Building structure constructed based on prefabricated parts and building
By setting a waistline groove between the prefabricated exterior wall and the floor slab and embedding exterior wall decorative coverings and waterproof materials, the problem of cracking and water leakage at the junction of the exterior wall and the floor slab in prefabricated buildings is solved, realizing the integration of structure and decoration, improving the service life of the building and reducing maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522623891.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-11
AI Technical Summary
In existing multi-story prefabricated buildings, cracking and water leakage are prone to occur at the junction of the exterior wall panels and the floor slabs.
Upper and lower waistline grooves are set between the precast exterior wall and the floor slab, and exterior wall decorative coverings are embedded in the grooves. Combined with waterproof materials and concrete grout, the structure and decoration are integrated to ensure reliable connection and waterproofing.
It effectively solves the problem of cracking and water leakage at the junction of the exterior wall and the floor slab, improves the service life of prefabricated buildings and reduces maintenance costs, while achieving both decorative effect and waterproof function.
Smart Images
Figure CN223824525U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of civil engineering technology, and in particular to a building structure and building constructed based on prefabricated components. Background Technology
[0002] Prefabricated buildings are multi-story structures constructed through factory prefabrication and on-site assembly. The core challenge and difficulty of prefabricated construction lies in "connection"; therefore, the safety and integrity of prefabricated shear walls depend entirely on the reliability of the connections between components. Currently, in multi-story prefabricated buildings, cracking and leaks are prone to occur at the junction of exterior wall panels and floor slabs. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to propose a building structure and building based on prefabricated components, in order to address the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art.
[0004] A building structure based on prefabricated components, the building structure based on prefabricated components comprising:
[0005] The upper prefabricated exterior wall has a horizontally extending upper waistline groove at the bottom of its outer wall surface; the outer wall surface of the upper prefabricated exterior wall is constructed as a decorative surface.
[0006] The lower prefabricated exterior wall has a horizontally extending lower waistline groove at the top of its outer wall surface; the outer wall surface of the lower prefabricated exterior wall is constructed as a decorative surface.
[0007] Precast concrete floor slabs are embedded between the upper precast exterior wall and the lower precast exterior wall;
[0008] The exterior wall decorative covering is inserted into the upper waistline groove and the lower waistline groove from the outside, and covers the gap between the upper prefabricated exterior wall and the lower prefabricated exterior wall.
[0009] At the location of the upper waistline groove, a waterproof material is provided between the exterior wall decorative covering and the upper prefabricated exterior wall;
[0010] At the location of the lower waistline groove, a waterproof material is provided between the exterior wall decorative covering and the lower prefabricated exterior wall.
[0011] Optionally, the upper precast exterior wall is connected to the precast concrete floor slab via concrete grouting; the lower precast exterior wall is connected to the precast concrete floor slab via concrete grouting.
[0012] A concrete bedding grout is provided between the inner side of the exterior wall decorative covering and the upper precast exterior wall, the lower precast exterior wall, and the precast concrete floor slab, and a waterproof layer is provided between the concrete bedding grout and the upper precast exterior wall, the lower precast exterior wall, and the precast concrete floor slab; the waterproof layer covers the joint between the upper precast exterior wall and the precast concrete floor slab, as well as the joint between the lower precast exterior wall and the precast concrete floor slab.
[0013] Optionally, the waterproof material is a waterproof sealant.
[0014] Optionally, the inner and outer walls of the upper prefabricated exterior wall are integrally formed into a decorative surface;
[0015] The inner and outer walls of the lower prefabricated exterior wall are integrally formed to create a decorative surface.
[0016] The upper and lower surfaces of the precast concrete floor slab are integrally formed to create a decorative surface.
[0017] Optionally, the outer walls of the upper and lower prefabricated exterior walls are constructed with a bush-hammered finish; the inner walls of the upper and lower prefabricated exterior walls are constructed with a fair-faced cement finish.
