Efficient combustion type engine based on combination of isothermal compression and adiabatic compression

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-efficiency combustion type engine based on isothermal and adiabatic compression combination. The high-efficiency combustion type engine comprises an isothermal compressor unit, a cooler unit, an adiabatic compressor, an expansion unit, a combustion chamber, a motor, a generator, a circulating working medium, a fuel working medium and connecting pipelines among the components, a working medium inlet of the isothermal compressor unit is directly communicated with air, and a working medium outlet of the isothermal compressor unit is communicated with a working medium inlet of the adiabatic compressor; a working medium outlet of the adiabatic compressor is communicated with an inlet of the combustion chamber; in this way, ambient air firstly enters the multi-stage isothermal compressor unit to be gradually compressed, the temperature is reduced through the special cooler after each stage of compression, near-isothermal compression is achieved in the compression process, and the temperature rise effect of traditional adiabatic compression is reduced; after the pressure of the air subjected to isothermal compression is increased to the preset pressure, the air directly enters the adiabatic compressor for final-stage pressurization, the pressurized final compressed air enters the combustion chamber to be mixed with fuel for combustion, and combustion products are discharged to fully expand in the expansion unit to do work.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of engine, especially relates to a high -efficient combustion formula engine based on the combination of isothermal and adiabatic compression. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of energy power, the traditional gas turbine and compressed air energy storage (CAES) system has long been facing the challenges of efficiency bottleneck and system complexity. The gas turbine relies on the adiabatic compression process, resulting in the energy consumption of the compression stage accounting for 50%-60% of the total output power of the system, and the high-temperature exhaust gas waste heat is difficult to recover efficiently. While large-scale CAES systems can achieve energy storage, they are limited by compression heat loss and site selection requirements for underground gas storage, and their cycle efficiency is usually only 40%-50%. In recent years, isothermal compression technology has been applied in limited scenarios through cooling and other means, but existing solutions are mostly limited to simple compression or low-pressure working conditions, and have not been deeply integrated with combustion power systems. In addition, conventional combustion chambers generally have the problem of increased nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions under high-pressure conditions, and the coordinated control technology of staged compression and combustion is not mature. In view of the above problems, although some research attempts to improve system performance through regenerators, intermediate cooling, etc., it often comes at the cost of increasing system complexity, making it difficult to balance efficiency improvement and economic needs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new power cycle architecture that can integrate efficient compression, clean combustion, and compact design to break through the inherent limitations of existing technologies in terms of high energy consumption, high emissions, and infrastructure dependence. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model provides a kind of high -efficient combustion formula engine based on the combination of isothermal and adiabatic compression, the innovative solution of existing isothermal and adiabatic compression technology and combustion coordination, which has broken through the core pain points of high compression power consumption of gas turbine and large heat loss of compressed air energy storage system.

[0004] The specific description is as follows: a kind of high -efficient combustion formula engine based on the combination of isothermal and adiabatic compression, including isothermal compressor unit, cooler group, adiabatic compressor, expander unit, combustion chamber, motor, generator, circulating working medium, fuel working medium and the connecting pipeline between them;The working medium inlet of the isothermal compressor unit is directly communicated with air, and the working medium outlet thereof is communicated with the working medium inlet of the adiabatic compressor;The working medium outlet of the adiabatic compressor is communicated with the inlet of the combustion chamber;The outlet of the combustion chamber is communicated with the inlet of the expander unit;The outlet of the expander unit is directly communicated with the environment;The isothermal compressor unit is a plurality of isothermal compressors;The cooler group includes a plurality of coolers, and the coolers of the cooler group are installed on the compressed working medium pipeline between every two isothermal compressors of the isothermal compressor unit.

[0005] Furthermore, the circulating working fluid is air, the working fluid inlet of the first-stage isothermal compressor of the isothermal compressor unit is directly connected to the ambient air, and the outlet of the last-stage expander of the expander unit is directly connected to the ambient air.

[0006] Furthermore, the working fluid is natural gas, biomethane, or liquefied petroleum gas. The working fluid is fed into the combustion chamber through the fuel inlet and fully mixed and burned with the air compressed by the adiabatic compressor. The combustion products drive the expander unit to do work.

[0007] Furthermore, the isothermal compressor unit is a multi-stage isothermal compressor, with each stage of the isothermal compressor connected coaxially in series; the working fluid outlet of the last stage isothermal compressor is connected to the working fluid inlet of the adiabatic compressor.

[0008] Furthermore, the inlet of the circulating working fluid channel of the cooler assembly is connected to the working fluid outlet of the previous stage isothermal compressor, and the outlet is connected to the working fluid inlet of the next stage isothermal compressor.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a cooling tower, on which all the coolers of the cooler group are connected in parallel.

