LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) power refrigerated transportation equipment and regenerator for same
By using a cold accumulator in LNG refrigerated transport equipment, and by utilizing solid-liquid phase change materials and a detachable heat exchange module design, the problem of cold energy loss during cold energy transfer is solved, achieving efficient cold energy storage and utilization, reducing costs and improving the energy efficiency of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520425854.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-11
AI Technical Summary
Existing LNG refrigerated transport equipment suffers from cold energy loss during the cold energy transfer process, especially during long-term operation and under extreme weather conditions, and the heat transfer efficiency needs to be improved.
A cold energy storage device is used, which includes an outer shell, an insulation layer, a cold storage agent, and a detachable heat exchange module. Through heat exchange between the cold storage agent and the cold storage agent, the cold energy is stored and released using solid-liquid phase change materials. The outer shell is covered with an insulation layer to reduce cold loss.
It improves the utilization rate of cold energy, reduces cold energy loss, enhances energy utilization efficiency and economic benefits, reduces investment and operating costs, and has good temperature stability and thermal insulation effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN223895691U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cold energy recovery and utilization technology, and in particular to an LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment and its cold storage device. Background Technology
[0002] LNG (liquefied natural gas) powered refrigerated transport equipment is gaining increasing attention in the cold chain logistics industry due to its environmentally friendly and economical characteristics. The large amount of cold energy released during the LNG vaporization process can be effectively utilized to not only improve energy efficiency and reduce waste, but also enhance economic benefits and reduce environmental pollution.
[0003] There are two ways to utilize the cold energy of LNG: direct and indirect. Direct utilization refers to the LNG being directly vaporized in a vaporizer, releasing cold energy that is directly used to cool the refrigerated compartments. Indirect utilization involves transferring the cold energy released from LNG vaporization to a refrigerant, which then transfers the cold energy to a cold storage material to store the LNG's cold energy. This stored energy is then released when needed to cool the compartments.
[0004] Currently, heat transfer efficiency still needs improvement, whether using direct or indirect methods, especially for large-capacity refrigerated trucks. During the transfer of cold energy, some cold energy is lost, particularly during long-term operation and under extreme weather conditions.
[0005] LNG cold energy utilization devices with accumulators can solve the problems of LNG cold energy utilization and storage. They have lower investment and operating costs and are more competitive in the market than traditional mechanical compression refrigeration devices. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment and its cold storage device that can improve heat exchange efficiency, increase cold energy utilization, and reduce cold energy loss.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0008] According to one aspect of this application, a cold storage device for LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment is provided, the cold storage device comprising:
[0009] shell;
[0010] An insulation layer, which covers the outer periphery of the outer shell, is used for insulation of the cold storage device;
[0011] A coolant, which is disposed inside the outer casing;
[0012] A heat exchange module is detachably arranged inside the housing; the heat exchange module is used for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cold storage agent, wherein the refrigerant is used to absorb the cold energy of the LNG in the LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment.
[0013] Specifically, when the temperature of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange module is lower than the eutectic point temperature of the refrigerant, the temperature of the refrigerant absorbing cold energy is lowered below the eutectic point and it completely solidifies to achieve cooling; when the temperature of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange module is higher than the eutectic point temperature of the refrigerant, the solidified refrigerant absorbs heat and its temperature rises above the eutectic point to completely melt and achieve cooling.
[0014] In some embodiments, the heat exchange module includes a heat exchange tube and a plurality of heat exchange fins, the plurality of heat exchange fins being arranged at intervals, the heat exchange tube passing through the plurality of heat exchange fins, the heat exchange tube having an inlet and an outlet, the interior of the heat exchange tube being used for the flow of a refrigerant, and the heat exchange tube exchanging heat with the refrigerant, a first heat exchange surface being formed on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube, the first heat exchange surface being used for heat exchange with the refrigerant; a second heat exchange surface being formed on the surface of the heat exchange fins, the second heat exchange surface being used for heat exchange with the refrigerant.
[0015] In some embodiments, the heat exchange tube includes a plurality of branch tubes, each of the branch tubes passing through a plurality of the heat exchange fins;
[0016] Each of the aforementioned manifolds has an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet and outlet of each manifold are located on opposite sides of the integral formed by the plurality of heat exchange fins. The interior of each manifold is used for the flow of refrigerant.
[0017] In some embodiments, each of the diversion pipes includes a plurality of straight pipe sections and a plurality of connecting pipe sections. The plurality of straight pipe sections are spaced apart and pass through the plurality of heat exchange fins. One end of each of two adjacent straight pipe sections is connected through a connecting pipe section.
[0018] In each of the two straight pipe sections located on opposite sides of the diversion pipe, one of the straight pipe sections is provided with an inlet and the other straight pipe section is provided with an outlet.
[0019] In some embodiments, the heat exchange module includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe being arranged on opposite sides of an integral assembly composed of a plurality of heat exchange fins; the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of each of the branch pipes, and the outlet pipe is connected to the outlet of each of the branch pipes; the interior of both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe is used for the flow of refrigerant.
[0020] The liquid inlet pipe includes a vertical section and a horizontal section, with the vertical section extending out of the outer casing; the horizontal section is connected to the bottom of the vertical section.
[0021] The inlet pipe also includes multiple branch pipe sections, which are connected to the horizontal pipe section at intervals.
