Photovoltaic module supporting structure

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a photovoltaic module supporting structure which comprises a photovoltaic panel supporting frame, a horizontal rotating shaft adjusting structure and a vertical rotating shaft adjusting structure. A calibration structure is installed on the horizontal rotating shaft adjusting structure and comprises a lantern ring, a plurality of grooves which are annularly and uniformly distributed are formed in the side face of the lantern ring, LED lamp beads with different luminous intensities are installed at the inner bottoms of the grooves respectively, the lantern ring is arranged on a horizontal shaft in a sleeving mode, and a rotating block is fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal shaft; a light intensity sensor is mounted on one side of the rotating block, and the detection end of the light intensity sensor can be aligned with the groove; and a PLC is mounted on one side of the mounting plate. Timing calibration can be carried out through the calibration structure and the PLC, the problem that angle deviation occurs after the gear motor A and the gear motor B are controlled to rotate at a fixed angle for multiple times is avoided, and the photoelectric conversion rate is improved; and the arranged pressure switch can enable the horizontal shaft to rotate back to the original position and trigger to carry out return-to-zero calibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module support structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the global energy structure transformation and the advancement of carbon neutrality goals, photovoltaic power generation, as a clean and renewable energy source, has experienced rapid development in recent years. However, traditional fixed photovoltaic systems suffer from low power generation efficiency and low land utilization, which hinders the further development of photovoltaic power generation.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream photovoltaic (PV) mounting systems on the market mainly include fixed mounting systems and single-axis or dual-axis tracking mounting systems. When single-axis or dual-axis mounting systems track the sun and record data, they often cannot accurately calibrate the angle and initial angle positioning due to long-term wear or vibration of the equipment. After a period of time, this can easily lead to inaccuracies, resulting in reduced photovoltaic efficiency and data acquisition errors.

[0004] To address this, we propose a photovoltaic module support structure that features timed calibration. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module support structure to solve the problem that the angle of the existing photovoltaic module support structure cannot be calibrated regularly after long-term use.

[0006] A photovoltaic module support structure includes a photovoltaic panel support frame, a horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure, and a vertical rotation axis adjustment structure; wherein, the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, and the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure is installed at the upper end of the vertical axis of the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure; the photovoltaic panel support frame is fixedly connected to the horizontal axis of the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure via a connecting rod;

[0007] A calibration structure is installed on the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure. The calibration structure includes a collar. The side of the collar has multiple grooves arranged in a ring. LED beads with different luminous intensities are installed in the bottom of the grooves. The collar is sleeved on the horizontal axis. A rotating block is fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal axis. A light intensity sensor is installed on one side of the rotating block. The detection end of the light intensity sensor can be aligned with the groove.

[0008] A PLC controller is mounted on one side of the mounting plate. The signal output terminal of the light intensity sensor is connected to the PLC controller. Both the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure and the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure are controlled by the PLC controller.

[0009] Preferably, a photosensitive sensor is fixedly installed at the center of each of the four sides of the front of the photovoltaic panel support frame, and the signal output terminal of the photosensitive sensor is connected to the signal input terminal of the PLC controller.

[0010] Preferably, the above-described horizontal rotation shaft adjustment structure includes a pin seat, the horizontal shaft is rotatably mounted on the pin seat, one end of the pin seat is fixedly mounted with a reduction motor A for driving the horizontal shaft to rotate, the pin seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical shaft, and the collar is fixed on the pin seat.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical rotation shaft adjustment structure described above includes a bearing, the vertical shaft is fixedly inserted into the inner ring of the bearing, and a reduction motor B for driving the vertical shaft to rotate is provided below the vertical shaft. Both the bearing and the reduction motor B are fixedly installed on one side of the mounting plate.

[0012] Preferably, a protrusion is fixedly connected to one side of the aforementioned collar, and a pressure switch is installed on the side of the protrusion. The pressure switch is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the pressure switch can be touched when the rotating block rotates on the horizontal axis.

[0013] Preferably, the PLC controller described above has a built-in 4G or 5G module.

[0014] Preferably, a rubber waterproof cover is fixedly connected between the back of the photovoltaic panel support frame and one side of the mounting plate.

[0015] Preferably, the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure described above is also equipped with a calibration structure, wherein the collar in the calibration structure of the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate by a connecting rod, and the rotating block in the calibration structure of the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure is fixedly connected to the vertical axis.

[0016] Implementing the embodiments of this utility model will have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The aforementioned photovoltaic module support structure was adopted;

[0018] The calibration structure and PLC controller enable timed calibration, avoiding angular deviations after multiple fixed-angle rotations of geared motors A and B, thus improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. During photoelectric data acquisition, the time at the optimal illumination angle and the amount of electricity generated can be collected, facilitating accurate data collection and further power generation management.