[0010] Furthermore, the electric motor is electrically connected to the isothermal compressor unit; the generator is electrically connected to the expander unit.

[0011] Compared to existing technologies, the synergistic design of isothermal-adiabatic compression and combustion maximizes the efficiency of the compression stage; the circulating working fluid directly utilizes ambient air, avoiding the working fluid purification costs of closed-loop systems, making it suitable for rapid start-up and shutdown applications. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a high-efficiency combustion engine based on a combination of isothermal and adiabatic compression. Figure One .

[0014] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a high-efficiency combustion engine based on a combination of isothermal and adiabatic compression. Figure Two .

[0015] The numbers in the above diagram represent the following meanings: 1. Isothermal compressor unit; 2. Cooler unit; 3. Cooling tower; 4. Insulated compressor; 5. Expander unit; 6. Combustion chamber; 7. Electric motor; 8. Generator. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be described in detail below.

[0017] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0018] Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. To facilitate understanding of the embodiments, various embodiments or implementation methods are provided below to illustrate the related devices, modules, and functions of this utility model.

[0019] To enable readers of this embodiment to quickly understand the implementation of this utility model, the appendix is ​​provided below. Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The working principle expressed is explained.

[0020] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a high-efficiency combustion engine based on combined isothermal and adiabatic compression includes: an isothermal compressor unit 1, a cooler unit 2, a cooling tower 3, an adiabatic compressor 4, an expander unit 5, a combustion chamber 6, an electric motor 7, a generator 8, a circulating working fluid, a fuel working fluid, and connecting pipes between them. The working fluid inlet of the isothermal compressor unit 1 is directly connected to air, and the working fluid outlet of the isothermal compressor unit 1 is connected to the working fluid inlet of the adiabatic compressor 4. The working fluid outlet of the adiabatic compressor 4 is connected to the inlet of the combustion chamber 6. The outlet of the combustion chamber 6 is connected to the inlet of the expander unit 5. The outlet of the expander unit 5 is directly connected to the environment. The circulating working fluid is air. The fuel working fluid is natural gas, biomethane, or liquefied petroleum gas. The fuel working fluid is fed into the combustion chamber 6 through the fuel inlet and thoroughly mixed with the air compressed by the adiabatic compressor 4. At this time, the compressed air acts as a combustion aid, causing the fuel to burn in the combustion chamber 6, producing high-temperature and high-pressure combustion products to drive the expander unit 5 to do work.

[0021] The electric motor 7 is electrically connected to the isothermal compressor unit 1. The electric motor 7 provides power to the isothermal compressor unit 1 to drive its operation, thereby compressing air.

[0022] The generator 8 is electrically connected to the expander unit 5, which is an adiabatic expander unit that generates mechanical energy through the expansion of gas. The generator 8 converts this mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0023] The isothermal compressor unit 1 is a multi-stage isothermal compressor, with each isothermal compressor connected coaxially in series. The working fluid inlet of the first-stage isothermal compressor of the isothermal compressor unit 1 is directly connected to the ambient air, and the outlet of the last-stage isothermal compressor of the isothermal compressor unit 1 is connected to the working fluid inlet of the adiabatic compressor 4.

[0024] The circulating working fluid channel of the cooler in cooler group 2 is installed on the working fluid pipeline between every two stages of the isothermal compressor in isothermal compressor group 1. The inlet of the circulating working fluid channel of the cooler in cooler group 2 is connected to the working fluid outlet of the isothermal compressor of the previous stage in isothermal compressor group 1, and the outlet is connected to the working fluid inlet of the next stage isothermal compressor. All coolers in cooler group 2 are connected in parallel on cooling tower 3. Cooling tower 3 provides cooling water to the coolers in cooler group 2, dissipating the heat generated by the compressor of isothermal compressor group 1 to the outside, keeping the compression process at a low temperature, and achieving approximate "isothermal compression".

[0025] The function of the isothermal compressor unit 1 is to draw in working fluid air and perform multi-stage isothermal compression on the working fluid air to increase the working fluid pressure.

