Antifouling track bed inter-line plate sleeper
By designing anti-fouling track bed slab sleepers, adopting a stepped structure and reasonable reinforcement, the problems of ballast pore pollution and sleeper defects were solved, the load-bearing capacity and service life of the sleepers were improved, and maintenance costs were reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520363625.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-04
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, prestressed concrete wide sleeper track beds have defects such as easy dirt accumulation in ballast pores, poor drainage, hardening, sleeper cracks, and bolt corrosion, resulting in uneven track and significant safety hazards. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the sleepers do not meet the requirements after being raised, making them prone to defects.
A type of anti-fouling track bed sleeper with a track panel is designed. It adopts a stepped structure, with a steel mesh under the groove, plum blossom-shaped prestressed steel bars and stirrups, combined with plastic concrete material to enhance the sleeper's load-bearing capacity, fatigue resistance and stability. The track panel is installed on the steps to prevent dirt from entering.
It effectively prevents ballast pore contamination, improves the mechanical properties and service life of sleepers, reduces maintenance costs, ensures track stability and safety, and reduces the occurrence of defects.
Smart Images
Figure CN223880115U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a sleeper, especially to a dirt-proof track bed line plate sleeper. BACKGROUND
[0002] Because the prestressed concrete wide sleeper has large bottom area and large weight, can effectively reduce ballast stress and deformation, and after laying, the gap between sleepers is small, the track bed is not easy to be dirty, and the appearance is neat, so it is widely used in heavy load railway tunnel, general speed or high-speed railway station arrival and departure line, and special freight unloading platform. However, after laying the wide sleeper, the gap between sleepers is small, and it is difficult to use large-scale track maintenance machinery for screening operation, resulting in a large number of dirty particles in the ballast pore, which leads to poor drainage, causing cracks of different degrees in the sleeper, bolt corrosion and other diseases. In addition, the track bed is easy to be cemented due to the action of particles and water, after the track bed is cemented, the track bed elasticity decreases, the support stiffness increases, the train vibration impact effect is intensified, causing the generation of line irregularity, increasing the line maintenance and repair workload, and seriously threatening the train operation safety.
[0003] Because the heavy load railway tunnel track bed is seriously cemented, only measures such as pad, manual ballast poking can be taken to treat the track bed empty hanger disease, the operation effect is poor, the track inspection car TQI value is high, the equipment quality is unstable, the repair is difficult, and the safety hidden danger is large. For the broken stone track bed caused by the non-normal deformation, spew and track bed cementation and other diseases caused by poor drainage between the wide sleepers in the passenger station, because the track bed in the station is inconvenient to repair, only the wide sleeper in the station can be replaced, the wide sleeper is replaced by type II or type III concrete sleeper to treat the above diseases. Although directly using ordinary type II and type III a ballast track bed can solve the daily maintenance problem, the structure has poor integrity, the laying interval of sleepers exists error, leading to poor line appearance effect and sealing performance after laying, and the dirt and other pollutants cannot enter the ballast.
[0004] At present, some lines use the combination of sleepers and line plate to replace wide sleeper and solve the problems caused by wide sleeper. The scheme is to use high universal line concrete sleeper, and set steps on both sides of the sleeper. The high sleeper can meet the demand of using impact tamping, and the line plate is installed on the steps between the sleepers to improve the overall stability and sealing effect, so as to ensure the anti-pollution effect. Since the height of the sleeper is increased, the internal reinforcement is still according to the traditional reinforcement of the universal line sleeper, which changes the mechanical properties and cannot meet the use requirements, especially the sleeper rail groove part. The wheel rail force acts on the sleeper through the rail and fastener. With the extension of the service time, the sleeper rail groove is prone to crushing and cracking and other diseases, which increases the maintenance cost and affects the durability. In addition, in the process of manufacturing the sleeper, invisible cracks are prone to occur at the step part when the sleeper is demolded and released under the constraint of the steel mold. With the extension of time, especially at the sleeper rail groove, invisible cracks are prone to gradually increase to form visible cracks under the influence of wind and vibration when the train passes, which affects the service life of the sleeper. Content of the utility model
[0005] The utility model discloses a kind of anti-pollution ballast bed line plate sleepers, and the ballast bed laid using the anti-pollution ballast bed line plate sleeper, not only can effectively prevent dirt from entering ballast hole, and the sleeper reinforcement is reasonable, meet the mechanical property requirements of sleeper, while, service life is also extended, reduce track maintenance cost.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides an anti-pollution ballast bed line plate sleeper, both sides of the sleeper have steps with the same length, and a rail groove is arranged on the top surface of the sleeper, the steps extend from the bottom surface of the sleeper upward to the middle and upper part of the sleeper, so that the cross section of the sleeper is in the shape of a ladder with two trapezoids stacked in the vertical direction, both sides of the rail groove have a shoulder, a reserved hole or a pre-buried sleeve is arranged in the rail groove, and a groove-under steel mesh is arranged below the rail groove, the length direction of the groove-under steel mesh extends below the shoulder, and the width direction of the groove-under steel mesh extends into the step, the middle part of the sleeper has a plurality of steel bars arranged in the shape of a plum blossom, two groups of steel bars are arranged on both sides of the reserved hole, a stirrup is arranged outside the two groups of steel bars, and a vertical end steel mesh is arranged at both ends of the sleeper along the width direction. The end steel mesh can improve the carrying capacity of the end part, the groove-under steel mesh can effectively improve the carrying capacity of the rail groove, and reduce the diseases such as crushing and cracking of the rail groove.