[0019] The calibration structure is equipped with multiple LED beads of different luminous intensities. When the horizontal axis rotates, the light intensity sensor can detect the position of the LED beads with different luminous intensities. Since the relative position of the horizontal axis and the light sensor is fixed, and the LED beads are evenly arranged at equal angles, each LED bead corresponds to a specific angle. Therefore, the structure can be accurately positioned and corrected based on the angle. In use, in conjunction with the PLC's timing function, the LED beads are turned on 3-5 times a month for timed calibration.

[0020] The pressure switch is set up so that the horizontal axis can rotate back to its original position, triggering a zeroing calibration.

[0021] The calibration structure is set in two sets, which are respectively installed on the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure and the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure, enabling adjustment and calibration in two dimensions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] in:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module support structure in one embodiment.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the calibration structure in one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the calibration structure in one embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic panel support frame in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rubber waterproof cover in one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the calibration structure on the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure in one embodiment.

[0030] Reference numerals: 100, Photovoltaic panel support frame; 101, Photovoltaic panel; 102, Photosensitive sensor; 200, Horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure; 201, Horizontal axis; 202, Pin seat; 203, Connecting rod; 204, Gear motor A; 300, Vertical rotation axis adjustment structure; 301, Vertical axis; 302, Bearing; 303, Gear motor B; 400, Mounting plate; 500, PLC controller;

[0031] 600. Calibration structure; 601. Collar; 602. Rotating block; 603. Protrusion; 604. Pressure switch; 605. Light intensity sensor; 606. Sleeve; 607. Groove; 608. LED bead; 700. Connecting rod; 800. Rubber waterproof cover. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings of this application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order.

[0033] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Please see Figure 1-6A photovoltaic module support structure includes a photovoltaic panel 101, a photovoltaic panel support frame 100 (the photovoltaic panel support frame 100 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, with a lightweight design and stable structure, capable of withstanding various harsh weather conditions), a horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure 200, and a vertical rotation axis adjustment structure 300; wherein, the photovoltaic panel 101 is fixedly mounted on the photovoltaic panel support frame 100, the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure 300 is fixedly connected to a mounting plate 400, and the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure 200 is mounted on the upper end of the vertical axis 301 of the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure 300; the photovoltaic panel support frame 100 is fixedly connected to the horizontal axis 201 of the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure 200 via a connecting rod 203.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a calibration structure 600 is mounted on the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure 200. The calibration structure 600 includes a collar 601 with a notch 606 in the middle. The notches 606 are spaced apart and fitted onto the horizontal shaft 201. Multiple annularly arranged grooves 607 are formed on the side of the collar 601. LED beads 608 with different luminous intensities are respectively installed at the bottom of the inner edges of the grooves 607. The collar 601 is fitted onto the horizontal shaft 201, and a rotating block 602 is fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal shaft 201. A light intensity sensor 605 is installed on one side of the rotating block 602. The detection end of the light intensity sensor 605 can be aligned with the groove 607. The light intensity sensor 605 can detect the light intensity of the LED beads 608. Different light intensities correspond to different angular positions, such as light intensities of 200mcd, 400mcd, 600mcd, 800mcd, 1000mcd, etc., and correspond to rotation angles (starting from the zero angle position) of 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, etc.

[0038] like Figure 1 In the middle, a PLC controller 500 is installed on one side of the mounting plate 400 (in the implementation, the PLC controller 500 model is Xinje XC3 series). The signal output terminal of the light intensity sensor 605 is connected to the PLC controller 500. The horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure 200 and the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure 300 are both controlled by the PLC controller 500.

[0039] like Figure 4In this structure, photosensitive sensors 102 are fixedly installed at the center of each of the four sides of the front of the photovoltaic panel support frame 100. The signal output terminals of the photosensitive sensors 102 are connected to the signal input terminals of the PLC controller 500 (with a built-in timer). During implementation, multiple sets of photosensitive sensors 102 can more accurately monitor changes in light intensity and provide feedback. The PLC controller 500 can control the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure 200 and the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure 300 to rotate at fixed times and angles. Through a 4G or 5G module, it can connect to the network, input weather data, and remotely and automatically track the sun based on the weather system.