[0018] Optionally, the upper surface of the precast concrete floor slab is configured with a terrazzo finish, and the lower surface of the precast concrete floor slab is configured with a matte cement finish.
[0019] Optionally, the building structure constructed based on prefabricated components further includes connectors;
[0020] The inner side of the exterior wall decorative covering is provided with a first connecting groove;
[0021] The precast concrete floor slab is provided with a second connecting groove on its edge side;
[0022] The two ends of the connector are respectively embedded in the first connecting groove and the second connecting groove to connect the exterior wall decorative covering and the precast concrete floor slab.
[0023] Optionally, the connector is a metal sheet;
[0024] Dry-hanging adhesive is filled into the first and second connecting grooves to fix the connectors extending therein.
[0025] Optionally, the edge of the precast concrete floor slab is flush with the sides of the upper and lower waistline grooves.
[0026] This application also provides a building having the above-described building structure based on prefabricated components.
[0027] In this application, the exterior wall decorative covering is inserted from the outside into the upper and lower waistline grooves, covering the gap between the upper and lower prefabricated exterior walls. At the upper waistline groove, a waterproof material is provided between the exterior wall decorative covering and the upper prefabricated exterior wall; similarly, at the lower waistline groove, a waterproof material is provided between the exterior wall decorative covering and the lower prefabricated exterior wall. The technical advantages of the building structure provided by this application are: First, it solves the problem of cracking and water leakage at the junction of the exterior wall and floor slab in prefabricated buildings, thereby improving the service life of prefabricated buildings and reducing maintenance costs. Second, at the junction of the exterior wall and floor slab, a structural and decorative integration is formed, which not only provides a decorative effect but also waterproofs the exterior wall. Attached Figure Description
[0028] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a building structure constructed based on prefabricated components in an embodiment of this application.
[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of its breakdown.
[0030] Figure 3 This is an external schematic diagram of a building structure constructed based on prefabricated components in an embodiment of this application.
[0031] Reference numerals: Upper precast exterior wall 10, upper waistline groove 11, lower precast exterior wall 20, lower waistline groove 21, precast concrete floor slab 30, second connecting groove 31, exterior wall decorative covering 40, first connecting groove 41, waterproof material 50, concrete grout 60, connector 70, waterproof layer 80. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The following are specific embodiments of this application, described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to further illustrate the technical solutions of this application. However, this application is not limited to these embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as particular configurations and components are provided merely to aid in a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of known functions and structures have been omitted.
[0033] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.
[0034] This application provides a building structure based on prefabricated components to optimize the structure at the junction of exterior walls and floor slabs in prefabricated buildings. This application solves the problem of cracking and water leakage at the junction of exterior walls and floor slabs in prefabricated buildings, thereby extending the service life of prefabricated buildings and reducing maintenance costs. Furthermore, at the junction of exterior walls and floor slabs, a structural and decorative integration is formed, providing both decorative effect and waterproofing for the exterior walls.
[0035] In this application, the upper and lower precast exterior walls, as well as the precast concrete floor slabs, are all precast components, produced in a standardized manner in a factory and then transported to the site for assembly and connection. Unlike the traditional "cast-in-place" method of erecting formwork, tying reinforcing bars, and pouring concrete on-site, precast components are mass-produced in specialized factories under strict quality control. In some designs, the finishes (such as facing bricks, paint base layers, stone, etc.) of the precast components are pre-finished in the factory, eliminating the need for on-site scaffolding for exterior decoration. Thus, only the decoration at the connection points needs to be considered during connection.
[0036] refer to Figures 1-3 The building structure based on prefabricated components includes: upper prefabricated exterior wall 10, lower prefabricated exterior wall 20, prefabricated concrete floor slab 30, and exterior wall decorative covering 40.
