Remote automatic monitoring secondary detection system for oil well

Abstract

The utility model provides an oil well remote automation monitoring secondary detection system, the oil well remote automation monitoring secondary detection system comprises a front end detection unit, a monitoring box, a middle transmission node and a rear end control unit, the front end detection unit is located in the monitoring box, the monitoring box is installed on a monitoring rod, and the middle transmission node is located in the monitoring rod. The intermediate transmission node is installed at an optical cable access point and is in wireless connection with the front-end detection unit through a radio frequency signal, and the rear-end control unit is connected with the intermediate transmission node through an optical cable. The secondary detection system for remote automatic monitoring of the oil well can be applied to automatic monitoring and video monitoring of a remote oil producing well, judges whether the oil well is powered off and stopped or not by using a current detection method under the condition that an automatic monitoring and video system of the oil well has no signal, can quickly monitor the operation state of the oil well, saves time and labor, is quick to dispose, and ensures safe production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oilfield information engineering technology, and in particular to a remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system for oil wells. Background Technology

[0002] Currently used automated oil well monitoring systems can transmit oil well production data and video to monitoring personnel in real time. However, due to the massive amount of data collected and transmitted, and the large volume of information, coupled with multiple intermediate transmission links, signal interruptions or weak signals sometimes occur in the automated oil well monitoring system, especially in remote oil wells. This is due to several factors: firstly, interference from the performance of the components themselves; secondly, the long distance of some oil wells; and thirdly, obstructions from equipment and buildings. Furthermore, it is affected by factors such as faults in the oil well's circuits and electrical components (including transformers, iron-shell switches and cables, control cabinets and control cables, and monitoring boxes), and fiber optic transceiver failures. In severe weather (storm surges, thunderstorms, snowstorms, heavy fog) and at night, network equipment failures are more likely to occur in sensors, RTUs, bridges, and base stations, or system component crashes. This results in monitoring personnel in the control room not receiving monitoring video and oil well production data at the network terminal, making it impossible for them to directly determine whether the oil well has been shut down. If the shift personnel are notified to go to the well site to check if the well is shut down, it generally takes 0.5 to 1 hour to arrive on site. In case of severe weather, it generally takes 1 to 2 hours to arrive on site. If the shift personnel arrive on site and find that the well is not shut down, it will be a waste of manpower and resources. If the lack of monitoring signal occurs in severe weather or at night, there is a great risk of personal injury to the personnel on site while traveling. Using other methods to indirectly determine whether the well is shut down, if the production drop received by the transfer station is used as a reference, it generally takes 2 to 4 hours to show a change in production due to the slow response time. If the judgment is made by nearby wells or power lines, there may be misjudgments, prolonging the shutdown time. If the shift personnel arrive on site and find that the well has shut down automatically without fault, they will restart the equipment or base station to restore communication, which generally takes 0.5 to 1 hour. If the well is found to be shut down due to a fault, the automation maintenance personnel will be notified to rush to the well, cut off the power, restart, and repair the network equipment on site, which generally takes 2 to 5 hours.

[0003] In an oil well automation control network system, the equipment most susceptible to disruption during production is primarily the first transmission node, namely the remote automation monitoring box for the oil well. Furthermore, the monitoring box's power supply largely originates from the oil well control cabinet. If it's impossible to distinguish between communication interruptions caused by the control cabinet and its metal casing power switch tripping and those caused by the network bridge or monitoring power supply tripping, then on-duty personnel or maintenance staff must be dispatched to the site to inspect and restart the system.

