Ridge cleaning corn precision seeder

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of seeding machines, and discloses a ridge cleaning corn precision seeding machine. The machine is mainly technically characterized by comprising a seeding mechanism with a seeding plough foot, a soil moisture filling disc and a pressing roller which correspond to the seeding plough foot are arranged behind the seeding plough foot, a rotating shaft connected with the machine frame through a bearing is arranged on the machine frame in front of the seeding plough foot, and a reverse speed-changing gear box in power connection with the rotating shaft is arranged on the machine frame. A ridge cleaning cutter head is arranged on the rotating shaft in front of the corresponding sowing plough foot, a plurality of ridge cleaning blades are arranged on the ridge cleaning cutter head in the circumferential direction of the ridge cleaning cutter head, the ridge cleaning blades intersect with the plane where the ridge cleaning cutter head is located at a certain angle, and the rotating direction of the ridge cleaning blades is opposite to the direction of the soil moisture filling disc. A cutting edge is arranged on one side of the ridge cleaning blade in the advancing direction. The chopped wheat stubbles and straws are pushed forward obliquely, and a shallow ditch without the wheat stubbles and straws is formed in front of the sowing plough foot, so that seed germination and soil moisture conservation are facilitated, and diseases and insect pests are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of seeder technology, and in particular relates to a corn precision seeder for clearing rows. Background Technology

[0002] In northern my country, a two-crop-per-year system is generally adopted, with corn sown directly after wheat harvest. Due to drought, low rainfall, and frequent disasters, no-till planting is used to extend the corn growing season and reduce the risk of bare fields, desertification, wind and water erosion that disrupt the ecological balance of agriculture. Currently, there are three main no-till planting methods:

[0003] Firstly, after wheat harvesting, sowing is carried out directly with straw covering the surface, without the need for tilling. This method has the following drawbacks: 1. Some straw cannot be cut by the disc cutter and is instead pressed into the seed furrow, causing the seeds discharged from the seed tube to fall on the straw pressed into the furrow, making the seeds unable to contact the soil and thus failing to germinate; 2. The straw pressed into the seed furrow increases soil permeability and reduces moisture retention, which is not conducive to corn growth; 3. Straw mixed into the soil around the corn seeds allows soil pests such as the two-spotted cutworm to attach to the straw or wheat stubble and grow, making pest and disease control difficult and affecting corn growth and yield.

[0004] Secondly, a rotary tiller with blades is installed in front of the seed drill. Before sowing, the stubble or straw in front of the seed drill is broken up, as is the hardened surface layer of the soil. This method has the following drawbacks: the rotary tiller only breaks up the stubble and straw; the broken stubble and straw remain in the seed furrow. During sowing, the seeds discharged from the seed tube will fall onto the straw pressed into the seed furrow, causing the seeds to be suspended by the straw and unable to contact the soil, thus preventing germination. It is also detrimental to moisture retention and pest and disease control.

[0005] Thirdly, a rotary tillage disc with rotary blades is installed in front of the seed drill feet to clear the stubble or straw in front of the seed drill feet to the sides before sowing. For example, the patent title is: "A Clearing Rotary Tillage Blade Set, Rotary Tiller and Combined Seeder," patent application number: 202310449092.0; patent publication number: CN116391466A. Although the purpose of this patent is to clear the stubble or straw in front of the seed drill feet to the sides, it has the following defects in actual operation: 1. Each clearing blade set contains at least two blades, and at least two are installed on each clearing blade, resulting in incomplete removal of straw and stubble in the middle of the seed furrow; 2. The rotary tillage blades have curved ends. The function of the rotary tillage blades is to till the soil and then pull the stubble in the seed furrow from the ground. The rotary tillage blades basically do not cut the stubble and straw in the seed furrow; they only clear the stubble or straw in the seed furrow. Accumulation between two adjacent seed drill feet affects sowing; when clearing away wheat stubble or straw, the stubble or straw gets caught on the curved part of the rotary tiller blade, causing too much soil in the seed furrow to be pushed to both sides, forming a deep furrow in the seed furrow, which does not utilize soil moisture retention; 3. During rotary tillage, the rotation direction of the clearing blade is the same as the rotation direction of the soil moisture retention disc, and the end of the rotary tiller blade in contact with the ground moves backward relative to the ground, causing wheat stubble or straw to be thrown diagonally backward. Although the seed drill foot corresponding to the clearing blade group behind is cleared, the wheat stubble and straw thrown diagonally backward will affect the adjacent seed drill foot. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a corn clearing precision planter that can effectively break up and clean up the wheat stubble and straw in front of the seed drill, with high seed germination rate, good moisture retention, and fewer pests and diseases.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model of a corn clearing precision planter is as follows:

[0008] The machine includes a frame with a suspension bracket at the front end, a sowing mechanism located at the rear of the frame, a sowing frame connected to the frame via a pin, a seed box on the sowing frame, a sowing drill foot connected to the seed box via a seed guide tube below the seed box, a moisture-combining shaft behind the sowing drill foot, a moisture-combining disc on the moisture-combining shaft corresponding to the sowing drill foot, a press roller behind the moisture-combining disc, a sowing gearbox on the frame, the press roller being poweredly connected to the sowing gearbox via a transmission mechanism, and the sowing roller being poweredly connected to the sowing gearbox via a sowing chain. A sowing depth adjustment rod is located above the moisture-combining disc. The frame is equipped with a sowing depth adjustment handle. A rotating shaft connected to the frame via bearings is located on the frame in front of the sowing drill feet. A reverse gearbox connected to the rotating shaft is located on the frame. A clearing blade is located on the rotating shaft in front of the corresponding sowing drill feet. Multiple clearing blades are arranged on the clearing blade along the circumferential direction of the clearing blade. The clearing blades intersect the plane of the clearing blade at a certain angle. Adjacent clearing blades are located on both sides of the clearing blade and have the same angle with the plane of the clearing blade. The rotation direction of the clearing blade is opposite to the rotation direction of the soil moisture gathering disc. The clearing blade has a cutting edge on one side of its forward direction.

[0009] Its additional technical features are:

[0010] The clearing cutter disc includes a cutter disc fixing sleeve and a cutter disc body located radially outside the cutter disc fixing sleeve. The cutter disc body includes a left cutter disc and a right cutter disc spaced a certain distance apart. Blade fixing holes are provided on the left cutter disc and the right cutter disc. Blade fixing bolts are provided in the blade fixing holes. Two through holes are provided on each clearing blade. Gaskets are provided on different sides of the two through holes.

[0011] The cross-section of the rotating shaft is a regular polygon, and the cross-section of the cutter head fixing sleeve is a polygon that matches the cross-section of the rotating shaft. An adjusting positioning bolt is provided on the cutter head fixing sleeve.

[0012] The thickness of the cleaning blade is 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm;

[0013] The other side of the cleaning blade also has a cutting edge;

[0014] An upper cover plate and a front cover plate are respectively provided on the frame above and in front of the cleaning blade;