[0040] Specifically, the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure 200 includes a pin seat 202, on which the horizontal shaft 201 is rotatably mounted. A geared motor A204 for driving the horizontal shaft 201 is fixedly mounted at one end of the pin seat 202. The pin seat 202 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical shaft 301, and a collar 601 is fixed to the pin seat 202. The geared motor A204 is electrically connected to the PLC controller 500. The pitch angle of the photovoltaic panel support frame 100 can be controlled via the geared motor A204.

[0041] Specifically, the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure 300 includes a bearing 302, with a vertical shaft 301 fixedly inserted into the inner ring of the bearing 302. A geared motor B303 for driving the rotation of the vertical shaft 301 is located below the vertical shaft 301. Both the bearing 302 and the geared motor B303 are fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting plate 400. The left and right rotation angles of the photovoltaic panel support frame 100 can be controlled by the geared motor B303. Both the geared motor A204 and the geared motor B303 are composed of a high-precision stepper motor and a reducer.

[0042] During implementation, a protrusion 603 is fixedly connected to one side of the collar 601, and a pressure switch 604 is installed on the side of the protrusion 603. The pressure switch 604 is electrically connected to the PLC controller 500. When the rotating block 602 rotates on the horizontal axis 201, it can touch the pressure switch 604. The zero angle can be returned to zero through the pressure switch 604.

[0043] The PLC controller 500 incorporates a built-in 4G or 5G module. Other wireless communication modules can also be used as substitutes. The 4G or 5G module enables connection to a cloud platform, facilitating data uploads or the collection of weather system data.

[0044] During implementation, a rubber waterproof cover 800 is fixedly connected between the back of the photovoltaic panel support frame 100 and one side of the mounting plate 400. The rubber waterproof cover 800 provides waterproofing.

[0045] Specifically, a calibration structure 600 is also installed on the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure 300. The collar 601 in the calibration structure 600 of the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure 300 is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate 400 through the connecting rod 700, and the rotating block 602 in the calibration structure 600 of the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure 300 is fixedly connected to the vertical axis 301.

[0046] The dual-axis photovoltaic support system based on intelligent tracking technology proposed in this application combines real-time data and prediction models from a monitoring system (weather system).

[0047] The PLC controller 500 (Programmable Logic Controller) of this application has wide applications in photovoltaic daily tracking systems, mainly in the following aspects:

[0048] Logic Control and Optimization Algorithms: The PLC controller 500 can implement logic control and optimization algorithms based on the operational requirements and environmental conditions of the photovoltaic solar system. For example, it can adjust the tilt angle of the solar panels according to the light intensity and the angle of the sun to obtain maximum solar energy; or adjust the operating mode of the solar system according to the grid load demand. For instance, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system is preferentially stored in the batteries. Once the batteries are fully charged, all the generated electricity is fed into the grid. Even in situations such as the absence of sunlight, severe weather, malfunctions, or scheduled maintenance power outages, electricity is still needed to maintain system operation and ensure monitoring and communication.

[0049] During implementation, the PLC controller 500 connects to the PC via the MODBUS protocol, enabling operations such as sending commands, monitoring the system, and acquiring weather data via Ethernet. The monitoring system (monitoring the PLC controller 500) includes a weather monitoring component that integrates cloud cover and weather forecast data to predict changes in sunshine availability and adjust system operation accordingly. This proactive approach allows the system to adapt to changing weather conditions and optimize energy production efficiency.

[0050] The working principle of calibration structure 600 is as follows:

[0051] ① When calibration is required, such as every Monday at 12 noon, it will begin promptly;

[0052] ② The PLC controller 500 controls the geared motor A204 to drive the horizontal shaft 201 to rotate and return to its original position, i.e., the pre-set position;

[0053] ③ The PLC controller 500 controls all LED beads 608 to start illuminating;

[0054] ④ Drive the horizontal axis 201 to rotate, so that the light intensity sensor 605 passes through multiple calibration points in sequence;

[0055] ⑤ If the original first calibration point has a light intensity of 200 mcd, and the original rotation angle is 15°, then the calibration point is reached.

[0056] For example, at the second calibration point, the light intensity is 400 mcd, and the original rotation angle is 30°.

[0057] For example, at the third calibration point, the light intensity is 600 mcd, and the original rotation angle is 45°.

[0058] ...

[0059] Among them, the error of light intensity is within ±10mcd;

[0060] ⑥ The stepping angle of the stepper motor in the geared motor A204 is controlled by the PLC controller 500, and the stepping angle is recorded once at each calibration point;

[0061] For example, after passing the first calibration point, the step angle is 1n revolutions;

[0062] After passing the second calibration point, the step angle is 2n revolutions;

[0063] After passing the third calibration point, the step angle is 3n revolutions;

[0064] ...