[0022] The multiple branch pipes are arranged in an array of multiple rows and columns, and each branch pipe segment is connected to a column of branch pipes.
[0023] The outlet pipe has the same structure as the inlet pipe.
[0024] In some embodiments, the heat exchange module includes at least two connecting plates and a plurality of connecting rods. The at least two connecting plates are arranged at intervals, and a plurality of heat exchange fins are arranged at intervals between adjacent connecting plates. The upper and lower ends of adjacent connecting plates are respectively connected by at least one connecting rod, and the connecting rod is detachably connected to the connecting plate.
[0025] In some embodiments, the cold storage agent is a solid-liquid phase change material;
[0026] The cold storage agent is an aqueous solution of inorganic salts.
[0027] In some embodiments, the insulation layer is made of a thermally resistive material;
[0028] The insulation layer is an aerogel layer.
[0029] In some embodiments, the cold storage unit includes a mounting bracket disposed within the housing, the mounting bracket having an inwardly opening mounting groove that engages with the heat exchange module.
[0030] In some embodiments, a protective layer is provided on the surface of the heat exchange module that contacts the refrigerant and on the inner surface of the housing. The protective layer is used to isolate the heat exchange module, the housing and the refrigerant.
[0031] In some embodiments, the cold accumulator further includes a support disposed at the bottom of the housing for supporting the housing; the support is made of heat-insulating material and is used to prevent the cold accumulator from exchanging heat with the outside.
[0032] The bottom of the outer casing is also provided with a through hole, and a control valve for controlling its on / off state is provided at the through hole.
[0033] According to another aspect of this application, this application also provides an LNG-powered refrigerated transport device, including a transport body, an LNG storage tank, a refrigerated container, a heat exchanger, an evaporator, and a cold storage unit as described above arranged within the refrigerated container. The LNG storage tank is used to store LNG; the refrigerated container is used to refrigerate goods; the heat exchanger has a first heat exchange channel for the flow of a refrigerant and a second heat exchange channel for the flow of LNG, so that the refrigerant can exchange heat with LNG to absorb cold energy; the evaporator is used for the refrigerant to release cold energy; the heat exchange module of the cold storage unit is connected to the second heat exchange channel or to the outlet of the evaporator for the flow of refrigerant.
[0034] In some embodiments, the outlet of the LNG storage tank is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange channel via a delivery pipeline, and the outlet of the first heat exchange channel is connected to the engine of the transport body via an output pipeline.
[0035] The delivery pipeline and the output pipeline are connected by a connecting pipeline; the connecting pipeline is equipped with a first control valve for controlling their on / off state.
[0036] A second control valve is provided on the conveying pipeline, and the second control valve is located between the connecting pipeline and the first heat exchange channel. The second control valve is used to control the opening and closing of the conveying pipeline and the first heat exchange channel.
[0037] A third control valve is provided on the output pipeline, and the third control valve is located between the connecting pipeline and the first heat exchange channel. The third control valve is used to control the opening and closing of the output pipeline and the first heat exchange channel.
[0038] In some embodiments, a flow channel is formed inside the evaporator, and the flow channel, the second heat exchange channel, and the heat exchange module are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a loop;
[0039] The evaporator is equipped with a heating element, which is used to release heat and exchange heat with the refrigerant in the flow channel, so that the refrigerant releases cold energy.
[0040] In one configuration, the first control valve is open, while the second and third control valves are closed. The heating element is in operation to allow the refrigerant to release its cooling capacity. The refrigerant, after releasing its cooling capacity, flows into the heat exchange module, causing the solidified refrigerant to absorb heat and reach a temperature above the eutectic point, thus completely melting and releasing the cooling capacity. Alternatively, the heating element and the first control valve are closed, while the second and third control valves are open, allowing LNG to flow into the first heat exchange channel and exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchange channel. This causes the refrigerant to absorb cooling capacity, and the refrigerant carrying the cooling capacity flows into the heat exchange module, causing the refrigerant to absorb cooling capacity and drop its temperature below the eutectic point, thus completely solidifying and achieving cooling.
[0041] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model has at least the following advantages and positive effects:
[0042] In this application, the heat exchange module is used for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cold storage agent, while the refrigerant absorbs the cold energy of the LNG in the LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment. That is, the cold energy utilized by the cold storage device in this application is the cold energy released by the LNG, the power source of the LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment. This allows for the recovery and utilization of the cold energy released by LNG, which not only improves energy efficiency and reduces energy waste but also enhances economic benefits and reduces environmental pollution. Furthermore, compared to the traditional mechanical compression refrigeration equipment used in LNG-powered refrigerated trucks, the LNG cold energy utilization device with a cold storage device can solve the problems of LNG cold energy utilization and storage. Its investment and operating costs are lower, making it more competitive in the market than traditional mechanical compression refrigeration devices.
[0043] Specifically, when the temperature of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange module is lower than the eutectic point temperature of the refrigerant, the refrigerant absorbs cold energy and its temperature drops below the eutectic point, causing it to completely solidify and achieve cooling. When the temperature of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange module is higher than the eutectic point temperature of the refrigerant, the solidified refrigerant absorbs heat and its temperature rises above the eutectic point, causing it to completely melt and achieve cooling. In other words, this application uses heat exchange through the heat exchange module to cause a phase change in the refrigerant to achieve cooling storage or release. It only absorbs or releases a large amount of heat when it reaches the eutectic point temperature, but the temperature remains almost constant. This gives the refrigerant good temperature stability and improves its cooling effect.
