Strabismus demonstration model

Abstract

The strabismus demonstration model comprises a head model and an eyeball model assembly, the head model is provided with eye sockets, the eyeball model assembly is installed in the eye sockets and comprises eyeball beads and extraocular muscle simulation assemblies, the eyeball beads are connected with the extraocular muscle simulation assemblies, and the extraocular muscle simulation assemblies are connected with the eyeball beads. The eye muscle simulation assembly comprises six elastic rubber strips, a large fixing ring and a small fixing ring, real eye muscles are simulated through the six rubber strips, and various strabismus conditions can be simulated by adjusting the rubber strips at corresponding positions. According to the strabismus demonstration model, the head model and the eyeball model assembly are arranged, the eyeball model assembly comprises the six elastic rubber strips, the large fixing ring and the small fixing ring, real eye muscles are simulated through the six rubber strips, and various strabismus conditions can be simulated by adjusting the rubber strips at the corresponding positions; therefore, strabismus formation and treatment effects can be visually displayed, and doctors, patients and family members of the doctors, the patients and the family members of the doctors can conveniently understand complete extraocular muscles and strabismus surgery principles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ophthalmic medical device technology, and in particular to a strabismus demonstration model. Background Technology

[0002] Strabismus refers to the inability of both eyes to simultaneously focus on a target or for both eyes to deviate from their normal positions. It can involve inward, outward, upward, or downward deviation, or eye rotation. It is an extraocular muscle disorder and can be classified as inward, outward, upward, downward, or rotational strabismus.

[0003] Each eye has six extraocular muscles: the medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, superior oblique, and inferior oblique. Each extraocular muscle has a different path and attachment point, and a different function, working together to maintain normal eye position and eye movement. When there are problems with the nerves controlling the extraocular muscles or with the extraocular muscles themselves, various types of strabismus can occur. The main treatment is to correct eye alignment through extraocular muscle surgery. However, the function of the extraocular muscles and the corrective surgery are complex and abstract, and junior doctors, strabismus patients, and their families may find it difficult to understand the location, function, and surgical principles of the extraocular muscles.

[0004] Currently, most eye models are intraocular surgical models, such as those for cataracts and fundus diseases, lacking systematic and easily understandable strabismus eye models. For example, Chinese patent CN215599916U discloses a strabismus demonstration model, which includes an eye model and four extraocular muscle models. However, the extraocular muscle pathways are not realistic, and it can only simulate simple inward, outward, upward, and downward strabismus. It lacks models of the superior and inferior oblique muscles, as well as eye models representing various strabismus manifestations such as vertical, horizontal, or rotational strabismus caused by paralysis, hyperactivity, or restriction of the superior and inferior oblique muscles. This can lead to gaps in clinical teaching and communication with patients, making it difficult for patients and their families to understand the appearance of a strabismus eye and whether the strabismus has been completely corrected after surgery.

[0005] It is evident that the existing strabismus demonstration model still has many problems and urgently needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a strabismus demonstration model that can more intuitively demonstrate the formation and treatment effects of strabismus.

[0007] The technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A strabismus demonstration model includes a skull model and an eyeball model assembly. The skull model has an eye socket with a trolley structure on the inner wall of the eye socket. The eyeball model assembly is installed within the eye socket and includes an eyeball and an extraocular muscle simulation assembly. The eyeball is connected to the extraocular muscle simulation assembly. The upper, lower, inner, outer, and upper outer and lower outer outer surfaces of the eyeball are respectively provided with attachment points for the superior rectus muscle, inferior rectus muscle, medial rectus muscle, lateral rectus muscle, superior oblique muscle, and inferior oblique muscle. The extraocular muscle simulation assembly includes six elastic rubber strips and a large fixing ring and a small fixing ring. A large fixed ring is used to simulate the muscle conical ring, with its center aligned with the center of the eyeball. A small fixed ring is positioned on the anteroinferior aspect of the medial orbital wall. Four rubber strips are connected at one end to the attachment points of the superior rectus muscle, inferior rectus muscle, medial rectus muscle, and lateral rectus muscle, respectively, and at the other end to the large fixed ring. One rubber strip is connected at one end to the attachment point of the superior oblique muscle, and at the other end passes through a trochlear structure and connects to the large fixed ring. Another rubber strip is connected at one end to the attachment point of the inferior oblique muscle and at the other end to the small fixed ring. By using six rubber strips to simulate real eye muscles, various strabismus conditions can be simulated by adjusting the rubber strips in the corresponding positions.

