Multi-dimensional load overload simulation test bench

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multidimensional load overload simulation test bench comprising a pedestal, a guide rail mechanism is arranged on the pedestal, and the guide rail mechanism comprises a slide rail and a slide block in slide fit with the slide rail; the fixed bracket is fixedly mounted on the base; the fixed support is provided with a flange ring used for being connected with a flange at the tail end of a to-be-tested part. The movable support is hinged to the sliding block through a connecting piece; the movable support is provided with a plurality of first linear actuators which are used for clamping or loosening a to-be-tested part. The loading system comprises a plurality of second linear actuators; the two ends of each second linear actuator are in spherical fit with the fixed support and the movable support respectively. Wherein a multi-dimensional load can be applied to the clamped to-be-tested part by controlling the telescopic motion of the output shafts of the plurality of second linear actuators. The device can apply multi-dimensional loads to parts such as a transmission shaft at the same time according to test requirements, and the test reliability is improved to a certain extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of static balance testing technology for mechanical structures, and in particular to a multi-dimensional load overload simulation test bench. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of static balancing testing technology for mechanical structures, simulation test benches are widely used to verify the mechanical properties and durability of components such as drive shafts under actual operating conditions. These benches simulate the service conditions of the parts under test by applying loads in a controlled environment, thereby providing crucial data support for product design and improvement. Especially when evaluating the safety performance of components under extreme operating conditions, it is necessary to simulate their ability to withstand instantaneous or continuous overloads, i.e., verifying the structural integrity and reliability of components under conditions exceeding their rated operating loads. Developments in this technological field are dedicated to improving the realism, efficiency, and automation of testing.

[0003] Existing simulation testing devices often employ a fixed structure, applying a single-direction load, such as pure axial force or pure bending moment, to the test part through one or a few actuators. Such devices have limitations in simulating complex working conditions, making it difficult to reproduce the multi-directional composite loads experienced by the test part in real-world operations. This leads to deviations between the test conditions and actual conditions, affecting the comprehensiveness of the evaluation results.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a simulation test bench device that can apply multidimensional loads, has good adaptability, and has high control accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the above issues and overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-dimensional load overload simulation test bench. This bench can simultaneously apply multi-dimensional loads to components such as drive shafts according to test requirements, thereby improving the reliability of the test to a certain extent.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This utility model provides a multi-dimensional load overload simulation test bench, comprising:

[0008] A base, on which a guide rail mechanism is provided, the guide rail mechanism including a slide rail and a slider that slides with the slide rail;

[0009] A fixed bracket is fixedly installed on the base; the fixed bracket is provided with a flange ring for connecting to the end flange of the part to be tested.

[0010] A movable support is hinged to the slider via a connector at its lower part that is connected by a floating connecting spring; a plurality of first linear actuators are mounted on the movable support for clamping or releasing the part to be tested;

[0011] A loading system, the loading system comprising a plurality of second linear actuators; one end of each second linear actuator is connected to a fixed bracket via a ball joint connector to form a spherical fit, and the other end is connected to a movable bracket via a ball joint connector to form a spherical fit.

[0012] in,

[0013] By controlling the extension and retraction states of multiple output shafts of the second linear actuators, multidimensional loads can be applied to the clamped part under test.

[0014] Furthermore, the second linear actuator is arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical plane passing through the center of the flange ring.

[0015] Furthermore, the number of the second linear actuators is at least four.

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of the first linear actuators are distributed circumferentially along the movable bracket, and the extension and retraction direction of the output shaft of each first linear actuator is arranged radially along the movable bracket.

[0017] Furthermore, the loading system further includes:

[0018] Multiple third linear actuators, one end of which is hinged to the base and the other end of which is hinged to the movable bracket;

[0019] in,

[0020] By controlling the extension and retraction of the output shaft of the third linear actuator, the height of the movable support can be changed to apply a gravitational load to the end of the part under test.

[0021] Furthermore, the third linear actuator is arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical plane passing through the center of the flange ring.

[0022] Furthermore, the number of the third linear actuators is at least two.

[0023] Furthermore, the loading system further includes:

[0024] A force sensor, which is attached to the part to be tested, is used to monitor the stress or strain of the part to be tested;

[0025] A displacement sensor is used to monitor the displacement of the part under test or the movable support.

