Hemodialysis liquid preparation system
By designing a hemodialysis fluid preparation system and utilizing bypass pipelines and monitoring devices, the problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive preparation of dialysis fluid and difficulty in timely detection of errors were solved, thus achieving accurate preparation and efficient operation of dialysis fluid.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422844457.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-20
AI Technical Summary
The existing dialysis fluid preparation process is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and cumbersome. It is also prone to errors that are difficult to detect in a timely manner, leading to substandard dialysis fluid flowing into the dialyzer and causing negative impacts on patients and equipment.
A hemodialysis fluid preparation system was designed, comprising a first mixing branch, a second mixing branch, and a dialyzer. Through bypass tubing, temperature and conductivity monitors, and flow control devices, the system ensures the accuracy of the dialysis fluid and timely discharge of substandard fluid, thus avoiding incorrect preparation.
It simplifies the operating procedures, improves work efficiency, ensures the accuracy of dialysis fluid, avoids the negative impact of substandard dialysis fluid on patients and equipment, and reduces waste.
Smart Images
Figure CN223861115U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical equipment technology, and more specifically, to a hemodialysis fluid preparation system. Background Technology
[0002] Hemodialysis is an effective treatment for renal insufficiency. In hemodialysis, blood and dialysate are sent to a dialysis unit. Inside the unit, waste products and excess water are removed through a hollow semi-permeable membrane assembly using polymers such as cellulose and polysulfone. The dialyzed blood is then returned to the patient. As part of dialysis treatment, especially hemodialysis, the preparation of dialysate is a routine task in hemodialysis centers. Dialysate contains K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, HCO3-, and acetic acid. Dialysate is prepared and stored as a concentrate, typically around 35 times concentrated. HCO3- readily precipitates with Ca2+ and Mg2+, so it is separated and prepared and stored separately as a strong alkaline solution of concentrated sodium bicarbonate, called solution B. The remaining components are combined to form a strongly acidic concentrate, called solution A. Because the two concentrates have different compositions and require different proportions, they must not be mixed. When preparing dialysis fluid, the ratio of water, B concentrate, and A concentrate will be specified according to the A and B concentrate formulas used.
[0003] However, the existing dialysate preparation process is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and cumbersome. In particular, if errors occur during the preparation process, it is inconvenient to drain the liquid, and errors such as reversing the insertion of the A and B suction tubes are usually difficult to detect in time. Failure to detect these errors in time can lead to significant errors and negative impacts on the entire preparation result. Utility Model Content
[0004] The present invention aims to overcome at least one defect (deficiency) of the prior art and provide a hemodialysis fluid preparation system to facilitate the preparation of dialysis fluid.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is to provide a hemodialysis fluid preparation system, including: a first mixing branch, a second mixing branch, and a dialyzer. The first mixing branch is used to mix solution B and water. The first mixing branch and the second mixing branch are connected by a solution B pipeline. After the solution B and water are mixed in the first mixing branch, they flow to the second mixing branch to mix with solution A. The outlet end of the second mixing branch is connected to the inlet of the dialyzer through an outlet pipeline. The outlet of the dialyzer is connected to a return pipeline. The outlet pipeline and the return pipeline are connected by a bypass pipeline. An outlet valve is provided on the outlet pipeline at the end near the dialyzer, and a bypass valve is provided on the bypass pipeline.
[0006] Furthermore, the first mixing branch includes a water storage device, a B-liquid storage device, and a first mixing chamber. The water storage device is connected to the inlet end of the first mixing chamber; the B-liquid storage device is connected to the inlet end of the first mixing chamber via a B-liquid pipe; and the outlet end of the first mixing chamber is connected to the inlet end of the second mixing chamber via a B-liquid pipeline. The second mixing branch includes an A-liquid storage device and a second mixing chamber. The A-liquid storage device is connected to the inlet end of the second mixing chamber via an A-liquid pipe; and the outlet end of the second mixing chamber is connected to the inlet of the dialyzer via an outlet pipeline.