[0004] Chinese patent CN100427719C discloses a real-time monitoring method for oil well status. This control method mainly consists of three steps: a sensor system detects oil production at the well site; the information is transmitted to a microcontroller system via a wired network at the well site for control and processing; the processed information is transmitted to a mobile base station via a mobile GPRS network, then to the internet, and finally received by a remote monitoring system. This control method monitors the oil storage tank in real time, promptly reporting the oil level via the GPRS network. Simultaneously, by analyzing the data and reporting the remaining time before the tank is full, it automatically sends a text message to the oil workers, creating a function similar to a ride-hailing service, thereby reducing vehicle, fuel, and manpower consumption, achieving energy savings for the enterprise, and improving the safety of oil production. The patent's technical solution achieves real-time monitoring of the oil storage tank under normal system monitoring signal conditions. However, this patent does not include a method for determining whether the oil well has been shut down by detecting current when the automated monitoring and video system has no signal. At the same time, the oil well automated monitoring and video system was restarted after a power outage to restore normal communication.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN207133649U discloses a digital monitoring system for remote oilfield wells, belonging to the field of monitoring devices. It includes a wellhead RTU terminal, an intelligent controller, a camera, an infrared detector, a 3G router, a control host computer, and a monitoring terminal. Its key features include a level transmitter and a wireless communication module; the intelligent controller has several communication interfaces; the wellhead RTU terminal is connected to the intelligent controller; the infrared detector is electrically connected to the intelligent controller; the control host computer is electrically connected to a server; and the monitoring terminal is electrically connected to the control host computer. Data from field equipment is collected by the wellhead RTU terminal and transmitted to the intelligent controller, then connected to the monitoring terminals at various oil production sites via service synchronization and distribution technology. This system enables real-time monitoring of the well's operating status, production status, and well site operating status in remote well sites. Combined with infrared detection equipment, cameras, and voice alarm devices, it achieves digital production and networked safety monitoring in remote well sites, offering advantages such as high transmission stability and an effective closed-loop safety monitoring system. The patented technical solution involves collecting field equipment data via a wellhead RTU terminal and transmitting it to an intelligent controller when the system's monitoring signal is normal, thereby enabling monitoring of the operating status of oil wells in remote well sites. This patent does not include a method for determining whether an oil well has lost power and shut down when the automated monitoring and video system has no signal. Furthermore, it restores normal communication by restarting the automated monitoring and video system after a power outage.

[0006] In Chinese patent application CN117853986B, the invention relates to the field of video surveillance technology, and particularly to a video surveillance system and method based on oil well equipment. The method includes the following steps: acquiring real-time working video surveillance data; performing iterative frame extraction processing on the real-time working video surveillance data to obtain video frame monitoring data; anchoring the video frame monitoring data to oil well equipment to obtain oil well equipment anchor point data; comparing the anchor point trajectory of the oil well equipment anchor point data based on preset normal operating anchor point data to obtain oil well equipment anchor point status data. This invention improves the accuracy and reliability of oil well equipment monitoring by performing anchor point and status determination, deviation area image segmentation, and brightness reconstruction. The technical solution of this patent is based on comparing the anchor point trajectory of the oil well equipment anchor point data with preset normal operating anchor point data to obtain oil well equipment anchor point status data, and performing anchor point and status determination, deviation area image segmentation, and brightness reconstruction. This patent does not have the capability to determine whether an oil well has been shut down due to power failure by detecting current under conditions where there is no signal in the oil well automated monitoring and video system. At the same time, the oil well automated monitoring and video system was restarted after a power outage to restore normal communication.

[0007] Chinese patent application CN106682815A discloses an oil well monitoring system and method. The monitoring system includes a monitoring device, a pumping unit, and a motor. The monitoring device includes a microprocessor module, a memory, a motor controller, and an oil well detection module. The microprocessor module has a data acquisition unit and a parameter setting unit connected to its input terminals, and an LCD display, an early warning device, and a balance block adjustment indicator unit connected to its output terminals. The monitoring method includes the following steps: 1. Obtaining fault samples; 2. Determining whether the oil well is operating normally; 3. Determining whether the pumping unit is balanced; 4. Calculating and synchronously outputting the oil well system efficiency and power consumption per 100-meter-ton fluid. This invention has a simple structure, reasonable design, is easy to use and operate, has comprehensive functions, and good performance. It can timely and accurately monitor oil well fault diagnosis, pumping unit balance status, and oil well system efficiency. The patented technical solution includes a monitoring device, a pumping unit, and an electric motor. The monitoring device comprises a microprocessor module, a memory, a motor controller, and a pumping well detection module, enabling timely and accurate monitoring of pumping well fault diagnosis, pumping unit balance, and pumping well system efficiency. This patent does not include a method for determining whether an oil well has lost power and shut down under conditions where the automated monitoring and video system has no signal. Furthermore, it restores normal communication by restarting the automated monitoring and video system after a power outage.