[0015] A fertilizer box is installed on the frame in front of the seed box, and a fertilizer application drill foot is installed at the lower end of the fertilizer box.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the corn clearing and precision planting machine provided by this utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] Firstly, the machine includes a frame with a suspension bracket at the front end, and a sowing mechanism is located behind the frame. The sowing mechanism includes a sowing frame connected to the frame via a pin, a seed box on the sowing frame, a sowing drill foot connected to the seed box via a seed guide tube below the seed box, a moisture-regulating shaft behind the sowing drill foot, a moisture-regulating disc on the moisture-regulating shaft corresponding to the sowing drill foot, a press roller behind the moisture-regulating disc, a sowing gearbox on the frame, the press roller being poweredly connected to the sowing gearbox via a transmission mechanism, and the sowing roller being poweredly connected to the sowing gearbox via a sowing chain. A sowing depth adjustment rod is located above the moisture-regulating disc, and a sowing depth adjustment rod is located on the sowing frame. Equipped with a sowing depth adjustment handle, a rotating shaft connected to the frame via bearings is mounted on the frame in front of the sowing drill feet. A reverse gearbox, powered by the rotating shaft, is mounted on the frame. A clearing blade disc is mounted on the rotating shaft in front of the corresponding sowing drill feet. Multiple clearing blades are arranged circumferentially on the clearing blade disc, intersecting the plane of the clearing blade disc at a certain angle. Adjacent clearing blades are located on opposite sides of the clearing blade disc, forming the same angle with the plane of the clearing blade disc. The rotation direction of the clearing blades is opposite to that of the soil moisture-retaining disc. Each clearing blade has a cutting edge on one side in its forward direction. The suspension frame is used for towing with a tractor, etc. The suspension frames of the power mechanism are connected together. As the seeder moves forward, the power output shaft of the tractor or other traction power machinery drives the rotating shaft through a reverse gearbox. The clearing blades rotate in the opposite direction to the ridge-forming disc. While rotating, the clearing blades, with their cutting edges, chop the stubble and straw directly in front of the seed drill foot, simultaneously pushing the chopped stubble and straw diagonally forward. They also chop the hard soil surface directly in front of the seed drill foot, simultaneously pushing some soil diagonally forward, forming a shallow furrow free of stubble and straw in front of the seed drill foot. The chopped stubble, straw, and pushed-away soil are located between two adjacent seed drill feet. The ridge-forming disc and seed drill feet move forward, and the press roller drives the seed gearbox through a transmission mechanism. The seed gearbox then drives the seeding gearbox through the seeding... The seed chain drives the sowing roller to rotate, sowing the seeds in the seed box into the soil through the seed guide tube and the sowing seed drill foot. The chopped wheat stubble, straw and the loosened soil pass between two adjacent sowing seed drill feet; the moisture-combining plate buries the soil around the seeds on top of the seeds; the pressing roller compacts the soil after moisture-combining, and the compacted sowing channel forms a shallow trench on the ground surface. The clearing blade is a flat plate that is inclined outwards. The clearing blade has a cutting edge, which can easily chop the wheat stubble or straw when it comes into contact with the wheat stubble or straw. Even if the wheat stubble and straw cannot be cut due to the blade not being sharp or the soil being loose, because the blade of the clearing blade is straight, the uncut wheat stubble and straw on the blade are thrown diagonally forward under the action of centrifugal force and will not get stuck on the blade.Moreover, the cut stubble and straw are thrown diagonally forward, creating a shallow furrow between the clearing blade and the seed drill foot without stubble and straw. The seed drill foot sows the seeds in the furrow. Even if the stubble and straw thrown diagonally forward reach the front of the adjacent clearing blade, they will be cleared by the clearing blade that arrives next, without affecting the seed furrow behind the clearing blade.

[0018] Secondly, the clearing blade disc includes a blade disc fixing sleeve and a blade disc body located radially outside the blade disc fixing sleeve. The blade disc body includes a left blade disc and a right blade disc spaced a certain distance apart. Blade fixing holes are provided on the left blade disc and the right blade disc, and blade fixing bolts are provided in the blade fixing holes. Each clearing blade is provided with two through holes, and gaskets are provided on different sides of the two through holes. The angle of the clearing blade can be changed by adjusting the thickness of the gaskets according to different soil moisture, wheat stubble and straw amount, making it more convenient to use.

[0019] Thirdly, since the cross-section of the rotating shaft is a regular polygon and the cross-section of the cutter head fixing sleeve is a polygon that matches the cross-section of the rotating shaft, and an adjusting positioning bolt is provided on the cutter head fixing sleeve, the position of the clearing cutter head can be adjusted according to the spacing of the sowing seed drill feet, making it more convenient to use;

[0020] Fourth, since the thickness of the clearing blade is 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm, it can effectively remove wheat stubble and straw in front of the seed drill foot;

[0021] Fifth, since the other side of the cleaning blade also has a cutting edge, after a period of use, the cleaning blade can be flipped back and forth. When the cutting edges on both sides are no longer sharp, the cleaning blade can be removed and sharpened uniformly, making it more convenient to use.

[0022] Sixth, since an upper cover plate and a front cover plate are respectively installed on the frame above and in front of the clearing blade, the stubble, straw and dust caused by the rotation are prevented from being blown up, thus reducing environmental pollution;

[0023] Seventh, since a fertilizer box is installed on the frame in front of the seed box, and a fertilizer seed drill foot is installed at the lower end of the fertilizer box, fertilizer can be applied at the same time as sowing. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the corn clearing precision planter of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cleaning blade;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the cleaning blade;

