Cooling and lubricating system of gearbox and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a cooling and lubricating system of a gearbox and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of vehicles, the cooling and lubricating system of the gearbox comprises a gearbox shell, a flow dividing and oil collecting cavity is arranged in the gearbox shell, and the position of the flow dividing and oil collecting cavity is higher than that of a gear meshing pair of different gears in the gearbox shell; lubricating oil outlet holes corresponding to gear meshing pairs of different gears in a one-to-one mode are formed in the flow dividing and oil collecting cavity. Oil liquid is collected through the flow dividing and oil collecting cavity, oil storage during normal driving and adjustment of the oil supplementing amount during downhill are achieved, the problems of oil stirring loss when the oil amount is too large and insufficient oil amount during downhill are solved, and the utilization efficiency of lubricating oil is improved; and the collected lubricating oil is shunted, so that enough lubricating oil can be obtained from gears in the gearbox, bearings on the input shaft and bearings and gears on the intermediate shaft regardless of any running angle of the vehicle, faults caused by insufficient lubrication of parts in the gearbox are greatly reduced, and normal running of the vehicle is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to vehicle technical field, concretely relates to a cooling and lubricating system of gearbox and vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the global energy structure transformation and the continuous promotion of environmental protection policy, the new energy vehicle industry welcomes rapid development, and traditional vehicle enterprises are also gradually advancing to the new energy field. New energy vehicles include four types: hybrid electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles (including solar vehicles), fuel cell electric vehicles, and other new energy (such as super capacitors, flywheels, and other high-efficiency energy storage devices) vehicles.

[0003] Pure electric vehicles and dual-motor hybrid electric vehicles gradually become the mainstream development direction of the automobile industry due to their low carbon emissions and high energy efficiency advantages. The disadvantages of pure electric vehicles are as follows: the endurance mileage is limited by the battery capacity, the charging time is long, the performance decays obviously in low-temperature environment, and the high-power motor generates a lot of heat when working continuously, affecting the system reliability.

[0004] Dual-motor hybrid electric vehicles combine the advantages of traditional fuel vehicles and pure electric drive, adopt dual-motor hybrid transmission (DHT-Dual-Motor Hybrid Transmission), and combine engine and dual-motor cooperative work to realize efficient energy distribution, long endurance mileage, no mileage anxiety, and adapt to various working conditions (such as high speed, climbing, etc.).

[0005] However, due to the coupling of multiple heat sources such as motors and transmissions in the dual-motor hybrid transmission, the corresponding heat generation will also increase, and bearings, gears, and motor windings need to be efficiently lubricated and cooled, otherwise, under continuous high-load operation, insufficient lubrication of gears and bearings will cause the gear meshing area and bearing friction pair to be easily broken by oil film, resulting in local high temperature, abnormal wear, loss of gear strength, abnormal noise, and even mechanical failure, and even the vehicle cannot operate normally.

[0006] Therefore, the cooling and lubrication of the bearings, gears, and other key components in the dual-motor hybrid transmission become the key factors restricting its reliability and durability. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0007] The utility model embodiment provides a cooling and lubricating system of gearbox and vehicle, which aims to solve the problem of insufficient lubrication of gears, which causes the gear meshing area to be easily broken by oil film, resulting in local high temperature, abnormal wear of gears, loss of strength, abnormal noise, and even mechanical failure.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a technical scheme which is: provide a cooling lubrication system of gearbox, include: gearbox casing, be provided with the oil collecting cavity of shunting in the gearbox casing, the position of the oil collecting cavity of shunting is higher than the position of different gear gears meshing pair in the gearbox casing, be provided with the lubrication oil outlet hole of gear meshing pair of one to one correspondence different gear on the oil collecting cavity of shunting, the lubricating oil of gearbox casing bottom is collected into the oil collecting cavity of shunting along with differential rotation, after the shunting of the lubrication oil outlet hole, fall on the gear meshing pair of corresponding gear, with the gear meshing pair of different gear cooling lubrication.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the oil collecting cavity of shunting is provided with an oil collecting shell of shunting, the oil collecting shell of shunting is divided into a plurality of lubrication cavities of shunting by a shunting plate, and each lubrication cavity of shunting is respectively provided with a shunting oil outlet hole communicating with the lubrication oil outlet hole; the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox casing is collected into each lubrication cavity of shunting along with the rotation of the differential, and falls onto the gear meshing pair of the corresponding gear through the shunting oil outlet hole and the lubrication oil outlet hole. After adopting the oil collecting shell of shunting, the independent lubrication cavities of shunting in the oil collecting shell of shunting are designed, so that each gear tooth surface can be sufficiently lubricated when the vehicle is running at any angle, and the problem that the lubricating oil in the lubrication cavity of shunting flows to one position and cannot flow into part of the shunting oil outlet hole due to the inclination of the vehicle, resulting in insufficient lubrication of part of the gear tooth surface, is avoided.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, a limiting structure for preventing the oil collecting shell of shunting from being pulled out is arranged at the oil inlet of the oil collecting cavity of shunting. The limiting structure can prevent the oil collecting shell of shunting from being pulled out of the oil collecting cavity of shunting, ensure the alignment and communication of the shunting oil outlet hole and the lubrication oil outlet hole, and prevent misalignment, so as to ensure the smooth flow of lubricating oil to the gear meshing pairs of different gears.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the limiting structure includes anti-pulling-off clamping points arranged on opposite sides of the oil inlet of the oil collecting cavity of shunting; when the gearbox casing is opened, the oil collecting shell of shunting is pushed into the oil collecting cavity of shunting along the anti-pulling-off clamping points. The design of the anti-pulling-off clamping points enables the oil collecting shell of shunting to be installed in the oil collecting cavity of shunting without the need for bolt fastening or adhesive fastening, which is simple and convenient to install and reliable in limiting.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the diameter of the shunting oil outlet hole is greater than the diameter of the lubrication oil outlet hole. When the manufacturing precision or assembly precision is insufficient, the shunting oil outlet hole and the lubrication oil outlet hole are partially misaligned, but the shunting oil outlet hole and the lubrication oil outlet hole can still be partially communicated, so as not to affect the shunting of lubricating oil to the gears or bearings.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the oil collection cavity is provided with an oil blocking rib on the surface of the gear engagement pair, the length direction of the oil blocking rib is parallel to the input shaft on which the gear engagement pair is installed, so as to block the lubricating oil from being thrown out when the gear engagement pair rotates. The lubricating oil in the oil collection cavity falls to the tooth surface of the corresponding gear through the oil outlet hole, and due to the driving state of the vehicle, the gear in the reduction gearbox rotates, which causes the tooth surface to throw out the lubricating oil. Therefore, the lubricating oil is thrown away from the tooth surface. However, the oil blocking rib can block the lubricating oil thrown from the tooth surface on the oil blocking rib. The blocked lubricating oil flows down along the oil blocking rib and continues to lubricate the tooth surface.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the gearbox shell is further provided with a lubricating oil channel communicating with the oil collection cavity. The part of the lubricating oil collected in the oil collection cavity enters the hollow cavity of the input shaft through the lubricating oil channel and is thrown out through the oil throwing hole on the input shaft, so as to lubricate the bearing on the input shaft. The part of the lubricating oil diverted through the lubricating oil channel lubricates the bearing, thereby reducing the failure caused by the lack of lubricating oil of the bearing in the gearbox.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the input shaft is provided with a hollow locking bolt at one end close to the lubricating oil channel. The hollow locking bolt is provided with an oil nozzle. The lubricating oil in the lubricating oil channel is sprayed into the center hole of the hollow locking bolt through the oil nozzle and enters the hollow cavity of the input shaft through the center hole of the hollow locking bolt. The lubricating oil diverted through the lubricating oil channel enters the input shaft through the hollow locking bolt, thereby providing lubrication for the bearing.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, a radial groove is formed in the nut of the hollow locking bolt. Part of the lubricating oil lubricates the shaft end bearing of the shaft end of the input shaft through the radial groove. For the shaft end bearing of the shaft end of the input shaft, the lubricating oil transmitted through the radial groove of the hollow locking bolt realizes lubrication, thereby realizing the overall lubrication of the gear and bearing on the input shaft and avoiding the problem of overall failure caused by insufficient lubrication of local parts.

