Test device for simulating side slope water seepage
By designing an experimental device to simulate slope seepage, the problems of low accuracy of manual observation and high cost of UAV data acquisition in high slope seepage monitoring were solved, realizing high-precision slope seepage simulation and monitoring in the laboratory.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520704135.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-15
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, monitoring of seepage on high slopes relies on manual observation, which suffers from low accuracy and poor data continuity. Furthermore, drone monitoring requires the collection of a large amount of real data, which is costly and makes it difficult to simulate seepage under different slope and rainfall conditions in the laboratory.
Design a test device to simulate slope seepage, including a slope simulation component and a water spray component. The slope is simulated by adjusting the tilt angle of the support plate, and the water spraying from the nozzles simulates precipitation. Combined with the image acquisition component, image data is collected to simulate the drone shooting process, so as to realize the simulation of slope seepage in the laboratory.
By simulating slope seepage under different slope and rainfall conditions in the laboratory, the monitoring accuracy and data continuity were improved, the acquisition cost was reduced, and efficient slope seepage simulation and monitoring were achieved.
Smart Images
Figure CN223841731U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slope seepage simulation experiment technology, specifically a test device for simulating slope seepage. Background Technology
[0002] Reservoir dams are crucial nodes in the national water network, serving as bridges connecting natural water systems with the socio-economic system. In recent years, my country has made rapid progress in the number, types, height, and construction technology of dams. However, this increase in dam numbers has also brought certain safety risks. Among these risks, surface seepage in the shotcrete lining of high reservoir banks is a major factor affecting structural safety and stability. Monitoring seepage in high slopes has become a vital part of analyzing engineering risks. Currently, slope seepage monitoring primarily relies on manual observation. These traditional methods suffer from drawbacks such as high dependence on human labor, low accuracy, and poor data continuity.
[0003] With the development of drone technology, a feasible approach is to replace manual labor with drone photogrammetry for monitoring seepage on high slopes. Specifically, drone photogrammetry is used to photograph the overall condition of the high slope. The acquired image data is then processed using intelligent recognition algorithms, employing image scaling, smoothing filtering, and image differencing. The smoothed images are then analyzed based on their grayscale distribution and geometric relationships to ultimately output accurate results identifying surface seepage problems on the slope. Through optimization of the algorithm, the accuracy can be improved to the centimeter level, saving manpower, increasing efficiency, and effectively enhancing monitoring precision.
[0004] However, to achieve accurate monitoring of slope seepage by drones, the optimization of algorithms such as image processing and disease identification requires a large amount of data for training. Since algorithm optimization requires the collection of massive image data of reservoir bank slopes with different slopes and different rainfall conditions, collecting actual data on real dams is extremely costly and impractical. Therefore, it is urgent to build a test device to simulate slope seepage in a laboratory environment to simulate slope seepage under different slopes and different rainfall conditions. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test device for simulating slope seepage, which can simulate reservoir bank slopes with different slopes and different rainfall conditions in the laboratory, and obtain data on slope seepage under various slopes and rainfall conditions through simulation.
[0006] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0007] A test device for simulating slope seepage includes a slope simulation component and a water spray component;
[0008] The slope simulation component includes a base, a support plate, and a first telescopic rod. The support plate is positioned above the base, with one end of the support plate rotatably connected to one end of the base. The other end of the support plate and the other end of the base are rotatably connected to both ends of the first telescopic rod, respectively. A layer of filling soil and a layer of sprayed concrete are sequentially laid on top of the support plate to simulate the actual reservoir bank slope. When the first telescopic rod extends or retracts, the tilt angle of the support plate can be adjusted, thereby simulating the slope of the reservoir bank.
[0009] The water spraying assembly includes a nozzle and a second telescopic rod. The second telescopic rod is vertically installed and fixedly mounted above the sprayed concrete layer. The nozzle is located at the bottom end of the second telescopic rod. By pumping water into the nozzle, the water is sprayed onto the sprayed concrete layer, simulating the rainfall situation on the reservoir bank slope. By controlling the pumping water volume, the rainfall can be simulated and adjusted. The extension and retraction of the second telescopic rod can drive the nozzle to rise and fall, changing the distance between the nozzle and the sprayed concrete layer, thereby simulating and adjusting the rainfall intensity.
[0010] Furthermore, the water spray assembly also includes a first gimbal, which comprises a mounting plate, a rotating base, and a pitch base. The mounting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second telescopic rod. The rotating base is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, and the rotation axis of the rotating base on the mounting plate is parallel to the second telescopic rod. The pitch base is rotatably connected to the rotating base, and the rotation axis of the pitch base on the rotating base is perpendicular to the second telescopic rod. The nozzle is fixedly mounted on the pitch base. The nozzle can be adjusted horizontally and vertically via the first gimbal, thereby adjusting the spray angle of the nozzle to simulate precipitation under different wind conditions.
