Support type swing shock isolation device based on single spherical support

Abstract

The utility model discloses a supporting type swing shock isolation device based on a single spherical support. The supporting type swing shock isolation device comprises a shock absorption body, the supporting main body is used for supporting the damping main body placed on the supporting main body; the single spherical support is located between the damping main body and the supporting main body; wherein the single spherical support and the damping main body are fixed into a whole or integrally formed; a first curved surface protruding downwards is arranged on the bottom face of each single-spherical-surface support, correspondingly, an upper connecting concave curved surface concave downwards is arranged on the top face of the supporting body, the first curved surfaces abut against the upper connecting concave curved surface and can slide along the upper connecting concave curved surface, and the damping body can swing relative to the supporting body through at least one single-spherical-surface support so as to isolate shock. According to the shock isolation device, the earthquake acting force of the shock isolation device can be reduced, the dynamic response of a main structure under the earthquake action is reduced, the safety of the shock isolation device is guaranteed, and the manufacturing cost is reduced by adopting a supporting type swing shock isolation method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vibration reduction, and more specifically to a supported swing vibration isolation device based on a single spherical support. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most thermal power plants do not employ seismic isolation connections, meaning the entire mass of the equipment participates in seismic operations. Due to the enormous mass of some heavy equipment (such as coal hoppers, deaerators, and various heaters in thermal power plants), for example, a single unit in a 600MW thermal power plant, when fully loaded with coal, weighs over 1000t, with 12-14 units totaling over 10,000t; a single deaerator, when fully filled with water, weighs over 800t; and various high- and low-pressure heaters each weigh over 150t, with 5-8 units totaling over 1500t. These devices generate enormous seismic inertial forces, exerting significant horizontal seismic forces on the main structure. Furthermore, the uneven mass distribution of the main structure creates irregularities, leading to greater seismic risk and higher construction costs. Simultaneously, the equipment itself is also more susceptible to seismic damage.

[0003] Existing technologies have explored vibration isolation solutions for electrical equipment to some extent, such as using rubber vibration isolation devices, suspended swing devices, and composite damping devices combining rubber and dampers. The invention patent titled "Equipment Support Device," with authorization publication number CN102381524B, discloses a technical solution for vibration isolation of electrical equipment using rubber or spring vibration isolation supports. The invention patent titled "Suspended Equipment Vibration Isolation Structure for Improving the Seismic Performance of Main Power Plant Buildings," with authorization publication number CN105544760B, discloses a method of achieving swing-type vibration isolation by suspending the device from the upper frame beam. The invention patent entitled "Support-type device vibration reduction structure for improving the seismic performance of the main building of thermal power plant" with authorization announcement number CN103088906B discloses a composite scheme of rubber seismic isolation bearing and damper. It adds a damper to the rubber seismic isolation device, adjusts the vibration period of the device to be close to the period of the supporting body, and enhances the energy dissipation effect through the damper, so as to further reduce the impact of the seismic response of the device on the main structure and improve the composite vibration reduction effect.

[0004] However, the above technical solutions still have various problems and cannot be used in actual engineering projects:

[0005] 1. If rubber seismic isolation devices are used, their stiffness is controlled by the coal volume in the device. Changes in coal volume will significantly alter the isolation period, resulting in highly unstable isolation performance. The difference in the structure's period between a full and empty coal load is substantial, making it impossible to achieve the designed isolation effect. Furthermore, rubber seismic isolation bearings lack self-resetting capability and will be damaged after a major earthquake, requiring replacement. In addition, rubber products have poor durability, making it impossible to guarantee stable performance over long-term use.

[0006] 2. Suspended seismic isolation systems are less safe than supported systems. Furthermore, the suspension components themselves provide damping and stiffness, which can deviate from the seismic isolation design and reduce its effectiveness. They are also susceptible to damage after an earthquake; lateral swaying at the epicenter can cause component fatigue, effectively reducing the overall system's safety redundancy. Suspended systems also require additional dampers to limit swaying, and these are difficult to replace if damaged. Installation of suspended systems is also more challenging, requiring temporary fixation in the air, increasing construction costs.

[0007] 3. If a composite vibration isolation device using rubber and dampers is adopted, it still suffers from the problems mentioned above with rubber vibration isolation devices. Because its isolation bearings are controlled by the coal volume within the device, changes in the coal volume significantly affect its isolation period and isolation effect, resulting in unstable stiffness. The added dampers require specific optimization design algorithms to adjust their stiffness, leading to increased system complexity, reduced practicality, and ultimately, less than ideal vibration reduction performance.