[0017] The cooling and lubricating system of the gearbox has the beneficial effects that: (1) the shunt oil collecting cavity is arranged above the multi-gear gear meshing pair, when the differential rotates, the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox housing is rotated along the inner wall of the gearbox housing with the differential, passes through the gap between the internal gear shifting system of the gearbox housing and the gearbox housing, and finally collects into the shunt oil collecting cavity, is shunted through different lubricating oil outlet holes in the shunt oil collecting cavity, and falls on the tooth surfaces of different gear meshing pairs, so that sufficient lubrication is provided for the gear meshing pairs of each gear, and the gear meshing pairs of each gear can work in a good cooling and lubricating state, the friction and wear between gears are effectively reduced, the service life of the gearbox is prolonged, the oil film of the gear meshing pair is prevented from being broken due to insufficient lubrication, local high temperature and abnormal wear of the gear are avoided, and the problems of loss of gear strength, abnormal noise and even mechanical failure are avoided.

[0018] (2) the shunt oil collecting cavity is arranged in the gearbox housing, when the vehicle normally runs, the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox housing is collected into the shunt oil collecting cavity through rotation of the differential, the oil amount at the bottom of the gearbox housing is reduced, excessive oil stirring loss is avoided, and the lubricating oil in the shunt oil collecting cavity can also provide sufficient lubrication for the gear meshing pairs of different gears, so that the utilization efficiency of the lubricating oil is greatly improved.

[0019] (3) the lubricating oil is collected through rotation of the differential, no additional energy is consumed, and the lubricating oil is self-flowed to the gear meshing pairs of different gears, so that no additional energy is consumed and energy consumption is reduced.

[0020] In the second aspect, the utility model embodiment further provides a vehicle, including the cooling and lubricating system of the gearbox.

[0021] The vehicle provided by the utility model embodiment collects oil through the shunt oil collecting cavity, adjusts oil storage during normal running and oil supplement during downhill running, avoids oil stirring loss when the oil amount is too large and the problem of insufficient oil amount during downhill running, improves the utilization efficiency of the lubricating oil, and also shunts the collected lubricating oil, so that sufficient lubricating oil is provided for the gear tooth surfaces of each gear at any running angle of the vehicle, cooling and lubrication of different gear tooth surfaces are realized, the input shaft bearing, the intermediate shaft bearing and the gear are also provided with sufficient lubricating oil, good lubrication of the components in the gearbox is achieved, faults caused by insufficient lubrication of the components in the gearbox are greatly reduced, and normal running of the vehicle is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1The structural schematic view of the cooling and lubricating system of the gearbox is provided in the embodiment of the utility model (the arrow in the drawing shows the oil throwing collection route);

[0023] Figure 2 for along Figure 1 The sectional view structure diagram along line B-B in the middle;

[0024] Figure 3 for along Figure 1 The sectional view structure diagram along line C-C in the middle (the arrow in the drawing shows the route of the lubricating oil falling on the gear);