[0009] Preferably, the entire eyeball is made of a solid white plastic sphere. The white part of the eyeball represents the sclera. The front of the eyeball is covered with a corneal layer made of a transparent, slightly convex material. Behind the corneal layer is an anterior chamber. Behind the anterior chamber is a brownish-yellow iris layer with a black pupil, forming the black eyeball.

[0010] Preferably, the fixing ring is connected to one end of a corresponding rubber strip at five positions: upper, lower, inner, outer, and outer upper. The other end of the corresponding rubber strip is connected to the attachment point of the superior rectus muscle, the attachment point of the inferior rectus muscle, the attachment point of the medial rectus muscle, the attachment point of the lateral rectus muscle, and the attachment point of the superior oblique muscle, respectively.

[0011] Preferably, each of the rubber strips is provided with several holes, and the eyeball model assembly also includes multiple buckles. Each buckle includes a buckle ring and a buckle pin. The buckle pin is installed inside the buckle ring and can rotate around the connection point. The diameter of the buckle pin is smaller than the diameter of the hole on the rubber strip. The rubber strip passes through the buckle ring, and the buckle pin is inserted into the hole at a suitable position on the rubber strip to fix the position of the rubber strip. Each rubber strip has a buckle at both ends to connect with the fixing ring or fixing small ring and the eyeball respectively. By using the two buckles at both ends of the same rubber strip, the length from the corresponding position of the eyeball to the fixing ring or fixing small ring can be obtained to simulate strengthening or weakening the force outside the eye, thereby adjusting the rotation angle and deflection of the eyeball.

[0012] Preferably, the large fixing ring and the small fixing ring are provided with connecting buckles for connecting to the buckles on the rubber strip.

[0013] Preferably, the attachment points of the superior rectus muscle, inferior rectus muscle, medial rectus muscle, lateral rectus muscle, superior oblique muscle, and inferior oblique muscle are provided with connecting buckles for connecting to the buckles on the rubber strip.

[0014] Preferably, the head model has two eye sockets, and an eyeball model component is installed in each eye socket.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a silicone face that can be detachably mounted on the head model.

[0016] Compared to existing technologies, this utility model of strabismus demonstration model sets up a skull model and an eyeball model assembly. The eyeball model assembly is installed in the eye socket and includes six elastic rubber strips and a large fixing ring and a small fixing ring. The six rubber strips simulate real eye muscles, and adjusting the rubber strips in the corresponding positions can simulate various strabismus conditions. This allows for a direct demonstration of the formation and treatment effects of strabismus, making it easier for doctors, patients, and their families to understand the complete extraocular muscles and the principles of strabismus surgery. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the silicone face in the strabismus demonstration model of this utility model embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the head model in the strabismus demonstration model of this utility model embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a front view of the eyeball model component in the right eye socket of the strabismus demonstration model in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Side view of the eyeball model component shown;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber strip and buckle in the oblique view demonstration model of this utility model embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" or "several" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0027] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application, provided that they do not affect the effects and purposes that this application can produce.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this utility model embodiment provides a strabismus demonstration model, including: a head model 1, a silicone face 2, and an eyeball model component 3.

[0029] The head model 1 is made of solid material. It has left and right eye sockets 11, and the inner wall of the eye sockets 11 has a trolley structure 12.

[0030] The silicone face 1 is mainly composed of hair, eyebrows, eyelids, eyelashes, palpebral fissures, nose, lips, and silicone skin. The silicone face 1 can be placed on the head model 2 and can also be removed.