[0037] The bottom of the outer wall of the upper precast exterior wall 10 is provided with a horizontally extending upper waistline groove 11; the outer wall of the upper precast exterior wall 10 is constructed as a decorative surface. The top of the outer wall of the lower precast exterior wall 20 is provided with a horizontally extending lower waistline groove 21; the outer wall of the lower precast exterior wall 20 is constructed as a decorative surface. A precast concrete floor slab 30 is embedded between the upper precast exterior wall 10 and the lower precast exterior wall 20. An exterior wall decorative covering 40 is inserted from the outside into the upper waistline groove 11 and the lower waistline groove 21, covering the gap between the upper precast exterior wall 10 and the lower precast exterior wall 20. At the location of the upper waistline groove 11, a waterproof material 50 is provided between the exterior wall decorative covering 40 and the upper precast exterior wall 10; at the location of the lower waistline groove 21, a waterproof material 50 is provided between the exterior wall decorative covering 40 and the lower precast exterior wall 20.
[0038] refer to Figures 1-3The exterior wall comprises an upper precast exterior wall 10 and a lower precast exterior wall 20, marked with outer side A and inner side B. At outer side A, a horizontally extending lower waistline groove 21 is constructed at the top of the outer wall surface of the lower precast exterior wall 20, and a horizontally extending upper waistline groove 11 is constructed at the bottom of the outer wall surface of the upper precast exterior wall 10. An exterior wall decorative covering 40 extends horizontally and is inserted from outer side A into the upper waistline groove 11 and the lower waistline groove 21, covering the gap between the upper precast exterior wall 10 and the lower precast exterior wall 20. A precast concrete floor slab 30 is embedded from the inside between the upper precast exterior wall 10 and the lower precast exterior wall 20. Figure 1 In the structure shown, the edge of the precast concrete floor slab 30 is flush with the sides of the upper waistline groove 11 and the lower waistline groove 21.
[0039] Both the upper precast exterior wall 10 and the lower precast exterior wall 20 are precast shear walls. Shear walls are the main type of wall in a building used to resist horizontal loads (such as wind loads and earthquakes), acting as the building's skeleton and ensuring that the building does not undergo excessive lateral deformation or collapse under strong winds or earthquakes. Precast shear walls are produced in factories under strictly controlled production conditions, resulting in component strength, flatness, and dimensional accuracy far exceeding those of on-site construction.
[0040] The exterior wall covering 40 can serve as an exterior wall decoration structure. Additionally, a waterproof material 50 is provided between the exterior wall covering 40 and the upper precast exterior wall 10, and between the exterior wall covering 40 and the lower precast exterior wall 20. This waterproof material 50 covers the gaps between the upper and lower precast exterior wall 10, thereby sealing the junction between the exterior wall and the floor slab and preventing cracking and leakage at the junction. In one specific embodiment, the waterproof material 50 is a waterproof sealant.
[0041] In one embodiment of this application, the upper precast exterior wall 10 is connected to the precast concrete floor slab 30 via a concrete grout 60, and the lower precast exterior wall 20 is also connected to the precast concrete floor slab 30 via a concrete grout 60. The inner side of the exterior wall decorative covering 40 is connected to the upper precast exterior wall 10, the lower precast exterior wall 20, and the precast concrete floor slab 30 via a concrete grout 60. The grout is a cement mortar layer, whose main function is to fill the installation gaps between components, thereby achieving uniform load transfer.
[0042] In one embodiment of this application, a concrete bedding grout is provided between the inner side of the exterior wall decorative covering 40 and the upper precast exterior wall 10, the lower precast exterior wall 20, and the precast concrete floor slab 30. A waterproof layer 80 is provided between the concrete bedding grout and the upper precast exterior wall 10, the lower precast exterior wall 20, and the precast concrete floor slab 30. The waterproof layer 80 covers the joint between the upper precast exterior wall 10 and the precast concrete floor slab 30, as well as the joint between the lower precast exterior wall 20 and the precast concrete floor slab 30. Here, the waterproof layer 80 provides secondary waterproofing, which can further improve the waterproofing ability at the joints.