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The local enlarged structural schematic view of A in the middle (the arrow in the drawing indicates the route of the lubricating oil lubricating the bearing);

[0026] Figure 5 The structural schematic view of the cooling and lubricating system of the gearbox is provided in the embodiment of the utility model (the split oil collecting shell is not shown in the drawing);

[0027] Figure 6 The structural schematic view of the split oil collecting shell is provided in the embodiment of the utility model (shown from the differential rotation direction perspective);

[0028] Figure 7 The structural schematic view of the split oil collecting shell is provided in the embodiment of the utility model (shown from the Figure 6 Left side perspective);

[0029] Mark explanation:

[0030] 1, gearbox shell; 2, differential; 3, shift system; 4, suction filter; 5, oil injection pipe; 6, bearing lubrication branch pipe; 7, gear lubrication branch pipe; 8, split oil collecting shell; 9, split oil collecting cavity; 10, lubricating oil channel; 11, plug; 12, oil injection nozzle; 13, radial groove; 14, three gears; 15, first gear; 16, second gear; 17, second gear lubrication oil outlet hole; 18, first gear lubrication oil outlet hole; 19, three gear lubrication oil outlet hole; 20, input shaft; 21, shaft end bearing; 22, hollow locking bolt; 23, anti-loose check point; 24, oil throwing hole; 25, split plate; 26, intermediate shaft; 27, oil blocking rib; 28, first split oil outlet hole; 29, second split oil outlet hole; 30, three split oil outlet hole. Specific implementation

[0031] In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved by the utility model more clear and obvious, the utility model is further described in detail in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is more than two (including two), and similar expressions related to "a plurality of" are also understood in this way, for example, "a plurality of groups", "a plurality of times", etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0033] In the claims, description and above drawings of the utility model, the terms "upper", "lower" are the same as the up-down direction of the vehicle body, the terms "front", "rear" are the same as the front-rear direction of the vehicle body, and the terms "left", "right" are the same as the left-right direction of the vehicle body. The rest of the orientation words, unless otherwise explicitly limited, such as the terms "length", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "high", "low", "axial", "radial" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, so it cannot be understood as limiting the specific protection scope of the present application.

[0034] Please see Figures 1 to 7 , now the cooling and lubricating system of the gearbox provided by the utility model will be described. The cooling and lubricating system of the gearbox comprises a gearbox shell 1, a split and oil collecting cavity 9 (see Figure 7 when the split and oil collecting shell 8 is not assembled) is arranged in the gearbox shell 1, the position of the split and oil collecting cavity 9 is higher than the position of different gear engaging pairs in the gearbox shell 1, and a lubricating oil outlet hole corresponding to the gear engaging pairs of different gears is arranged on the split and oil collecting cavity 9; the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox shell 1 is collected into the split and oil collecting cavity 9 along with the rotation of the differential mechanism 2, and then falls on the gear engaging pairs of the corresponding gears through the lubricating oil outlet hole to cool and lubricate the gear engaging pairs of different gears. Among them, Figure 1 The arrow direction in the split and oil collecting cavity 9 is the route of the lubricating oil collected into the split and oil collecting cavity 9 along with the rotation of the differential mechanism 2; Figure 3 The arrow a in the split and oil collecting cavity 9 is the route of the lubricating oil falling on the gear engaging pairs of the corresponding gears.

[0035] The cooling and lubricating system of the gearbox has the beneficial effects that: (1) the shunt oil collecting cavity 9 is arranged above the multi-gear gear meshing pair, when the differential mechanism 2 rotates and works, the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox shell 1 rotates along with the differential mechanism 2 on the inner wall of the gearbox shell 1, passes through the gap between the internal gear shifting system of the gearbox shell 1 and the gearbox shell 1, and finally collects into the shunt oil collecting cavity 9, is shunted through different lubricating oil outlet holes in the shunt oil collecting cavity 9, and falls on the tooth surfaces of different gear meshing pairs, so that sufficient lubrication is provided for the gear meshing pairs of each gear, and the gear meshing pairs of each gear can work in a good cooling and lubricating state, the friction and abrasion between gears are effectively reduced, the service life of the gearbox is prolonged, the oil film of the gear meshing pair is prevented from being broken due to insufficient lubrication, local high temperature and abnormal gear abrasion are avoided, and the problems of gear strength loss, abnormal noise and even mechanical failure are avoided.

[0036] (2) the shunt oil collecting cavity 9 is arranged in the gearbox shell 1, when the vehicle normally drives, the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox shell 1 is collected into the shunt oil collecting cavity 9 through the rotation and oil throwing of the differential mechanism 2, the oil amount at the bottom of the gearbox shell 1 is reduced, excessive oil stirring loss is avoided, and the lubricating oil in the shunt oil collecting cavity 9 can also provide sufficient lubrication for the gear meshing pairs of different gears, so that the utilization efficiency of the lubricating oil is greatly improved.

[0037] (3) the lubricating oil is collected through the rotation and oil throwing of the differential mechanism 2, and no additional energy is consumed, and the lubricating oil is self-flowed to the gear meshing pairs of different gears, so that no additional energy is consumed and the energy consumption is reduced.

[0038] (4) the shunt oil collecting cavity 9 is integrally cast in the gearbox shell 1, so that the structure is simple and no additional cost is increased.

