Heavy-load slider-crank steering mechanism

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of heavy-duty vehicle steering. In order to solve the problem that a steering oil cylinder of a traditional crank sliding block mechanism bears large transverse force, the heavy-load crank sliding block steering mechanism comprises a steering bridge frame body, an axial restraining assembly, a driving piece, a steering knuckle assembly and a tire connecting assembly, the axial restraining assembly comprises a guide column and a guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is arranged on the steering bridge frame body, and the driving piece is arranged on the steering bridge frame body. One end of the guide column is in clearance fit with the guide sleeve, the other end of the guide column is hinged to the connecting rod assembly and the driving piece, the end, away from the guide column, of the driving piece is connected with the steering bridge frame body, and the guide column, the connecting rod assembly and the driving piece are arranged in parallel. The steering knuckle assembly and the steering bridge body form a rotating pair through the main pin, the driving piece is parallel to the guide column, the movable end of the driving piece is hinged to the guide column, transverse deviation of the driving piece is limited, and the failure rate and cost of the driving piece are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of heavy-duty vehicle steering technology, and in particular relates to a heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most heavy-duty transport vehicles used in underground coal mines employ articulated steering systems. The vehicle consists of a front frame and a rear frame, connected by a hinge pin. Two steering cylinders are installed at the hinge point. During steering, one cylinder extends while the other retracts, forcing the front and rear frames to angle and thus achieving vehicle steering. This steering method causes the tires to slip on the ground during steering, resulting in poor safety and passability, severe tire wear, and excessively high production and operating costs.

[0003] The underground transfer equipment has a scraper transport trough in the middle. The articulated steering mechanism of traditional heavy-duty equipment is difficult to arrange. The traditional crank-slider steering mechanism has a simple and compact structure, independent steering axle, convenient structural arrangement and small turning angle error, which helps to reduce steering resistance and tire wear. At the same time, the traditional crank-slider steering mechanism has a large transmission angle, which makes it easy to achieve a large maximum inner wheel turning angle, which helps to reduce the minimum turning radius of the equipment. However, the steering cylinder of the traditional crank-slider mechanism is subjected to lateral force, especially when used on heavy-duty equipment, the steering cylinder is prone to damage and has a high failure rate. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism that can reduce the lateral force on the steering cylinder and reduce the failure rate of the steering cylinder.

[0005] This utility model provides a heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism, including a bogie body, an axial constraint assembly, a drive component, a steering knuckle assembly, and a tire connection assembly;

[0006] The axial constraint assembly includes a guide post and a guide sleeve. The guide sleeve is disposed on the bogie body. One end of the guide post is clearance-fitted with the guide sleeve. The other end of the guide post is connected to the steering knuckle assembly via a connecting rod assembly. The other end of the guide post is hinged to the moving end of the connecting rod assembly and the drive member. The end of the drive member away from the guide post is connected to the bogie body. The guide post, the connecting rod assembly, and the drive member are all arranged in parallel. The steering knuckle assembly connects the bogie body and the tire connection assembly. The steering knuckle assembly forms a rotating pair with the bogie body via a kingpin.

[0007] Optionally, the surface of the guide post is provided with a number of keyways along the axial direction, and the inner wall of the guide sleeve is provided with a number of sliding keys corresponding to the number of keyways.

[0008] Optionally, the steering knuckle assembly includes two symmetrically arranged steering knuckles, which are respectively connected to both ends of the steering bridge body via kingpins, and the axis of the kingpins is perpendicular to the mounting horizontal plane of the steering bridge body.

[0009] Optionally, the linkage assembly includes at least one pair of steering links, and each end of the steering link is provided with a spherical bearing at its hinge point.

[0010] Optionally, the end of the steering bridge body is provided with a bearing hole, the kingpin passes through the bearing hole and connects to the steering knuckle assembly, a needle roller bearing is provided in the bearing hole, the outer ring of the needle roller bearing is interference-fitted with the bearing hole, the inner ring of the needle roller bearing is clearance-fitted with the kingpin, and a thrust ball bearing is provided at the axial end of the kingpin.

[0011] Optionally, the tire connection assembly includes a connecting disc and an end cap, the connecting disc being connected to the steering knuckle assembly, and the end cap being disposed at the end of the connecting disc away from the steering knuckle assembly to form a sealed cavity.

[0012] Optionally, at least one pair of tapered roller bearings are provided between the connecting disc and the steering knuckle assembly.

