Optical device and analysis device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an optical device which is used for carrying out ion chromatography detection on a sample and comprises a light source part which provides light with a preset wavelength range so as to form a first light beam propagating in a free space; and a flow cell provided with a guide channel, the guide channel containing the sample and provided with a first lens and a second lens, the first lens having a first clear aperture and the second lens having a second clear aperture; the ratio of the first clear aperture to the second clear aperture ranges from 1 to 3, and the ratio of the equivalent light spot size of the focusing part to the second clear aperture is not larger than 0.5, so that the ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam to the light intensity of the first light beam is not smaller than 62%. According to the device, efficient focused light beams are generated in the flow cell, and the intensity ratio of emergent light to incident light is increased, so that the light utilization efficiency is improved, and the sample detection sensitivity is improved. In addition, the utility model also relates to an analysis device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to an optical device. In addition, the utility model further relates to an analysis device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ion chromatography detection is a kind of high performance liquid chromatography technology, can be used for separating and detecting ionic compound. Ion chromatography detection can be mainly divided into electrochemical detection and optical detection two categories at present.

[0003] Optical detection is based on the principle that solute molecules absorb ultraviolet light or visible light, according to Beer-Lambert law (Beer-Lambert law), that is, light intensity is proportional to the absorbance of the solution of the measured object, so as to realize the determination of the concentration or kind of the measured object.

[0004] For example, in the optical system including flow cell, the light beam passing through the flow cell will be absorbed by the ions or compounds in the test solution, so that the light intensity after passing through the flow cell changes, so that the concentration or kind of the ions or compounds in the test solution can be determined by using Beer-Lambert law.

[0005] However, the existing optical system, such as ion chromatography flow cell optical system, still has some technical problems, for example, low light beam utilization efficiency, insufficient detection sensitivity, etc.

[0006] Therefore, an improved optical device is needed to overcome one or more shortcomings in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0007] The utility model aims at providing an optical device, which can be used for ion chromatography detection and can improve light utilization efficiency and detection sensitivity.

[0008] According to the first aspect of the utility model, propose an optical device, this optical device can be used to carry out ion chromatography detection to sample and can include: light source part, light source part provides the light with predetermined wavelength range to form first light beam that propagates in free space, and flow cell, flow cell is provided with guide channel, guide channel holds sample and is provided with first lens and second lens respectively at both ends, has first light -through aperture at first lens, and has second light -through aperture at second lens, wherein, first light beam enters guide channel through first lens, first lens makes first light beam converge into second light beam in guide channel, second light beam forms focus portion between first lens and second lens and after divergence exits guide channel through second lens to form third light beam, wherein, the ratio of first light -through aperture and second light -through aperture is between 1 to 3, and the ratio of the equivalent spot size of focus portion and second light -through aperture is not more than 0.5, so that the ratio of the light intensity of third light beam and the light intensity of first light beam is not less than 62%.

[0009] The optical device improves the ratio of the light intensity of the outgoing light and the incoming light by generating a highly focused light beam in the flow cell (especially the guide channel thereof), thereby improving the light utilization efficiency and the sample detection sensitivity.

[0010] According to the above aspect of the utility model, to further improve the light utilization efficiency and the sample detection sensitivity, preferably, the ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam and the light intensity of the first light beam is not more than 96%.

[0011] According to the above aspect of the utility model, preferably, the ratio of the first light -through aperture and the second light -through aperture is 1, and the ratio of the equivalent spot size of the focus portion and the second light -through aperture is 0.1.

[0012] The inventor found that, in this arrangement, the ratio of the outgoing energy and the incoming energy unexpectedly reaches the highest, thereby achieving a better measurement effect.

[0013] According to the above aspect of the utility model, to better improve the light utilization efficiency and the sample detection sensitivity, preferably, the equivalent spot size of the focus portion can be not more than 25% of the first light -through aperture.

[0014] According to the above aspect of the utility model, to better improve the light utilization efficiency and the sample detection sensitivity, preferably, the focus portion can be between the midpoint of the guide channel and the second lens.

[0015] According to the above aspect of the present application, preferably, the guide channel can have a first open end and an opposite second open end, the first lens can be disposed at the first open end and the second lens can be disposed at the second open end, wherein the first open end defines a first light passing aperture and the second open end defines a second light passing aperture.

[0016] According to the above aspect of the present application, preferably, the deviation between the main optical axis of the first lens and the central axis of the guide channel can be less than 10% of the second light passing aperture.

[0017] The inventors found that compared with no deviation from the center, the deviation between the main optical axis of the first lens and the central axis of the guide channel less than 10% of the second light passing aperture can ensure more than 90% of the emission energy, and more preferably, the deviation between the main optical axis of the first lens and the central axis of the guide channel less than 5% of the second light passing aperture can ensure more than 98% of the emission energy.

[0018] According to the above aspect of the present application, in order to ensure at least 90% of the emission energy, thereby further improving the light utilization efficiency and improving the sample detection sensitivity, preferably, the first distance between the focusing part and the second lens satisfies the following relationship:

[0019]

[0020] Wherein, L1 is the first distance between the focusing part and the second lens; A1 is the first light passing aperture; A2 is the second light passing aperture; LF is the effective optical path of the flow cell; n is the refractive index of the sample in the flow cell.