[0039] The shunt oil collecting cavity 9 is integrally cast in the gearbox shell 1, so that the structure is simple and no additional cost is increased. Figure 2 and Figure 3, specifically, a first-gear lubrication oil outlet hole 18, a second-gear lubrication oil outlet hole 17 and a third-gear lubrication oil outlet hole 19) ; when there are five gears in the gearbox, five lubrication oil outlet holes are correspondingly arranged on the distribution oil collecting cavity 9. The drawings of the present application show a three-gear gearbox, and a first-gear meshing gear 15, a second-gear meshing gear 16 and a third-gear meshing gear 14 are arranged on the input shaft 20, and the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 shown in the drawings of the present application is arranged above the input shaft 20. In order to provide sufficient lubricating oil for the gears on the intermediate shaft 26, it is also feasible to arrange the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 above the intermediate shaft 26.

[0040] Although the oil inlet direction of the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 is not explicitly shown in the present application, it is obvious that the oil inlet of the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 faces the rotation direction of the lubricating oil, and the rotation direction of the lubricating oil is consistent with the rotation direction of the differential 2, so that the lubricating oil rotated by the differential 2 can be thrown into the distribution oil collecting cavity 9.

[0041] The gearbox housing 1 comprises a main housing having a containing cavity and a housing cover arranged on the main housing, wherein the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 is arranged on the main housing, and when the housing cover covers the main housing, the side of the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 relative to the main housing is sealed, and only the oil inlet of the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 is left. It should be noted that the structural diagram of the housing cover is not shown in the drawings of the present application. A sealing glue or a sealing ring is arranged between the abutting surface of the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 and the housing cover, and then the main housing and the housing cover are fastened together by bolts, so that the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 can be sealed, preventing the lubricating oil in the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 from leaking from the gap between the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 and the housing cover.

[0042] Preferably, the inner wall of the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 away from the gear meshing pair is connected to the top wall adjacent to the gearbox housing 1, and there are gaps for lubricating oil to pass between the components arranged in the gearbox housing 1 and the inner walls close to the gearbox housing 1, and the lubricating oil rotating with the differential 2 can enter the distribution oil collecting cavity 9 along the inner wall of the gearbox housing 1.

[0043] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 6The oil distribution chamber 9 is equipped with an oil distribution shell 8, which is divided into multiple lubrication chambers by a diverter plate 25. Each lubrication chamber has a diverter outlet hole connected to the lubrication outlet hole. The lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox housing 1 is collected into each lubrication chamber as the differential 2 rotates, and then flows through the diverter outlet hole and lubrication outlet hole to the gear meshing pair of the corresponding gear. The detachable and assembleable oil distribution shell 8 is provided in the oil distribution chamber 9 mainly because without the diversion, the lubricating oil in the oil distribution chamber 9 may shake or tilt due to road conditions such as bumps and inclines during vehicle operation. The lubricating oil in the oil distribution chamber 9 may flow to one position, which may result in the gear meshing pair of a certain gear not being lubricated, or the lubricating oil distribution to multiple gear meshing pairs may be uneven, resulting in differences in cooling and lubrication of gear meshing in different gears, which may also affect the normal operation of the gearbox.

[0044] Corresponding to the three gear meshing pairs and three lubrication outlet holes, the oil diversion outlet holes are divided into first gear diversion outlet hole 28, second gear diversion outlet hole 29, and third gear diversion outlet hole 30. See [reference needed] Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown.

[0045] However, it is difficult to manufacture the flow divider plate 25 integrally formed in the flow divider oil collection chamber 9, or it is not easy to assemble the flow divider plate 25 in the flow divider oil collection chamber 9 by fixing. Therefore, this application adopts the flow divider oil collection shell 8 with the flow divider plate 25, which can divide the lubricating oil in the flow divider oil collection chamber 9. In this way, each gear meshing pair in each gear position can have its own flow divider lubrication chamber. The lubricating oil thrown up by the rotation of the differential 2 can enter the flow divider lubrication chamber. Due to the significant reduction in the internal space of the flow divider lubrication chamber, the possibility of the lubricating oil shaking significantly in the flow divider lubrication chamber is avoided, thereby ensuring that each gear meshing pair in each gear position can get enough lubricating oil for cooling and lubrication.

[0046] Therefore, by adopting this type of split oil collection shell 8, the independent split lubrication chamber design within the split oil collection shell 8 ensures that each gear tooth surface receives sufficient lubrication when the vehicle is running at any angle. This avoids the problem of insufficient lubrication of the gear tooth surface caused by the oil in the split lubrication chamber flowing to one position due to vehicle tilting, preventing the lubricating oil from flowing into some of the split oil outlet holes.

[0047] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 For example, for a three-speed gearbox, two flow dividers 25 can be set in the flow divider oil collection shell 8 to divide it into three independent flow divider lubrication chambers. Each gear meshing pair of the corresponding gear is provided with a lubrication oil outlet hole, which corresponds to the gear meshing pairs of the three gears respectively.Figure 2 The diagram shows that the input shaft 20 is equipped with a first-gear meshing gear 15, a second-gear meshing gear 16, and a third-gear meshing gear 14, and correspondingly equipped with a first-gear lubrication outlet 18, a second-gear lubrication outlet 17, and a third-gear lubrication outlet 19.

[0048] This embodiment achieves efficient distribution and precise supply of lubricating oil within the transmission through the diversion oil collection tank 8. Different gear meshing pairs receive an appropriate amount of lubricating oil, ensuring good lubrication and stable operation of the gears. During transmission operation, the rotation of the differential 2 continuously drives the collection and distribution of lubricating oil, ensuring that each diversion lubrication chamber maintains a certain amount of lubricating oil. This structural design not only improves the utilization efficiency of lubricating oil and reduces waste, but also effectively reduces the probability of gear wear and malfunctions caused by poor lubrication, providing a reliable guarantee for the stable operation of the transmission.