[0026] The working principle of the engine of this utility model is as follows: The electric motor 7 drives the isothermal compressor unit 1 to start working. Air in the environment is drawn into the first stage compressor of the isothermal compressor unit 1. After being compressed in the first stage compressor, the temperature of the air will rise. The air discharged from the first stage compressor of the isothermal compressor unit 1 directly enters the first stage cooler of the cooler unit 2. Here, the cooling water provided by the cooling tower 3 will exchange heat with the air, thus lowering its temperature. The cooled air then enters the second stage compressor, is compressed again, and then enters the second stage cooler for further cooling. This process is repeated multiple times between the isothermal compressor unit 1 and the cooler unit 2, and the air is compressed and cooled stage by stage, achieving near-isothermal compression. After multi-stage compression and cooling, the air is discharged from the last stage compressor of the isothermal compressor unit 1 and enters the adiabatic compressor 4 for adiabatic compression. The high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged from the adiabatic compressor 4 directly enters the combustion chamber 6. At the same time, fuel is also sent into the combustion chamber 6 to mix and burn fully with the compressed air. The combustion products produced after full combustion have a rapidly rising temperature and pressure. Subsequently, the combustion products discharged from combustion chamber 6 enter expander unit 5, driving the expander unit to perform work in stages until the temperature and pressure of the combustion products approach room temperature air, maximizing the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy. Expander unit 5 drives generator 8 to operate, outputting electrical energy. The combustion products after the work is done are discharged from the last stage expander of expander unit 5 into the environment. This cycle repeats continuously (air first undergoes multiple stages of isothermal compression, then adiabatic compression, then acts as a combustion aid in combustion chamber 6 for complete combustion with fuel, and finally the combustion products drive the expander unit for multiple stages of expansion), completing the entire engine operation.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the isothermal compressor unit 1, the adiabatic compressor 4, and the expander unit 5 are connected in series on the same axis.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the isothermal compressor unit 1 and the adiabatic compressor 4 are connected in series coaxially.

[0029] At the same time, isothermal compressor unit 1 and expander unit 5, and adiabatic compressor 4 and expander unit 5 can be connected in series coaxially.

[0030] The main purpose of employing multi-stage compression, as described above, is to prevent the temperature from rising too high during compression, as we need to achieve "approximate" isothermal compression. The entire compression process is completed by isothermal compressor unit 1. To achieve this approximate isothermal compression, we use a thermal circulation system: coolers from cooler unit 2 are installed between every two compressor stages. The heat generated during the compression of the circulating medium by each compressor stage is carried away by cooling water and sent to cooling tower 3 to dissipate into the environment. In this way, the heat generated after each compression stage can be dissipated in a timely manner, thereby maintaining a relatively stable temperature during the compression process and achieving "approximate" isothermal compression.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency combustion engine based on a combination of isothermal and adiabatic compression, characterized in that: The system includes an isothermal compressor unit, a cooler unit, an adiabatic compressor, an expander unit, a combustion chamber, an electric motor, a generator, a circulating working fluid, a fuel working fluid, and connecting pipelines between them. The working fluid inlet of the isothermal compressor unit is directly connected to air, and its working fluid outlet is connected to the working fluid inlet of the adiabatic compressor. The working fluid outlet of the adiabatic compressor is connected to the combustion chamber inlet. The combustion chamber outlet is connected to the expander unit inlet. The expander unit outlet is directly connected to the environment. The isothermal compressor unit is a multi-stage isothermal compressor. The cooler unit includes multiple coolers, and the coolers of the cooler unit are installed on the working fluid pipeline between every two stages of the isothermal compressor unit.

2. The high-efficiency combustion engine based on isothermal and adiabatic compression combined as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating working fluid is air. The working fluid inlet of the first-stage isothermal compressor of the isothermal compressor unit is directly connected to the ambient air, and the outlet of the last-stage expander of the expander unit is directly connected to the ambient air.

3. The high-efficiency combustion engine based on isothermal and adiabatic compression combined as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The working fluid is natural gas, biomethane, or liquefied petroleum gas. The working fluid is fed into the combustion chamber through the fuel inlet and is fully mixed and burned with the air compressed by the adiabatic compressor. The combustion products drive the expander unit to do work.

4. The high-efficiency combustion engine based on isothermal and adiabatic compression combined as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The isothermal compressor unit is a multi-stage isothermal compressor, with each stage of the isothermal compressor connected coaxially in series; the working fluid outlet of the last stage isothermal compressor is connected to the working fluid inlet of the adiabatic compressor.

5. The high-efficiency combustion engine based on isothermal and adiabatic compression combined as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the circulating working fluid channel of the cooler group is connected to the working fluid outlet of the previous stage isothermal compressor, and the outlet is connected to the working fluid inlet of the next stage isothermal compressor.

6. The high-efficiency combustion engine based on isothermal and adiabatic compression combined as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling tower, on which all the coolers of the cooler group are connected in parallel.

7. The high-efficiency combustion engine based on isothermal and adiabatic compression combined as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electric motor is electrically connected to the isothermal compressor unit; the generator is electrically connected to the expander unit.

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