[0044] Furthermore, the outer shell is covered with an insulation layer, which can play a role in heat insulation. This can reduce the loss of cold energy inside the shell during the heat exchange module's cold energy transfer process and when the cold accumulator is in the cold storage state, thereby improving energy utilization and cooling time.
[0045] In addition, the heat exchange module of the cold accumulator is detachably arranged inside the housing, so that the heat exchange module can be removed from the cold accumulator for maintenance, cleaning, replacement and other work, and also facilitates the installation of the heat exchange module. Attached Figure Description
[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment in this embodiment.
[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cold accumulator in this embodiment.
[0048] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the cold accumulator in this embodiment.
[0049] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the inner shell along the AA direction.
[0050] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the inner shell along the BB direction.
[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange module in this embodiment.
[0052] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the heat exchange module along the CC direction.
[0053] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the heat exchange module along the DD direction.
[0054] Figure 9 This is a top view of the heat exchange tube in this embodiment.
[0055] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:
[0056] 101. Engine of the main transport unit; 200. LNG storage tank; 400. Heat exchanger; 401. First heat exchange channel; 402. Second heat exchange channel; 500. Evaporator; 501. Flow channel; 502. Heating element; 600. Cold accumulator; 701. First liquid pump; 702. Second liquid pump; 801. First control valve; 802. Second control valve; 803. Third control valve; 804. First valve; 805. Second valve; 806. Third valve; 1. Outer shell; 11. Shell; 1 11. Through hole; 12. Cover; 122. Inlet; 2. Heat exchange module; 21. Heat exchange tube; 211. Diverter pipe; 2111. Inlet; 2112. Outlet; 2113. Straight pipe section; 2114. Connecting pipe section; 22. Heat exchange fins; 23. Liquid inlet pipe; 231. Vertical pipe section; 232. Horizontal pipe section; 233. Branch pipe section; 24. Liquid outlet pipe; 25. Connecting plate; 26. Connecting rod; 3. Control valve; 4. Valve; 5. Fixture; 6. Mounting bracket; 61. Mounting groove; 7. Support. Detailed Implementation
[0057] Typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of this utility model will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that this utility model can have various variations in different embodiments, all of which do not depart from the scope of this utility model, and the descriptions and illustrations therein are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit this utility model.
[0058] In the description of this application, it should be understood that, in the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, the indications of direction or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back) are merely for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. These descriptions are appropriate when these elements are in the positions shown in the accompanying drawings. If the description of the positions of these elements changes, these directional indications also change accordingly.
[0059] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0060] This application also provides an LNG-powered refrigerated transport device for cold chain transportation of goods.
[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment in this embodiment.
[0062] refer to Figure 1 The LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment includes a transport body, an LNG storage tank 200 mounted on the transport body, a refrigerated container, a heat exchanger 400 and an evaporator 500, and a cold storage unit 600 arranged inside the refrigerated container.
[0063] The transport vehicle can be a vehicle. In other embodiments, the transport vehicle can also be a ship, etc.
[0064] LNG storage tank 200 is used to store LNG. LNG storage tank 200 is connected to engine 101 of the main transport unit and is used to supply LNG to the engine to power the engine.
[0065] The interior of the refrigerated box is hollow, used for refrigerating goods.
[0066] The heat exchanger 400 has a first heat exchange channel 401 for the flow of refrigerant and a second heat exchange channel 402 for the flow of LNG, so that the refrigerant can exchange heat with the LNG and absorb cold energy. Specifically, the outlet of the LNG storage tank 200 is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange channel 401 through a delivery pipeline, and the outlet of the first heat exchange channel 401 is connected to the engine 101 of the transport body through an output pipeline.
[0067] Optionally, the delivery pipeline and the output pipeline are connected via a connecting pipeline. A first control valve 801 is provided on the connecting pipeline to control its on / off state. A second control valve 802 is provided on the delivery pipeline, located between the connecting pipeline and the first heat exchange channel 401, and is used to control the on / off state of the delivery pipeline and the first heat exchange channel 401. A third control valve 803 is provided on the output pipeline, located between the connecting pipeline and the first heat exchange channel 401, and is used to control the on / off state of the output pipeline and the first heat exchange channel 401.
[0068] The evaporator 500 is used for the refrigerant to release cooling capacity. Specifically, a flow channel 501 is formed inside the evaporator 500. A heating element 502 is provided inside the evaporator 500, which is used to release heat to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the flow channel 501, so that the refrigerant releases cooling capacity.
[0069] In this embodiment, the heating element 502 can be a fan to draw hot air into the evaporator 500. In other embodiments, the heating element 502 can also be a heating wire, etc.
[0070] The 600 cold storage unit is used for cold energy storage in LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment.
[0071] The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the cold accumulator 600 of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0072] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the cold accumulator 600 in this embodiment. Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the cold accumulator 600 in this embodiment.
[0073] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The cold storage unit 600 includes a shell 1, an insulation layer, a cold storage agent, and a heat exchange module 2. The shell 1 stores the cold storage agent. The heat exchange module 2 is detachably arranged inside the shell 1 and is used for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cold storage agent. The refrigerant absorbs the cold energy of the LNG from the LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment. Specifically, when the temperature of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange module 2 is lower than the eutectic point temperature of the cold storage agent, the temperature of the cold storage agent absorbing the cold energy decreases below the eutectic point, causing it to completely solidify and achieve cooling. When the temperature of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange module 2 is higher than the eutectic point temperature of the cold storage agent, the solidified cold storage agent absorbs heat and its temperature rises above the eutectic point, causing it to completely melt and achieve cooling.