[0008] Therefore, there is currently a lack of a device in the field that can effectively overcome the above problems and thus provide more economical, convenient, durable, efficient and precise shock absorption. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a supported swing isolation device based on a single spherical support. This supported swing isolation device can reduce the seismic force, reduce the dynamic response of the main structure under seismic action, ensure its safety, and reduce the cost by using the supported swing isolation method.

[0010] This utility model provides a supported swing isolation device based on a single spherical support, the isolation device comprising:

[0011] The main body of the shock absorber;

[0012] Support body, the support body being used to support the shock-absorbing body placed thereon; and

[0013] At least one single spherical support is provided, wherein the single spherical support is located between the damping body and the supporting body;

[0014] The single spherical support is fixed to the damping body as a whole or formed in one piece; the bottom surface of the single spherical support has a downwardly convex first curved surface, and correspondingly, the top surface of the supporting body has a downwardly concave upper connecting concave curved surface. The first curved surface abuts against the upper connecting concave curved surface and can slide along the upper connecting concave curved surface. The damping body can swing relative to the supporting body through at least one of the single spherical supports to isolate vibration.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment, the first surface of each of the spherical supports has the same radius of curvature; correspondingly, each of the upper connecting concave surfaces of the support body has the same radius of curvature.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment, the first curved surface of the single spherical support and the upper connecting concave curved surface of the support body are both friction surfaces.

[0017] In another preferred embodiment, the centers of the circles containing the first curved surface of the single spherical support and the upper connecting concave curved surface of the support body are on a straight line.

[0018] In another preferred embodiment, the lower part of the damping body is provided with an extension, which is a portion extending downward from the lower outer edge of the damping body toward the support body, and the extension is used to define the range of motion of the single spherical support corresponding to the damping body.

[0019] In another preferred embodiment, the seismic isolation device has an equivalent radius of curvature R, which is the radius R1 of the first curved surface, and the range of R is 1-3 meters.

[0020] This utility model provides a supported swing vibration isolation device, which includes:

[0021] The main body of the shock absorber;

[0022] Support body, the support body being used to support the shock-absorbing body placed thereon; and

[0023] At least one spherical support is provided, the spherical support being located between the damping body and the supporting body;

[0024] The bottom surface of the spherical support has a downwardly convex first curved surface, and correspondingly, the top surface of the support body has a downwardly concave upper connecting concave curved surface. The first curved surface abuts against the upper connecting concave curved surface and can slide along the upper connecting concave curved surface. The shock-absorbing body can swing relative to the support body through at least one of the spherical supports to isolate vibration.

[0025] In another preferred embodiment, the shock absorber is a non-powered device, such as a coal hopper, deaerator, or heat exchanger.

[0026] In another preferred embodiment, the supporting structure is a steel structure or a concrete structure.

[0027] In another preferred embodiment, the pipe connected to the shock-absorbing body is made of a flexible material such as a metal hose, and the deformation capacity of the flexible connection should be designed to ensure that the seismic force will not cause damage to the pipe under earthquake conditions.

[0028] In another preferred embodiment, the spherical support is fixed to the damping body as a single unit.

[0029] In another preferred embodiment, the spherical support and the damping body are integrally formed.

[0030] In another preferred embodiment, the spherical support and the damping body are independent components.

[0031] In another preferred embodiment, the spherical support is a disc-shaped structure that is thick in the middle and thin at the edges.

[0032] In another preferred embodiment, the spherical supports are arranged at even intervals to support the main body of the device.

[0033] In another preferred embodiment, the top surface of the spherical support has an upwardly convex second curved surface, and correspondingly, the bottom surface of the damping body has an upwardly concave lower connecting concave curved surface, the second curved surface abuts against the lower connecting concave curved surface, and the second curved surface and the upper connecting concave curved surface are slidable.

[0034] In another preferred embodiment, the first surface of each of the spherical supports has the same radius of curvature; the second surface of each of the spherical supports has the same radius of curvature.

[0035] In another preferred embodiment, each of the upper connecting concave surfaces of the support body has the same radius of curvature.