[0021] According to the above aspect of the present application, preferably, the equivalent light spot of the focusing part can have a circular cross section.

[0022] According to the second aspect of the utility model, an analysis device is provided, which can include: an optical device for ion chromatographic detection of a sample and can include: a light source part providing light with a predetermined wavelength range to form a first light beam propagating in free space; and a flow cell provided with a guide channel accommodating the sample and provided with a first lens and a second lens at both ends respectively, having a first light aperture at the first lens and a second light aperture at the second lens; wherein the first light beam enters the guide channel via the first lens, the first lens converges the first light beam into a second light beam in the guide channel, the second light beam forms a focusing part between the first lens and the second lens and exits the guide channel via the second lens to form a third light beam; wherein the ratio of the first light aperture to the second light aperture is between 1 and 3, and the ratio of the equivalent spot size of the focusing part to the second light aperture is not greater than 0.5, so that the ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam to the light intensity of the first light beam is not less than 62%; and a detection device that can receive the third light beam and convert it into an electrical signal after processing to determine the type and / or concentration of ions contained in the sample.

[0023] According to the above aspect of the utility model, preferably, the flow cell can further be provided with: an introduction channel fluidly connecting the chromatographic column of the flow path system and the first open end of the guide channel for feeding the sample to the guide channel; and an exit channel connected to the second open end of the guide channel for the sample to exit the guide channel.

[0024] According to the above aspect of the utility model, preferably, the light source part can include: a first light source that can emit first light with a wavelength range of 400-800 nm; a second light source that can emit second light with a wavelength range of 180-400 nm; and an optical guide assembly that can be used to guide the first light emitted by the first light source and the second light emitted by the second light source to form the first light beam.

[0025] This arrangement allows the analysis device to detect two substances simultaneously, or one light as background light, thereby improving detection accuracy.

[0026] According to the above aspect of the utility model, preferably, the detection device can include a light splitting element for separating the first light and the second light contained in the third light beam, and after filtering via a filtering device and converging via a converging device, converting into a first electrical signal via a photoelectric device.

[0027] In this way, by filtering to remove interfering light sources, the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved, and the measurement accuracy can be improved.

[0028] According to the above aspect of the utility model, preferably, the detection device comprises a spectrometer, the spectrometer receives the third light beam and converts into a first electric signal.

[0029] With the aid of the spectrometer, the fluctuation in a predetermined wavelength range around the peak wavelength of the incident light can be detected, and the measurement accuracy is further improved.

[0030] According to the third aspect of the utility model, a data analysis method is provided, which can comprise the following steps: providing the analysis device according to the above aspect; collecting baseline noise; optionally, the analysis device can be powered on and stabilized for a predetermined time; sampling the first electric signal during the operation of the analysis device, wherein the sampling frequency is greater than or equal to 500 Hz; subtracting the baseline noise from the first electric signal to obtain a second electric signal; smoothing filtering the second electric signal to match the output of a third electric signal; and processing the third electric signal based on the S-G filtering algorithm to output the final calculation result.

[0031] This data analysis method can effectively reduce signal noise, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0032] According to the fourth aspect of the utility model, a data analysis method is provided, which can comprise the following steps: providing the analysis device according to the above aspect; collecting baseline noise; optionally, the analysis device can be powered on and stabilized for a predetermined time; sampling the first electric signal during the operation of the analysis device; taking the difference between the first electric signal obtained from the spectrometer and the baseline noise to obtain a second electric signal, the second electric signal representing the true absorption spectrum of the sample; pixel merging to meet the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio requirements and obtain a third electric signal; and selecting appropriate parameters of the S-G filter according to the requirements to output the final calculation result.

[0033] This data analysis method can also effectively reduce signal noise, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0034] The utility model discloses a kind of optical devices, including flow cell, and the flow cell is connected with the light source, and the light source is connected with the detection device, and the detection device is connected with the computer, and the computer is connected with the display device.

[0035] Therefore, the optical device of the utility model can meet the use requirements, overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and achieve the predetermined purpose. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to further clearly describe the optical device according to the utility model, the utility model will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments, and the drawings are as follows:

[0037] Figure 1 a schematic diagram of an analysis device according to a first non-limiting embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0038] Figure 2 a schematic diagram of an optical device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0039] Figure 3 a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between a flow cell and a flow path system of an optical device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0040] Figure 3A a schematic diagram of a guide channel of a flow cell according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0041] Figure 4 a schematic diagram of a first non-limiting embodiment of a flow cell of an optical device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0042] Figure 5 a schematic diagram of a second non-limiting embodiment of a flow cell of an optical device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0043] Figure 6 a ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam to the light intensity of the first light beam of an optical device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application under different conditions is shown;

[0044] Figure 6A an example position of a focusing part of an optical device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application when the output energy is maximum under different conditions is shown; Figure 7 a comparison between the ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam to the light intensity of the first light beam of an optical device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application under different conditions and a reference ratio is shown, the graph showing discrete values;

[0045] Figure 8 a comparison between the ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam to the light intensity of the first light beam of an optical device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application under different conditions and a reference ratio is shown, the graph showing continuous values;

[0046] Figure 9 a relationship between the light intensity of the third light beam and the volume of the flow cell of an optical device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application under different conditions is shown, the graph showing discrete values;