[0008] The existing technologies described above are significantly different from this utility model. A search reveals no literature of the XY category, thus this utility model possesses innovativeness. Since there is no solution in the existing technology to address the technical problem we seek to solve, we have invented a new remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system for oil wells. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system for oil wells that can be applied to automated monitoring and video surveillance of remote oil wells.

[0010] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical measures: a remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system for oil wells, which includes a front-end detection unit, a monitoring box, an intermediate transmission node, and a back-end control unit. The front-end detection unit is located inside the monitoring box, which is mounted on a monitoring pole. The intermediate transmission node is installed at an optical cable access point and is wirelessly connected to the front-end detection unit via radio frequency signals. The back-end control unit is connected to the intermediate transmission node via an optical cable.

[0011] The objective of this utility model can also be achieved through the following technical measures:

[0012] The front-end detection unit includes a front-end ZIGBEE network, a power supply cable, and a ZIGBEE wireless module, a front-end A39C wireless radio frequency module, a front-end microcontroller, a relay, and a power supply module connected in sequence. The front-end ZIGBEE network is connected between the existing oil and water well intelligent monitoring module RTU and the ZIGBEE wireless module. The power supply cable is connected between the network bridge and the fiber optic transceiver and the ZIGBEE wireless module.

[0013] The front-end detection unit communicates with the existing front-end sensors and the oil-water well intelligent monitoring module RTU in a network. The front-end sensors are located at various sensing positions in the oil well, and the current, temperature, and pressure data they detect are wirelessly transmitted to the oil-water well intelligent monitoring module RTU. The oil-water well intelligent monitoring module RTU and the front-end detection unit are connected through the ZIGBEE wireless network.

[0014] The intermediate transmission node includes a base station and a fiber optic transceiver, and the base station and fiber optic transceiver communicate wirelessly with the front-end detection unit.

[0015] The front-end detection unit also includes a switch and a camera, which is connected to the base station and fiber optic transceiver via the switch.

[0016] The intermediate transmission node also includes a receiving network, and an Ethernet-to-serial port control module, a back-end A39C wireless radio frequency module, a back-end microcontroller, and a back-end power supply module connected in sequence. The Ethernet-to-serial port control module is connected to the base station and the fiber optic transceiver through the receiving network.

[0017] The back-end A39C wireless RF module and the front-end A39C wireless RF module form a wireless network, enabling wireless communication.

[0018] The back-end control unit includes a data acquisition server, a back-end network, and a monitoring terminal. The data acquisition server is connected to the intermediate transmission node via an optical fiber, and the monitoring terminal is connected to the data acquisition server via the back-end network.

[0019] The front-end detection unit also includes a DTU module, and the back-end control unit also includes a mobile terminal, which communicates with the DTU module via a mobile network.

[0020] The remote automated monitoring secondary detection system for oil wells of this invention can be applied to the automated monitoring and video surveillance of remote oil wells. When the automated monitoring and video system has no signal, it uses current detection to determine whether the oil well has lost power and shut down. Simultaneously, it restores normal communication by restarting the automated monitoring and video system after a power outage.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

[0022] 1. In the absence of a monitoring signal, monitoring personnel can determine whether an oil well has been shut down by monitoring the current, thus solving the problem of arranging manual inspections when no monitoring signal is detected.