[0007] In this technical solution, a water storage device is used to store heated and degassed pure water; an A-liquid storage device is used to store room-temperature A-liquid required for dialysis solution preparation; a B-liquid storage device is used to store room-temperature B-liquid required for dialysis solution preparation; B-liquid flows from the B-liquid storage device to the first mixing chamber through a B-liquid pipette; A-liquid flows from the A-liquid storage device to the second mixing chamber through an A-liquid pipette; the first mixing chamber is a chamber device for mixing B-liquid with pure water; the second mixing chamber is a chamber device for mixing A-liquid with the liquid in the first mixing chamber. Both the first and second mixing chambers are chamber devices with inlet and outlet ends. The dialysis solution prepared in the second mixing chamber flows to the dialyzer through the outlet pipe. The prepared dialysis solution enters the instrument for use through the dialyzer's inlet, and dialysis waste flows out through the return outlet. An outlet valve is used to control the opening and closing of the outlet pipe, and a bypass valve is used to control the opening and closing of the bypass pipe.
[0008] The solution preparation system of this solution has a simple structure and is easy to operate. Due to the setting of the bypass pipeline, when a problem is found in the solution preparation process, the outlet valve can be closed and the bypass valve opened. The unqualified dialysate can be discharged in time through the bypass pipeline, which further facilitates operation, improves work efficiency, and also avoids the flow of incorrectly prepared dialysate into the dialyzer, which may have a negative impact on the patient or dialyzer.
[0009] Furthermore, the liquid outlet of the first mixing chamber is connected to the second mixing chamber through a liquid B pipeline, which is equipped with a first temperature sensor and a first conductivity monitor.
[0010] In this technical solution, a first temperature sensor is used to detect the liquid temperature inside the B-liquid pipeline, i.e., the liquid temperature flowing out of the first mixing chamber; a first conductivity monitor is used to monitor the liquid conductivity inside the B-liquid pipeline, i.e., the liquid conductivity flowing out of the first mixing chamber. Monitoring temperature and conductivity ensures the accuracy of the mixed liquid after mixing B-liquid and pure water, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the front-end configuration and avoiding waste caused by substandard components and negative impacts on the patient or dialyzer.
[0011] Furthermore, a flow control device is provided on the liquid outlet pipeline.
[0012] In this technical solution, the flow rate of liquid flowing into the dialyzer in the outlet pipeline is controlled by a flow control device to achieve precise control.
[0013] Furthermore, a second temperature sensor and a second conductivity monitor are provided on the liquid outlet pipeline between the second mixing chamber and the flow control device.
[0014] In this technical solution, a second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the liquid flowing out of the second mixing chamber in the outlet pipeline; a second conductivity monitor is used to detect the conductivity of the liquid flowing out of the second mixing chamber in the outlet pipeline. Monitoring the temperature and conductivity ensures the accuracy of the dialysate prepared in the second mixing chamber, thereby ensuring the quality of the dialysate.
[0015] Furthermore, a third temperature sensor and a third conductivity monitor are provided on the liquid outlet line between the flow control device and the dialyzer.
[0016] In this technical solution, a third temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the dialysate near the dialyzer in the outlet line, and a third conductivity monitor is used to monitor the conductivity of the dialysate near the dialyzer in the outlet line. Monitoring both temperature and conductivity ensures that the dialysate flowing into the dialyzer is qualified, further preventing unqualified dialysate from flowing into the dialyzer and causing negative impacts, while also preventing waste.
[0017] Furthermore, a return valve is provided on the return pipeline.
[0018] In this technical solution, the return valve is used to control the opening and closing of the return pipeline, further facilitating the operation of the staff.
[0019] Furthermore, the B liquid suction tube is equipped with a B liquid pump, and the A liquid suction tube is equipped with an A liquid pump.
[0020] In this technical solution, the B liquid pump pressurizes the fluid transported in the B liquid suction tube, assisting the B liquid to flow from the storage device to the first mixing chamber; the A liquid pump pressurizes the fluid transported in the A liquid suction tube, assisting the A liquid to flow from the storage device to the second mixing chamber.
[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a first conductivity monitor, a second conductivity monitor, and a third conductivity monitor.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0023] (1) This utility model has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and improves work efficiency.