[0031] There are two eyeball model components 3, which are installed in the left and right eye sockets 11 respectively, and are arranged symmetrically. Figure 3 (Only the right eye socket is shown in the image). Each eyeball model component 3 includes an eyeball 31 and an extraocular muscle simulation component, with the eyeball 31 connected to the extraocular muscle simulation component.

[0032] The eyeball 31 is made entirely of a solid white plastic sphere with a diameter of 24mm. The white part of the eyeball represents the sclera, the so-called "white of the eye." The anterior 1 / 6 of the eyeball 31 is covered by a corneal layer 311 made of a transparent, slightly convex material. Behind the corneal layer is an anterior chamber, and behind the anterior chamber is a brownish-yellow iris 312 with a black pupil, the so-called "black of the eye." Six attachment points are provided on the upper, lower, inner, outer, and upper outer and lower outer outer surfaces of the eyeball 31, namely the attachment points of the superior rectus muscle, inferior rectus muscle, medial rectus muscle, lateral rectus muscle, superior oblique muscle, and inferior oblique muscle. Connecting clips (not shown) are provided on the six attachment points.

[0033] The eye muscle simulation component consists of six elastic rubber strips 32 and two fixing rings (a large fixing ring 321 and a small fixing ring 322, respectively).

[0034] The fixing ring 321 is located on the posterior wall of the orbit and is used to simulate the muscle conical ring (Zinn common tendon ring), with its center flush with the center of the eyeball 31. The fixing ring 321 has connecting buckles (not shown) on its upper, lower, inner, outer, and upper outer sides.

[0035] Five rubber strips 32 are positioned at five locations: upper, lower, inner, outer, and upper inner. The upper rubber strip 32 is the superior rectus muscle rubber strip 323, with its two ends connected to the attachment point of the superior rectus muscle on the upper part of the eyeball 31 and the connecting buckle on the upper part of the fixing ring 321, respectively. The lower rubber strip 32 is the inferior rectus muscle rubber strip 324, with its two ends connected to the attachment point of the inferior rectus muscle on the lower part of the eyeball 31 and the connecting buckle on the lower part of the fixing ring 321, respectively. The inner rubber strip 32 is the medial rectus muscle rubber strip 325, with its two ends connected to the upper part of the eyeball 31. The medial rectus muscle attachment point is connected to the connecting buckle on the inner side of the fixing ring 321; the outer rubber strip 32 is the lateral rectus muscle rubber strip 326, and the two ends of the lateral rectus muscle rubber strip 326 are respectively connected to the lateral rectus muscle attachment point on the outside of the eyeball 31 and the connecting buckle on the outer side of the fixing ring 321; the inner upper rubber strip 32 is the superior oblique muscle rubber strip 327, one end of the superior oblique muscle rubber strip 327 passes through the trochlear structure 12 of the medial wall of the orbit and then connects to the superior oblique muscle attachment point on the upper outer side of the eyeball, and the other end of the superior oblique muscle rubber strip 327 is fixed to the connecting buckle on the upper outer side of the fixing ring 321.

[0036] The fixing ring 322 is located on the anteroinferior aspect of the medial wall of the orbit, with a connecting buckle (not shown) at its center. The remaining rubber strip 32 is the inferior oblique muscle rubber strip 328, with its two ends connected to the connecting buckle of the fixing ring 322 and the attachment point of the inferior oblique muscle on the lateral aspect of the eyeball 31, respectively. The eyeball is fixed in the orbit by the mutual restraint of six extraocular muscles.