[0023] 2. Video equipment can be remotely restarted without the need for on-site personnel, restoring normal operation and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0024] 3. The oil well monitoring equipment can be remotely restarted without the need for on-site personnel, restoring normal communication and monitoring, thus solving the problems of equipment failure, shutdown, and network outage.

[0025] 4. In adverse weather or at night, if network communication is interrupted, the system can connect to detect the current with one click, quickly monitor the oil well's operating status, save time and effort, and ensure safe production.

[0026] 5. The secondary detection system has a rapid response at both the front and back ends, enabling monitoring personnel to promptly identify the cause of well shutdown and take timely measures to open the well, thus avoiding sand blockage and well collapse due to prolonged shutdown. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1This is a structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the oil well remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system of this utility model;

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Front-end sensor; 2. Intelligent monitoring module RTU for oil and water wells; 3. Front-end network; 4. Bridge and fiber optic transceiver; 5. Base station and fiber optic transceiver; 6. Optical cable; 7. Data acquisition server; 8. Back-end network; 9. Monitoring terminal; 10. Mobile terminal; 11. Ethernet to serial port control module; 12. Back-end A39C wireless RF module; 13. Back-end microcontroller controller; 14. Back-end power supply module; 15. ZigBee wireless module; 16. Front-end A39C wireless RF module; 17. Front-end microcontroller controller; 18. Relay; 19. Power supply module; 20. Monitoring box; 21. Switch; 22. Camera; 23. ZigBee network; 24. Power supply cable; 25. Front-end ZigBee network; 26. Receiver network; 27. DTU module. Detailed Implementation

[0029] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0030] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this utility model. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] The existing technology mainly has the following technical problems:

[0032] 1. The remote signal interruption of the oil well automated monitoring system caused the monitoring room personnel to be unable to receive monitoring videos and oil well production data on the network terminal, making it impossible to directly determine whether the oil well has been shut down.

[0033] 2. Communication interruptions caused by the tripping of the oil well control cabinet and the iron shell switch cannot be distinguished from those caused by the tripping of the network bridge or the monitoring power supply, making it impossible to directly determine whether the oil well has been shut down.

[0034] 3. If the lack of monitoring signals occurs during severe weather or at night, personnel on site will not only face significant personal injury risks while traveling, but will also incur time and effort.

[0035] This utility model addresses the problem of not being able to directly determine whether an oil well has stopped operating due to signal interruption in automated oil well monitoring. The following technical solution is proposed: In the event of an interruption in the automated monitoring network and no data collection, first check if there is current in the three phases of the oil well control box. If current data is detected, it can be determined that the oil well is producing normally, and then remote control is implemented: "power off and restart" to restore communication. If no current data is detected, it is determined that the oil well control cabinet is powered off, or the high and low voltage lines are powered off, or there is a fault in the electrical equipment. Then, maintenance is carried out to restore power supply.

[0036] This utility model consists of a front-end detection unit, a monitoring box, an intermediate transmission node, and a back-end control unit. The front-end detection unit is located inside the monitoring box, which is mounted on a monitoring pole. The intermediate transmission node is installed at an optical cable access point and is wirelessly connected to the front-end detection unit via radio frequency signals. The back-end control unit is connected to the intermediate transmission node via an optical cable.

[0037] This front-end detection unit can network and communicate with existing front-end sensors and RTU (Real-Time Unit) intelligent monitoring modules in the oil well. The front-end sensors are located at various sensing positions within the oil well, and the current, temperature, and pressure data they detect are wirelessly transmitted to the RTU. The RTU and the front-end detection unit are connected via the front-end ZIGBEE wireless network. Data read by the front-end detection unit is wirelessly transmitted to an intermediate transmission node via the front-end A39C wireless RF module, and then transmitted to the back-end control program via fiber optic cable. Alternatively, a DTU module can be used to directly send data to a mobile device via a mobile network.