[0074] In this application, the heat exchange module 2 is used for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cold storage agent, while the refrigerant is used to absorb the cold energy of the LNG in the LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment. That is, the cold energy utilized by the cold storage device 600 in this application is the cold energy released by the LNG, the power source of the LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment. This allows for the recovery and utilization of the cold energy released by the LNG fuel, which not only improves energy efficiency and reduces energy waste but also enhances economic benefits and reduces environmental pollution. Compared to the traditional mechanical compression refrigeration equipment used in LNG-powered refrigerated trucks, the LNG cold energy utilization device with the cold storage device 600 can solve the problems of LNG cold energy utilization and storage. Its investment and operating costs are lower, making it more competitive in the market than traditional mechanical compression refrigeration devices.
[0075] Specifically, when the temperature of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange module 2 is lower than the eutectic point temperature of the refrigerant, the temperature at which the refrigerant absorbs cold energy decreases below the eutectic point, causing it to completely solidify and achieve cooling. When the temperature of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange module 2 is higher than the eutectic point temperature of the refrigerant, the solidified refrigerant absorbs heat, causing its temperature to rise above the eutectic point, causing it to completely melt and achieve cooling release. In other words, through heat exchange in the heat exchange module 2, the refrigerant undergoes a phase change to achieve cooling storage or release. It only absorbs or releases a large amount of heat when it reaches the eutectic point temperature, but the temperature remains almost constant. This gives the refrigerant 600 good temperature stability and improves its cooling storage effect.
[0076] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the outer shell 1 is covered with an insulation layer, which can play a role in heat insulation. This can reduce the loss of cold energy inside the outer shell 1 during the cold energy transfer process of the heat exchange module 2 and when the cold accumulator 600 is in the cold storage state, so as to improve energy utilization and cooling time.
[0077] In addition, the heat exchange module 2 of the cold storage 600 is detachably arranged inside the housing, so that the heat exchange module 2 can be removed from the housing 1 to facilitate the inspection, cleaning, replacement and other work of the heat exchange module 2, and also to facilitate the installation of the heat exchange module 2.
[0078] In this embodiment, the outer shell 1 is hollow to form a receiving cavity, which is used to store the refrigerant.
[0079] The cold storage agent is a solid-liquid phase change material, meaning it absorbs or releases heat by changing its physical state, thereby storing and releasing cold energy. Specifically, when the cold storage agent is below the phase change temperature, it solidifies; when the temperature is above the phase change temperature, it melts. When the cold storage agent undergoes a phase change, it needs to absorb or release a large amount of heat to store or release cold energy.
[0080] Specifically, the refrigerant is an inorganic salt aqueous solution, which has a low freezing point. The freezing point of the refrigerant can be adjusted by regulating the concentration of the inorganic salt, allowing it to remain liquid even at low temperatures, thus facilitating effective heat transfer. Furthermore, compared to organic refrigerants, inorganic salt refrigerants offer higher stability and safety, reducing the risk of explosion. They also contain no organic matter, minimizing environmental pollution. Additionally, inorganic salt refrigerants have a high specific heat and excellent thermal conductivity, enabling rapid and efficient heat transfer and improving refrigerant storage efficiency.
[0081] For example, the refrigerant can be an aqueous solution of inorganic salts such as magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, or calcium chloride. The phase change temperature of the refrigerant is less than -30°C.
[0082] In this embodiment, the outer shell 1 is made of carbon steel, stainless steel or aluminum.
[0083] In this embodiment, the outer casing 1 includes a housing 11 and a cover 12. The housing 11 is hollow inside and open at the top. The cover 12 is detachably connected to the top of the housing 11 and is used to open and close the top opening of the housing 11. The housing 11 and the cover 12 together enclose a receiving cavity.
[0084] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the inner shell 1 along the AA direction. Figure 5 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the inner shell 1 along the BB direction.
[0085] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5For example, the cover 12 has a slot with a bottom opening for engaging with the top of the housing 11. Specifically, a plurality of fasteners 5 are arranged circumferentially inside the cover 12, each fastener 5 is connected to the top wall of the cover 12, and there is a gap between each fastener 5 and the peripheral side wall of the cover 12. At this time, the plurality of fasteners 5 and the peripheral side wall of the cover 12 form a slot with the opening facing downward.
[0086] refer to Figures 2-5 The bottom of the outer casing 1 has a through hole 111, which is connected to the accommodating cavity and is used for the discharge of the refrigerant. A control valve 3 is provided at the through hole 111 to control its opening and closing. Specifically, the bottom of the outer casing 11 has two through holes 111 spaced apart, and each through hole 111 is provided with a control valve 3.
[0087] The top of the outer casing 1 is provided with an injection port 122, which communicates with the accommodating cavity. Refrigerant can be injected into the accommodating cavity through the injection port 122. A valve 4 is provided at the injection port 122 to control its opening and closing.
[0088] refer to Figure 3 The heat exchange module 2 is detachably arranged inside the outer casing 1.
