sprocket drives the first conveyor belt 21 on the potato separator 2 to rotate. The conveyor belt transports potatoes of various sizes to the first conveyor belt 21 via a digging shovel 22, completing the potato separation. The first conveyor belt 21 then transports the potatoes to the second conveyor belt 31 in the middle of the potato sorting rack 3. The sorting shaft of the second conveyor belt 31, with its small spacing, allows smaller potatoes to fall into the lower sorting rack. On the third conveyor belt 6, large potatoes continue to be conveyed to the roller 5 along the second conveyor belt 31, realizing the sorting of potatoes of different sizes; on the potato sorting shaft with a brush roller fitted on the outer circumference of the third conveyor belt 6, small potatoes are cleaned by the brush roller of the third conveyor belt 6 and then loaded into the potato basket 8, while large potatoes are sieved off the soil on the surface of the potatoes by the rotation of the roller 5 and fall into the elevator frame 4, and are transported to the accompanying transport vehicle by the elevator conveyor belt 42 on the elevator frame 4 for loading; the hydraulic mechanism that is movably connected to the top of the elevator frame 4 and the top of the frame 1 can adjust the inclination and height of the inclined extension of the elevator frame 4.

[0036] This invention enables the combined operation of potato tuber digging and picking, soil-to-tubear separation, primary sorting by tuber size, and loading onto trucks. It improves productivity and efficiency while increasing the overall mechanization rate of potato production by over 10%. It overcomes the technical bottleneck of combined harvesting in the local potato production process, achieving potato size sorting and allowing for adjustable distance between sorting axes. The inclusion of brush rollers on the potato conveyor belt effectively prevents potatoes from being damaged during transport. This invention features a simple structure, a reasonable and reliable working principle, high picking and separating efficiency, convenient use and maintenance, and energy savings.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0038] Furthermore, it is clear that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units or devices recited in a device claim may also be implemented by a single unit or device through software or hardware. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used to indicate names and do not indicate any specific order.

Claims

1. A potato harvesting and sorting machine, characterized in that: The system includes a main drive shaft (11), a frame (1), a potato separator (2), a potato sorting rack (3), a lifting frame (4), and a third transmission belt. The front end of the frame (1) is equipped with a potato separator (2), and the front end of the potato separator (2) is equipped with a digging shovel (22). The middle of the potato separator (2) is equipped with a first conveyor belt (21). The upper part of the digging shovel (22) is fixedly connected to a first transmission box (12) by a bracket. The main drive shaft (11) is provided on one side of the first transmission box (12). The main drive shaft (11) is movably connected to the output shaft of the tractor, and the output shaft of the tractor provides power to the first transmission box (12). The first transmission box (12) is equipped with a transmission mechanism (7) on one side. The transmission mechanism (7) is connected to the potato separator (2), the potato sorting rack (3), and the third transmission belt by a chain and a sprocket, respectively. The bottom end of the lifting frame (4) is hinged to the frame (1). A potato sorting rack (3) is provided in the middle of the frame (1), a second conveyor belt (31) is provided in the middle of the potato sorting rack (3), a roller (5) is fixedly provided at the end of the second conveyor belt (31), the roller (5) can rotate inside the frame (1), a motor (13) is fixedly provided on the frame (1), and the output shaft of the motor (13) is connected to the rotating shaft (52) of the roller (5) through a transmission. The potato sorting rack (3) is equipped with a third potato conveyor belt (6) at the bottom, and a potato basket (8) is movably connected to the end of the third conveyor belt (6). After the potatoes on the ground are sorted by the digging shovel (22), the soil-potato separation rack (2), and the potato sorting rack (3), the larger potatoes fall into the elevator rack (4) after passing through the roller (5), and the smaller potatoes fall from the potato sorting rack (3) and fall into the potato basket (8) for collection via the third conveyor belt.

2. The potato harvesting and sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first conveyor belt (21) is a closed elliptical shape, and it is provided with an interceptor plate along the direction of the drive shaft.

3. The potato harvesting and sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second conveyor belt (31) is evenly provided with multiple sorting shafts, and the distance between two adjacent sorting shafts is adjustable.

4. A potato harvesting and sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The potato sorting rack (3) has vertically fixed baffles (54) on both sides that are inclined towards the middle, and the end of the baffles (54) is connected to the front end of the roller (5).

5. A potato harvesting and sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drum (5) includes a screen (51), a rotating shaft (52) and a spiral plate (53). The side wall of the drum (5) is made of the screen (51). The spiral plate (53) is spiral-shaped, fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drum (5) and extends from the inlet of the drum (5) to the outlet of the drum (5).

6. A potato harvesting and sorting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The roller (5) is conical, with an inlet diameter smaller than the outlet diameter, and the rotating shaft (52) is set parallel to the ground.

7. A potato harvesting and sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third conveyor belt (6) is provided with multiple potato sorting shafts in the horizontal direction. The potato sorting shafts are connected to the transmission mechanism (7), and a brush roller is sleeved on the outer circle of the potato sorting shaft.

8. A potato harvesting and sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the lifting frame (4) is connected to the frame (1) via a telescopic rod (41) and the tilt angle of the lifting frame (4) is adjusted.

9. A potato harvesting and sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the frame (1) is fixedly provided with a second transmission box (14), the transmission mechanism (7) is connected to the second transmission box (14) in a transmission connection, and the second transmission box (14) is connected to the conveyor belt shaft provided in the lifting frame (4) in a transmission connection.

10. A potato harvesting and sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) has wheels on both sides of the bottom rear end.

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