[0049] This type of oil distribution and collection shell 8 has an open opening on the side facing the shell cover, which is sealed by the shell cover and the matching sealant. The side of the oil distribution and collection shell 8 away from the shell cover is also open. This open opening is in close contact with the inner wall of the main shell on the side away from the shell cover. Therefore, when the oil distribution and collection shell 8 is installed in the oil distribution and collection cavity 9, only the oil inlet that is consistent with the oil inlet of the oil distribution and collection cavity 9 is retained.

[0050] Moreover, this type of oil diversion and collection shell 8 can be injection molded, which reduces the complexity of manufacturing.

[0051] To reduce the resistance of lubricating oil entering the oil distribution and collection shell 8, the opening size of the oil inlet of the oil distribution and collection shell 8 is designed to be larger than the size between its two internal relative walls.

[0052] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 7 A limiting structure is provided at the oil inlet of the oil distribution chamber 9 to prevent the oil distribution housing 8 from dislodging. This limiting structure prevents the oil distribution housing 8 from detaching from the oil distribution chamber 9, ensuring proper alignment and communication between the oil distribution outlet and the lubrication outlet, preventing misalignment and thus ensuring unobstructed flow of lubricating oil to the meshing pairs of different gears. To more clearly illustrate the position of the limiting structure, [details omitted]. Figure 1 For example, if the differential 2 is installed at the front, then the opposite direction is the rear; if the filter 4 is installed at the bottom or below, then the oil separator 8 is located inside the gearbox housing 1 at the top or above. When the gearbox housing 1 is tilted forward, if there is no limiting structure for the oil separator 8, the oil separator 8 is at risk of coming out and will not achieve the effect of oil separation and lubrication.

[0053] For example, when the differential 2 rotates clockwise to throw oil, and the vehicle is downhill, the reduction gearbox is inclined forward, and the split oil sump 8 is prevented from being pulled out of the split oil cavity 9 due to the blocking of the limiting structure.

[0054] The limiting structure can have various forms. The limiting structure provided in the embodiment includes anti-pulling-off stops 23 arranged on opposite sides of the oil inlet of the split oil cavity 9. When the gearbox housing 1 is opened, the split oil sump 8 is pushed into the split oil cavity 9 along the anti-pulling-off stops 23. With the design of the anti-pulling-off stops 23, the split oil sump 8 can be installed in the split oil cavity 9 without the need for bolt or adhesive fastening, which is simple and convenient to install and reliable in limiting. During assembly, the split oil sump 8 can be inserted into the split oil cavity 9 from one side of the housing cover along the anti-pulling-off stops 23, which is simple and convenient to install. During disassembly, the housing cover is opened, and the split oil sump 8 is pulled out.

[0055] The anti-pulling-off stops 23 are arranged on the opposite inner walls of the split oil cavity 9, which position the upper and lower inner walls of the split oil sump 8 and ensure that the split oil sump 8 cannot be pulled out.

[0056] The limiting structure can have various forms. For example, a protruding discontinuous stopper, i.e., an anti-pulling-off stop 23, can be arranged at the oil inlet. When the split oil sump 8 is inserted into the split oil cavity 9, the stopper can prevent it from being pulled out. Alternatively, a groove can be formed on the inner wall of the split oil cavity 9, and a corresponding part of the split oil sump 8 can be embedded in the groove, thereby playing a limiting role. Alternatively, a resilient claw can be arranged at the oil inlet. When the split oil sump 8 is inserted, the resilient claw can tightly hold the split oil sump 8 to prevent it from being accidentally pulled out. Such a limiting structure can effectively ensure the stability of the split oil sump 8 in the split oil cavity 9 and ensure the normal operation of the gearbox cooling and lubricating system.

[0057] The limiting structure can also be an anti-pulling-off stopper arranged along the oil inlet, as shown in Figure 1 The extension direction of the anti-pulling-off stopper is parallel to the axis of the input shaft 20. The split oil sump 8 can be inserted into the split oil cavity 9 from one side of the housing cover, which is simple and convenient to install. Therefore, the split oil sump 8 does not need to be bolted.

[0058] In some embodiments, the diameter of the split oil outlet hole is greater than the diameter of the lubricating oil outlet hole. Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown in FIG. 1, the gear meshing pair corresponding to the third gear and three lubricating oil outlets, the three lubricating oil outlets are divided into first lubricating oil outlet 18, second lubricating oil outlet 17 and third lubricating oil outlet 19, and the shunt oil outlets are correspondingly divided into first shunt oil outlet 28, second shunt oil outlet 29 and third shunt oil outlet 30. The purpose of this design is that even if the assembly precision is insufficient after assembly, the shunt oil outlet and the lubricating oil outlet are partially misaligned, the shunt oil outlet and the lubricating oil outlet can still be partially communicated, and the lubricating oil shunting to the gear or bearing will not be affected; by providing a larger hole for the lubricating oil to enter, it can better ensure that the lubricating oil enters the shunt oil outlet, especially when the volume of lubricating oil in the shunt lubricating cavity is small, it can also ensure that the lubricating oil enters the shunt oil outlet as much as possible, so as to provide more lubricating oil for the gear meshing pair to cool and lubricate.

[0059] For the communication path of the shunt oil outlet and the lubricating oil outlet, as long as the outlet of the lubricating oil outlet corresponds to the gear meshing pair of different gears, the shunt oil outlet can be curved, and the lubricating oil outlet can also be curved, and it is not necessarily a straight line. As long as the height difference between the shunt oil outlet and the lubricating oil outlet is ensured, the lubricating oil can flow down on the gear meshing pair under gravity.