[0036] In another preferred embodiment, each of the lower connecting concave surfaces of the shock-absorbing body has the same radius of curvature.

[0037] In another preferred embodiment, the first and second curved surfaces of the spherical support, the lower connecting concave curved surface of the damping body, and the upper connecting concave curved surface of the support body are all friction surfaces.

[0038] It should be noted that the friction coefficients of the second curved surface and the first curved surface of the spherical support, the lower connecting concave curved surface of the damping body, and the upper connecting concave curved surface of the support body can be designed according to actual needs, and they can be the same or different.

[0039] In another preferred embodiment, the friction between the spherical support and the damping body is greater than the friction between the surface support and the supporting body.

[0040] In another preferred embodiment, the centers of the circles containing the second curved surface of the spherical support, the first curved surface, the lower connecting concave curved surface of the damping body, and the upper connecting concave curved surface of the support body are all on a straight line.

[0041] In another preferred embodiment, the lower connecting concave surface of the shock absorber body is provided with an extension portion, which is a portion extending downward from the outer edge of the lower connecting concave surface of the shock absorber body toward the support body. The extension portion is used to limit the range of motion of the spherical support corresponding to the shock absorber body. That is, it limits the swing amplitude of the shock absorber body so that the shock absorber body will not swing excessively and slip or tip over.

[0042] In another preferred embodiment, the seismic isolation device has an equivalent radius of curvature R, which is the difference between the sum of the radius R1 of the first surface and the radius R2 of the second surface, minus the thickness d of the spherical support. R ranges from 1 to 3 meters. Preferably, the ratio of R1 to R2 is 0.8 to 1.2; more preferably, the ratio of R1 to R2 is 1, i.e., R1 = R2.

[0043] In another preferred embodiment, when the spherical support and the damping body are fixed together or integrally formed, the vibration isolation device has an equivalent radius of curvature R that is the radius R1 of the first surface.

[0044] In another preferred embodiment, the equivalent radius of curvature R is obtained by the following formula:

[0045]

[0046] In the formula, T S The structural period is expressed in seconds.

[0047] M represents the mass of the supporting structure, in kilograms.

[0048] m is the mass of the shock absorber body, in kilograms;

[0049] μ is the coefficient of kinetic friction;

[0050] D represents the horizontal displacement of the spherical support, in meters.

[0051] g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0052] In another preferred embodiment, the structural period T is obtained through design parameters and actual conditions. S Substituting the mass M of the supporting body, the mass m of the damping body, the dynamic friction coefficient μ, and the horizontal displacement D of the spherical support into the above formula, we obtain the equivalent radius of curvature R.

[0053] In another preferred embodiment, the optimal frequency ratio f optand optimal damping ratio ξ opt It is obtained by calculation using the following formula:

[0054]

[0055] In another preferred embodiment, the equivalent radius of curvature R is obtained by the following formula:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, TR is the conductivity ratio;

[0058] ω g External excitation frequency, unit: Hertz;

[0059] μ is the coefficient of kinetic friction;

[0060] D represents the horizontal displacement of the spherical support, in meters.

[0061] g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0062] In another preferred embodiment, the main frequency range ω of the earthquake is obtained by referring to the Kanai-Tajimi spectrum. g The required seismic isolation efficiency TR is determined and the design horizontal displacement D is given. The friction coefficient μ or equivalent radius of curvature R is determined, and another parameter is calculated. After iterative calculation, the optimal parameter combination that meets the actual situation is obtained.

[0063] It should be understood that, within the scope of this utility model, the above-described technical features of this utility model and the technical features specifically described below (such as in the embodiments) can be combined with each other to form new or preferred technical solutions. Due to space limitations, they will not be described in detail here. Attached Figure Description

[0064] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0065] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a supported swing isolation device based on a single spherical support in one embodiment of this utility model;

[0066] Figure 2 The equivalent radius of curvature R of the seismic isolation device with a single spherical support in one embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0067] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the vibration isolation device based on tuned mass damping in one embodiment of this utility model with a single spherical support.

[0068] Figure 4 This is a comparison of the seismic resistance of a single spherical bearing seismic isolation device with that of a non-seismic isolation building in one embodiment of this utility model.