[0043] In one embodiment of this application, the inner and outer walls of the upper precast exterior wall 10 are integrally formed into a decorative surface; the inner and outer walls of the lower precast exterior wall 20 are integrally formed into a decorative surface; and the upper and lower surfaces of the precast concrete floor slab 30 are integrally formed into a decorative surface. The finishes (such as facing bricks, paint base, stone, etc.) of the precast components are prefabricated in the factory, eliminating the need for on-site scaffolding for exterior decoration. Therefore, only the decoration at the connection point needs to be considered during connection. In some technical solutions, the outer walls of the upper precast exterior wall 10 and the lower precast exterior wall 20 are constructed with a bush-hammered finish; the inner walls of the upper precast exterior wall 10 and the lower precast exterior wall 20 are constructed with a fair-faced cement finish. In some technical solutions, the upper surface of the precast concrete floor slab 30 is constructed with a terrazzo finish, and the lower surface of the precast concrete floor slab 30 is constructed with a matte fair-faced cement finish.
[0044] In one embodiment of this application, the building structure constructed based on prefabricated components further includes a connector 70; a first connecting groove 41 is provided on the inner side of the exterior wall decorative covering 40; a second connecting groove 31 is provided on the edge side of the prefabricated concrete floor slab 30; both ends of the connector 70 are respectively embedded into the first connecting groove 41 and the second connecting groove 31 to connect the exterior wall decorative covering 40 and the prefabricated concrete floor slab 30. This connection structure makes the exterior wall decorative covering 40 more stable and reliable, preventing the exterior wall decorative covering 40 from falling off.
[0045] In one embodiment of this application, the connector 70 is a metal sheet. Dry-hanging adhesive is filled in the first connecting groove 41 and the second connecting groove 31 to fix the connector 70 extending therein.
[0046] In this application, the upper precast exterior wall 10, the lower precast exterior wall 20, and the precast concrete floor slab 30 are precast in a factory and then transported to the site for construction. The construction process includes the following steps.
[0047] Step 1: Embed the precast concrete floor slab between the upper precast exterior wall and the lower precast exterior wall 20.
[0048] Step 2: Fill the first and second connecting grooves with dry-hanging adhesive.
[0049] Step 3: Install the exterior wall covering. At the same time, embed both ends of the connector into the first connecting groove and the second connecting groove respectively to connect the exterior wall covering and the precast concrete floor slab.
[0050] Step 4: Add waterproof material between the exterior wall decorative covering and the upper precast exterior wall at the upper waistline groove; add waterproof material between the exterior wall decorative covering and the lower precast exterior wall at the lower waistline groove.
[0051] It should be understood that the above construction method is merely an illustrative one, including only some main steps, and the construction steps can be adjusted according to actual needs, and some construction steps can also be incorporated as needed.
[0052] This application also provides a building having the above-described building structure based on prefabricated components, which is a multi-story building.
[0053] The building structure includes an upper precast exterior wall, a lower precast exterior wall, precast concrete floor slabs, and exterior wall decorative coverings. The bottom of the outer side of the upper precast exterior wall has a horizontally extending upper groove; the outer side of the upper precast exterior wall is finished. The top of the outer side of the lower precast exterior wall has a horizontally extending lower groove; the outer side of the lower precast exterior wall is finished. Precast concrete floor slabs are embedded between the upper and lower precast exterior walls. Exterior wall decorative coverings are inserted from the outside into the upper and lower grooves, covering the spaces between the upper and lower precast exterior walls. Waterproofing material is applied between the exterior wall decorative coverings and the upper precast exterior wall at the upper groove location; waterproofing material is also applied between the exterior wall decorative coverings and the lower precast exterior wall at the lower groove location.