[0027] Figure 4A structural schematic diagram of the cross-section of the clearing blade disc for mounting clearing blades. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The structure and operating principle of the corn clearing precision planter of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] For ease of description, the direction in which the seeder moves is forward.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the corn clearing precision seeder of this utility model. The corn clearing precision seeder includes a frame 2 with a suspension bracket 1 at the front end. A sowing mechanism 3 is located behind the frame 2. The sowing mechanism 3 includes a sowing frame 4 connected to the frame 2 via a pin. A seed box 5 is mounted on the sowing frame 4. A sowing drill foot 7, connected to the seed box 5 via a seed guide tube 6, is located below the seed box 5. A moisture-adjusting shaft 34 is located behind the sowing drill foot 7. A moisture-adjusting disc 11 is located on the moisture-adjusting shaft 34 at a position corresponding to the sowing drill foot. A pressure roller 12 is located behind the moisture-adjusting disc 11. A sowing gearbox 8 is mounted on the frame 2. The pressure roller 12 is poweredly connected to the sowing gearbox 8 via a transmission mechanism 9. The sowing roller 10 is poweredly connected to the sowing gearbox 8 via a sowing chain 35. A sowing depth adjustment rod 13 is located above the moisture-adjusting disc 11, and a sowing depth adjustment handle 14 is located on the sowing frame 4.

[0031] A rotating shaft 15, connected to the frame 2 via bearings, is installed on the frame 2 in front of the seed drill foot 7. A reverse gearbox 16, powered by the rotating shaft 15, is also installed on the frame 2. A ridge-clearing cutter disc 17 is installed on the rotating shaft 15 in front of the seed drill foot 7. Multiple ridge-clearing blades 18 are arranged on the circumferential direction of the ridge-clearing cutter disc 17, and the ridge-clearing blades 18 intersect the plane of the ridge-clearing cutter disc 17 at a certain angle. Adjacent ridge-clearing blades 18 are located on both sides of the ridge-clearing cutter disc 18 and have the same angle with the plane of the ridge-clearing cutter disc 18. The rotation direction of the ridge-clearing blades 18 is opposite to that of the soil-draining disc 11, and each ridge-clearing blade 18 has a cutting edge 19 on one side of its forward direction.

[0032] The suspension frame 1 is connected to the suspension frame of the tractor or other traction power mechanism. As the seeder moves forward, the power output shaft of the tractor or other traction power machinery drives the rotating shaft 15 to rotate via the reverse gearbox 16. The ridge-clearing blade 18 rotates in the opposite direction to the soil-closing disc 11. While rotating, the ridge-clearing blade 18, equipped with blades 19, simultaneously chops the stubble and straw directly in front of the seed drill foot 7, pushing the chopped stubble and straw diagonally forward, and simultaneously chopping the hard soil surface directly in front of the seed drill foot. Some soil is pushed aside diagonally forward, forming a shallow trench free of wheat stubble and straw in front of the sowing seed drill foot 7. The chopped wheat stubble, straw, and the pushed-aside soil are located between two adjacent sowing seed drill feet 7. The moisture-retaining plate 11 and the sowing seed drill foot 7 move forward, and the press roller 12 drives the sowing gearbox 8 through the transmission mechanism 9. The sowing gearbox 8 drives the sowing roller 10 to rotate through the sowing chain 35, sowing the seeds in the seed box into the soil through the seed guide tube 6 and the sowing seed drill foot 7. The chopped wheat stubble, straw, and pushed-aside soil are pushed out from between the two seed drill feet 7. The seed drill passes between adjacent seeders; the soil-binding disc 11 buries the soil around the seeds above them; the compaction roller 12 compacts the soil after soil fertilization, and the compacted seeding channel forms a shallow trench on the ground surface. The clearing blade 18 is a flat plate sloping outwards, and it has a cutting edge 19. When the cutting edge 19 of the clearing blade 18 encounters wheat stubble or straw, it can easily cut the stubble and straw. Even if the cutting edge is not sharp or the soil is loose, it can still cut the stubble and straw. 19 is a straight line. Uncut stubble and straw on the blade are thrown diagonally forward by centrifugal force and will not get caught on the blade. Moreover, the cut stubble and straw thrown diagonally forward will form a shallow furrow without stubble and straw between the clearing blade 18 and the seeding foot 8. The seeding foot will sow the seeds in the furrow. Even if the stubble and straw thrown diagonally forward reach the front of the adjacent clearing blade, they will be cleared by the clearing blade that arrives next, and will not affect the seed furrow behind the clearing blade.