[0024] (2) By setting up a bypass pipeline, the present invention can promptly discharge the unqualified dialysate from the bypass pipeline when it is found to be unqualified, which further facilitates operation and also avoids the unqualified dialysate from entering the dialyzer and causing negative effects on the patient or the dialyzer.
[0025] (3) By setting up a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a first conductivity monitor, a second conductivity monitor, and a third conductivity meter, this utility model ensures the accuracy of the dialysate at both the front and back ends, providing multiple layers of protection for its qualification. At the same time, with the setting of the bypass valve, problems with the dialysate can be detected and discharged in time. For patients, this can avoid the impact of unqualified dialysate on treatment. For dialyzers, it can avoid damage caused by unqualified dialysate. For staff, it can avoid repetitive work that leads to low work efficiency and also prevent waste. Attached Figure Description
[0026] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the hemodialysis fluid preparation system of this utility model.
[0027] Reference numerals: Water storage device 100, A-liquid storage device 200, A-liquid suction tube 210, A-liquid pump 220, B-liquid storage device 300, B-liquid suction tube 310, B-liquid pump 311, B-liquid pipeline 320, first temperature sensor 321, first conductivity monitor 322, first mixing chamber 400, second mixing chamber 500, outlet pipeline 510, outlet valve 511, bypass pipeline 512, bypass valve 513, second temperature sensor 514, second conductivity monitor 515, third temperature sensor 516, third conductivity monitor 517, flow control device 518, dialyzer 600, return pipeline 610, return valve 611. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this invention. To better illustrate the following embodiments, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product; it is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.
[0029] Example 1
[0030] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a hemodialysis fluid preparation system, including: a first mixing branch, a second mixing branch, and a dialyzer 600. The first mixing branch is used to mix solution B and water. The first mixing branch and the second mixing branch are connected by a solution B pipeline 320. After the solution B and water are mixed in the first mixing branch, they flow to the second mixing branch to mix with solution A. The outlet end of the second mixing branch is connected to the inlet of the dialyzer 600 through an outlet pipeline. The outlet of the dialyzer 600 is connected to a return pipeline 610. The outlet pipeline 510 and the return pipeline 610 are connected by a bypass pipeline 512. An outlet valve 511 is provided on the outlet pipeline 510 at one end near the dialyzer 600, and a bypass valve 513 is provided on the bypass pipeline 512.
[0031] Both the first and second mixing branches include an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the first mixing branch is used for the entry of water and liquid B, while the inlet of the second mixing branch is used for the entry of liquid A.
[0032] Further, the first mixing branch includes a water storage device 100, a B-liquid storage device 300, and a first mixing chamber 400. The water storage device 100 is connected to the inlet end of the first mixing chamber 400; the B-liquid storage device 300 is connected to the inlet end of the first mixing chamber 400 via a B-liquid suction tube 310; the outlet end of the first mixing chamber 400 is connected to the inlet end of the second mixing chamber 500 via a B-liquid pipeline 320. The second mixing branch includes an A-liquid storage device 200 and a second mixing chamber 500. The A-liquid storage device 200 is connected to the inlet end of the second mixing chamber 500 via an A-liquid suction tube 210; the outlet end of the second mixing chamber 500 is connected to the inlet of the dialyzer 600 via an outlet pipeline 510. A bypass valve 513 is provided on the bypass pipeline 512. A return valve 611 is provided on the return pipeline 610.
[0033] The water storage device 100 is used to store pure water; the A liquid storage device 200 is used to store the A liquid needed for dialysis fluid preparation; the B liquid storage device 300 is used to store the B liquid needed for dialysis fluid preparation; the B liquid flows from the B liquid storage device 300 to the first mixing chamber 400 through the B liquid pipette 310; the A liquid flows from the A liquid storage device 200 to the second mixing chamber 500 through the A liquid pipette 210; the first mixing chamber 400 is a chamber device for mixing B liquid and pure water; the second mixing chamber 500 is a chamber device for mixing A liquid with the liquid in the first mixing chamber 400. Both the first mixing chamber 400 and the second mixing chamber 500 are chamber devices with inlet and outlet ends. Each mixing chamber can have one, two, or more inlet and outlet ends. The prepared dialysate in the second mixing chamber 500 flows to the dialyzer 600 through the outlet line 510. The prepared dialysate enters the instrument for use through the inlet of the dialyzer 600, and the used liquid flows out through the return line. The outlet valve 511 controls the opening and closing of the outlet line 510, and the bypass valve 513 controls the opening and closing of the bypass line 512. The return valve 611 controls the opening and closing of the return line 610, further facilitating operation by the staff.