[0026] The controller is electrically connected to the force sensor, the displacement sensor, the second linear actuator, and the third linear actuator;

[0027] The controller is configured as follows:

[0028] In response to the feedback signals from the force sensor and the displacement sensor, and according to a preset load spectrum, the outputs of the second linear actuator and the third linear actuator are adjusted in real time.

[0029] Furthermore, the movable support further includes:

[0030] Two clamping assemblies are disposed opposite to each other on the movable support for clamping the part to be tested; each clamping assembly includes a sliding frame fixed to the movable support and a sliding clamp slidably connected to the sliding frame; the sliding clamp is connected to the output shaft of the corresponding first linear actuator via a connecting rod.

[0031] in,

[0032] When the output shaft of the first linear actuator extends or retracts, it can drive the two sliding clamps to move closer to each other to clamp the part to be tested, or to move away from each other to release the part to be tested, via the connecting rod.

[0033] Furthermore, it further includes:

[0034] The fourth linear actuator, with one end mounted on the base and the other end hinged to the connector of the movable bracket, is used to drive the movable bracket to move along the slide rail to adjust its initial position.

[0035] This utility model has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0036] This invention employs a guide rail mechanism mounted on the base, comprising a slide rail and a slider, to guide the linear movement of the movable support. It also utilizes a flange ring on the fixed support for connecting the end of the part to be tested. Simultaneously, multiple first linear actuators are mounted on the movable support for reliably clamping or releasing the part to be tested. The loading system employs multiple second linear actuators connected between the fixed and movable supports. Overall, this invention can apply multi-dimensional loads to the clamped part to be tested by coordinating the extension and retraction of the output shafts of multiple second linear actuators, thereby simulating more complex actual working conditions.

[0037] In addition, this invention employs a structure that adds two third linear actuators to the loading system. One end of each actuator is hinged to the base, and the other end is hinged to the movable support. Overall, by controlling the telescopic movement of the third linear actuators, a vertical driving force can be provided to the movable support and the clamped parts, thereby expanding the loading dimension of the device and enabling it to simulate working conditions including gravitational loads.

[0038] Furthermore, this invention employs a structure that integrates a force sensor and a displacement sensor in the loading system, and configures them for electrical connection with the controller. The controller is configured to respond to the signals from the force and displacement sensors and adjust the actuator output according to a preset load spectrum. Overall, this closed-loop control method can monitor the force and displacement state of the part under test in real time and adjust the load output accordingly, which helps to improve the accuracy of load control and the repeatability of the testing process. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the multi-dimensional load overload simulation test bench structure;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a front view of the movable bracket and the first linear actuator (the first linear actuator is mounted on the movable bracket; the movable bracket is mounted on the connector).

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component structure;

[0044] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the installation of the movable bracket and clamping components;

[0045] Figure 6 Right view of the multidimensional load overload simulation test bench.

[0046] Figure label:

[0047] 1-Base; 11-Slide rail; 12-Slider;

[0048] 2-Fixed bracket; 21-Flange ring;

[0049] 3-Modible bracket; 301-Floating connecting spring; 302-Limit pin; 31-Connector; 311-Limit cavity; 32-First linear actuator; 33-Clamping assembly; 331-Sliding frame; 332-Sliding clamp; 333-Connecting rod;

[0050] 4-Loading system; 41-Second linear actuator; 411-Second linear actuator A; 412-Second linear actuator B; 413-Second linear actuator C; 414-Second linear actuator D; 42-Third linear actuator;

[0051] 5-Fourth linear actuator. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0053] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0054] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0055] In this utility model, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", and "bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to facilitate the description of the structural relationship between the various parts or elements of this utility model and do not specifically refer to any part or element in this utility model. They should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0056] In this utility model, terms such as "fixed", "connected", and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, indicating that it can be a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For relevant scientific researchers or technicians in this field, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be determined according to the specific circumstances, and should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0057] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below.