[0033] The ridge-clearing cutter disc 17 includes a cutter disc fixing sleeve 20 and a cutter disc body 21 located radially outside the cutter disc fixing sleeve 20. The cutter disc body 21 includes a left cutter disc 22 and a right cutter disc 23 spaced apart. Blade fixing holes 24 are provided on the left and right cutter discs 22 and 23, and blade fixing bolts 25 are installed in the blade fixing holes 24. Each ridge-clearing blade 15 has two through holes 26, and gaskets 27 are provided on different sides of the two through holes 26. The angle of the ridge-clearing blade can be changed by adjusting the thickness of the gaskets 27 according to different soil moisture, stubble, and straw amounts, making it more convenient to use.

[0034] The cross-section of the rotating shaft 15 is a regular polygon, and the cross-section of the cutter head fixing sleeve 20 is a polygon that matches the cross-section of the rotating shaft. An adjusting positioning bolt 28 is provided on the cutter head fixing sleeve 20, which can adjust the position of the clearing cutter head according to the spacing of the seeding feet, making it more convenient to use.

[0035] The ridge clearing blade 18 has a thickness of 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm and can effectively remove wheat stubble and straw in front of the seed drill foot.

[0036] The other side of the cleaning blade 18 also has a cutting edge 29. After a period of use, the cleaning blade can be flipped back and forth. When the cutting edges on both sides are no longer sharp, the cleaning blade can be removed and sharpened together, making it more convenient to use.

[0037] An upper cover plate 30 and a front cover plate 31 are respectively installed on the frame 2 above and in front of the clearing blade 18 to prevent the stubble, straw and dust from being stirred up, thus reducing environmental pollution.

[0038] A fertilizer box 32 is installed on the frame in front of the seed box 5, and a fertilizer application foot 33 is installed at the lower end of the fertilizer box 32, so that fertilizer can be applied at the same time as sowing.

[0039] The scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Any structure that is the same as or similar to the structure of the corn clearing precision planter of this utility model falls within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A precision corn planter for clearing rows, comprising a frame with a suspension bracket at the front end, a planting mechanism disposed at the rear of the frame, the planting mechanism including a planting frame connected to the frame via a pin, a seed box disposed on the planting frame, a planting seeder foot disposed below the seed box and connected to the seed box via a seed guide tube, a moisture-regulating shaft disposed behind the planting seeder foot, a moisture-regulating disc disposed on the moisture-regulating shaft at a position corresponding to the planting seeder foot, a press roller disposed behind the moisture-regulating disc, a planting gearbox disposed on the frame, the press roller being poweredly connected to the planting gearbox via a transmission mechanism, the planting roller being poweredly connected to the planting gearbox via a planting chain, a planting depth adjustment rod disposed above the moisture-regulating disc, and a planting depth adjustment handle disposed on the planting frame, characterized in that: A rotating shaft connected to the frame via bearings is installed on the frame in front of the seed drill foot. A reverse gearbox connected to the rotating shaft is installed on the frame. A ridge-clearing blade is installed on the rotating shaft in front of the corresponding seed drill foot. Multiple ridge-clearing blades are arranged on the ridge-clearing blade along the circumferential direction of the ridge-clearing blade. The ridge-clearing blades intersect the plane of the ridge-clearing blade at a certain angle. Adjacent ridge-clearing blades are located on both sides of the ridge-clearing blade and have the same angle with the plane of the ridge-clearing blade. The rotation direction of the ridge-clearing blade is opposite to the rotation direction of the soil-draining disc. The ridge-clearing blade has a cutting edge on one side of its forward direction.

2. The corn clearing precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clearing cutter disc includes a cutter disc fixing sleeve and a cutter disc body located radially outside the cutter disc fixing sleeve. The cutter disc body includes a left cutter disc and a right cutter disc spaced a certain distance apart. Blade fixing holes are provided on the left cutter disc and the right cutter disc. Blade fixing bolts are provided in the blade fixing holes. Two through holes are provided on each clearing blade. Gaskets are provided on different sides of the two through holes.

3. The corn clearing precision seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-section of the rotating shaft is a regular polygon, and the cross-section of the cutter head fixing sleeve is a polygon that matches the cross-section of the rotating shaft. Adjustment and positioning bolts are provided on the cutter head fixing sleeve.

4. The corn clearing precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the cleaning blade is 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm.

5. The corn clearing precision planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other side of the cleaning blade also has a cutting edge.

6. The corn clearing precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper cover plate and a front cover plate are respectively installed on the frame above and in front of the cleaning blade.

7. The corn clearing precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fertilizer box is installed on the frame in front of the seed box, and a fertilizer application drill foot is installed at the lower end of the fertilizer box.

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