[0065] ⑦ The above testing and calibration are highly accurate and without deviation, in actual processes;

[0066] When reaching the first calibration point, the stepper motor's step angle is 1n ± 3 revolutions;

[0067] When the first calibration point is reached, the stepper motor's step angle is 2n ± 3 revolutions;

[0068] When the first calibration point is reached, the stepper motor's step angle is 3n ± 3 revolutions;

[0069] ...

[0070] ⑧ Record the actual step angle of the stepper motor when it reaches the calibration point. Use this data as a reference for subsequent adjustment operations.

[0071] ⑨ Use the newly recorded data as a reference for angle adjustment until the next calibration begins;

[0072] ⑩ LED beads 608 are turned off and only turned on during calibration to save energy.

[0073] To illustrate further:

[0074] Based on the azimuth angle of the sun collected by the 4G module (or pre-entered into the PLC controller 500) and the corresponding time, the PLC controller 500 controls the rotation angle of the geared motor A204 or the geared motor B303 at the corresponding time.

[0075] Both geared motors A204 and B303 consist of stepper motors and reducers. The rotation angle is controlled by the number of rotations (or angle) of the stepper motor. However, during long-term operation, due to wear or vibration, the photovoltaic panel support frame 100 may not reach the actual specified angle after the stepper motor rotates to the specified number of rotations. Therefore, calibration is required.

[0076] The purpose of calibration is to update the data, specifically the number of rotations (angle) required for the stepper motor to reach the actual angle.

[0077] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of this application, but do not limit the patent scope of this application. This application can be implemented in many different forms; rather, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing specific embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module support structure, characterized in that, include: The photovoltaic panel support frame (100), the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure (200), and the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure (300) are provided. The vertical rotation axis adjustment structure (300) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (400), and the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure (200) is installed at the upper end of the vertical axis (301) of the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure (300). The photovoltaic panel support frame (100) is fixedly connected to the horizontal axis (201) of the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure (200) via a connecting rod (203). A calibration structure (600) is installed on the horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure (200). The calibration structure (600) includes a collar (601). The side of the collar (601) is provided with a plurality of grooves (607) arranged in a ring. LED beads (608) with different light-emitting intensities are respectively installed in the bottom of the plurality of grooves (607). The collar (601) is sleeved on the horizontal axis (201). A rotating block (602) is fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal axis (201). A light intensity sensor (605) is installed on one side of the rotating block (602). The detection end of the light intensity sensor (605) can be aligned with the groove (607). A PLC controller (500) is installed on one side of the mounting plate (400). The signal output terminal of the light intensity sensor (605) is connected to the PLC controller (500). The horizontal rotation axis adjustment structure (200) and the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure (300) are both controlled by the PLC controller (500).

2. The photovoltaic module support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A photosensitive sensor (102) is fixedly installed at the center of each of the four sides of the front of the photovoltaic panel support frame (100), and the signal output terminal of the photosensitive sensor (102) is connected to the signal input terminal of the PLC controller (500).

3. The photovoltaic module support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal rotating shaft adjustment structure (200) includes a pin seat (202), the horizontal shaft (201) is rotatably mounted on the pin seat (202), one end of the pin seat (202) is fixedly mounted with a reduction motor A (204) for driving the horizontal shaft (201) to rotate, the pin seat (202) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical shaft (301), and the collar (601) is fixed on the pin seat (202).

4. The photovoltaic module support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical rotation shaft adjustment structure (300) includes a bearing (302), and the vertical shaft (301) is fixedly inserted into the inner ring of the bearing (302). A reduction motor B (303) for driving the vertical shaft (301) to rotate is provided below the vertical shaft (301). The bearing (302) and the reduction motor B (303) are both fixedly installed on one side of the mounting plate (400).

5. A photovoltaic module support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protrusion (603) is fixedly connected to one side of the collar (601), and a pressure switch (604) is installed on the side of the protrusion (603). The pressure switch (604) is electrically connected to the PLC controller (500). When the rotating block (602) rotates on the horizontal axis (201), it can touch the pressure switch (604).

6. A photovoltaic module support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC controller (500) has a built-in 4G or 5G module.

7. A photovoltaic module support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber waterproof cover (800) is fixedly connected between the back of the photovoltaic panel support frame (100) and one side of the mounting plate (400).

8. A photovoltaic module support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical rotation axis adjustment structure (300) is also equipped with a calibration structure (600). The collar (601) in the calibration structure (600) of the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure (300) is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate (400) by a connecting rod (700), and the rotating block (602) in the calibration structure (600) of the vertical rotation axis adjustment structure (300) is fixedly connected to the vertical axis (301).

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