[0037] Each rubber strip 32 has several holes 329 evenly spaced. Each rubber strip 32 has a buckle 33 at both ends for connection to a connecting buckle. Each buckle 33 includes a buckle ring 331 and a buckle pin 332. The buckle pin 332 is installed inside the buckle ring 331 and rotates around the connection point 333. The diameter of the buckle pin 332 is smaller than the diameter of the hole 329 on the rubber strip 32. The rubber strip 32 passes through the buckle ring 331, and the buckle pin 332 is inserted into the appropriate hole 329 on the rubber strip 32 to fix its position. Each rubber strip 32 has a buckle 33 at both ends to connect to the fixing ring 321 or fixing ring 322 and the connecting buckle on the eyeball 31, respectively (of course, other connection methods can be used in other embodiments). By using the two buckles 33 at both ends of the same rubber strip 32, the length from the corresponding position of the eyeball 31 to the fixed ring can be obtained (of course, in other embodiments, other structures besides buckles can be used to adjust the length from the corresponding position of the eyeball 31 to the fixed ring), thereby strengthening or weakening the force outside the eye, thereby adjusting the rotation angle and degree of deviation of the eyeball 31.

[0038] In this embodiment, the spherical distance from the upper edge of the cornea to the attachment point of the superior rectus muscle is 7.7 mm. This muscle travels at a 23° angle to the central axis of the eyeball, and its primary function is upward rotation, with secondary functions of inward rotation and internal rotation. The spherical distance from the lower edge of the cornea to the attachment point of the inferior rectus muscle is 5.9 mm. This muscle travels at a 23° angle to the central axis of the eyeball, and its primary function is downward rotation, with secondary functions of inward rotation and external rotation. The spherical distance from the inner edge of the cornea to the attachment point of the medial rectus muscle is 5.5 mm. This muscle travels parallel to the central axis of the eyeball, and its primary function is inward rotation. The distance from the outer edge of the cornea to the attachment point of the lateral rectus muscle... The spherical distance of the attachment point is 6.9 mm. The direction of this muscle is parallel to the central axis of the eyeball, and its main function is external rotation. The anterior end of the attachment point of the superior oblique muscle is about 5 mm behind the lateral end of the attachment point of the superior rectus muscle and 13 mm from the upper edge of the corneal layer. The entire superior oblique muscle forms a 51° angle with the anterior and posterior central axis. Its main function is internal rotation, and its secondary functions are downward rotation and external rotation. The anterior attachment point of the inferior oblique muscle is 12 mm from the corneal limbus and 2 mm higher than the lower edge of the lateral rectus muscle. The entire inferior oblique muscle forms a 51° angle with the anterior and posterior central axis. Its main function is external rotation, and its secondary functions are upward rotation and external rotation. This simulates the eyeball angle under normal conditions.

[0039] During the explanation, adjusting the length of the rubber strip 32 on either the left or right eye model component can simulate strabismus, making it easier for doctors, patients, and their families to understand strabismus cases. For esotropia correction, the fixation points of the rubber strips for the medial and lateral rectus muscles are pre-adjusted, and the eye position is demonstrated by corneal light reflex. The surgery simulates strengthening the lateral rectus muscle and relaxing the medial rectus muscle by pulling the lateral rectus rubber strip 326 so that its hole engages with the fastener at the attachment point, while simultaneously releasing the fastener of the medial rectus rubber strip 325. For exotropia correction, the fixation points of the rubber strips for the medial and lateral rectus muscles are pre-adjusted, and the eye position is demonstrated by corneal light reflex. The surgery simulates strengthening the medial rectus muscle and relaxing the lateral rectus muscle by pulling the medial rectus rubber strip 325 so that its hole engages with the fastener at the attachment point, while simultaneously releasing the fastener of the lateral rectus rubber strip 326. For hypertropia correction, the fixation points of the rubber bands for the superior and inferior rectus muscles are pre-adjusted, and the upward eye movement is demonstrated using corneal light reflex. The surgery simulates strengthening the inferior rectus muscle and relaxing the superior rectus muscle by pulling the inferior rectus rubber band 324 so that its hole engages with the clip at the attachment point, while simultaneously releasing the clip of the superior rectus rubber band 323. For hypotropia correction, the fixation points of the rubber bands for the superior and inferior rectus muscles are pre-adjusted, and the downward eye movement is demonstrated using corneal light reflex. The surgery simulates strengthening the superior rectus muscle and relaxing the inferior rectus muscle by pulling the superior rectus rubber band 323 so that its hole engages with the clip at the attachment point, while simultaneously releasing the clip of the inferior rectus rubber band 324. During inferior oblique muscle hypertrophy correction surgery, the fixation point of the inferior oblique muscle rubber band is pre-adjusted. This involves pulling the rubber band 328 so that its opening engages with the fastener at the attachment point. The eye position is then simulated using corneal light reflex, demonstrating upward and outward rotation. The surgery simulates relaxing the inferior oblique muscle by loosening the fastener of the rubber band 328, allowing the eye to return to its normal position. During superior oblique muscle paralysis correction surgery, the fixation point of the superior oblique muscle rubber band is pre-adjusted. This involves loosening the fastener of the rubber band 327. The eye position is then simulated using corneal light reflex, demonstrating upward and inward rotation. The surgery simulates strengthening the superior oblique muscle by loosening the fastener at the attachment point, allowing the eye to return to its normal position.