[0058] This utility model discloses a multidimensional load overload simulation test bench. The device mainly includes a base 1, a fixed support 2, a movable support 3, and a loading system 4. The fixed support 2 and the movable support 3 are mounted on the base 1 and are used to clamp the part to be tested (not shown in the figure); the loading system 4 is used to apply multidimensional loads to the clamped part to be tested. Details are as follows:

[0059] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the multi-dimensional load overload simulation test bench structure. To facilitate the description of the spatial relationship between the components and the direction of load application, a right-handed rectangular coordinate system XYZ is established in the figure. The positive X-axis is defined by the contraction direction of the output shaft of the second linear actuator 41; the positive Y-axis is defined by the extension direction of the output shaft of the third linear actuator; and the positive Z-axis is determined according to the right-hand rule. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure.

[0060] The base 1, serving as the supporting foundation for the entire device, is typically constructed from welded structural steel. A guide rail mechanism is mounted on the base 1, comprising at least two parallel slide rails 11 and sliders 12 that mate with the slide rails 11. The sliders 12 may contain a ball or roller circulation mechanism to ensure smooth movement of the moving parts.

[0061] The fixed bracket 2 is fixed to one end of the base 1 by bolts. A flange ring 21 is provided on the fixed bracket 2, which is used to connect to the standard flange at the end of the part to be tested. In this embodiment, the flange ring 21 is installed on the fixed bracket 2 by locating pins and bolts, and its axis is parallel to the guide rail mechanism.

[0062] The movable support 3 is elastically connected to the connecting member 31 via multiple floating connecting springs 301 at its bottom. The connecting member 31 and the slider 12 are hinged together via a spherical bearing, thus forming a composite motion mechanism that allows the movable support 3 to perform translational and rotational displacements relative to the base 1 in multiple degrees of freedom. To constrain the displacement range of the movable support 3, a limiting pin 302 is provided on the side of the movable support 3; correspondingly, a limiting cavity 311 is formed on the connecting member 31 to accommodate the limiting pin 302. The displacement range of the movable support 3 is limited by the travel range of the limiting pin 302 within the limiting cavity 311.

[0063] In this embodiment, there are two connectors 31, located on both sides of the movable bracket 3. The movable bracket 3 can rotate around the hinge point between the connector 31 and the slider 12.

[0064] Figure 3 This is a front view of the movable bracket 3 and the first linear actuator 32 (the first linear actuator is mounted on the movable bracket; the movable bracket is mounted on the connector).

[0065] Multiple first linear actuators 32 are mounted on the movable support 3 for clamping large parts to be measured. The first linear actuators 32 are distributed circumferentially along the movable support 3, and their output shafts are arranged radially along the movable support 3. The first linear actuators 32 can be electric servo cylinders or hydraulic cylinders. In this embodiment, the number of first linear actuators 32 is six; in other embodiments, four or eight actuators can also be used to accommodate parts to be measured of different diameters.

[0066] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component 33. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the movable bracket 3 and the clamping assembly 33.

[0067] To improve the clamping stability and reliability of small-sized transmission shaft-type test parts, two clamping assemblies 33 are symmetrically arranged on the movable bracket 3. Each clamping assembly 33 includes a sliding frame 331, a sliding clamp 332, and a connecting rod 333. The sliding frame 331 is fixedly mounted to the mounting base of the movable bracket 3 with bolts; the sliding clamp 332 is slidably connected to the sliding frame 331 via a linear guide pair; one end of the connecting rod 333 is connected to the sliding clamp 332, and the other end is connected to the output shaft of the corresponding first linear actuator 32. Based on this structure, when the output shaft of the corresponding first linear actuator 32 moves linearly, its driving force is transmitted through the connecting rod 333, which can synchronously drive the two sliding clamps 332 to move towards or away from each other, thereby achieving automatic centering, clamping, and release of the test part. In addition, a wear-resistant pad made of copper-based or engineering plastic material can be embedded on the clamping surface of the sliding clamp 332. This wear-resistant pad can enhance the clamping reliability by increasing the coefficient of friction, and at the same time protect the surface of the part to be tested from mechanical damage.

[0068] Figure 6 This is a right view of a multidimensional load overload simulation test bench. The coordinate system XYZ shown in the figure has its axes defined and its positive directions aligned with the x, y, and z axes. Figure 1 The right-handed rectangular coordinate system established in the original text remains consistent. That is... Figure 6 The direction of observation is Figure 1 Along the negative Z-axis of the coordinate system.