[0011] Specifically, the water spray assembly also includes a water tank, a water pump, and a water delivery hose. The suction end of the water pump is connected to the water tank, the discharge end of the water pump is connected to one end of the water delivery hose, and the other end of the water delivery hose is connected to the nozzle.
[0012] Specifically, baffles are fixedly connected to both ends of the top surface of the base, and the filling soil layer and the sprayed concrete layer are both arranged between the two baffles.
[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a shooting component, which includes a third telescopic pole and a camera. The third telescopic pole is vertically set and fixedly installed near the second telescopic pole, and the camera is installed at the bottom end of the third telescopic pole. The shooting component can simulate the process of a drone shooting at the reservoir bank slope, capture image data through the camera, and adjust the shooting height of the camera through the third telescopic pole.
[0014] Furthermore, the shooting assembly also includes a second gimbal, which has the same structure as the first gimbal. The mounting plate of the second gimbal is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the third telescopic rod. The camera is fixedly mounted on the tilt mount of the second gimbal. The nozzle can be adjusted horizontally and tilted via the second gimbal, thereby adjusting the shooting angle of the camera.
[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a base and a slide, the slide being slidably disposed on the base, the base being slidably disposed on the slide, the sliding direction of the base on the slide and the sliding direction of the slide on the base are both horizontal and perpendicular to each other.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0017] The experimental device for simulating slope seepage includes a slope simulation component and a water spraying component. The slope simulation component includes a support plate, on which a layer of filling soil and a layer of sprayed concrete are laid sequentially to simulate the actual reservoir bank slope. The slope simulation component also includes a base and a first telescopic rod. The support plate is set on top of the base, with one end of the support plate rotatably connected to one end of the base. The other ends of the support plate and the other end of the base are rotatably connected to both ends of the first telescopic rod, respectively. When the first telescopic rod extends or retracts, the tilt angles of the support plate, the filling soil layer, and the sprayed concrete layer can be adjusted, thereby simulating the slope of the reservoir bank slope. The water spraying component includes a nozzle and a second telescopic rod. The second telescopic rod is vertically set and fixedly installed above the sprayed concrete layer. The nozzle is located at the bottom end of the second telescopic rod. Water is pumped into the nozzle, and the water sprayed from the nozzle falls onto the sprayed concrete layer to simulate the rainfall on the reservoir bank slope. By controlling the pumping water volume, the rainfall amount can be simulated and controlled. By extending or retracting the second telescopic rod, the nozzle can be raised or lowered, changing the distance between the nozzle and the sprayed concrete layer, thereby simulating and controlling the rainfall intensity. In summary, this experimental device for simulating slope seepage can simulate reservoir bank slopes with different gradients and rainfall conditions with different intensities and amounts.
[0018] A camera module is also included, comprising a third telescopic pole and a camera. The third telescopic pole is vertically positioned and fixed near the second telescopic pole, while the camera is mounted at its base. After simulating precipitation on the reservoir bank slope, until the seepage on the surface of the sprayed concrete layer essentially stops, the camera module can simulate drone-based imaging of the reservoir bank slope. The camera continuously captures images of the sprayed concrete layer surface, collecting image data during the seepage process. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a test device for simulating slope seepage according to the present invention;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the slope simulation component in the experimental device for simulating slope seepage according to this utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the second and third telescopic rods in a test device for simulating slope seepage according to this utility model;
[0022] In the diagram, 1-base, 2-support plate, 3-first telescopic rod, 4-fill soil layer, 5-sprayed concrete layer, 6-nozzle, 7-second telescopic rod, 8-first gimbal, 9-mounting plate, 10-rotating seat, 11-tilt seat, 12-baffle, 13-third telescopic rod, 14-camera, 15-second gimbal, 16-base, 17-sliding seat. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solution of this utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the following description.
[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a test device for simulating slope seepage includes a slope simulation component and a water spray component.