[0047] Figure 10 a relationship between the light intensity of the third light beam and the volume of the flow cell of an optical device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application under different conditions is shown, the graph showing continuous values;

[0048] Figure 11 a schematic diagram of an analysis device according to a second non-limiting embodiment of the present utility model is shown;

[0049] Figure 12 a data analysis method according to a first non-limiting embodiment of the present utility model is shown;

[0050] Figure 13 a schematic diagram of output data processed using a data analysis method according to a first non-limiting embodiment of the present utility model is shown;

[0051] Figure 14 a data analysis method according to a second non-limiting embodiment of the present utility model is shown; and

[0052] Figure 15 a schematic diagram of output data processed using a data analysis method according to a second non-limiting embodiment of the present utility model is shown.

[0053] The above-mentioned figures are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale.

[0054] The reference signs in the figures are listed in the list of figures and embodiments:

[0055] 1000 - analysis device, comprising:

[0056] 100 - optical device, comprising:

[0057] 10 - light source portion, comprising:

[0058] 11 - first light source;

[0059] 12 - second light source;

[0060] 13 - optical guiding assembly, comprising:

[0061] 131 - first entrance lens;

[0062] 132 - second entrance lens;

[0063] 133 - light mixing element;

[0064] 134 - third entrance lens;

[0065] 20 - flow cell, comprising:

[0066] 21 - first lens;

[0067] A1 - first light passing aperture;

[0068] F - focusing portion;

[0069] A0 - equivalent spot size;

[0070] 22 - second lens;

[0071] A2 - second light aperture;

[0072] 23 - housing;

[0073] 20A - guide channel;

[0074] 201 - first open end;

[0075] 202 - second open end;

[0076] 24 - introduction channel;

[0077] 25 - extraction channel;

[0078] LF - effective optical path of the flow cell; 200 - sample;

[0079] 300 - detection device, comprising:

[0080] 310 - light splitting element;

[0081] 320 - filtering device, comprising:

[0082] 320A - first filtering element;

[0083] 320A - second filtering element;

[0084] 330 - converging device, comprising:

[0085] 330A - first converging lens;

[0086] 330B - second converging lens;

[0087] 330C - third converging lens;

[0088] 340 - photoelectric device, comprising:

[0089] 340A - first photoelectric converter;

[0090] 340B - second photoelectric converter;

[0091] 350 - spectrometer;

[0092] 400 - flow path system, comprising:

[0093] 401 - chromatographic column;

[0094] A - central axis;

[0095] B1 - first light beam;

[0096] B2 - second light beam;

[0097] B3 – Third beam;

[0098] C – Flow direction;

[0099] L1 – First distance;

[0100] L2 – Second distance;

[0101] LF – Effective optical path of the flow cell. Detailed Implementation

[0102] It should be understood that, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the present invention may employ various alternative orientations and sequences of steps. It should also be understood that the specific devices shown in the drawings and described in the specification are merely exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept disclosed and defined herein. Therefore, unless expressly stated otherwise, the specific orientations, directions, or other features involved in the various disclosed embodiments should not be considered limiting.

[0103] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an analysis apparatus 1000 according to a first non-limiting embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0104] As shown in the figure and as a non-limiting embodiment, the analytical apparatus 1000 may mainly include an optical device 100 and a detection device 300. The optical device 100 can be used to perform ion chromatography detection on the sample 200. Additionally, although not shown in the figures, it should be understood that the analytical apparatus 1000 may also include a housing, a power supply, or corresponding control devices, etc.

[0105] As an example, the analytical device 1000 may be an ion chromatography detection optical system for performing ion chromatography detection on a sample 200 in a flow cell. For example, it can detect the type and / or concentration of one or more ions or compounds in a solution for applications such as environmental monitoring, food safety testing, and drug analysis.

[0106] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an optical device 100 according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0107] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the optical device 100 may mainly include a light source part 10 and a flow cell 20.

[0108] The light source section 10 can provide light with a predetermined wavelength range to form a first beam B1 that propagates in free space. As described herein, "propagating in free space" means that the light can propagate freely in the environment, such as in the atmosphere, without the need for an additional guiding medium, such as an optical fiber.

[0109] The light source part 10 comprises one or more light sources, such as a first light source 11 and a second light source 12 as shown in the figures.

[0110] As an example, the first light source 11 can emit first light with a wavelength range between 400-800 nm. For example, the first light source 11 can be an LED lamp, in particular a single-color LED, to emit visible light. The second light source 12 can emit second light with a wavelength range between 180-400 nm. For example, the second light source 12 can be a deuterium lamp to emit ultraviolet light.

[0111] In addition, the light source part 10 can be provided with an optical guiding assembly 13. As an example, the optical guiding assembly 13 can mainly comprise a first incident lens 131, a second incident lens 132, a light mixing element 133, and a third incident lens 134, etc.

[0112] The first incident lens 131 can be a convex lens for guiding the first light emitted by the first light source 11, and the second incident lens 132 can also be a convex lens for guiding the second light emitted by the second light source 12. The first light and the second light can be mixed via the light mixing element 133 and then enter the third incident lens 134 to form the first light beam B1. The third incident lens 134 can also be a convex lens.