[0007] Further, the groove-under steel mesh is composed of two longitudinal bars and four spaced transverse bars welded or bound to the longitudinal bars.
[0008] Further, the groove under the steel mesh is fixedly connected with one of the prestressed steel bars in the steel bar group through the connecting member.
[0009] Further, the upper part of the connecting member is fixedly connected with the groove under the steel mesh, and the bottom part has a hook.
[0010] Further, the connecting member is formed by bending a spiral rib steel bar.
[0011] Further, each of the steel bar groups comprises three columns of spaced prestressed steel bars, and the uppermost prestressed steel bar in the middle column is higher than the uppermost prestressed steel bars in the other two columns, so that the stirrup is in the shape of a Chinese character.
[0012] Further, a rail bottom steel mesh is arranged at the bottom of the sleeper between the two rail receiving grooves, so as to improve the strength of the sleeper.
[0013] Further, the side of the shoulder away from the rail receiving groove is a slope, so that the shoulder can bear the lateral force caused by the wheel rail force, and the lateral stability of the sleeper structure is improved.
[0014] Further, the sleeper is made of plastic concrete, so that the vibration time is shortened, and the damage of vibration noise to the production workers is reduced.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:
[0016] 1. The sleeper of the utility model is provided with a groove under the rail receiving groove, so that the wheel rail force can be dispersed, the bearing capacity and the fatigue load capacity of the rail receiving groove are improved, and diseases such as crushing and cracking are prevented; in addition, the length direction of the groove under the steel mesh extends to the bottom of the shoulder, and the width direction extends to the inside of the step, so that the hidden lines generated when the sleeper is demolded and released are effectively reduced, the cracking at the junction of the step and the sleeper is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
[0017] 2. The utility model changes the reinforcement of the sleeper, and the prestressed steel bars are arranged in the shape of a plum blossom, so that the force of each part of the sleeper is balanced, the force performance of the sleeper is greatly improved, the sleeper meets the use requirements, the highest prestressed steel bar in the middle column is higher than the uppermost prestressed steel bar in the adjacent column, the force performance of the upper part of the sleeper is improved, the cracking of the sleeper is reduced, and the durability is improved.
[0018] 3. The trough under the steel mesh of the utility model is connected with the steel group through the connecting component, which ensures the position stability and can also transmit the wheel rail force to the steel group, thereby reducing the influence of the wheel rail force on the rail groove, and the connecting component is formed by bending the spiral rib steel, which is simple in structure and easy to manufacture;
[0019] 4. The prestressed steel group of the utility model cooperates with the stirrup to improve the shear resistance and stability of the steel group, thereby improving the shear resistance and stability of the sleeper.
[0020] 5. The utility model discloses a trough bottom steel mesh and end steel mesh are set up to improve the prestressed steel, improve the strength and bearing capacity of the sleeper, the internal reinforcement design is reasonable, easy to implement, and the practicality is strong.