[0089] Combination Figures 3-5 Specifically, the cold storage 600 also includes a mounting bracket 6, which is located inside the outer casing 1. The mounting bracket 6 has an inwardly opening mounting groove 61, which engages with the heat exchange module 2. Furthermore, the mounting bracket 6 and the heat exchange module 2 are screwed together with fasteners to strengthen the connection between the heat exchange module 2 and the mounting bracket 6.
[0090] In this embodiment, there can be multiple heat exchange modules 2, which are spaced apart within the outer casing 1. Alternatively, there can be only one heat exchange module 2. The number of heat exchange modules 2 can be set as needed.
[0091] The interior of heat exchange module 2 is used for the flow of refrigerant, thereby achieving heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cold storage medium. When the temperature of the refrigerant entering heat exchange module 2 is lower than the eutectic point temperature of the cold storage medium, the cold storage medium absorbs cold energy and its temperature drops below the eutectic point, causing it to completely solidify and achieve cooling. When the temperature of the refrigerant entering heat exchange module 2 is higher than the eutectic point temperature of the cold storage medium, the solidified cold storage medium absorbs heat and its temperature rises above the eutectic point, causing it to completely melt and achieve cooling.
[0092] Specifically, the heat exchange module 2, flow channel 501, and second heat exchange channel 402 are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a loop for the flow of refrigerant. In practical applications, the first control valve 801 is in the open state, while the second control valve 802 and the third control valve 803 are in the closed state. The heating element 502 is in the working state to allow the refrigerant to release its cooling capacity. The refrigerant, after releasing its cooling capacity, flows into the heat exchange module 2, causing the solidified refrigerant to absorb heat and reach a temperature above the eutectic point, thus completely melting and achieving cooling. Alternatively, the heating element 502 and the first control valve 801 are in the closed state, while the second control valve 802 and the third control valve 803 are in the open state. This allows LNG to flow into the first heat exchange channel 401 and exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchange channel 402, causing the refrigerant to absorb cooling capacity. The refrigerant carrying the cooling capacity flows into the heat exchange module 2, causing the refrigerant to absorb cooling capacity and drop its temperature below the eutectic point, thus completely solidifying and achieving cooling.
[0093] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of heat exchange module 2 in this embodiment. Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange module 2 along the CC direction. Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange module 2 along the DD direction.
[0094] refer to Figures 6-8 In this embodiment, the heat exchange module 2 includes a heat exchange tube 21 and multiple heat exchange fins 22, wherein the multiple heat exchange fins 22 are arranged at intervals, and the heat exchange tube 21 passes through the multiple heat exchange fins 22. The heat exchange tube 21 has an inlet 2111 and an outlet 2112. The interior of the heat exchange tube 21 is used for the flow of refrigerant, and the heat exchange tube 21 exchanges heat with the refrigerant. A first heat exchange surface is formed on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 21, which is used for heat exchange with the refrigerant. The heat exchange fins 22 exchange heat with the heat exchange tube 21, so that a second heat exchange surface is formed on the surface of the heat exchange fins 22, which is used for heat exchange with the refrigerant. In this embodiment, the heat exchange module 2 adopts a structure combining heat exchange tube 21 and heat exchange fins 22, which increases the heat exchange area of the heat exchange module 2 and improves the heat transfer efficiency. This significantly increases the power of the cold storage 600 during charging and discharging, greatly improving the cooling efficiency and cooling time of the cold storage 600 in LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment.
[0095] Specifically, the inlet of heat exchange tube 21 is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchange channel 402 of heat exchanger 400, and the outlet of heat exchange tube 21 is connected to the inlet of flow channel 501.
[0096] Each heat exchange fin 22 is provided with a perforation, and the perforations on multiple heat exchange fins 22 are interconnected to allow the heat exchange tube 21 to pass through. The shape and size of the perforation are adapted to the shape and size of the cross-section of the heat exchange tube 21.
[0097] It should be noted that in this embodiment, there is no fixed connection between each heat exchange fin 22 and the heat exchange tube 21. That is, according to actual needs, an external force can be applied to the heat exchange fin 22 to move the heat exchange fin 22 along the heat exchange tube 21, thereby adjusting the spacing between two adjacent heat exchange fins 22, thereby adjusting the volume of the heat exchange space formed between two adjacent second heat exchange surfaces, and changing the thermal resistance of the heat exchange module 2. In this way, the cold storage efficiency of the cold accumulator 600 can be adjusted.
[0098] In this embodiment, the heat exchange fins 22 are made of aluminum.
[0099] Figure 9 This is a top view of the heat exchange tube 21 in this embodiment.
[0100] refer to Figures 6-9 In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 21 includes multiple branch tubes 211, which are arranged in multiple rows and columns. Each branch tube 211 passes through multiple heat exchange fins 22.
[0101] Each branch pipe 211 has an inlet 2111 and an outlet 2112, and the interior of each branch pipe 211 is used for the flow of refrigerant. Specifically, the inlet 2111 of the branch pipe 211 is connected to the second heat exchange channel 402, and the outlet 2112 of the branch pipe 211 is connected to the flow channel 501. The refrigerant flows from the inlet 2111 of the branch pipe 211 to the outlet 2111 of the branch pipe 211.
[0102] In this embodiment, the inlet 2111 and outlet 2112 of each diversion pipe 211 are arranged on opposite sides of the whole formed by multiple heat exchange fins 22. Furthermore, the inlet 2111 of multiple diversion pipes 211 is located on the same side, and the outlet 2112 of multiple diversion pipes 211 is located on the same side, which facilitates the arrangement of the diversion pipes 211.