[0069] The labels in each of the attached figures are as follows:

[0070] 1-Shock absorber body;

[0071] 2-Supporting main body;

[0072] 3-Single spherical support;

[0073] 4-First surface;

[0074] 5- Connect the concave surface. Detailed Implementation

[0075] Through extensive and in-depth research and screening, the inventors have developed for the first time a supported swing isolation device based on a single spherical support. Compared with existing technologies, this supported swing isolation device reduces seismic forces, lowers the dynamic response of the main structure under seismic loads, ensures safety, and reduces construction costs by using a supported swing isolation method. This invention was completed based on these findings.

[0076] the term

[0077] As used in this article, the term "support structure" refers to the structure in multi-story industrial buildings where some heavy equipment is placed on floors due to process requirements. For such equipment, a support structure (such as steel piers, concrete piers, sliding plate piers, etc.) needs to be installed on the floor to transfer the equipment load to the support structure.

[0078] As used in this article, the term "coal hopper" is also called a raw coal bin, which is a container used in thermal power plants to temporarily store coal before it enters the coal mill. It is supported or suspended in the coal bin room and can be made of steel or concrete.

[0079] As used in this article, the term "seismic isolation" refers to a measure that reduces and isolates the seismic response by making the structure more flexible by extending its period.

[0080] As used in this article, the term "oscillation" refers to a movement that can sway from side to side under the action of a horizontal force, but will eventually stop vibrating due to damping energy dissipation.

[0081] This utility model provides a supported swing vibration isolation device, which is a supported swing vibration isolation device with a specific structure.

[0082] Typically, the support device of this utility model belongs to equipment vibration isolation technology. The damping body rests on the support body, which is a coal bunker structure in a thermal power plant, and can be a frame structure or a concrete structure. The damping body can be a concrete device or a steel device. The damping body is a conventional device. The connection point between the damping body and the support body adopts a spherical bearing (similar to a friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing in buildings), so that when the support body swings left and right under the influence of an earthquake, the damping body can swing relative to the support body, resulting in less inertial force affecting it. Multiple spherical bearings can be placed around the damping body. To ensure that the damping body has only one definite period, these spherical bearings of the support device should have the same radius of curvature. The damping body adopts a lower support method, with the lower bearing supporting the spherical surface of the metal bearing at the connection point with the support body. The spherical surface is covered with friction material. Different surface materials can be filled on the interface of the spherical bearing to generate different friction forces, which can play a role in energy dissipation.

[0083] The supported swing isolation device of this utility model is actually a sliding isolation technology. By separating the supporting body or foundation from the protected part, the seismic force transmitted from the foundation to the upper structure is greatly reduced, and the maximum horizontal force transmitted is the maximum frictional force, thereby playing a role in protecting the supporting body and isolating it from the ground.

[0084] According to the relevant content of GB / T 37358—2019 "Friction Pendulum Seismic Isolation Bearing for Buildings", the oscillation period T (unit: seconds) of the friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing is:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, R′ is the oscillation radius in meters; g is the acceleration due to gravity, usually taken as 9.81 m / s². 2 .

[0087] The equivalent stiffness K of the friction pendulum isolation bearing eff (Unit: N / m) is:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula: R is the equivalent radius of curvature, in meters; μ is the coefficient of dynamic friction; D is the horizontal displacement of the spherical support, in meters; P is the vertical load on the spherical support, in Newtons.

[0090] The equivalent period T of the friction pendulum isolation bearing e (Unit: seconds) is:

[0091]

[0092] The equivalent damping ratio of the friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing is:

[0093]

[0094] It can be seen that the equivalent period T of the friction pendulum isolation bearing e It is independent of the vertical load P, meaning it has the same isolation period under different coal volumes, and can always play a stable isolation role. Furthermore, its friction surface can provide damping under earthquakes of different intensities, producing an energy dissipation effect, eliminating the need for additional dampers, thus simplifying construction and installation and reducing costs.

[0095] Method 1: From the perspective of tuned mass damping, its schematic diagram is as follows. Figure 4 As shown.

[0096] From the perspective of tuned mass damping, the device and related building structure can be simplified into a two-degree-of-freedom mass string model, where the supporting main body and the damping main body are simplified to degrees of freedom M and m, respectively. Under seismic excitation... The dynamic equations are as follows:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, M is the mass of the supporting main body, in kilograms; m is the mass of the shock-absorbing main body, in kilograms; The acceleration (relative acceleration) supporting the main body, unit: m / s² 2 ; The acceleration (relative acceleration) of the damping element, unit: m / s² 2 C represents the damping of the main support structure, in Ns / m; c represents the damping of the main shock absorber structure, in Ns / m. and For velocity, the unit is m / s; X and x are displacements, the unit is m; K is the stiffness of the supporting structure, the unit is N / m; k is the stiffness of the damping structure, the unit is N / m. The unit for earthquake ground acceleration is m / s². 2 .