[0038] The front-end detection unit includes a front-end ZIGBEE network, internal cables, and a ZIGBEE wireless module, a front-end A39C wireless radio frequency module, a front-end microcontroller, a relay, a power supply module, and a DTU module connected in sequence. The front-end ZIGBEE network is connected between the oil and water well intelligent monitoring module RTU and the ZIGBEE wireless module, and the internal cables are connected between the power supply module and the power supply of the monitoring box.

[0039] The intermediate transmission node also includes a receiving network, and an Ethernet-to-serial port control module, a back-end A39C wireless radio frequency module, a back-end microcontroller, and a back-end power supply module connected in sequence. The Ethernet-to-serial port control module is connected to the base station and the fiber optic transceiver through the receiving network.

[0040] The back-end control unit includes a data acquisition server, a back-end network, and a monitoring terminal. The data acquisition server is connected to the intermediate transmission node via an optical fiber, and the monitoring terminal is connected to the data acquisition server via the back-end network.

[0041] The front-end detection unit also includes a DTU module, and the back-end control unit also includes a mobile terminal, which communicates with the DTU module via a mobile network.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the front-end detection unit includes a front-end sensor 1, an oil and water well intelligent monitoring module RTU2, a front-end network 3, a bridge and fiber optic transceiver 4, a ZIGBEE wireless module 15, a front-end A39C wireless radio frequency module 16, a front-end microcontroller controller 17, a relay 18, a power module 19, a monitoring box 20, a switch 21, a camera 22, a ZIGBEE network 23, a power supply cable 24, and a front-end ZIGBEE network 25.

[0043] The front-end detection unit is located inside the monitoring box 20, and integrates components such as the ZIGBEE wireless module 15, the front-end A39C wireless radio frequency module 16, the front-end microcontroller controller 17, the relay 18, the power supply module 19, and the DTU module 27.

[0044] The front-end ZIGBEE network 25 is a wireless network composed of the oil and water well intelligent monitoring module RTU2 and the front-end sensor 1. The front-end sensor 1 is located at various sensing positions in the oil well, and the various data such as current, temperature, and pressure detected by it are wirelessly transmitted to the oil and water well intelligent monitoring module RTU2. The front-end ZIGBEE network 23 is wirelessly connected to the front-end ZIGBEE network 25 by the front-end single-chip microcontroller 17 by resetting the parameters of the ZIGBEE wireless module 15.

[0045] The monitoring box 20 is installed on the monitoring pole and includes a front-end detection unit, a network bridge, a fiber optic transceiver 4, a switch 21, a camera 22, and other components. The normally closed contact of the relay 18 is connected in series with the live wire of the leakage current protector in the monitoring box 20. The front-end microcontroller 17 has the function of self-programming control programs, and the core processor completes algorithm detection and logic control. The ZIGBEE wireless module 15 communicates with the oil and water well intelligent monitoring module RTU2 in routing mode via the front-end microcontroller controller 17 and the ZIGBEE network 23, collecting data such as current uploaded by the front-end sensor 1. The front-end A39C wireless RF module 16 and the back-end A39C wireless RF module 12 in the back-end receiver form a wireless network, which can wirelessly transmit the current information detected by the front end and control commands, with a wireless transmission distance of 10 kilometers. The front-end microcontroller controller 17 controls the neutral wire of the monitoring box power supply terminal through the power supply cable 24 and the relay 18 through normally closed contacts, which has the function of power failure restart. The power supply module 19 supplies power to the ZIGBEE wireless module 15, the front-end A39C wireless RF module 16, the front-end microcontroller controller 17, the relay 18 and other components. When permitted, the DTU module can communicate directly with a mobile phone via a mobile network.