[0034] The solution preparation system of this solution has a simple structure and is easy to operate. Due to the setting of the bypass pipeline 512, when a problem is found in the solution preparation process, the outlet valve 511 can be closed and the bypass valve 513 can be opened. The unqualified dialysate can be discharged in time through the bypass pipeline 512, which further facilitates operation, improves work efficiency, and also prevents the incorrectly prepared dialysate from flowing into the dialyzer 600 and causing negative impacts on the patient or the dialyzer 600.
[0035] The liquid outlet of the first mixing chamber 400 is connected to the second mixing chamber 500 through the liquid B pipeline 320. The liquid B pipeline 320 is equipped with a first temperature sensor 321 and a first conductivity monitor 322.
[0036] The first temperature sensor 321 is used to detect the temperature of the liquid in the B-liquid line 320, i.e., the temperature of the liquid flowing out of the first mixing chamber 400; the first conductivity monitor 322 is used to monitor the conductivity of the liquid in the B-liquid line 320, i.e., the conductivity of the liquid flowing out of the first mixing chamber 400. Monitoring the temperature and conductivity ensures the accuracy of the mixed liquid after mixing B-liquid and pure water, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the front-end configuration and avoiding waste caused by substandard products and negative impacts on the patient or dialyzer 600.
[0037] The liquid outlet pipe 510 is equipped with a flow control device 518. The flow control device 518 controls the flow rate of the liquid flowing into the dialyzer 600 in the liquid outlet pipe 510, thereby achieving precise control.
[0038] To further monitor the liquid preparation, a second temperature sensor 514 and a second conductivity monitor 515 are provided on the outlet pipeline 510 between the second mixing chamber 500 and the flow control device 518. The flow control device 518 is a compound pump or a balance chamber, etc.
[0039] The second temperature sensor 514 is used to detect the temperature of the liquid flowing out of the second mixing chamber 500 in the outlet line 510; the second conductivity monitor 515 is used to detect the conductivity of the liquid flowing out of the second mixing chamber 500 in the outlet line 510. By monitoring the temperature and conductivity, the accuracy of the dialysate prepared in the second mixing chamber 500 is ensured, thereby ensuring the quality of the dialysate.
[0040] To further monitor the solution preparation process, a third temperature sensor 516 and a third conductivity monitor 517 are provided on the outlet pipeline 510 between the flow control device 518 and the dialyzer 600. Preferably, both the third temperature sensor 516 and the third conductivity monitor 517 are located on the side of the dialyzer 600 adjacent to the outlet valve 511.
[0041] The third temperature sensor 516 is used to monitor the temperature of the dialysate near the dialyzer 600 in the outlet line 510, and the third conductivity monitor 517 is used to monitor the conductivity of the dialysate near the dialyzer 600 in the outlet line 510. Monitoring the temperature and conductivity ensures that the dialysate flowing into the dialyzer 600 is qualified, further preventing unqualified dialysate from flowing into the dialyzer 600 and causing negative impacts, while also preventing waste.
[0042] The B liquid suction pipe 310 is equipped with a B liquid pump 311, and the A liquid suction pipe 210 is equipped with an A liquid pump 220.
[0043] B-liquid pump 311 pressurizes the fluid transported in B-liquid suction pipe 310, absorbs a certain amount of B-liquid in B-liquid suction pipe 310, and assists B-liquid to flow from the storage device to the first mixing chamber 400; A-liquid pump 220 pressurizes the fluid transported in A-liquid suction pipe 210, transports a certain amount of A-liquid in A-liquid suction pipe 210, and assists A-liquid to flow from the storage device to the second mixing chamber 500.