[0113] It should be understood that the configuration of the light source part 10 shown above in combination with the figures is only illustrative, and those skilled in the art can provide only the first light source 11 or only the second light source 12 according to needs, or provide an additional third light source, without departing from the scope of the present application. In addition, the specific types and arrangements of the lenses can also be different from the arrangements shown in the figures, as long as they can provide the desired first light beam B1 for entering the flow cell 20.

[0114] Figure 3 A schematic view showing the connection relationship between the flow cell 20 of the optical device 100 and the flow path system 400 according to the non-limiting embodiments of the present application is shown, and Figure 3A A schematic view showing the guide channel 20A of the flow cell 20 according to the non-limiting embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0115] As shown in the figures, the flow cell 20 can be provided with a guide channel 20A. As an example, the guide channel 20A can have a cylindrical or truncated conical shape, and has a first open end 201 and an opposite second open end 202. In Figure 3AThe guiding channel 20A is illustrated in a truncated conical shape, and the first open end 201 is larger than the second open end 202. However, in alternative embodiments, the first open end 201 can also be smaller than the second open end 202, and in preferred embodiments, the first open end 201 of the guiding channel 20A can be equal to the second open end 202.

[0116] The guiding channel 20A can accommodate a sample 200, in particular a fluid sample, and is for the sample 200 to flow in the guiding channel 20A. The flow cell 20 can also be provided with an inlet channel 24 and an outlet channel 25. The inlet channel 24 can fluidically connect the chromatographic column 401 of the flow path system 400 and the first open end 201 of the guiding channel 20A.

[0117] By way of example, the chromatographic column 401 can separate different components in a mixture of the flow path system 400, and the sample 200 to be detected is separated therefrom, and the sample 200 is fed to the guiding channel 20A via the inlet channel 24. The outlet channel 25 can be connected to the second open end 202 of the guiding channel 20A for the sample 200 to exit the guiding channel 20A. Figure 3 The direction of flow of the fluid is illustrated by arrow C.

[0118] A lens can be provided at each of the two ends of the guiding channel 20A. Specifically, a first lens 21 can be provided at the first open end 201 of the guiding channel 20A (i.e. Figure 3 at the left end), and a second lens 22 can be provided at the second open end 202 of the guiding channel 20A (i.e. Figure 3 at the right end). Both the first lens 21 and the second lens 22 can be convex lenses, and are illustrated in optical notation in Figure 3 .

[0119] According to embodiments of the present application, the first lens 21 and the second lens 22 can be supported by the housing 23 of the flow cell 20. The first lens 21 can be in direct contact with and seal the first open end 201 of the guiding channel 20A. Likewise, the second lens 22 can be in direct contact with and seal the second open end 202 of the guiding channel 20A.

[0120] At this time, there is a first light aperture Al at the first lens 21, and a second light aperture A2 at the second lens 22. The size of the first light aperture Al and the second light aperture A2 can be determined by the opening size of the first open end 201 and the second open end 202 of the guiding channel 20A, for example, by the inner diameter of the openings thereof.

[0121] As Figure 1 and 2As shown in FIG. 1, the first light beam B1 can enter the guide channel 20A via the first lens 21, which converges the first light beam B1 into the second light beam B2 in the guide channel 20A. The second light beam B2 can form a focusing portion F between the first lens 21 and the second lens 22 and exit the guide channel 20A via the second lens 22 after being diverged to form the third light beam B3.

[0122] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a first non-limiting embodiment of the flow cell 20 of the optical device 100 according to non-limiting embodiments of the present application is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a second non-limiting embodiment of the flow cell 20 of the optical device 100 according to non-limiting embodiments of the present application is shown;

[0123] In Figure 4 In the shown embodiment, the first lens 21 and the second lens 22 are double convex lenses, while in Figure 5 In the shown embodiment, the first lens 21 and the second lens 22 are plano-convex lenses. This plano-convex lens arrangement is advantageous, in particular, since the planar portions of the first lens 21 and the second lens 22 both face the guide channel 20A, thereby facilitating the cooperation with the first open end 201 and the second open end 202 for forming a sealed connection.

[0124] According to embodiments of the present application, in order to generate a highly focused light beam within the flow cell 20 while achieving a desired ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam B3 to the light intensity of the first light beam B1, the inventors have conducted theoretical research and selected key parameters based on the theoretical research for experimental verification. These experimental results are shown in Figures 6-10 In particular, the embodiments of the present application propose that simultaneously limiting the ratio of the first light aperture A1 to the second light aperture A2 and the ratio of the equivalent spot size A0 of the focusing portion F to the second light aperture A2 can achieve unexpected technical effects.

[0125] Specifically, Figure 6 A ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam B3 to the light intensity of the first light beam B1 of the optical device 100 according to non-limiting embodiments of the present application under different conditions is shown.

[0126] As Figure 6 shown, if the ratio of the first light aperture A1 to the second light aperture A2 is limited to between 1 and 3 and is not greater than 0.5, then the ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam B3 to the light intensity of the first light beam B1 is not less than 78% at this time.

[0127] As an example, Figure 6The materials of the first lens 21 and the second lens 22 used in the simulation are QUART-Z, and the reflectivity of air and the lens corresponding to a 0.23-um wavelength is about 5%, and the reflectivity between the lens and the fluid sample is about 1%.