[0021] 6. The utility model discloses a reserved step on the side of the sleeper is used to install the line spacing plate, which is simple in structure, convenient to construct, and strong in practicality, and the cross section is composed of two vertically superimposed trapezoids, the upper space is larger, the line maintenance and replacement are facilitated, the bottom of the trapezoid is larger than the top, the sleeper bottom area is increased, and the longitudinal and transverse anti-displacement ability of the sleeper line is maintained. DRAWINGS
[0022] The drawings constituting a part of this specification, for further understanding the utility model, and with the description, the principle of the utility model is explained. In the drawing:
[0023] Figure 1 It is the overhead structure schematic diagram of the utility model anti-fouling bed line spacing plate sleeper;
[0024] Figure 2 It is the main structure schematic diagram of the utility model anti-fouling bed line spacing plate sleeper;
[0025] Figure 3 It is the end structure schematic diagram of the utility model anti-fouling bed line spacing plate sleeper;
[0026] Figure 4 It is the structure schematic diagram of the utility model anti-fouling bed line spacing plate sleeper; Figure 1
[0027] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic diagram of the utility model anti-fouling bed line spacing plate sleeper.
[0028] The meaning represented by the reference numeral in the drawing is: 1, sleeper, 2, rail groove, 3, reserved hole, 4, shoulder, 5, step, 6, trough under the steel mesh, 7, end steel mesh, 8, stirrup, 9, prestressed steel, 10, rail bottom steel mesh, 11, spiral rib, 12, connecting component. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
[0030] It should be noted that the terminology used in this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used in this invention, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising," "including," and / or "having" are used in this invention, they indicate the presence of features, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "lateral", "longitudinal", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0032] Example: Figure 1 , 2 The anti-fouling track bed sleeper shown in Figure 3 is used in conjunction with the track bed slab for anti-fouling track bed applications in heavy-haul railway tunnels, arrival / departure tracks of conventional or high-speed railway stations, and dedicated freight unloading platforms. Its structure is as follows: The sleeper 1 has steps 5 of equal length on both sides. A rail groove 2 is provided on the top surface of the sleeper 1, and shoulders 4 are provided on both sides of the rail groove 2. Pre-drilled holes 3 or embedded sleeves are provided within the rail groove 2. The bottom of the rail groove 2 has a slope of 1:40 between the inner and outer elevations. The pre-drilled holes 3 or embedded sleeves are used to install rail spikes, which are then used to install the rails within the rail groove 2. The rail groove 2 is 25mm deep, the distance between the outer bottom feet of two rail grooves 2 is 1818mm, and the distance between the bottom feet of the same rail groove 2 is 305mm. The shoulders 4 on both sides of the rail groove 2 improve its lateral load-bearing capacity, enhance its lateral stability, and extend its service life. The shoulder 4, away from the rail groove 2, is a sloping surface. This sloping surface gently connects with the top surface of the sleeper 1, increasing the connection area between the shoulder 4 and the sleeper 1 and improving its strength. The sleeper 1 has an overall dumbbell shape, wider at both ends and narrower in the middle. This design meets the performance requirements of the sleeper while reducing its own weight.
[0033] The two sides of the sleeper 1 have steps 5, so that the line plate can be conveniently installed between two sleepers 1 after laying of the sleepers 1, and the line plate is correspondingly installed on the steps 5 of the adjacent two sleepers 1 on both sides during laying. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the step 5 is extended upward from the bottom surface of the sleeper 1 to the upper part of the sleeper, so that the cross section of the sleeper 1 is in the shape of a ladder composed of two trapezoids stacked in the vertical direction, the width and length of the bottom part of the sleeper are the same as those of the concrete sleeper, the track bed laid by the sleeper 1 with the structure has the same clear distance between the sleepers 1, and large machines can be used for tamping, meanwhile, the upper part of the cross section is increased, and the bending resistance of the cross section is increased. In cooperation with the line plate, the step 5 can also prevent dirt from entering the voids of the ballast, so as to solve the problems in the prior art caused by the use of the concrete sleeper. That is, the sleeper 1 of the utility model is used to replace the concrete sleeper in the prior art, which not only meets the requirements of large machines for tamping, but also maximally avoids dirt in the track bed. Moreover, the upper part of the sleeper with the structure has a larger space, which is convenient for track maintenance and replacement.