[0099] At this point, the optimal frequency ratio f based on the mass ratio γ can be obtained using the simplex method optimization algorithm. opt and optimal damping ratio ξ opt The following is an example calculation formula:

[0100]

[0101] Combining the above formulas, given relevant parameters such as mass ratio and structural period, substitute them into the equations and solve them simultaneously:

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, T S The structural period is expressed in seconds.

[0104] We can obtain:

[0105]

[0106] Method 2: Based on seismic isolation theory, the following derivation of the vibration response for a single-degree-of-freedom seismically isolated structure subjected to harmonic excitation is available:

[0107]

[0108] β=T e ω g ;

[0109] In the formula, TR is the conduction ratio, λ is the dynamic amplification factor, β is the excitation frequency ratio, and ω is the excitation frequency ratio. g The external excitation frequency is expressed in Hertz (Hz).

[0110] Substituting and simplifying, we get:

[0111]

[0112] The main frequency range ω of earthquakes can be calculated by referring to the Kanai-Tajimi spectrum. g Therefore, TR is only related to the friction coefficient μ and the equivalent radius of curvature R of the friction pendulum isolation bearing. After determining the required isolation efficiency TR and giving the design horizontal displacement D, the friction coefficient or equivalent radius of curvature can be determined according to the actual situation, and then another parameter can be calculated. After iterative calculation, the optimal parameter combination that meets the actual situation can be obtained.

[0113] The main advantages of this utility model include:

[0114] (a) The stiffness of the device and its own isolation period are minimally affected by the capacity of the device (e.g., coal capacity, water capacity, etc.), and the isolation effect is reliable.

[0115] (b) The device does not require additional dampers, making construction simple, easy to construct, reliable, and reducing construction costs.

[0116] (c) The device is undamaged under a major earthquake and does not need to be replaced after the earthquake; moreover, the device can return to its original position under the action of gravity after the earthquake without adjustment, and has better seismic toughness.

[0117] (d) If repairs or replacements are needed due to unforeseen circumstances, they are relatively easy to make, thus reducing the cost of replacements.

[0118] (e) The main metal structure has good durability.

[0119] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are schematic diagrams, and therefore the device and apparatus of the present invention are not limited to the size or scale of the schematic diagrams.

[0120] It should be noted that in the claims and specification of this patent, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0121] Example

[0122] The supported swing isolation device based on a single spherical support in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown. The vibration isolation device includes a damping body 1 (shown as a horizontal deaerator), a support body 2 for supporting the damping body 1 placed thereon, and four single spherical supports 3 evenly spaced between the damping body 1 and the support body 2.

[0123] like Figure 2 As shown, the single spherical support 3 is fixed to the damping body 1 as a whole or is integrally formed. The bottom surface of the single spherical support 3 has a downwardly convex first curved surface 4. Correspondingly, the top surface of the supporting body 2 has a downwardly concave upper connecting concave curved surface 5. The first curved surface 4 abuts against the upper connecting concave curved surface 5 and can slide along the upper connecting concave curved surface 5. The damping body 1 can swing relative to the supporting body 2 through the four single spherical supports 3 to isolate vibration.

[0124] Both the first curved surface 4 and the upper connecting concave curved surface 5 of the supporting body 2 are friction surfaces. In the four single-spherical supports 3, the radius of curvature of the first curved surface 4 of each single-spherical support 3 is the same; correspondingly, the radius of curvature of each upper connecting concave curved surface 5 of the supporting body 2 is the same. The centers of the circles containing the first curved surface 4 of the single-spherical support 3 and the upper connecting concave curved surface 5 of the supporting body 2 are all on a straight line.

[0125] The lower part of the damping body 1 is provided with an extension (not shown). The extension is a portion that extends downward from the outer edge of the lower connecting concave curved surface 7 of the damping body 1 toward the support body 2. The extension is used to limit the range of motion of the single spherical support 3 corresponding to the damping body 1. That is, it limits the swing amplitude of the damping body 1 so that the damping body 1 will not swing excessively and slip or tip over.