[0046] The original four-in-one system connection route was a wireless connection between the bridge and fiber optic transceiver 4 and the base station and fiber optic transceiver 5. Due to power outages, equipment crashes, circuit malfunctions, or weak communication signals in remote wells, data transmission interruptions frequently occurred in the oil and water well intelligent monitoring module RTU2 and the connection interruptions of the switch 21 and camera 22, resulting in the cessation of monitoring of the oil well's operating status.

[0047] The intermediate transmission node, installed at the optical cable access point, wirelessly connects to the front-end detection unit via radio frequency signals and is connected to the optical cable 6 via the Ethernet-to-serial control module 11, serving as a wireless-to-wired forwarding mechanism. It includes the Ethernet-to-serial control module 11, the back-end A39C wireless radio frequency module 12, the back-end microcontroller controller 13, and the back-end power module 14. The back-end power module 14 supplies power to the Ethernet-to-serial control module 11, the back-end A39C wireless radio frequency module 12, and the back-end microcontroller controller 13. The front-end and back-end A39C wireless radio frequency modules 16 and 12 form a wireless network, communicating at a frequency of 433Hz. This network is unaffected by communication failures between the bridge and fiber optic transceiver 4, or between the base station and fiber optic transceiver 5.

[0048] The backend control unit includes a data acquisition server 7, a backend network 8, a monitoring terminal 9, and a mobile terminal 10. The Ethernet-to-serial control module 11 connects to the base station and fiber optic transceiver 5 via the receiving network 26. The base station and fiber optic transceiver 5 send data to the data acquisition server 7, which is then transmitted to the monitoring terminal 9 via the backend network 8 for display and analysis. The data is processed by the radio frequency emergency management system installed on the computer of the monitoring terminal 9, which determines whether to execute a power-off restart command. Simultaneously, it transmits instructions and queries oil well current data, etc., through intermediate transmission nodes.

[0049] During use, different modes are selected according to different environmental requirements. If data confidentiality is not a concern, a mobile network can be selected. This method eliminates the need for intermediate transmission nodes. The front-end monitoring unit is equipped with a corresponding DTU communication module and can register to a commercial mobile network using a dedicated IoT SIM card. An application (APP) is developed on the mobile device 10 as a client to implement communication with the front-end monitoring unit. Monitoring personnel can view the data received from the front-end monitoring unit through the APP and send commands to the front-end monitoring unit through buttons or input boxes on the interface. The commands are transmitted to the front-end microcontroller 16 for processing via the mobile network.

[0050] If data security and confidentiality are required, the data can be sent to the acquisition server 7 via the oilfield-dedicated network base station and fiber optic transceiver 5, and then transmitted to the monitoring terminal 9 for display and analysis via the backend network 8.

[0051] This invention adds cross-transmission node communication functionality. Current data collected by the front-end detection unit is used to determine whether the well has stopped. Complex data transmission is simplified to monitoring the oil well motor current; if the detected current data is normal, it can be determined that the oil well is producing normally.

[0052] This invention enhances radio frequency wireless remote information exchange between self-programmable microcontrollers. It employs a self-programmable microcontroller controller to automatically join the Zigbee network and collect three-phase current data from the RTU. If current is detected, it can power-off and restart the relays inside the monitoring box, resolving the communication interruption problem caused by power tripping in the monitoring box.

[0053] This invention enables separate monitoring of the oil well control cabinet power supply system and the bridge and monitoring box power supply systems. If the front-end detection unit detects that the oil well control cabinet power supply system is powered, it can determine that the bridge and monitoring box power supply systems are powered, and can then send a reset command to the front-end equipment to perform a "power-off restart" measure on the relays in the monitoring box to restore communication. If the front-end detection unit detects that the oil well control cabinet power supply system is de-energized, it can determine that the bridge and monitoring box power supply systems are de-energized, and therefore, it is not necessary for the front-end equipment to send a reset command to perform a "power-off restart" measure on the relays in the monitoring box.

[0054] This invention incorporates terminal monitoring, ensuring stable and reliable transmission. Monitoring is conducted at multiple points using both a monitoring terminal and a mobile phone. The mobile phone can receive and send current detection data and power-off restart commands from the communication network in two ways.