[0025] The slope simulation component structure is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a base 1, a support plate 2, and a first telescopic rod 3. The support plate 2 is positioned above the base 1, with one end rotatably connected to one end of the base 1. The other ends of the support plate 2 and the base 1 are rotatably connected to both ends of the first telescopic rod 3. The first telescopic rod 3 can be constructed using various methods, such as a hydraulic cylinder or a hand-cranked screw jack. The tilt angle of the support plate 2 relative to the base 1 can be adjusted during the extension and retraction of the first telescopic rod 3. In practice, the base 1 can be placed on the laboratory floor. A soil filling layer 4 and a sprayed concrete layer 5 are laid sequentially on top of the support plate 2. The soil filling layer 4 is approximately 10cm thick, and the sprayed concrete layer 5 is 5-7cm thick, simulating the actual slope of a reservoir bank. The tilt angle of the support plate 2, soil filling layer 4, and sprayed concrete layer 5 can be adjusted by extending and retracting the first telescopic rod 3, thereby simulating the slope of the reservoir bank.
[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the water spray assembly includes a nozzle 6 and a second telescopic rod 7. The second telescopic rod 7 is vertically arranged and fixedly installed above the sprayed concrete layer 5. The second telescopic rod 7 can be selected from various product structures such as hydraulic cylinders and electric push rods. In implementation, it can be installed on the laboratory ceiling or installed on a separate bracket. The nozzle 6 is located at the bottom end of the second telescopic rod 7. The height of the nozzle 6 can be adjusted by extending and retracting the second telescopic rod 7, that is, the distance between the nozzle 6 and the sprayed concrete layer 5 can be adjusted.
[0027] When using this simulated slope seepage test device, the tilt angle of the base 2 is first adjusted by the first telescopic rod 3 to simulate a reservoir bank slope with a set slope. At this time, the initial state of the entire model surface (i.e., the sprayed concrete layer 5) can be photographed (either manually or using the photographing component described later). Then, water is pumped into the nozzle 6, and the water sprayed from the nozzle 6 onto the sprayed concrete layer 5 can simulate precipitation. During this process, the pumping volume can be adjusted to simulate the amount of precipitation, and the distance between the nozzle 6 and the sprayed concrete layer 5 can be adjusted to simulate the intensity of precipitation. After the water spraying (precipitation) stops, the slope seepage can be monitored. At this time, one image of the model surface is taken every 2 seconds until the diffusion of the seepage area basically stops, at which point the test ends. As can be seen from the above experimental process, this simulated slope seepage test device can simulate reservoir bank slopes with different slopes and precipitation conditions with different intensities and amounts. In a laboratory environment, the seepage of the simulated reservoir bank slope under simulated precipitation conditions can be continuously monitored by taking continuous pictures, and image data of the seepage process can be collected.
[0028] Furthermore, the water spray assembly also includes a first gimbal 8, which has a similar product structure to existing omnidirectional gimbals, specifically as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it includes a mounting plate 9, a rotating base 10, and a pitching base 11. The mounting plate 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second telescopic rod 7. The rotating base 10 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 9. The rotation axis of the rotating base 10 on the mounting plate 9 is parallel to the second telescopic rod 7. The pitching base 11 is rotatably connected to the rotating base 10. The rotation axis of the pitching base 11 on the rotating base 10 is perpendicular to the second telescopic rod 7. The nozzle 6 is fixedly mounted on the pitching base 11. The spray direction of the nozzle 6 can be adjusted by the first gimbal 8, thereby simulating precipitation conditions under different wind directions, making the simulated precipitation conditions in the laboratory closer to reality.
[0029] Specifically, the water spray assembly also includes a water tank, a water pump, and a water delivery hose. The water tank, water pump, and water delivery hose are all conventional water pumping equipment and are not shown in the diagram. The water tank is set up in the laboratory. The suction end of the water pump is connected to the water tank, the discharge end of the water pump is connected to one end of the water delivery hose, and the other end of the water delivery hose is connected to the nozzle. Activating the water pump can pump water from the water tank into the water delivery hose and then spray it out from the nozzle to simulate rainfall.
[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, baffles 12 are fixedly connected to both ends of the top surface of the base 2. The aforementioned filling soil layer 4 and sprayed concrete layer 5 are both set between the two baffles 12. When the model is built, the two baffles 12 play the role of fixing the filling soil layer 4 and the sprayed concrete layer 5. At the same time, when the tilt angle of the base 2 is adjusted, the structural stability of the filling soil layer 4 and the sprayed concrete layer 5 can be maintained.
[0031] Furthermore, it also includes shooting components, such as Figure 1 As shown, the shooting assembly includes a third telescopic rod 13 and a camera 14. The third telescopic rod 13 is vertically positioned and fixedly installed near the second telescopic rod 7, and the camera 14 is installed at the bottom end of the third telescopic rod 13. The third telescopic rod 13 uses a product structure such as an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder. In practice, it can be installed on the laboratory ceiling or mounted on a separate bracket. The height of the camera 14 can be adjusted when the third telescopic rod 13 extends or retracts. As mentioned above, continuous shooting is required to collect image data of the seepage process in slope seepage monitoring. The shooting time is relatively long, and drone operation is inconvenient in a laboratory environment. Therefore, this shooting assembly is set up to simulate drone shooting conditions. The extension and retraction of the third telescopic rod 13 simulates the height adjustment process before drone shooting.