[0128] As an alternative embodiment, the materials of the first lens 21 and the second lens 22 can be replaced with materials of higher refractive index (for example, the refractive index is changed to 1.9, and the reflectivity will change to 10%, and the energy utilization rate will be Figure 6 95% of the simulation value), and the fluid sample can be replaced with other substances (for example, it is replaced with a gas with a refractive index of 1, and the reflectivity will change to 10%, and the energy utilization rate will be Figure 6 94% of the simulation value).

[0129] Since the light travels through the interfaces formed by the two lenses and air and liquid, respectively, the ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam B3 to the light intensity of the first light beam B1 is not less than 62%, that is, 78%*95%*94%*94%*95%. In order to further verify whether a better parameter combination can be obtained, the inventors carried out a comparative verification based on the following benchmark conditions: the ratio of the first light aperture A1 to the second light aperture A2 is limited to 1, and the ratio of the equivalent light spot size A0 to the second light aperture A2 is limited to 0.1.

[0130] The verification results are shown in Figure 7 and 8 , wherein, Figure 7 Figure 1 shows the comparison between the ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam B3 to the light intensity of the first light beam B1 under different conditions and the benchmark ratio of the optical device 100 according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application, which is shown in discrete values; and Figure 8 Figure 2 shows the comparison between the ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam B3 to the light intensity of the first light beam B1 under different conditions and the benchmark ratio of the optical device 100 according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present application, which is shown in continuous values.

[0131] It can be seen that as the ratio of the first light aperture A1 to the second light aperture A2 decreases, the ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam B3 to the light intensity of the first light beam B1 gradually increases. However, the inventors have noticed that as the ratio of the first light aperture A1 to the second light aperture A2 decreases, the unit volume efficiency (the ratio of the emitted energy to the volume) will also decrease, that is, the energy volume ratio yield is reduced.

[0132] This unit volume efficiency with the ratio relationship of A1 to A2 and A0 to A2 is shown in Figure 9 and 10 , wherein, Figure 9The graph illustrates the relationship between the light intensity of the third beam B3 and the volume of the flow cell 20 under different conditions in an optical device 100 according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention. The graph is shown in discrete values. Figure 10 The graph illustrates the relationship between the light intensity of the third beam B3 and the volume of the flow cell 20 under different conditions in an optical device 100 according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention. The graph is presented as continuous values.

[0133] As shown in the figure, a significant improvement in efficiency is observed when the ratio of the first aperture A1 to the second aperture A2 is in the range of 1.0 to 3.0. However, when the ratio of A1 to A2 is above 3.0, the efficiency improvement is not significant.

[0134] It should be understood that the above ratios are determined based on baseline conditions, namely, the flow cell 20 contains only water or an eluent with a similar refractive index, and does not contain the sample 200 to be measured. Furthermore, it should be understood that the calculation conditions for the equivalent spot size A0 of the focusing section F described herein can be as follows: The intensity is 1 / e of the peak intensity. 2 The defined range of the light spot is such that, for example, 86.5% of the total beam energy can be obtained within this range. If those skilled in the art select the remaining energy range as the calculation condition for the equivalent light spot, the concept of this invention can be applied through simple conversion.

[0135] Similarly, as Figure 6 As schematically shown, the ratio of the light intensity of the third beam B3 to the light intensity of the first beam B1 does not exceed 85% (e.g., 84.2%).

[0136] At this time, the materials used for the first lens 21 and the second lens 22 are QUART-Z. The reflectivity of air and the lens at a wavelength of 0.23µm is about 5%, and the reflectivity between the lens and the fluid (liquid) sample is about 1%.

[0137] However, in an alternative embodiment with lens coating and air / liquid refractive index matching, the light traveling through the two lenses is almost unreflected. Therefore, the ratio of the light intensity of the third beam B3 to the light intensity of the first beam B1 will not exceed 96%, i.e., 85% ÷ 95% ÷ 95% ÷ 99% ÷ 99% = 96%.

[0138] Furthermore, the inventors discovered that if the ratio of the first light-transmitting aperture A1 to the second light-transmitting aperture A2 is 1, and the ratio of the equivalent spot size A0 of the focusing part F to the second light-transmitting aperture A2 is 0.1, then the ratio of emitted energy to incident energy can reach its maximum, and the measurement effect is better. In this case, as described above, the opening size of the first opening end 201 of the guide channel 20A can be equal to the opening size of the second opening end 202, allowing the guide channel 20A to have a generally cylindrical shape, or alternatively, the guide channel 20A can have the shape of a hollow rhombus with a polygonal cross-section.

[0139] In a preferred embodiment, to generate a highly focused beam within the flow cell 20, the equivalent spot size A0 of the focusing portion F is no greater than 25% of the first aperture A1, thereby ensuring at least 90% of the emitted energy (for example, A1 can be equal to A2, with A0:A1 = 10% emitted energy as a reference). Furthermore, preferably, the focusing portion F can be located between the midpoint of the guide channel 20A and the second lens 22. The midpoint of the guide channel 20A can be measured along the direction of the central axis A. For example, this midpoint can be the midpoint between the first opening end 201 and the second opening end 202.