[0126] The following describes in detail how to obtain a better equivalent radius of curvature R (i.e., the radius R1 of the first surface 4) for a single spherical support.

[0127] According to the relevant content of GB / T 37358—2019 "Friction Pendulum Seismic Isolation Bearing for Buildings", the oscillation period T (unit: seconds) of the friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing is:

[0128]

[0129] In the formula, R′ is the oscillation radius in meters; g is the acceleration due to gravity, usually taken as 9.81 m / s². 2 .

[0130] The equivalent stiffness K of the friction pendulum isolation bearing eff (Unit: N / m) is:

[0131]

[0132] In the formula: R is the equivalent radius of curvature, in meters; μ is the coefficient of dynamic friction; D is the horizontal displacement of the single spherical support 3, in meters; P is the vertical load on the single spherical support 3, in Newtons.

[0133] The equivalent period T of the friction pendulum isolation bearing e (Unit: seconds) is:

[0134]

[0135] The equivalent damping ratio of the friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing is:

[0136]

[0137] It can be seen that the equivalent period T of the friction pendulum isolation bearing e It is independent of the vertical load P, meaning it has the same isolation period under different coal volumes, and can always play a stable isolation role. Furthermore, its friction surface can provide damping under earthquakes of different intensities, producing an energy dissipation effect, eliminating the need for additional dampers, thus simplifying construction and installation and reducing costs.

[0138] Method 1: From the perspective of tuned mass damping, its schematic diagram is as follows. Figure 3 As shown.

[0139] From the perspective of tuned mass damping, the device and related building structure can be simplified into a two-degree-of-freedom mass string model, where the supporting main body 2 and the damping main body 1 are simplified to degrees of freedom M and m, respectively. Under seismic excitation... The dynamic equations are as follows:

[0140]

[0141] In the formula, M is the mass of the supporting body 2, in kilograms; m is the mass of the shock-absorbing body 1, in kilograms; The acceleration (relative acceleration) supporting the main body 2, unit: m / s² 2 ; The acceleration (relative acceleration) of the damping body 1, unit: m / s² 2 C represents the damping of the main support structure (2nd damping), in Ns / m; c represents the damping of the main shock absorber structure (1st damping), in Ns / m. and For velocity, the unit is m / s; X and x are displacements, the unit is m; K is the stiffness of the supporting body 2, the unit is N / m; k is the stiffness of the damping body 1, the unit is N / m. The unit for earthquake ground acceleration is m / s². 2 .

[0142] At this point, the optimal frequency ratio f based on the mass ratio γ can be obtained using the simplex method optimization algorithm. opt and optimal damping ratio ξ opt The following is an example calculation formula:

[0143]

[0144] Combining the above formulas, given relevant parameters such as mass ratio and structural period, substitute them into the equations and solve them simultaneously:

[0145]

[0146] In the formula, T S The structural period is expressed in seconds.

[0147] We can obtain:

[0148]

[0149] In other words, the structural period T is obtained through design parameters and actual conditions. S Substituting the mass M of the supporting body 2, the mass m of the damping body 1, the dynamic friction coefficient μ, and the horizontal displacement D of the single spherical support 3 into the following formula, the equivalent radius of curvature R can be obtained. Substituting this into the above formula, the optimal frequency ratio f can be obtained. opt and optimal damping ratio ξ opt .

[0150]

[0151] In the formula, T S The structural period is expressed in seconds.

[0152] M represents the mass of the supporting structure 2, in kilograms.

[0153] m is the mass of the shock absorber body 1, in kilograms;

[0154] μ is the coefficient of kinetic friction;

[0155] D represents the horizontal displacement of the single spherical support 3, in meters;

[0156] g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0157] The range of R is 1-3 meters.

[0158] An example of the calculation process for the tuned mass damping method is as follows: The period T of the main building or side coal bunker structure of a large thermal power plant is generally around 1s to 1.5s. According to the above formula, if the mass ratio γ of the damping body 1 to the supporting body 2 is 0.6, the structural period T S Taking 1.5s as an example, the optimal frequency ratio f opt The value is 0.625, at which point the equivalent period T of the device is... e The time is 2.4s. When the horizontal design displacement D is 100mm, the friction coefficient μ of the required friction pendulum isolation support is 0.041, and the equivalent radius of curvature R is approximately 3479mm.