[0060] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 , the surface of the shunt oil collection cavity 9 towards the gear meshing pair is provided with an oil blocking rib 27, the length direction of the oil blocking rib 27 is parallel to the input shaft 20 on which the gear meshing pair is installed, so as to block the lubricating oil from being thrown off when the gear meshing pair rotates. After the lubricating oil in the shunt lubricating cavity passes through the lubricating oil outlet and falls on the tooth surface corresponding to the gear, due to the driving state of the vehicle, the rotation of the gear in the reduction gearbox will cause the tooth surface to throw oil, so the lubricating oil will be thrown away from the tooth surface. The oil blocking rib 27 can block the oil thrown off by the tooth surface on the oil blocking rib 27, and the blocked lubricating oil will flow down along the oil blocking rib 27 to continue lubricating the tooth surface.

[0061] Specifically, when the differential 2 and the corresponding gear meshing pair in the gearbox rotate at high speed, even if the lubricating oil outlet on the shunt oil collection cavity 9 is very close to the tooth surface of the gear meshing pair, the lubricating oil flowing out of the lubricating oil outlet and falling on the gear will be affected by the high-speed rotating airflow and may deviate from the corresponding gear meshing pair, thereby causing lubrication failure. The oil blocking rib 27 can block the lubricating oil deviating from the direction of gravity, and the lubricating oil deviating from the airflow and touching the oil blocking rib 27 will flow down along the oil blocking rib 27 and fall on the corresponding gear meshing pair.

[0062] The shunt oil collecting shell 8 is arranged in the shunt oil collecting cavity 9, and the lubrication oil outlet hole corresponding to the gear meshing pair of different gears is arranged, which mainly lubricates the tooth surface of the gear, and cannot lubricate the bearing on the input shaft 20, which will cause problems such as bearing wear and abnormal noise due to insufficient lubricating oil of the bearing and rupture of the oil film, and will seriously affect the normal driving of the vehicle. Therefore, the application can also solve the problem of insufficient lubrication of the bearing. Specifically, based on the shunt oil collecting cavity 9, the excess lubricating oil collected in the shunt oil collecting cavity 9 can be shunted to the lubrication of the bearing through the lubricating oil channel 10.

[0063] In combination with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the specific design scheme is as follows: the lubricating oil channel 10 communicating with the shunt oil collecting shell 8 is further arranged in the gearbox shell 1; part of the lubricating oil collected in the shunt oil collecting shell 8 enters the hollow cavity of the input shaft 20 on which the gear meshing pair is installed through the lubricating oil channel 10, and is thrown out through the oil throwing hole 24 on the input shaft 20 to lubricate the bearing on the input shaft 20. Among them, Figure 4 The arrow in the figure is the route of the lubricating oil entering the hollow cavity of the input shaft 20 through the lubricating oil channel 10.

[0064] With the circulation of the lubricating oil in the gearbox shell 1, the lubricating oil entering the hollow cavity of the input shaft 20 is rapidly thrown out through the oil throwing hole 24 on the input shaft 20 under the action of centrifugal force, effectively reducing the friction and wear between the bearing and the input shaft 20. At the same time, the lubricating oil can also take away the heat generated in the operation process of the bearing, preventing the bearing from being damaged due to overheating. In the continuous operation of the gearbox, the lubricating oil continuously flows from the shunt oil collecting shell 8 into the lubricating oil channel 10, and is then thrown out through the oil throwing hole 24, providing continuous and stable lubrication protection for the bearing on the input shaft 20, ensuring the normal operation and long service life of the gearbox.

[0065] Specifically, the lubricating oil channel 10 can be formed on the gearbox shell 1, or connected to the hollow cavity of the input shaft 20 through an oil pipe. The lubricating oil channel 10 can be straight or curved. The end of the lubricating oil channel 10 away from the shunt oil collecting cavity 9 is provided with a plug 11, and a branch oil channel (not shown in the figure) branching to the input shaft 20 is arranged at a position close to the plug 11.

[0066] In order to introduce the lubricating oil in the shunt oil collecting cavity 9 or the shunt lubricating cavity into the input shaft 20, a hollow locking bolt 22 is arranged on one end of the input shaft 20 close to the lubricating oil channel 10, and the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil channel 10 is sprayed into the central hole of the hollow locking bolt 22 through the oil nozzle 12 arranged on the hollow locking bolt 22, and then enters the hollow cavity of the input shaft 20 through the central hole of the hollow locking bolt 22; The position corresponding to the bearing installed on the input shaft 20 is distributed with oil throwing holes 24. The embodiment combines Figure 2 and Figure 4 understand.

[0067] When the gearbox is working, part of the excess lubricating oil is transported to the oil nozzle 12 at one end of the input shaft 20 through the lubricating oil channel 10. The oil nozzle 12 can accurately spray the lubricating oil in the form of mist or column to the friction area of the input shaft 20 and other components, effectively reducing the heat generated by friction during high-speed operation of the input shaft 20, thereby ensuring the normal operation and long-term stability of the gearbox. At the same time, the spray angle and spray pressure of the oil nozzle 12 can be adjusted according to different working conditions to adapt to various driving conditions and load conditions, further improving the performance and adaptability of the cooling and lubricating system.