[0140] Furthermore, in order to further improve the ratio of emitted to incident light intensity, thereby further improving light utilization efficiency and sample detection sensitivity, the inventors have found that the following configuration can be further provided: in particular, preferably, the deviation between the principal optical axis of the first lens 21 and the central axis A of the guide channel 20A is less than 10% of the second aperture A2, more preferably, less than 5% of the second aperture A2, and most preferably, the principal optical axis of the first lens 21 coincides with the central axis A of the guide channel 20A.

[0141] In addition, in order to achieve the above technical effects, the inventors found that the following arrangement is preferred, in particular, the first distance L1 between the focusing part F and the second lens 22 can satisfy the following relationship:

[0142]

[0143] Where A1 is the first light-transmitting aperture; A2 is the second light-transmitting aperture; LF is the effective optical path of the flow cell 20; and n is the refractive index of the sample 200 within the flow cell 20. This arrangement allows for the positioning of the focusing section that maximizes energy output.

[0144] Figure 6A An example position of the focusing portion F of the optical device 100 according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention is shown when the output energy is at its maximum under different conditions.

[0145] Figure 6A The reference distance L0 in the equation satisfies the following relationship:

[0146]

[0147] Where A1 is the first light-transmitting aperture; A2 is the second light-transmitting aperture; LF is the effective optical path of the flow cell 20; and n is the refractive index of the sample 200 within the flow cell 20. The corresponding expression in the table represents the optimal value of the first distance L1. For example, when A1:A2 = 0.75 and A0:A2 = 10%, the optimal value of the first distance L1 is 0.87*L0 (or 0.87L0).

[0148] It should be understood that, as used herein, the term "effective optical path" can refer to the actual path length of light propagating through the flow cell 20. For example, it can refer to the actual path length of light propagating from the exit surface of the first lens 21 (i.e., the right side in the figure) to the incident surface of the second lens 22 (i.e., the left side in the figure).

[0149] For ease of theoretical calculation, the effective optical path LF can be expressed as the shortest distance (measured along the optical axis) between the exit surface of the first lens 21 (i.e., the right side in the figure) and the incident surface of the second lens 22 (i.e., the left side in the figure) multiplied by the refractive index n. Furthermore, the refractive index n can be measured under reference conditions. For example, in a reference solution including water and eluent, the refractive index n measured at 20°C is 1.333.

[0150] At this point, the second distance L2 between the focusing part F and the first lens 21 can satisfy the following relationship: L2 = LF - L1. Now continue referring to... Figure 1 A non-limiting embodiment of the detection device 300 is described. As shown in the figure, the detection device 300 may mainly include a beam splitter 310, a filter 320, a focusing device 330, and a photoelectric device 340, etc.

[0151] When the light source section 10 includes two or more light sources, such as a first light source 11 and a second light source 12, the beam splitter 310 can be used to separate the first light and the second light contained in the third beam B3.

[0152] like Figure 1 As shown, the light transmitted through the beam splitter 310 can travel to the first filter element 320A to filter out unwanted noise signals (e.g., light of different wavelengths). Then, the filtered light can be focused by the first converging lens 330A and sent to the first photoelectric converter 340A to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal.

[0153] Similarly, the light reflected by the beam splitter 310 can travel to the second filter element 320B to filter out unwanted noise signals (e.g., light of different wavelengths). Then, the filtered light can be focused by the second converging lens 330B and sent to the second photoelectric converter 340B to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal.

[0154] The first electrical signal D1, obtained by conversion via photoelectric device 340 (e.g., first photoelectric converter 340A and second photoelectric converter 34BA), can be used for subsequent data analysis to determine the type and / or concentration of ions contained in sample 200. Thus, by filtering the third beam B3 to remove interfering light sources, the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, and the measurement accuracy is enhanced.

[0155] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of an analysis apparatus 1000 according to a second non-limiting embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0156] Apart from the differences described below, the second embodiment of the analysis device 1000 is similar to Figure 1 The first embodiment of the analytical apparatus 1000 shown herein, and the same or similar elements are generally indicated by the same or similar reference numerals herein, and may not be reintroduced below.

[0157] exist Figure 11 In the illustrated embodiment, the detection device 300 includes a spectrometer 350 but does not include a filter 320. The spectrometer 350 can receive a third light beam B3, for example, via a third converging lens 330C, and convert the optical signal therein into a first electrical signal to determine the type and / or concentration of ions contained in the sample 200. Thus, the spectrometer 350 can detect fluctuations within a predetermined wavelength range around the peak of the incident wavelength, improving measurement accuracy.

[0158] Figure 12 A data analysis method 1200 according to a first non-limiting embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0159] As shown in the figure, this method can begin at 1210 and provides a basis for... Figure 1 The analysis apparatus 1000 is shown. Next, at 1220, the baseline noise D0 can be acquired. For example, the operator can acquire the baseline noise D0 at a sampling frequency greater than or equal to 500 Hz.

[0160] Optionally, after acquiring the baseline noise D0, the analysis device 1000 can be powered on, particularly the light source section 10, and stabilized for a predetermined time so that the light source section 10 emits stable incident light (e.g., a first beam B1) with a predetermined wavelength range.