[0013] The technical solution provided by this utility model embodiment has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0014] This utility model provides a heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism. By setting a guide post parallel to the driving component, and hinged one end of the guide post to the movable end of the driving component and the steering linkage, the movable end of the driving component moves along the extension direction of the guide post, restricting the lateral offset of the driving component, thereby reducing the lateral force on the driving component, lowering the failure rate and cost of the driving component, and the steering linkage rotates under the drive of the extension and retraction movement of the driving component, thereby realizing the rotation of the tire connecting assembly around the axial direction of the kingpin, thus realizing the rotation of the vehicle, reducing the phenomenon of vehicle slippage, and improving the accuracy of steering control. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the main pin portion as described in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the steering linkage, guide column, and drive component as described in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0020] The components include: 1. Steering bridge body; 2. Drive component; 3. Steering link; 4. Guide column; 5. Guide sleeve; 6. Steering knuckle; 7. Spherical plain bearing; 8. Kingpin; 9. Connecting disc; 10. End cover; 11. Needle roller bearing; 12. Thrust ball bearing; 13. Tapered roller bearing; 14. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the solution of this utility model will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of this utility model and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0022] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism, including a steering bridge body 1, an axial constraint assembly, a drive component 2, a steering knuckle assembly, and a tire connection assembly.

[0024] Continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, the steering bridge body 1 has a left-right symmetrical structure. The steering bridge body 1 includes a connecting part and two bridge plates connected to each other. The two bridge plates are arranged in parallel and are symmetrical about the center line of the connecting part. The axial constraint assembly includes a guide column 4 and a guide sleeve 5. The steering knuckle assembly includes two steering knuckles 6 arranged symmetrically. The connecting rod assembly includes at least one pair of steering connecting rods 3. The tire connection assembly includes a connecting disc 9 and an end cover 10.

[0025] Among them, the driving component 2 is a steering cylinder. A steering cylinder is provided on both sides of the connecting part. The end of the cylinder body of the steering cylinder is fixed to the connecting part. The end of the piston rod of the steering cylinder is hinged to the steering linkage 3 and the guide column 4 through the pin. The guide sleeve 5 is fixedly set on the connecting part. The end of the guide column 4 away from the steering linkage 3 is clearance-fitted with the guide sleeve 5. Bearing holes are opened at the ends of the two bridge plates. The main pin 8 passes through the bearing hole to connect the steering bridge body 1 and the steering knuckle 6. The steering knuckle 6 is hinged to the steering linkage 3. The connecting plate 9 is connected to the steering knuckle 6 and fixed by the nut 14. The end cover 10 is set at the end of the connecting plate 9 away from the steering knuckle 6 to form a sealed cavity, thereby preventing impurities from entering the interior of the steering mechanism.

[0026] Specifically, the surface of the guide post 4 is provided with several keyways along the axial direction, and the inner wall of the guide sleeve 5 is provided with several sliding keys corresponding to the keyways, so that the guide post 4 and the guide sleeve 5 form a sliding pair. The guide sleeve 5 is fixed to the connecting part by welding or threaded connection to ensure the positional accuracy and load-bearing capacity of the guide sleeve 5. By setting matching keyways and sliding keys, the sliding direction of the guide post 4 is guaranteed to be unique, and the guide post 4 is prevented from rotating around its axial direction during sliding, so that the driving component 2 only bears axial force and the piston rod of the driving component 2 is prevented from bending. The guide post 4, the connecting rod assembly and the driving component 2 are all arranged in parallel, so that the piston rod of the driving component 2 moves along the extension direction of the guide post 4, thereby limiting the lateral displacement of the driving component 2. The piston rod of the driving component 2 extends or retracts, driving the steering linkage 3 to rotate. The steering linkage 3 drives the steering knuckle 6 to rotate, so that the connecting disc 9 rotates around the axis of the kingpin 8 to achieve steering.

[0027] The components of this steering mechanism are arranged in a compact manner and are easy to disassemble and assemble. By setting a guide post 4 parallel to the drive component 2, and hinged to the guide post 4 at one end of the drive component 2, the lateral displacement of the drive component 2 is restricted, the lateral force on the drive component 2 is reduced, the failure rate of the drive component 2 is reduced, and thus the cost is reduced.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the axis of the kingpin 8 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the steering bridge body 1, so that the rotation axis of the steering knuckle 6 is always orthogonal to the vehicle chassis plane, avoiding errors in steering angle caused by axial offset of the kingpin 8, ensuring pure rolling of the tire around the axis of the kingpin 8, reducing slippage, and thus improving the accuracy of steering control.