[0068] combined Figure 2 and Figure 4 understand, the lubrication of the shaft end bearing 21 at the shaft end of the input shaft 20 is realized by the radial groove 13 arranged on the nut of the hollow locking bolt 22, and part of the lubricating oil enters the shaft end bearing 21 at the shaft end of the input shaft 20 through the radial groove 13 to lubricate the shaft end bearing 21 at the shaft end of the input shaft 20. Through such design, the lubricating oil collected in the shunt oil collecting shell 8 can not only provide lubricating oil for the gear meshing pair of different gears to cool and lubricate, but also provide lubricating oil for the bearings on the input shaft 20 to cool and lubricate. Moreover, this utilizes the collection of excess lubricating oil during normal driving of the vehicle, and the rotation of the internal parts of the gearbox and the self-flow of the lubricating oil, simultaneously realizes the lubrication of the lubricating oil to the gears and bearings, does not need to consume extra energy, solves the problem that the insufficient lubrication of the gears and bearings causes the gear meshing area and the bearing friction pair to be easily broken by the oil film, resulting in local high temperature, abnormal wear, causing the gear to lose strength or the bearing to be damaged, producing abnormal sound and even mechanical failure, improves the reliability and durability of the use of the internal parts of the gearbox, and improves the service life of the parts and the gearbox.

[0069] The application is characterized in that the oil collection and distribution cavity 9 is integrally cast in the gearbox shell 1, and the oil distribution shell 8 is designed, so that the excess lubricating oil in the gearbox can be collected and distributed during normal driving of the vehicle, and the oil can be separated and supplemented during downhill driving of the vehicle, so that the oil is better utilized.

[0070] The working process is as follows:

[0071] During operation, the differential 2 rotates clockwise, and the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox shell 1 is thrown along the inner wall of the gearbox shell 1 by the airflow generated by the rotation of the differential 2, and the thrown lubricating oil moves along the gap between the shift system 3 and the inner wall of the gearbox shell 1 (the shift system is installed in the gearbox shell 1, and a gap is reserved between the shift system and the inner wall of the gearbox shell 1, so that the rotating lubricating oil can move along the inner wall of the gearbox shell 1), and the excess lubricating oil is finally collected in the oil collection and distribution cavity 9, so that the excess lubricating oil is collected, the oil in the oil pan at the bottom of the gearbox shell 1 is reduced, and the excessive oil stirring loss is avoided. The shift system mentioned here can include multiple clutches, which are responsible for the gear shifting of different gear engaging pairs.

[0072] The lubricating oil collected in the oil collection and distribution cavity 8 is distributed by the distribution plate 25, and flows into the tooth surface of the corresponding first gear engaging gear 15, second gear engaging gear 16 and third gear engaging gear 14 through different oil distribution holes, so as to realize the tooth surface lubrication and cooling of each gear.

[0073] Here, in order to solve the problem that the lubricating oil in the oil collection and distribution cavity 9 is concentrated in one direction due to the inclination and bumping of the gearbox, the distribution plate 25 in the installed oil collection and distribution shell 8 solves this problem.

[0074] In order to solve the problem that the manufacturing error, assembly error and other precision of the oil collection and distribution cavity 9 and the oil collection and distribution shell 8 cause the oil distribution hole and the lubricating oil outlet hole to be misaligned, the application solves this problem by making the diameter of the oil distribution hole larger than the diameter of the lubricating oil outlet hole.

[0075] By setting the anti-uninstalling point 23 or the anti-uninstalling stopper at the oil inlet of the oil collection and distribution cavity 9, the oil collection and distribution shell 8 can be prevented from being pulled out during downhill driving of the vehicle, and the oil collection and distribution shell 8 can be easily pushed into the oil collection and distribution cavity 9 without the need for bolt fixation, welding or bonding, so that the installation problem is solved.

[0076] The lubricating oil collected in the oil distribution tank 8, part of which also flows through the lubricating oil passage 10 to the oil injector 12, is sprayed into the hexagonal groove at the end of the hollow locking bolt 22 to lubricate the bearing at the end of the input shaft 20. Part of it passes through the central hole of the hollow locking bolt 22 and enters the hollow cavity of the input shaft 20. As the input shaft 20 rotates at high speed, it is thrown out from the corresponding oil slinger hole 24 on the input shaft 20 to lubricate the bearing installed on the input shaft 20, thus achieving the purpose of lubricating the bearing simultaneously.

[0077] During normal vehicle operation, the amount of lubricating oil needed to maintain the lubrication and cooling of the transmission is not excessive. However, considering the vehicle's uphill and downhill slopes, left and right tilting, and bumpy road conditions, the amount of lubricating oil in the transmission generally needs to take these conditions into account. Therefore, during normal driving, due to the large amount of lubricating oil in the transmission, oil churning loss will occur. The oil distribution chamber 9 and the oil distribution shell 8 can distribute the excess lubricating oil inside the transmission, which is used for lubrication of the shaft gear system on the one hand, and for storing the oil on the other.

[0078] When the vehicle is driving downhill, the lubricating oil collected in the diversion lubrication chamber can be poured out and reused in the suction filter 4 at the bottom of the transmission to compensate for insufficient oil suction in the suction filter 4. The analysis is as follows: When going downhill, the transmission tilts forward (…). Figure 1 (As shown, tilting forward), because the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox housing 1 accumulates at the front of the gearbox housing 1, the suction filter 4 located at the rear of the gearbox housing 1 may be at risk of sucking in cavities, resulting in insufficient lubrication or oil pressure in the branches lubricated by the suction filter 4, thus causing the risk of shaft gear burning. In this case, since the oil inlet of the split oil collection chamber 9 faces forward, the oil inlet will be located at the lowest point of the split oil collection chamber 9. At this time, the lubricating oil stored in the split oil collection chamber 9 will tilt forward and pour out, and the lubricating oil in the split oil collection chamber 9 will flow back to the bottom of the gearbox housing 1, increasing the oil volume in the oil pan where the suction filter 4 is located. In this way, the suction filter 4 can suck in and provide sufficient oil, thereby maintaining sufficient lubrication of the shaft gear system.