[0069] The loading system 4 is used to apply a load to the clamped part under test, and includes multiple second linear actuators 41 and a third linear actuator 42. The second linear actuators 41 and the third linear actuator 42 can be either electric servo cylinders or hydraulic cylinders.

[0070] One end of each second linear actuator 41 is connected to the fixed bracket 2 via a ball joint, forming a spherical fit, and the other end is connected to the movable bracket 3 via a ball joint, forming a spherical fit. The function of the second linear actuator 41 is to drive the movable bracket 3 to produce displacement or attitude changes relative to the fixed bracket 2 through the extension and retraction of its output shaft, thereby forming a load transmission path that can deflect at multiple angles. In this embodiment, the multiple second linear actuators 41 are distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner with respect to the vertical plane passing through the center of the flange ring 21. This arrangement helps to apply the load symmetrically.

[0071] In this embodiment, there are four second linear actuators 41: A411, B412, C413, and D414, which are distributed clockwise around the flange ring 21. By coordinating and controlling the displacement of the output shafts of the four second linear actuators 41, multidimensional loads can be applied to the clamped part under test, simulating the complex stress state it experiences in actual working conditions. In this embodiment, the load can be applied according to the following control method:

[0072] (1) When the extension and retraction states of the output shafts of the second linear actuators A411, B412, C413 and D414 are consistent, a tensile or compressive load along the X-axis can be applied to the part to be tested.

[0073] (2) When the output shafts of the second linear actuator A411 and the second linear actuator B412 are in the first extension state (e.g., the output shafts are in the extended state), and the output shafts of the second linear actuator C413 and the second linear actuator D414 are in the second extension state (e.g., the output shafts are in the retracted state), the two sets of actuators form axial forces in opposite directions, thereby applying a bending moment about the Z-axis to the part to be measured.

[0074] The aforementioned basic load modes can be coupled by combining control algorithms to enable forces and moments in different directions to act simultaneously on the part under test, thereby achieving accurate simulation of spatial composite loads.

[0075] In other embodiments, the number of second linear actuators 41 may also be six or eight to provide greater load capacity or more complex load synthesis paths.

[0076] In addition, the loading system 4 further includes multiple third linear actuators 42. One end of each third linear actuator 42 is hinged to the base 1, and the other end is hinged to the movable support 3. The third linear actuators 42 are also arranged symmetrically, and the angle between their axes and the vertical plane can be adjusted within the range of 0° to 30°. In this embodiment, there are two third linear actuators 42, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the movable support 3. By coordinating and controlling the telescopic movement of the third linear actuators 42, the movable support 3 can be driven to translate along the Y-axis, thereby applying an axial load along the negative Y-axis direction to the clamped part under test. This load is applied in the same direction as gravity and can be used to simulate the working load borne by the part under test in the vertical direction.

[0077] In addition, a measurement and control system is integrated into the loading system 4. The measurement and control system includes a force sensor, a displacement sensor, and a controller (not shown in the figure). The force sensor is a resistance strain gauge or piezoelectric sensor, which can be attached to the surface of the part to be measured; the displacement sensor can be an optical or magnetic scale, used to monitor the displacement of the part to be measured or the movable support 3. The controller uses an industrial PLC or a dedicated motion controller, which communicates in real time with the force sensor, the displacement sensor, the second linear actuator 41, and the third linear actuator 42. Based on the signals fed back from the force and displacement sensors, the controller can adjust the output of each actuator in real time according to a preset load spectrum, forming a closed-loop control. This control method improves the accuracy of load control and the repeatability of the testing process to a certain extent.

[0078] The device also includes a fourth linear actuator 5, which can be either an electric servo cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, used to adjust the initial position of the movable support 3. One end of the fourth linear actuator 5 is fixed to the base 1, and the other end is connected to the connecting piece 31 of the movable support 3 via a hinge. By controlling the extension and retraction of the fourth linear actuator 5, the movable support 3 can be driven to move along the slide rail 11, thereby adjusting the distance between the movable support 3 and the fixed support 2 to accommodate test parts of different lengths. After the position of the movable support 3 is adjusted, the slider 12 can be fixed by a mechanical locking device to ensure that the basic position of the movable support 3 remains stable during the test.