[0161] Next, at 1230, the first electrical signal D1 is sampled during the operation of the analysis device 1000, where the sampling frequency Fs ≥ 500 Hz.

[0162] At 1240, the second electrical signal D2 can be obtained by subtracting the baseline noise D0 from the first electrical signal D1. The second electrical signal D2 is the actual electrical signal after removing the baseline noise D0.

[0163] Next, at 1250, the second electrical signal D2 can be smoothed and filtered to match the output third electrical signal D3. For example, the second electrical signal D2 with a frequency of 500Hz can be modulated and matched to the third electrical signal D3 with a frequency of 10Hz for subsequent data analysis or processing.

[0164] At position 1260, the third electrical signal D3 can be processed based on the SG filtering algorithm to output the final calculation result. The SG filtering described in this paper is the Savitzky-Golay filtering. Method 1200 can end at position 1270.

[0165] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the output data after processing using the data analysis method 1200 according to the first non-limiting embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0166] As shown in the figure, this data analysis can accurately identify the peak index (or the valley value of the actual absorption wavelength) of the emitted light (e.g., the third beam B3) after absorption by sample 200, thereby effectively reducing noise and improving the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0167] Figure 14 A data analysis method 1400 according to a second non-limiting embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0168] As shown in the figure, this method can begin at 1410 and provides a basis for... Figure 11 The analysis apparatus 1000 is shown. Next, at 1420, the baseline noise D0 can be acquired. For example, the operator can acquire the baseline noise D0 at a sampling frequency greater than or equal to 500 Hz.

[0169] Optionally, after acquiring the baseline noise D0, the analysis device 1000 can be powered on, particularly the light source section 10, and stabilized for a predetermined time so that the light source section 10 emits stable incident light (e.g., a first beam B1) with a predetermined wavelength range.

[0170] Next, at 1430, the first electrical signal D1 is sampled during the operation of the analysis device 1000, where the sampling frequency Fs ≥ 500 Hz.

[0171] At 1440, the second electrical signal D2 can be obtained by subtracting the baseline noise D0 from the first electrical signal D1. The second electrical signal D2 is the actual electrical signal after removing the baseline noise D0, which represents the true absorption spectrum of sample 200.

[0172] Next, at 1450, pixel merging can be performed to meet the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio requirements and obtain the third electrical signal D3.

[0173] Specifically, the relationship between signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal strength, dark current noise, and readout noise can be expressed as follows:

[0174] Wherein, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a dimensionless metric, P is the incident photon flux (photons / pixel / second), QE represents the CCD quantum efficiency, t is the integration time (seconds), D is the dark current value (electrons / pixel / second), and R represents the readout noise (root mean square electrons / pixel).

[0175] By merging pixels, the P·QE·t term can be added, thereby increasing the spectrometer's SNR to its original value. This helps reduce the requirements for the spectrometer in the detection system, thereby reducing instrument costs.

[0176] Next, at position 1460, appropriate parameters for the SG filter can be selected according to requirements, and the final calculation result can be output. The SG filter described in this article is the Savitzky-Golay filter.

[0177] Specifically, two key parameters for SG filtering can be selected: frame length (N) and polynomial order (k). For frame length (N), the number of data points in the window can be selected to be 7, and for polynomial order (k), the order of the polynomial used to fit the data can be 3.

[0178] Next, polynomial fitting is performed on the data: For each sliding window, the SG filter fits a 3rd-order polynomial to the data points within the window.

[0179] Y(x) = a0 + a1·x + a2·x 2 +a3·x 3

[0180] Where (a0, a1, a2, a3) are the polynomial coefficients to be determined.

[0181] Construct and solve the system of equations: Substitute the 7 original data points in the window into the equations to construct the system of equations and solve for the polynomial coefficients (a0, a1, a2, a3).

[0182] Next, the data is smoothed: the data points at the center of the window are calculated using the fitted polynomial, and the smoothed data points are used as the final output.

[0183] Then, slide the window: move the window forward by one data point, and repeat the above steps until all data points have been processed.

[0184] Method 1400 can end at 1470.

[0185] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the output data after processing using the data analysis method 1400 according to the second non-limiting embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0186] As shown in the figure, this data analysis can accurately identify the peak values ​​(or valley values ​​of the actual absorption wavelengths) of the emitted light (e.g., the third beam B3) after absorption by sample 200, thereby effectively reducing noise and improving the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0187] The terms “left” and “right” used herein to indicate orientation or direction, and “first” and “second” used to indicate sequence, are merely to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the concept of the present invention as shown in the preferred embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Unless otherwise stated, all sequences, orientations, or directions are used only to distinguish one element / component / structure from another, and unless otherwise stated, do not indicate any particular order, sequence of operations, direction, or orientation. For example, in an alternative embodiment, “first light source” may be “second light source”.

[0188] As used herein, unless otherwise specified, the terms “approximately” and “about” are interpreted as indicating a value or range of values ​​plus or minus five percent, or a deviation of the shape and / or position from the value by plus or minus five percent.

[0189] In addition, it should be understood that all numerical ranges ("not less than", "not more than", or "between", etc.) mentioned in this document include values ​​at the endpoints.

[0190] In summary, the optical device 100 according to the embodiments of the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and achieves the intended purpose.