[0079] Specifically, the branch structure for lubrication of the filter 4 includes the filter 4, an oil injection pipe 5 connected to the filter 4, and bearing lubrication branch pipe 6 and gear lubrication branch pipe 7 branched from the oil injection pipe 5. A connecting oil passage partially concealed within the gearbox housing 1 is provided. The oil injection pipe 5 is sealed to the connecting oil passage by a sealing ring (details are not shown in the figure). An oil pump is provided between the oil injection pipe 5 and the filter 4. The oil drawn from the filter 4 by the oil pump lubricates the target bearings and gears through the bearing lubrication branch pipe 6 and gear lubrication branch pipe 7.

[0080] Need to explain, here through the filter 4 lubricating oil lubricated bearings and gears, and through the shunt oil collecting chamber 9 lubricated bearings and gears, the filter 4 lubricated bearings and gears are installed on the intermediate shaft 26, shunt oil collecting chamber 9 lubricated bearings and gears are installed on the input shaft 20.

[0081] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus, and the parts not detailed or described in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0082] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide a vehicle comprising the cooling and lubricating system of the gearbox.

[0083] The vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present application collects oil through the shunt oil collecting chamber 9, adjusts the amount of oil during normal driving and downhill driving, avoids excessive oil stirring loss, and improves the utilization efficiency of oil; and further realizes cooling and lubrication of different gear surfaces by shunting the collected lubricating oil, ensures that each gear surface can be sufficiently lubricated regardless of the running angle of the vehicle; and can also provide sufficient lubricating oil for the bearings on the input shaft 20 and the bearings and gears on the intermediate shaft 26, achieving good lubrication of each component inside the gearbox, greatly reducing the failure caused by insufficient lubrication of the components inside the gearbox, and ensuring the normal operation of the vehicle.

[0084] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cooling and lubricating system for a gearbox, characterized in that The gearbox housing (1) is provided with a shunt oil collection cavity (9) inside, the position of the shunt oil collection cavity (9) is higher than the position of different gear meshing pairs in the gearbox housing (1), and a lubricating oil outlet hole corresponding to the gear meshing pairs of different gears is arranged on the shunt oil collection cavity (9); the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox housing (1) is collected into the shunt oil collection cavity (9) along with the rotation of the differential (2), and then is distributed through the lubricating oil outlet hole and falls on the gear meshing pairs of the corresponding gears to cool and lubricate the gear meshing pairs of different gears. The shunt oil collection cavity (9) is provided with a shunt oil collection shell (8) inside, the shunt oil collection shell (8) is divided into a plurality of shunt lubricating cavities by a shunt plate (25), and a shunt oil outlet hole communicating with the lubricating oil outlet hole is arranged on each shunt lubricating cavity.

2. Cooling and lubricating system of a gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that The lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox housing (1) is collected into each shunt lubricating cavity along with the rotation of the differential (2), and then is distributed through the shunt oil outlet hole and the lubricating oil outlet hole and falls on the gear meshing pairs of the corresponding gears. A limiting structure for preventing the shunt oil collection shell (8) from falling out is arranged at the oil inlet of the shunt oil collection cavity (9).

3. A cooling and lubricating system for a gearbox according to claim 2, characterised in that, The limiting structure comprises anti-falling clamping points (23) arranged on the opposite sides of the oil inlet of the shunt oil collection cavity (9); when the gearbox housing (1) is opened, the shunt oil collection shell (8) is pushed into the shunt oil collection cavity (9) along the anti-falling clamping points (23).

4. A cooling and lubricating system for a gearbox according to claim 3, characterised in that, The diameter of the shunt oil outlet hole is larger than the diameter of the lubricating oil outlet hole.

5. A cooling and lubricating system for a gearbox according to claim 2, characterised in that, A oil blocking rib (27) is arranged on the surface of the shunt oil collection cavity (9) facing the gear meshing pairs, the length direction of the oil blocking rib (27) is parallel to the input shaft (20) on which the gear meshing pairs are installed, so as to block the lubricating oil from being thrown out when the gear meshing pairs rotate.

6. The cooling and lubricating system of a gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gearbox housing (1) is further provided with a lubricating oil channel (10) communicating with the shunt oil collection shell (8); part of the lubricating oil collected into the shunt oil collection shell (8) enters the hollow cavity of the input shaft (20) on which the gear meshing pairs are installed through the lubricating oil channel (10), and is thrown out through the oil throwing hole (24) on the input shaft (20) to lubricate the bearing on the input shaft (20).

7. A cooling and lubricating system for a gearbox according to claim 2, characterised in that, A hollow locking bolt (22) is arranged at one end of the input shaft (20) close to the lubricating oil channel (10), an oil nozzle (12) is arranged on the hollow locking bolt (22), the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil channel (10) is sprayed into the center hole of the hollow locking bolt (22) through the oil nozzle (12), and then enters the hollow cavity of the input shaft (20) through the center hole of the hollow locking bolt (22).

8. A cooling and lubricating system for a gearbox according to claim 7, characterised in that, A radial groove (13) is formed in the nut of the hollow locking bolt (22); part of the lubricating oil lubricates the shaft end bearing (21) at the shaft end of the input shaft (20) through the radial groove (13).

9. A cooling and lubricating system for a gearbox according to claim 8, characterised in that, The cooling and lubricating system of the gearbox comprises the gearbox according to any one of claims 1-9.

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: ​

Images