[0103] Each branch pipe 211 includes multiple straight pipe sections 2113 and multiple connecting pipe sections 2114. The multiple straight pipe sections 2113 are spaced apart and pass through multiple heat exchange fins 22. One end of two adjacent straight pipe sections 2113 is connected by a connecting pipe section 2114. That is, the branch pipe 211 in this embodiment is serpentine.
[0104] Among them, in the two straight pipe sections 2113 located on the two outer sides of each branch pipe 211, one straight pipe section 2113 is provided with an inlet 2111, and the other straight pipe section 2113 is provided with an outlet 2112.
[0105] In this embodiment, the manifold 211 is made of copper, which gives it good thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance.
[0106] In this embodiment, the heat exchange module 2 further includes an inlet pipe 23 and an outlet pipe 24, which are located on opposite sides of the assembly formed by multiple heat exchange fins 22. The inlet pipe 23 is located on the same side as the inlet 2111 of the branch pipe 211, and is connected to the inlet 2111 of each branch pipe 211, and is used to connect to the second heat exchange channel 402. The outlet pipe 24 is located on the same side as the outlet 2112 of the branch pipe 211, and is connected to the outlet 2112 of each branch pipe 211, and is used to connect to the flow channel 501. The interiors of both the inlet pipe 23 and the outlet pipe 24 are used for the flow of refrigerant. In this embodiment, a single inlet pipe 23 is used to transport the refrigerant into multiple distribution pipes 211. The refrigerant is distributed through these multiple distribution pipes 211, allowing the outer surfaces of each pipe to simultaneously have either a higher or lower temperature, enabling simultaneous heat exchange with multiple heat exchange fins 22. This allows the surfaces of the heat exchange fins 22 to be rapidly and uniformly cooled or heated, forming a heat exchange surface and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange module 2, thereby increasing the heat exchange efficiency of the refrigerant and ultimately improving the charging and discharging efficiency of the refrigerant 600. Similarly, the outlets 2112 of the multiple distribution pipes 211 are connected to a single outlet pipe 24 for centralized refrigerant return. Furthermore, this design reduces the amount of piping and simplifies the structure of the heat exchange module 2.
[0107] It should be noted that the number of distribution pipes 211 is set according to the diameter of the inlet pipe 23. Specifically, the distribution pipes 211 are arranged according to the flow rate of the refrigerant delivered by the inlet pipe 23 per unit time, so as to ensure that the refrigerant flows in a turbulent manner in each distribution pipe 211, so as to make the flow velocity of the refrigerant higher, thereby avoiding the loss of heat or cold energy of the refrigerant and improving the utilization rate of the thermal or cold energy of the refrigerant.
[0108] Specifically, the liquid inlet pipe 23 includes a vertical pipe section 231 and a horizontal pipe section 232. The vertical pipe section 231 extends out of the outer casing 1 and is connected to the second heat exchange channel 402 via a pipeline. The horizontal pipe section 232 is connected to the bottom of the vertical pipe section 231. The liquid inlet pipe 23 also includes multiple branch pipe sections 233, which are connected at intervals to the horizontal pipe section 232. Each branch pipe section 233 is connected to a row of branch pipes 211 to organize the pipeline layout.
[0109] The structure of the liquid outlet pipe 24 is the same as that of the liquid inlet pipe 23. For details, please refer to the above text.
[0110] In this embodiment, the heat exchange module 2 includes at least two connecting plates 25 and multiple connecting rods 26. The at least two connecting plates 25 are spaced apart, and the upper and lower ends of adjacent connecting plates 25 are connected by at least one connecting rod 26 to form a frame. Multiple heat exchange fins 22 are spaced apart between adjacent connecting plates 25, and multiple heat exchange tubes 21 pass through the multiple heat exchange fins 22 and the at least two connecting plates 25. In this configuration, the frame formed by the at least two connecting plates 25 and the multiple connecting rods 26 provides load-bearing support for the heat exchange tubes 21, reducing the pressure of the heat exchange tubes 21 on the heat exchange fins 22 and ensuring the stability and durability of the heat exchange fins 22.
[0111] At this time, each connecting plate 25 is used to engage with the mounting slot 61 on the mounting bracket 6 and is detachably connected by fasteners.
[0112] That is, in this embodiment, the number of heat exchange modules 2, the spacing between two adjacent heat exchange fins 22 of the heat exchange module 2, the number of diversion pipes 211, etc. can all be adjusted as needed, which has high flexibility and versatility.
[0113] In this embodiment, a protective layer is provided on the surface of the heat exchange module 2 that is in contact with the cold storage agent and on the inner surface of the outer shell 1. The protective layer is used to isolate the heat exchange module 2, the outer shell 1 and the cold storage agent, so as to avoid the heat exchange module 2 and the outer shell 1 from direct contact with the cold storage agent and causing corrosion damage, thereby improving the service life of the heat exchange module 2 and the outer shell 1.
[0114] Specifically, the protective layer is formed by electrophoresis directly on the outer shell 1 and the heat exchange module 2.
[0115] The outer surface of the outer shell 1 is provided with a heat insulation layer, which is used for heat insulation of the cold storage 600 to improve the heat insulation performance of the cold storage 600, reduce the cold loss of the cold storage agent, and improve the energy utilization rate.