[0029] Reference Figure 3 As shown, spherical bearings 16 are provided at the hinge points at both ends of the steering linkage 3. The spherical bearings 16 are used to adaptively adjust the angle of the steering linkage 3 during movement, reduce rigid friction at the hinge points, avoid movement jamming, improve steering smoothness, and adapt to the impact load of complex underground road conditions.

[0030] Reference Figure 2 As shown, a needle roller bearing 11 is installed in the bearing bore. The outer ring of the needle roller bearing 11 is interference-fitted with the bearing bore, and the inner ring of the needle roller bearing 11 is clearance-fitted with the kingpin 8. A thrust ball bearing 12 is installed at the axial end of the kingpin 8. The needle roller bearing 11 is used to bear the radial load of the kingpin 8, such as the vehicle's own weight and lateral force. The needle roller bearing 11 can replace sliding friction with rolling friction, reducing the rotational resistance of the kingpin 8. The thrust ball bearing 12 is used to bear the axial thrust, such as the axial reaction force generated when the drive component 2 is working, preventing the kingpin 8 from directly contacting the steering bridge body 1 and causing wear. It can also reduce axial friction through the rolling of the internal balls, ensuring the smooth rotation of the kingpin 8.

[0031] Continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, at least one pair of tapered roller bearings 13 are provided between the connecting disc 9 and the steering knuckle 6. During heavy-load steering, the connecting disc 9 will be subjected to the vertical pressure of the vehicle and the axial thrust transmitted by the steering linkage 3 at the same time. The tapered roller bearings 13 can withstand the radial load and the circumferential load at the same time, thereby avoiding overload failure. The tapered roller bearings 13 can be adjusted by the nut 14 to eliminate the internal clearance of the tapered roller bearings 13, ensuring that the connection between the connecting disc 9 and the steering knuckle 6 is rigidly transmitted without clearance, avoiding steering lag and tire wobble caused by bearing loosening, thereby reducing abnormal tire wear.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0033] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the utility model herein.

Claims

1. A heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism, characterized in that, It includes a steering bridge body (1), an axial restraint assembly, a drive component (2), a steering knuckle assembly, and a tire connection assembly; The axial constraint assembly includes a guide post (4) and a guide sleeve (5). The guide sleeve (5) is disposed on the steering bridge body (1). One end of the guide post (4) is clearance-fitted with the guide sleeve (5). The other end of the guide post (4) is connected to the steering knuckle assembly through a connecting rod assembly. The other end of the guide post (4) is hinged to the moving end of the connecting rod assembly and the drive member (2). The end of the drive member (2) away from the guide post (4) is connected to the steering bridge body (1). The guide post (4), the connecting rod assembly, and the drive member (2) are all arranged in parallel. The steering knuckle assembly connects the steering bridge body (1) and the tire connection assembly. The steering knuckle assembly forms a rotating pair with the steering bridge body (1) through a kingpin (8).

2. The heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the guide post (4) is provided with a number of keyways along the axial direction, and the inner wall of the guide sleeve (5) is provided with a number of sliding keys corresponding to the number of keyways.

3. The heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steering knuckle assembly includes two symmetrically arranged steering knuckles (6), which are respectively connected to both ends of the steering bridge body (1) via kingpins (8), and the axis of the kingpins (8) is perpendicular to the mounting horizontal plane of the steering bridge body (1).

4. The heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage assembly includes at least one pair of steering links (3), and each end of the steering link (3) is provided with a spherical bearing (7) at its hinge.

5. A heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steering bridge body (1) has a bearing hole at its end. The kingpin (8) passes through the bearing hole and is connected to the steering knuckle assembly. A needle roller bearing (11) is provided in the bearing hole. The outer ring of the needle roller bearing (11) is interference-fitted with the bearing hole. The inner ring of the needle roller bearing (11) is clearance-fitted with the kingpin (8). A thrust ball bearing (12) is provided at the axial end of the kingpin (8).

6. The heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tire connection assembly includes a connecting disc (9) and an end cap (10). The connecting disc (9) is connected to the steering knuckle assembly, and the end cap (10) is disposed at the end of the connecting disc (9) away from the steering knuckle assembly to form a sealed cavity.

7. A heavy-duty crank-slider steering mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least one pair of tapered roller bearings (13) are provided between the connecting disc (9) and the steering knuckle assembly.

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