[0079] Overall, this embodiment of the invention achieves precise loading of multi-dimensional loads (e.g., translation along the X-axis, lifting along the Y-axis, and bending along the Z-axis) on the test part through the coordinated operation of the aforementioned components. The symmetrically arranged actuator system and precise closed-loop control ensure more uniform and accurate load application. Simultaneously, the structural design of the detachable clamping assembly 33 and the adjustable multiple first linear actuators 32 enhance the adaptability of the equipment. The organic combination of these technical features enables the test bench to simulate the test part's ability to withstand instantaneous or continuous overloads when evaluating its safety performance under extreme conditions, and to verify the structural integrity and reliability of the test part under conditions exceeding its rated operating load.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional load overload simulation test bench, characterized in that, include: The base (1) is provided with a guide rail mechanism, which includes a slide rail (11) and a slider (12) that slides with the slide rail (11). A fixed bracket (2) is fixedly installed on the base (1); the fixed bracket (2) is provided with a flange ring (21) for connecting with the end flange of the part to be tested. The movable bracket (3) is hinged to the slider (12) via a connector (31) connected by a floating connecting spring (301) at the bottom; a plurality of first linear actuators (32) are mounted on the movable bracket (3) for clamping or releasing the part to be tested; The loading system (4) includes a plurality of second linear actuators (41); one end of each second linear actuator (41) is connected to the fixed bracket (2) through a ball joint connector to form a spherical fit, and the other end is connected to the movable bracket (3) through a ball joint connector to form a spherical fit. in, By controlling the extension and retraction states of the output shafts of multiple second linear actuators (41), multidimensional loads can be applied to the clamped part under test.

2. The multidimensional load overload simulation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of the second linear actuators (41) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane passing through the center of the flange ring (21).

3. The multidimensional load overload simulation test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the second linear actuators (41) is at least four.

4. The multidimensional load overload simulation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple first linear actuators (32) are distributed circumferentially along the movable bracket (3), and the extension and retraction direction of the output shaft of each first linear actuator (32) is arranged radially along the movable bracket (3).

5. The multidimensional load overload simulation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading system (4) also includes: Multiple third linear actuators (42), one end of which is hinged to the base (1) and the other end of which is hinged to the movable bracket (3); in, By controlling the extension and retraction of the output shaft of the third linear actuator (42), the height of the movable bracket (3) can be changed to apply a gravitational load to the end of the part to be tested.

6. The multidimensional load overload simulation test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third linear actuator (42) is arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane passing through the center of the flange ring (21).

7. The multidimensional load overload simulation test bench according to claim 6, characterized in that, The number of the third linear actuators (42) is at least two.

8. The multidimensional load overload simulation test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that, The loading system (4) also includes: A force sensor, which is attached to the part to be tested, is used to monitor the stress or strain of the part to be tested; A displacement sensor is used to monitor the displacement of the part under test or the movable bracket (3); The controller is electrically connected to the force sensor, the displacement sensor, the second linear actuator (41), and the third linear actuator (42); The controller is configured as follows: In response to the feedback signals from the force sensor and the displacement sensor, and according to the preset load spectrum, the outputs of the second linear actuator (41) and the third linear actuator (42) are adjusted in real time.

9. The multidimensional load overload simulation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable support (3) also includes: Two clamping assemblies (33) are disposed opposite to each other on the movable bracket (3) for clamping the part to be tested; each clamping assembly (33) includes a sliding frame (331) fixed on the movable bracket (3) and a sliding clamp (332) slidably connected to the sliding frame (331); the sliding clamp (332) is connected to the output shaft of the corresponding first linear actuator (32) through a connecting rod (333); in, When the output shaft of the first linear actuator (32) extends or retracts, it can drive the two sliding clamps (332) to move closer to each other to clamp the part to be tested, or to move further apart to release the part to be tested, through the connecting rod (333).

10. The multidimensional load overload simulation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The fourth linear actuator (5) is mounted on the base (1) at one end and hinged to the connector (31) of the movable bracket (3) at the other end. It is used to drive the movable bracket (3) to move along the slide rail (11) to adjust its initial position.

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