[0054] In summary, in this application, the exterior wall decorative covering is installed from the outside into the upper and lower waistline grooves, covering the gap between the upper and lower prefabricated exterior walls. At the upper waistline groove, a waterproof material is provided between the exterior wall decorative covering and the upper prefabricated exterior wall; similarly, at the lower waistline groove, a waterproof material is provided between the exterior wall decorative covering and the lower prefabricated exterior wall. The technical advantages of the building structure provided by this application are: First, it solves the problem of cracking and water leakage at the junction of the exterior wall and floor slab in prefabricated buildings, thereby increasing the service life of prefabricated buildings and reducing maintenance costs. Second, at the junction of the exterior wall and floor slab, a structural and decorative integration is formed, which serves both a decorative effect and waterproofing the exterior wall.
[0055] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.
[0056] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0057] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples of the technical solutions of this application. Those skilled in the art to which this application pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, but without departing from the scope defined by the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A building structure based on prefabricated components, characterized in that, The building structure based on prefabricated components includes: The upper prefabricated exterior wall has a horizontally extending upper waistline groove at the bottom of its outer wall surface; the outer wall surface of the upper prefabricated exterior wall is constructed as a decorative surface. The lower prefabricated exterior wall has a horizontally extending lower waistline groove at the top of its outer wall surface; the outer wall surface of the lower prefabricated exterior wall is constructed as a decorative surface. Precast concrete floor slabs are embedded between the upper precast exterior wall and the lower precast exterior wall; The exterior wall decorative covering is inserted into the upper waistline groove and the lower waistline groove from the outside, and covers the gap between the upper prefabricated exterior wall and the lower prefabricated exterior wall. At the location of the upper waistline groove, a waterproof material is provided between the exterior wall decorative covering and the upper prefabricated exterior wall; At the location of the lower waistline groove, a waterproof material is provided between the exterior wall decorative covering and the lower prefabricated exterior wall.
2. The building structure based on prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper precast exterior wall is connected to the precast concrete floor slab via concrete grouting; the lower precast exterior wall is connected to the precast concrete floor slab via concrete grouting. A concrete bedding grout is provided between the inner side of the exterior wall decorative covering and the upper precast exterior wall, the lower precast exterior wall, and the precast concrete floor slab, and a waterproof layer is provided between the concrete bedding grout and the upper precast exterior wall, the lower precast exterior wall, and the precast concrete floor slab; the waterproof layer covers the joint between the upper precast exterior wall and the precast concrete floor slab, as well as the joint between the lower precast exterior wall and the precast concrete floor slab.
3. The building structure based on prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waterproof material is a waterproof sealant.
4. The building structure based on prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner and outer walls of the upper prefabricated exterior wall are integrally formed to create a decorative surface; The inner and outer walls of the lower prefabricated exterior wall are integrally formed to create a decorative surface. The upper and lower surfaces of the precast concrete floor slab are integrally formed to create a decorative surface.
5. The building structure based on prefabricated components according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer surfaces of the upper and lower prefabricated exterior walls are constructed with a bush-hammered finish; the inner surfaces of the upper and lower prefabricated exterior walls are constructed with a fair-faced cement finish.
6. The building structure based on prefabricated components according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper surface of the precast concrete floor slab is constructed with a terrazzo finish, and the lower surface of the precast concrete floor slab is constructed with a matte cement finish.
7. The building structure based on prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The building structure constructed based on prefabricated components also includes connectors; The inner side of the exterior wall decorative covering is provided with a first connecting groove; The precast concrete floor slab is provided with a second connecting groove on its edge side; The two ends of the connector are respectively embedded in the first connecting groove and the second connecting groove to connect the exterior wall decorative covering and the precast concrete floor slab.
8. The building structure based on prefabricated components according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connector is a metal sheet; Dry-hanging adhesive is filled into the first and second connecting grooves to fix the connectors extending therein.
9. The building structure based on prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge of the precast concrete floor slab is flush with the sides of the upper and lower waistline grooves.
10. A building, characterized in that, The building has a building structure based on prefabricated components as described in any one of claims 1-9.