[0034] In the embodiment, the width of the step 5 is 38mm-55mm, and the distance between the step 5 surface of the step 5 and the rail bearing surface of the rail bearing groove 2 is 68mm-72mm. Preferably, the width of the step 5 reserved on the two sides of the two ends of the sleeper 1 is 50mm, and the width of the step 5 reserved in the middle part of the sleeper 1 is 40mm, so as to install the line plate, and the distance between the upper surface of the step 5 and the rail bearing surface is 70mm. As shown in the figure, the reserved hole 3 has a spiral rib 11 made of low-carbon cold-drawn steel wire outside the reserved hole 3, so as to improve the crack resistance and load bearing capacity of the reserved hole 3. Similarly, the spiral rib 11 is also provided outside the embedded sleeve in the sleeper 1. Figure 4
[0035] In other embodiments of the utility model not shown in the figure, in order to improve the flatness, sealing and stability of the line plate, a rubber sealing strip is embedded at the connection between the line plate and the step 5 in other embodiments.
[0036] A groove under steel mesh 6 is arranged below the rail groove 2, and the length direction of the groove under steel mesh 6 extends to below the shoulder 4, and the width direction extends to the step 5. The groove under steel mesh 6 can improve the bearing capacity and fatigue load capacity of the rail groove 2, prevent crushing and cracking and other diseases. Moreover, the groove under steel mesh 6 is color to the step 5, effectively reducing the hidden lines due to stress deformation when the sleeper is demolded and stretched, prolonging the service life. The groove under steel mesh 6 is composed of two longitudinal reinforcement and four spaced transverse reinforcement welded or bound on the longitudinal reinforcement, wherein the longitudinal reinforcement is φ18mm HRB400 hot-rolled ribbed steel, and the transverse reinforcement is φ6mm Q235-A low-carbon cold-drawn steel wire. The sleeper 1 has a plurality of steel groups composed of prestressed steel 9 in the middle, the prestressed steel 9 adopts φ7.0mm spiral rib steel wire, and the longitudinal tension is 750KN. The prestressed steel 9 can resist tensile strength and bearing capacity, and the spiral rib steel wire improves the bonding force between the steel and the concrete. 18 prestressed steels 9 are arranged on both sides of the reserved hole 3, (when the spiral sleeve is embedded in the sleeper, two steel groups are located on both sides of the spiral sleeve), one side has 9 steels, and the 9 prestressed steels in each steel group are divided into 3 columns, and the prestressed steels 9 in adjacent columns are staggered to form a plum blossom shape. Such arrangement can withstand force from different directions, improve the stability, fatigue resistance and strength of the sleeper 1 to meet the force requirement of the sleeper 1. In each group of prestressed steels, the uppermost prestressed steel in the middle column of prestressed steels 9 is higher than the uppermost prestressed steel in the other two columns, so that the stirrup 9 is in the shape of a convex letter (as shown in Figure 5 The prestressed steel arranged in this way can effectively transmit the wheel force transmitted by the wheel to the steel group and disperse the wheel force, thereby improving the load capacity. The stirrup 9 is fixed to the outer side of the two steel groups by welding or binding. The stirrup 9 of this structure cooperates with the steel group to improve the shear capacity of the sleeper 1.
[0037] The groove under steel mesh 6 is fixedly connected with one of the prestressed steels 9 in the steel group through a connecting member 12. The connecting member 12 is a steel structure, specifically a Z-shaped spiral rib steel wire bent, the upper part of the connecting member 12 is fixedly connected with the groove under steel mesh 6 by welding or binding, and the bottom is provided with a hook, which is connected with the prestressed steel 9 by binding or welding. Connecting members 12 are arranged on both sides of both ends of the groove under steel mesh 6 to improve the stability of the connection.
[0038] The stirrup 8 plays a limiting role on the prestressed steel bar 9, in addition, the two horizontal stirrups of the waist of the stirrup 8 in the shape of a convex letter are located below the step 5, thereby improving the strength of the step 5, in the embodiment, the number of the stirrups 8 is 15, the number of the stirrups 8 arranged below the rail groove 2 is denser than other places, thereby improving the strength of the rail groove 2. The stirrup 8 is made of Q235 low-carbon cold-drawn steel wire with a diameter of 6.0, and the stirrup 8 is bound on the prestressed steel bar 9 cage. In order to ensure the strength of the two ends of the sleeper 1, the end steel mesh 7 arranged vertically and spaced apart along the width is arranged at the two ends of the sleeper 1. The end steel mesh 7 is welded by low-carbon cold-drawn steel wire with a diameter of 6.0, and the length is 260 mm and the width is 130 mm.