[0116] Specifically, the insulation layer uses a high thermal resistance material. Specifically, the insulation layer can be an aerogel layer. Compared to traditional polyurethane insulation, using an aerogel layer as the insulation layer for the cold storage unit 600 provides better thermal insulation and can better reduce the loss of cold energy stored in the cold storage agent.
[0117] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 In this embodiment, the cold accumulator 600 also includes a support 7, which is located at the bottom of the outer casing 1 and is used to support the outer casing 1. The support 7 is made of heat-insulating material and is used to prevent the cold accumulator from exchanging heat with the outside.
[0118] refer to Figure 1The LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment also includes liquid pumps, which are connected between the refrigerant accumulator 600 and the evaporator 500, or between the heat exchanger 400 and the refrigerant accumulator 600. The liquid pumps are used to pump the refrigerant, ensuring its smooth flow within the loop of the refrigerant accumulator 600, evaporator 500, and heat exchanger 400. Two liquid pumps are used, connected in parallel. These two pumps are designated as first liquid pump 701 and second liquid pump 702. First liquid pump 701 is connected between the refrigerant accumulator 600 and the evaporator 500. Second liquid pump 702 is sequentially connected to the evaporator 500 and the heat exchanger 400 via pipelines to form a loop.
[0119] Optionally, a first valve 804 is provided on the inlet pipe of the second liquid pump 702. The first valve 804 is used to control the on / off connection between the second heat exchange channel 402 and the second liquid pump 702. A second valve 805 is provided on the inlet pipe of the accumulator 600. The second valve 805 is located downstream of the connection point between the inlet of the second liquid pump 702 and the second heat exchange channel 402. The second valve 805 is used to control the on / off connection between the second heat exchange channel 402 and the accumulator 600. A third valve 806 is provided on the outlet pipe of the first liquid pump 7001. The third valve 806 is located upstream of the connection point between the outlet of the second liquid pump 702 and the evaporator 500. The third valve 806 is used to control the on / off connection between the first liquid pump 7001 and the evaporator 500.
[0120] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model has at least the following advantages and positive effects:
[0121] In this application, the heat exchange module is used for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cold storage agent, while the refrigerant absorbs the cold energy of the LNG in the LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment. That is, the cold energy utilized by the cold storage device in this application is the cold energy released by the LNG fuel, the power source of the LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment. This allows for the recovery and utilization of the cold energy released by the LNG fuel, which not only improves energy efficiency and reduces energy waste but also enhances economic benefits and reduces environmental pollution. Furthermore, compared to the traditional mechanical compression refrigeration equipment used in LNG-powered refrigerated trucks, the LNG cold energy utilization device with a cold storage device can solve the problems of LNG cold energy utilization and storage. Its investment and operating costs are lower, making it more competitive in the market than traditional mechanical compression refrigeration devices.
[0122] Specifically, when the temperature of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange module is lower than the eutectic point temperature of the refrigerant, the refrigerant absorbs cold energy and its temperature drops below the eutectic point, causing it to completely solidify and achieve cooling. When the temperature of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange module is higher than the eutectic point temperature of the refrigerant, the solidified refrigerant absorbs heat and its temperature rises above the eutectic point, causing it to completely melt and achieve cooling. In other words, through heat exchange in the heat exchange module, the refrigerant undergoes a phase change to achieve cooling storage or cooling release. It only absorbs or releases a large amount of heat when it reaches the eutectic point temperature, but the temperature remains almost constant. This gives the refrigerant good temperature stability and improves its cooling storage effect.
[0123] Furthermore, the outer shell is covered with an insulation layer, which can play a role in heat insulation. This can reduce the loss of cold energy inside the shell during the heat exchange module's cold energy transfer process and when the cold accumulator is in the cold storage state, thereby improving energy utilization and cooling time.
[0124] In addition, the heat exchange module of the cold accumulator is detachably arranged inside the housing, so that the heat exchange module can be removed from the cold accumulator for maintenance, cleaning, replacement and other work, and also facilitates the installation of the heat exchange module.
[0125] In other words, this application improves heat transfer efficiency while reducing cold loss through unique design of the heat exchange module in terms of refrigerant flow, fins and insulation materials. This significantly increases the power of the cold accumulator during charging and discharging, greatly improving the cooling efficiency and cooling time of the cold accumulator in LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment.
[0126] Although the present invention has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terminology used is descriptive and exemplary, and not restrictive. Since the present invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all variations and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A cold storage device for LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment, characterized in that, The cold storage device includes: shell; An insulation layer, which covers the outer periphery of the outer shell, is used for insulation of the cold storage device; A coolant, which is disposed inside the outer casing; A heat exchange module is detachably arranged inside the housing; the heat exchange module is used for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cold storage agent, wherein the refrigerant is used to absorb the cold energy of the LNG in the LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment. Specifically, when the temperature of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange module is lower than the eutectic point temperature of the refrigerant, the temperature of the refrigerant absorbing cold energy is lowered below the eutectic point and it completely solidifies to achieve charging cooling; when the temperature of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange module is higher than the eutectic point temperature of the refrigerant, the solidified refrigerant absorbs heat and its temperature rises above the eutectic point and it completely melts to achieve releasing cooling.