[0159] Method 2: Based on seismic isolation theory, the following derivation of the vibration response for a single-degree-of-freedom seismically isolated structure subjected to harmonic excitation is available:

[0160]

[0161] β=T e ω g ;

[0162] In the formula, TR is the conduction ratio, λ is the dynamic amplification factor, β is the excitation frequency ratio, and ω is the excitation frequency ratio. g The external excitation frequency is expressed in Hertz (Hz).

[0163] Substituting and simplifying, we get:

[0164]

[0165] The main frequency range ω of earthquakes can be calculated by referring to the Kanai-Tajimi spectrum. gTherefore, TR is only related to the friction coefficient μ and the equivalent radius of curvature R of the friction pendulum isolation bearing. After determining the required isolation efficiency TR and giving the design horizontal displacement D, the friction coefficient or equivalent radius of curvature can be determined according to the actual situation, and then another parameter can be calculated. After iterative calculation, the optimal parameter combination that meets the actual situation can be obtained.

[0166] A precisely designed friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing has a period far exceeding the structural period, allowing for sufficient release of seismic deformation. For example... Figure 4 As shown, in practical applications, the friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing experiences an extended period under strong earthquakes, with its equivalent period gradually approaching the oscillation period, resulting in better seismic isolation. Furthermore, it can improve the mass distribution of the original structure, making the mass distribution more uniform and less prone to brittle damage under rare earthquakes, thus enhancing seismic toughness.

[0167] All documents mentioned in this invention are incorporated herein by reference as if each document were individually incorporated by reference. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the foregoing teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to this invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A supported swing isolation device based on a single spherical support, characterized in that, The vibration isolation device includes: The main body of the shock absorber; Support body, the support body being used to support the shock-absorbing body placed thereon; and At least one single spherical support is provided, wherein the single spherical support is located between the damping body and the supporting body; The single spherical support is fixed to the damping body as a whole or formed in one piece; the bottom surface of the single spherical support has a downwardly convex first curved surface, and correspondingly, the top surface of the supporting body has a downwardly concave upper connecting concave curved surface. The first curved surface abuts against the upper connecting concave curved surface and can slide along the upper connecting concave curved surface. The damping body can swing relative to the supporting body through at least one of the single spherical supports to isolate vibration.

2. The vibration isolation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first surface of each of the spherical supports has the same radius of curvature; correspondingly, the upper concave surface of each of the supporting bodies has the same radius of curvature.

3. The vibration isolation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first curved surface of the single spherical support and the upper connecting concave curved surface of the support body are friction surfaces.

4. The vibration isolation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The centers of the circles containing the first curved surface of the single spherical support and the upper connecting concave curved surface of the supporting body are on a straight line.

5. The vibration isolation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the shock absorber body is provided with an extension, which is a portion that extends downward from the lower outer edge of the shock absorber body toward the support body. The extension is used to limit the range of motion of the single spherical support relative to the shock absorber body.

6. The vibration isolation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The seismic isolation device has an equivalent radius of curvature R, which is the radius R1 of the first curved surface, and the range of R is 1-3 meters.

7. The vibration isolation device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The equivalent radius of curvature R is obtained by the following formula: In the formula, T S The structural period is expressed in seconds. M represents the mass of the supporting structure, in kilograms. m is the mass of the shock absorber body, in kilograms; μ is the coefficient of kinetic friction; D represents the horizontal displacement of the single spherical support, in meters. g is the acceleration due to gravity.

8. The vibration isolation device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Optimal frequency ratio f opt and optimal damping ratio ξ opt It is obtained by calculation using the following formula:

9. The vibration isolation device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The equivalent radius of curvature R is obtained by the following formula: In the formula, TR is the conductivity ratio; ω g External excitation frequency, unit: Hertz; μ is the coefficient of kinetic friction; D represents the horizontal displacement of the single spherical support, in meters. g is the acceleration due to gravity.

10. The vibration isolation device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The main frequency range ω of earthquakes was obtained by referring to the Kanai-Tajimi spectrum. g The required seismic isolation efficiency TR is determined and the design horizontal displacement D is given. The friction coefficient μ or equivalent radius of curvature R is determined, and another parameter is calculated. After iterative calculation, the optimal parameter combination that meets the actual situation is obtained.

Images