[0055] This invention enables early detection of well shutdowns, preventing and controlling well collapse. Utilizing a secondary detection system, it can monitor current data and operating status in real time, promptly identify the cause of the shutdown, and take timely measures to reopen the well, avoiding well collapse due to prolonged shutdown.

[0056] This utility model terminal is equipped with a radio frequency emergency management system. Current information received and transmitted between the monitoring terminal and the mobile terminal via the communication network is displayed on the radio frequency emergency management system interface. Opening the radio frequency interface and clicking "ping" to connect to the network address, a successful connection results in a reply from the remote device: "Device online." This indicates that a reset command has been sent to the front-end device. After the chip restarts, it will automatically join the ZigBee network. The front-end device communicates with the RTU to read the current, and the RTU returns the three-phase current data.

[0057] The following are several specific embodiments of the application of this utility model.

[0058] Example 1: Method for determining whether a single well has been shut down due to power failure and for restarting intermediate transmission nodes after a power failure.

[0059] (1) The oil well communication is normal, but the video is interrupted. At this time, it can be determined that the camera 22 or the switch 21 is faulty. The intermediate transmission node sends a restart command directly to the front-end microcontroller 17 through the self-programmed back-end microcontroller controller 13 and related components. The front-end microcontroller controller 17 cuts off the power supply to the monitoring box 20 for 5 seconds through the relay 18, completing the power-off restart of the bridge and the monitoring box power supply equipment. The power-off restart is achieved by energizing the relay, which is in a normally open state under the action of the spring, through the self-programmed program. The coil generates an electromagnetic effect, which overcomes the spring force of the contact and disconnects the contact, thereby realizing the power-off restart and restoring the normal communication and video connection of the oil well.

[0060] (2) All communication and video of the oil well are interrupted. There are generally two scenarios for the front-end detection unit and intermediate transmission nodes as follows:

[0061] First, the back-end control unit sends a response command, and the front-end detection unit returns a response, indicating that the oil well equipment is operating. The front-end detection unit may be experiencing a leakage trip in the monitoring box 20, a fault in the bridge and fiber optic transceiver 4, or a fault in the base station and fiber optic transceiver 5. At this time, the back-end A39C wireless RF module 12 can send a query command. The front-end microcontroller controller 17 controls the ZIGBEE wireless module 15 to enter routing mode and connect with the oil and water well intelligent monitoring module RTU2 to read the three-phase current of the oil well control box. This data is then transmitted to the bridge and fiber optic transceiver 4 via the front-end network 3. The back-end microcontroller controller 13 and the back-end A39C wireless RF module 12 receive the three-phase current, and the returned data indicates whether the oil well is operating normally. Alternatively, the monitoring box 20 can be powered off and restarted. This is achieved by the front-end microcontroller controller 17, through a self-programmed program, energizing the relay 18, whose contacts are normally closed under spring action. The coil generates an electromagnetic effect, overcoming the spring force of the contacts and disconnecting them, thus achieving a power-off restart and restoring normal communication between the monitoring box 20, the bridge, and the fiber optic transceiver 4.

[0062] Second, if the front-end detection unit does not respond, it can be determined that the oil well is shut down due to lack of power. The specific cause will be investigated and addressed by the maintenance personnel on-site.

[0063] Example 2:

[0064] The method for determining whether a well group is shut down involves using a monitoring pole to monitor multiple wells. The ZIGBEE wireless module 15 switches between network and channel numbers to communicate with the corresponding oil / water well intelligent monitoring module RTU2. An encapsulation protocol is designed here. The front-end microcontroller 17 performs CRC calculations based on the well number, encapsulates and verifies the calculated network and channel numbers, parses and processes them, and then sends them to the back-end microcontroller 13. This enables functions such as remote control, online query, power-off restart, and reading single-well information.