2. The cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange module includes a heat exchange tube and multiple heat exchange fins, which are arranged at intervals. The heat exchange tube passes through the multiple heat exchange fins and has an inlet and an outlet. The interior of the heat exchange tube is used for the flow of a refrigerant, and the heat exchange tube exchanges heat with the refrigerant. A first heat exchange surface is formed on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube, which is used for heat exchange with the refrigerant. A second heat exchange surface is formed on the surface of the heat exchange fins, which is used for heat exchange with the refrigerant.
3. The cold storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat exchange tube includes multiple branch tubes, and each branch tube passes through multiple heat exchange fins respectively; Each of the aforementioned manifolds has an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet and outlet of each manifold are located on opposite sides of the integral formed by the plurality of heat exchange fins. The interior of each manifold is used for the flow of refrigerant.
4. The cold storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the diversion pipes includes multiple straight pipe sections and multiple connecting pipe sections. The multiple straight pipe sections are spaced apart and pass through multiple heat exchange fins. One end of each of two adjacent straight pipe sections is connected through a connecting pipe section. In each of the two straight pipe sections located on opposite sides of the diversion pipe, one of the straight pipe sections is provided with an inlet and the other straight pipe section is provided with an outlet.
5. The cold storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat exchange module includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, which are located on opposite sides of an integral assembly composed of multiple heat exchange fins. The inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of each of the branch pipes, and the outlet pipe is connected to the outlet of each of the branch pipes. The interior of both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe is used for the flow of refrigerant. The liquid inlet pipe includes a vertical section and a horizontal section, with the vertical section extending out of the outer casing; the horizontal section is connected to the bottom of the vertical section. The inlet pipe also includes multiple branch pipe sections, which are connected to the horizontal pipe section at intervals. The multiple branch pipes are arranged in an array of multiple rows and columns, and each branch pipe segment is connected to a column of branch pipes. The outlet pipe has the same structure as the inlet pipe.
6. The cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange module includes at least two connecting plates and multiple connecting rods. The at least two connecting plates are arranged at intervals, and multiple heat exchange fins are arranged at intervals between adjacent connecting plates. The upper and lower ends of adjacent connecting plates are respectively connected by at least one connecting rod, and the connecting rod is detachably connected to the connecting plate.
7. The cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold storage agent is a solid-liquid phase change material; The cold storage agent is an aqueous solution of inorganic salts.
8. The cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation layer is made of thermally resistive material; The insulation layer is an aerogel layer.
9. The cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold storage unit includes a mounting bracket, which is disposed inside the outer casing. The mounting bracket has an inwardly opening mounting groove, which is engaged with the heat exchange module.
10. The cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange module and the surface in contact with the cold storage agent, as well as the inner surface of the outer shell, are provided with a protective layer. The protective layer is used to isolate the heat exchange module, the outer shell, and the cold storage agent.
11. The cold storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold storage unit also includes a support, which is located at the bottom of the outer shell and is used to support the outer shell; the support is made of heat insulation material and is used to prevent the cold storage unit from exchanging heat with the outside. The bottom of the outer casing is also provided with a through hole, and a control valve for controlling its on / off state is provided at the through hole.
12. An LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment, characterized in that, The device includes a transport body, an LNG storage tank mounted on the transport body, a refrigerated container, a heat exchanger, an evaporator, and a cold storage unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 11 arranged within the refrigerated container. The LNG storage tank is used to store LNG; the refrigerated container is used to refrigerate goods; the heat exchanger has a first heat exchange channel for the flow of a refrigerant and a second heat exchange channel for the flow of LNG, so that the refrigerant can exchange heat with the LNG to absorb cold energy; the evaporator is used for the refrigerant to release cold energy; and the heat exchange module of the cold storage unit is connected to the second heat exchange channel or to the outlet of the evaporator for the flow of the refrigerant.
13. The LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment according to claim 12, characterized in that, The outlet of the LNG storage tank is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange channel via a delivery pipeline, and the outlet of the first heat exchange channel is connected to the engine of the transport body via an output pipeline. The delivery pipeline and the output pipeline are connected by a connecting pipeline; the connecting pipeline is equipped with a first control valve for controlling their on / off state. A second control valve is provided on the conveying pipeline, and the second control valve is located between the connecting pipeline and the first heat exchange channel. The second control valve is used to control the opening and closing of the conveying pipeline and the first heat exchange channel. A third control valve is provided on the output pipeline, and the third control valve is located between the connecting pipeline and the first heat exchange channel. The third control valve is used to control the opening and closing of the output pipeline and the first heat exchange channel.
14. The LNG-powered refrigerated transport equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that, The evaporator has a flow channel inside, and the flow channel, the second heat exchange channel and the heat exchange module are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a loop; The evaporator is equipped with a heating element, which is used to release heat and exchange heat with the refrigerant in the flow channel, so that the refrigerant releases cold energy. In one configuration, the first control valve is open, while the second and third control valves are closed. The heating element is in operation to allow the refrigerant to release its cooling capacity. The refrigerant, after releasing its cooling capacity, flows into the heat exchange module, causing the solidified refrigerant to absorb heat and reach a temperature above the eutectic point, thus completely melting and releasing the cooling capacity. Alternatively, the heating element and the first control valve are closed, while the second and third control valves are open, allowing LNG to flow into the first heat exchange channel and exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchange channel. This causes the refrigerant to absorb cooling capacity, and the refrigerant carrying the cooling capacity flows into the heat exchange module, causing the refrigerant to absorb cooling capacity and drop its temperature below the eutectic point, thus completely solidifying and achieving cooling.