[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the shooting assembly also includes a second gimbal 15, which has the same structure as the first gimbal 8. The mounting plate 9 of the second gimbal 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the third telescopic rod 13, and the camera 14 is fixedly mounted on the pitch mount 11 of the second gimbal 15. The second gimbal 15 simulates the structure of an airborne gimbal for a drone, enabling omnidirectional adjustment of the shooting angle of the camera 14. In the laboratory, it can collect image data from different shooting angles during simulated slope seepage.
[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the laboratory also includes a base 16 and a slide 17. The slide 17 is slidably mounted on the base 16, and the base 1 is slidably mounted on the slide 17. The sliding direction of the base 1 on the slide 17 and the sliding direction of the slide 17 on the base 16 are both horizontal and perpendicular to each other. During implementation, the base 16 is fixed to the laboratory floor. The relative positions of the nozzle 6 and the camera 14 with respect to the sprayed concrete layer 5 in the horizontal direction can be adjusted by sliding the slide 17 on the base 16 and sliding the base 1 on the slide 17. By adjusting the horizontal position, the nozzle 6 and the camera 14 can spray and take pictures in various areas of the sprayed concrete layer 5. After the model is built, multiple experiments can be conducted. In addition, due to the installation of the sliding base 17, the sprayed concrete layer 5 can slide with the base 1 in two perpendicular directions in the horizontal direction. The second telescopic rod 7 can drive the nozzle 6 to rise and fall vertically, and the third telescopic rod 13 can drive the camera 14 to rise and fall vertically. The nozzle 6 can be adjusted horizontally and tilted via the first gimbal 8, and the camera 14 can be adjusted horizontally and tilted via the second gimbal 15. Thus, by adjusting, the nozzle 6 and the camera 14 can be directed at any position on the surface of the sprayed concrete layer 5 to carry out water spraying or filming work.
[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be protected within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A test device for simulating slope seepage, characterized in that, Includes slope simulation components and water spray components. The slope simulation component includes a base, a support plate, and a first telescopic rod. The support plate is disposed above the base. One end of the support plate is rotatably connected to one end of the base. The other end of the support plate and the other end of the base are rotatably connected to both ends of the first telescopic rod, respectively. A layer of filling soil and a layer of sprayed concrete are sequentially laid on top of the support plate. The water spraying assembly includes a nozzle and a second telescopic rod. The second telescopic rod is vertically arranged and fixedly installed above the sprayed concrete layer, and the nozzle is located at the bottom end of the second telescopic rod.
2. The experimental device for simulating slope seepage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water spray assembly also includes a first gimbal, which includes a mounting plate, a rotating base, and a pitching base. The mounting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second telescopic rod. The rotating base is rotatably connected to the mounting plate. The rotation axis of the rotating base on the mounting plate is parallel to the second telescopic rod. The pitching base is rotatably connected to the rotating base. The rotation axis of the pitching base on the rotating base is perpendicular to the second telescopic rod. The nozzle is fixedly mounted on the pitching base.
3. The experimental device for simulating slope seepage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water spray assembly also includes a water tank, a water pump, and a water delivery hose. The suction end of the water pump is connected to the water tank, the discharge end of the water pump is connected to one end of the water delivery hose, and the other end of the water delivery hose is connected to the nozzle.
4. The experimental device for simulating slope seepage according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the top surface of the base are fixedly connected to baffles, and the filling soil layer and the sprayed concrete layer are both set between the two baffles.
5. A test apparatus for simulating slope seepage according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a shooting component, which includes a third telescopic pole and a camera. The third telescopic pole is vertically arranged and fixedly installed near the second telescopic pole, and the camera is installed at the bottom end of the third telescopic pole.
6. The experimental device for simulating slope seepage according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shooting assembly also includes a second gimbal, which has the same structure as the first gimbal. The mounting plate of the second gimbal is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the third telescopic rod, and the camera is fixedly mounted on the tilt mount of the second gimbal.
7. The experimental device for simulating slope seepage according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a base and a slide, the slide being slidably disposed on the base, the base being slidably disposed on the slide, the sliding direction of the base on the slide and the sliding direction of the slide on the base are both horizontal and perpendicular to each other.