[0065] Example 3:

[0066] Based on the control distance, the power of the back-end A39C wireless RF module 12 and the front-end A39C wireless RF module 16 are selected. The maximum wireless transmission distance of the A39C RF module is 16km, and one back-end A39C wireless RF module 12 can control multiple front-end A39C wireless RF modules 16. When selecting A39C RF modules with different power levels, the actual industrial control network and spatial environment should be considered.

[0067] Example 4:

[0068] An RF emergency management system is installed on monitoring terminal 9 and mobile terminal 10. Its operation and display process is as follows: The RF interface is opened, and "ping" is clicked to connect to the network address. If the connection is successful, a reply message "Device online" is received from the remote device, indicating that a reset command has been sent to the front-end device. After restarting, the front-end A39C wireless RF module 16 will automatically join the ZIGBEE wireless module 15. The front-end microcontroller 17 communicates with the oil-water well intelligent monitoring module RTU2. The oil-water well intelligent monitoring module RTU2 returns three-phase current data. The back-end microcontroller 13, based on whether three-phase current data is returned, implements remote control, queries online status, power-off restart, and single-well information reading. A controller is installed at a certain injection-production station, and a control module is installed in each well group for remote control. The interface displays three-phase current, and the operation is stable and reliable.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0070] Except for the technical features described in the specification, all other technologies are known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system for oil wells, characterized in that, The remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system for oil wells includes a front-end detection unit, a monitoring box, an intermediate transmission node, and a back-end control unit. The front-end detection unit is located inside the monitoring box, which is mounted on a monitoring pole. The intermediate transmission node is installed at an optical cable access point and is wirelessly connected to the front-end detection unit via radio frequency signals. The back-end control unit is connected to the intermediate transmission node via an optical cable.

2. The remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system for oil wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front-end detection unit includes a front-end ZIGBEE network, a power supply cable, and a ZIGBEE wireless module, a front-end A39C wireless radio frequency module, a front-end microcontroller, a relay, and a power supply module connected in sequence. The front-end ZIGBEE network is connected between the existing oil and water well intelligent monitoring module RTU and the ZIGBEE wireless module. The power supply cable is connected between the network bridge and the fiber optic transceiver and the ZIGBEE wireless module.

3. The oil well remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front-end detection unit communicates with the existing front-end sensors and the oil-water well intelligent monitoring module RTU in a network. The front-end sensors are located at various sensing positions in the oil well, and the current, temperature, and pressure data they detect are wirelessly transmitted to the oil-water well intelligent monitoring module RTU. The oil-water well intelligent monitoring module RTU is connected to the front-end detection unit through a ZIGBEE network.

4. The oil well remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The intermediate transmission node includes a base station and a fiber optic transceiver, and the base station and fiber optic transceiver communicate wirelessly with the front-end detection unit.

5. The remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system for oil wells according to claim 4, characterized in that, The front-end detection unit also includes a switch and a camera, which is connected to the base station and fiber optic transceiver via the switch.

6. The oil well remote automated monitoring secondary detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The intermediate transmission node also includes a receiving network, and an Ethernet-to-serial port control module, a back-end A39C wireless radio frequency module, a back-end microcontroller, and a back-end power supply module connected in sequence. The Ethernet-to-serial port control module is connected to the base station and the fiber optic transceiver through the receiving network.

7. The oil well remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The back-end A39C wireless RF module and the front-end A39C wireless RF module form a wireless network, enabling wireless communication.

8. The oil well remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The back-end control unit includes a data acquisition server, a back-end network, and a monitoring terminal. The data acquisition server is connected to the intermediate transmission node via an optical fiber, and the monitoring terminal is connected to the data acquisition server via the back-end network.

9. The oil well remote automated monitoring and secondary detection system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The front-end detection unit also includes a DTU module, and the back-end control unit also includes a mobile terminal, which communicates with the DTU module via a mobile network.

Images