[0191] While the optical device of this invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above examples are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, various modifications and variations can be made to this invention within the spirit and scope of the claims, and all such modifications and variations will fall within the scope claimed by the claims.

Claims

1. An optical device (100) for ion chromatographic detection of a sample (200), characterized in that The optical device comprises: a light source portion (10) providing light having a predetermined wavelength range to form a first light beam (B1) propagating in free space; and a flow cell (20) provided with a guiding channel (20A) accommodating the sample (200) and provided with a first lens (21) and a second lens (22) at two ends respectively, having a first light passing aperture (A1) at the first lens and a second light passing aperture (A2) at the second lens; wherein the first light beam (B1) enters the guiding channel (20A) via the first lens (21), which converges the first light beam (B1) into a second light beam (B2) in the guiding channel (20A), the second light beam forms a focusing portion (F) between the first lens (21) and the second lens (22) and leaves the guiding channel (20A) via the second lens (22) after divergence to form a third light beam (B3); wherein the ratio of the first light passing aperture (A1) to the second light passing aperture (A2) is between 1 and 3, and the ratio of the equivalent spot size (A0) of the focusing portion (F) to the second light passing aperture (A2) is not greater than 0.5, so that the ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam (B3) to the light intensity of the first light beam (B1) is not less than 62%.

2. The optical device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The ratio of the light intensity of the third light beam (B3) to the light intensity of the first light beam (B1) is not more than 96%.

3. The optical device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The ratio of the first light passing aperture (A1) to the second light passing aperture (A2) is 1, and the ratio of the equivalent spot size (A0) of the focusing portion (F) to the second light passing aperture (A2) is 0.

1.

4. The optical device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The equivalent spot size (A0) of the focusing portion (F) is not greater than 25% of the first light passing aperture (A1).

5. The optical device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The focusing portion (F) is between the midpoint of the guiding channel (20A) and the second lens (22).

6. The optical device (100) according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The guiding channel (20A) has a first open end (201) and an opposite second open end (202), the first lens (21) is provided at the first open end (201) and the second lens (22) is provided at the second open end (202), wherein the first open end (201) defines the first light passing aperture (A1) and the second open end (202) defines the second light passing aperture (A2).

7. The optical device (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that The deviation between the main optical axis of the first lens (21) and the central axis (A) of the guiding channel (20A) is less than 10% of the second light passing aperture (A2).

8. The optical device (100) according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The first distance (L1) between the focusing portion (F) and the second lens (22) satisfies the following relationship: wherein A1 is the first light passing aperture; A2 is the second light passing aperture; LF is the effective optical path of the flow cell (20); n is the refractive index of the sample (200) in the flow cell (20).

9. The optical device (100) according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The equivalent spot of the focusing portion (F) has a circular cross section.

10. An analysis device (1000), characterized in that The analysis device comprises: An optical device (100) for ion chromatographic detection of a sample (200) and comprising: a light source portion (10) providing light having a predetermined wavelength range to form a first light beam (B1) propagating in free space; and a flow cell (20) provided with a guide channel (20A) accommodating the sample (200) and provided with a first lens (21) and a second lens (22) at two ends thereof, having a first light aperture (A1) at the first lens and a second light aperture (A2) at the second lens, respectively; wherein the first light beam (B1) enters the guide channel (20A) via the first lens (21) which converges the first light beam (B1) into a second light beam (B2) in the guide channel (20A), the second light beam forming a focus portion (F) between the first lens (21) and the second lens (22) and diverging after exiting the guide channel (20A) via the second lens (22) to form a third light beam (B3); wherein a ratio of the first light aperture (A1) to the second light aperture (A2) is between 1 and 3, and a ratio of an equivalent spot size (A0) of the focus portion (F) to the second light aperture (A2) is not greater than 0.5, such that a ratio of a light intensity of the third light beam (B3) to a light intensity of the first light beam (B1) is not less than 62%; and a detection device (300) receiving the third light beam (B3) and converting the third light beam (B3) into an electrical signal after processing the third light beam (B3) to determine a kind and / or a concentration of ions contained in the sample (200).

11. The analysis device (1000) according to claim 10, characterized in that The flow cell (20) is further provided with: an inlet channel (24) fluidically connecting a chromatographic column (401) of a flow path system (400) and a first open end (201) of the guide channel (20A) for feeding the sample (200) to the guide channel (20A); and an outlet channel (25) connected to a second open end (202) of the guide channel (20A) for letting the sample (200) exit the guide channel (20A).

12. The analysis device (1000) according to claim 10, characterized in that The light source portion (10) comprises: a first light source (11) emitting first light having a wavelength range between 400-800 nm; a second light source (12) emitting second light having a wavelength range between 180-400 nm; and an optical guiding assembly (13) for guiding the first light emitted by the first light source (11) and the second light emitted by the second light source (12) to form the first light beam (B1).

13. The analysis device (1000) according to claim 12, characterized in that The detection device (300) comprises a light splitting element (310) for splitting the first light and the second light contained in the third light beam (B3) and, after filtering by a filtering device (320) and converging by a converging device (330), converting into a first electrical signal by a photoelectric device (340).

14. The analysis device (1000) according to claim 12, characterized in that The detection device (300) comprises a spectrometer (350) which receives the third light beam (B3) and converts into a first electrical signal.

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