[0044] To facilitate monitoring of the temperature and conductivity of the dialysate at the front and back ends during the configuration process, a controller (not shown) is also included. The controller is electrically connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the first conductivity monitor, the second conductivity monitor, and the third conductivity monitor.
[0045] In this embodiment, the composition ratio of the dialysate is: water: solution A: solution B = a:b:c; the flow control device 518 controls the flow rate of the liquid in the outlet pipe 510 to be R (unit: ml / min).
[0046] The B-liquid pump controls the amount of B-liquid drawn from the storage device to be V. B V B = b × R / (a + b + c);
[0047] Pump A controls the amount of liquid A drawn from the storage device to be V. A V A = a × R / (a + b + c);
[0048] The normal conductivity of the liquid in the first mixing chamber 400 is σb (unit: ms / cm). When the cation concentration of the liquid in the first mixing chamber 400 is x mmol / L, then σb=x×0.1.
[0049] The normal conductivity of the liquid in the second mixing chamber 500 is σa (unit: ms / cm). When the cation concentration of the liquid in the second mixing chamber 500 is y mmol / L, then σa=y×0.1.
[0050] The first conductivity monitor 322 measures the actual conductivity σB in the first mixing cavity 400, and the second conductivity monitor 515 measures the actual conductivity σA in the second mixing cavity 500.
[0051] Let X = σa / σb and Y = σA / σB. When the absolute value of the difference between X and Y is greater than 20%, it can be determined that suction tube A and suction tube B are inserted in reverse.
[0052] This allows for timely detection of whether the AB suction tubes are inserted backwards through conductivity monitoring, thus avoiding the negative impact of incorrectly prepared dialysate.
[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A hemodialysis fluid preparation system, characterized in that, include: First mixing branch, second mixing branch, and dialyzer. The first mixing branch is used to mix solution B and water. The first mixing branch and the second mixing branch are connected by a solution B pipeline. After the solution B and water are mixed in the first mixing branch, they flow into the second mixing branch to mix with solution A. The outlet of the second mixing branch is connected to the inlet of the dialyzer via an outlet pipeline. The outlet of the dialyzer is connected to the return pipeline. The outlet pipeline and the return pipeline are connected by a bypass pipeline. An outlet valve is provided on the outlet pipeline at the end near the dialyzer, and a bypass valve is provided on the bypass pipeline.
2. The hemodialysis fluid preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first mixing branch includes a water storage device, a B-liquid storage device, and a first mixing chamber. The water storage device is connected to the inlet end of the first mixing chamber. The B-liquid storage device is connected to the inlet end of the first mixing chamber through a B-liquid suction pipe. The outlet end of the first mixing chamber is connected to the inlet end of the second mixing chamber through a B-liquid pipeline.
3. The hemodialysis fluid preparation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second mixing branch includes an A-liquid storage device and a second mixing chamber. The A-liquid storage device is connected to the inlet of the second mixing chamber through an A-liquid suction tube. The outlet of the second mixing chamber is connected to the inlet of the dialyzer through an outlet pipe.
4. The hemodialysis fluid preparation system according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that, The liquid outlet of the first mixing chamber is connected to the second mixing chamber through a liquid B pipeline, which is equipped with a first temperature sensor and a first conductivity monitor.
5. The hemodialysis fluid preparation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The liquid outlet pipeline is equipped with a flow control device.
6. The hemodialysis fluid preparation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A second temperature sensor and a second conductivity monitor are provided on the liquid outlet pipeline between the second mixing chamber and the flow control device.
7. The hemodialysis fluid preparation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, A third temperature sensor and a third conductivity monitor are installed on the liquid outlet line between the flow control device and the dialyzer.
8. The hemodialysis fluid preparation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A return valve is installed on the return pipeline.
9. The hemodialysis fluid preparation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, A pump for liquid B is installed on the liquid B pipeline, and a pump for liquid A is installed on the liquid A suction pipe.
10. The hemodialysis fluid preparation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a first conductivity monitor, a second conductivity monitor, and a third conductivity monitor.