[0039] The top surface of the sleeper 1 has an outer high and inner low slope, the height difference between the middle of the sleeper and the highest point of the end of the sleeper is 70 mm, the negative bending moment crack resistance caused thereby is compensated by the reinforcement of the sleeper 1, so as to improve the strength and the load bearing capacity of the sleeper 1, that is, the rail bottom steel mesh 10 is arranged at the position between the two rail grooves 2 at the bottom of the sleeper 1. The rail bottom steel mesh 10 is made of two hot-rolled ribbed steels with a diameter of 14 mm as longitudinal bars, and low-carbon cold-drawn steel wire with a diameter of 6.0 is welded or bound thereon, and the steel mesh has a length of 520 mm and a width of 290 mm.
[0040] The sleeper 1 of the embodiment is made of plastic concrete, so that the vibration time is shortened and the harm of vibration noise to the production workers is reduced.
[0041] The track sleeper laid by the utility model not only achieves neatness and beauty, but also can keep consistent with the main line, and the ballast can be tamped simultaneously with the main line, so that the quality of the ballast of the laid section is greatly improved compared with the wide sleeper. The setting of the reinforcement can ensure the mechanical properties of the high sleeper, thereby ensuring the durability of the sleeper, and the setting of the groove bottom steel mesh not only improves the load bearing capacity of the rail groove of the high sleeper, effectively avoids the emergence of diseases such as crushing and cracking, but also reduces the emergence of hidden lines at the junction of the step and the sleeper during production, ensures the stability of the use of the sleeper, reduces the emergence of cracking, prolongs the service life, and the emergence of the shoulder design makes the lateral resistance of the sleeper stronger, greatly reduces the maintenance workload of the dirty section, and significantly reduces the daily maintenance workload of the work.
[0042] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the utility model, and is not used to limit the utility model, and the utility model can be changed and varied for the person skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. An anti-fouling track bed cord panel tie, characterized by, The sleeper has steps with the same length as the sleeper on both sides, and a rail bearing groove is arranged on the top surface of the steps, the steps are extended upward from the bottom surface of the sleeper to the middle and upper part of the sleeper, so that the cross section of the sleeper is in the shape of a ladder with two trapezoids stacked in the vertical direction, the rail bearing groove has a shoulder on both sides, a reserved hole or a pre-buried sleeve is arranged in the rail bearing groove, a groove under the steel mesh is arranged below the rail bearing groove, the length direction of the groove under the steel mesh extends below the shoulder, and the width direction of the groove under the steel mesh extends into the step, the middle part of the sleeper has a plurality of steel bars arranged in the shape of a plum blossom, and two groups of steel bars are arranged on both sides of the reserved hole, a stirrup is arranged outside the two groups of steel bars, and a vertical and spaced end steel mesh is arranged along the width of the sleeper at both ends of the sleeper.
2. The anti-fouling track panel tie of claim 1, wherein, The groove under the steel mesh is composed of two longitudinal bars and four spaced transverse bars welded or bound to the longitudinal bars.
3. The anti-foul track bed panel tie of claim 1, wherein, The groove under the steel mesh is fixedly connected with one of the prestressed steel bars in the steel bar group through a connecting member.
4. The anti-foul track bed panel tie of claim 3, wherein, The upper part of the connecting member is fixedly connected with the groove under the steel mesh, and the bottom part of the connecting member has a hook.
5. The anti-foul track bed panel tie of claim 4, wherein, The connecting member is formed by bending a spiral rib steel bar.
6. The anti-soil track bed panel tie of claim 1, wherein, Each of the steel bar groups includes three columns of spaced prestressed steel bars, wherein the uppermost prestressed steel bar in the middle column is higher than the uppermost prestressed steel bar in the adjacent column, so that the stirrup is in the shape of a Chinese character "K".
7. The anti-soil track bed panel tie of claim 1, wherein, A rail bottom steel mesh is arranged at the bottom of the sleeper between the two rail bearing grooves.
8. The anti-soil track bed panel tie of claim 1, wherein, The shoulder is inclined away from the rail bearing groove.
9. The anti-fouling track bed panel tie of any of claims 1-8, wherein, The sleeper is made of plastic concrete.