[0040] This strabismus demonstration model features a rational structure and scientific design. Compared to widely used strabismus eye models, it includes a skull model and a silicone face, making it easier to understand that the "white of the eye" is the sclera and the "black of the eye" is the iris when learning about eye structure and communicating with patients. Simultaneously, it simulates the deviation of one eye, providing a clearer understanding of strabismus when compared to the other. The white plastic eyeball is used, with six rubber strips simulating real eye muscles. Adjusting these strips allows for the simulation of various strabismus conditions, facilitating eyeball movement and the degree of deviation. This provides a very intuitive demonstration of the formation and treatment effects of strabismus.

[0041] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A strabismus demonstration model, characterized in that, The system includes a skull model and an eyeball model assembly. The skull model has an eye socket with a trochlear structure on the inner wall. The eyeball model assembly is installed within the eye socket and includes an eyeball and an extraocular muscle simulation assembly. The eyeball is connected to the extraocular muscle simulation assembly. The upper, lower, inner, outer, and upper outer and lower outer outer surfaces of the eyeball have attachment points for the superior rectus muscle, inferior rectus muscle, medial rectus muscle, lateral rectus muscle, superior oblique muscle, and inferior oblique muscle, respectively. The extraocular muscle simulation assembly includes six elastic rubber strips and a large fixing ring and a small fixing ring. The large fixing ring... The conical ring used to simulate muscles has its center aligned with the center of the eyeball. The fixing ring is located on the lower front of the medial wall of the orbit. Four rubber strips are connected at one end to the attachment points of the superior rectus muscle, inferior rectus muscle, medial rectus muscle, and lateral rectus muscle, respectively, and at the other end to the fixing ring. One rubber strip is connected at one end to the attachment point of the superior oblique muscle and at the other end passes through a trochlear structure and connects to the fixing ring. One rubber strip is connected at one end to the attachment point of the inferior oblique muscle and at the other end to the fixing ring. By using six rubber strips to simulate real eye muscles, various strabismus conditions can be simulated by adjusting the rubber strips in the corresponding positions. The strabismus demonstration model also includes buckles. Each rubber strip has several holes. The buckle includes a buckle ring and a buckle pin. The buckle pin is installed inside the buckle ring and can rotate around the connection point. The diameter of the buckle pin is smaller than the diameter of the hole on the rubber strip. The rubber strip passes through the buckle ring, and the buckle pin is inserted into the hole at a suitable position on the rubber strip to fix the position of the rubber strip. By using the two buckles at both ends of the same rubber strip, the length from the corresponding position of the eyeball to the fixed large ring or fixed small ring can be obtained to simulate strengthening or weakening the force outside the eye, thereby adjusting the rotation angle and degree of deviation of the eyeball.

2. The strabismus demonstration model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The entire eyeball is made of a solid white plastic sphere. The white part on the outside of the eyeball represents the sclera. The front of the eyeball is covered by a corneal layer made of a transparent, slightly convex material. Behind the corneal layer is an anterior chamber. Behind the anterior chamber is a brownish-yellow iris layer with a black pupil, forming the black eyeball.

3. The strabismus demonstration model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed ring is connected to one end of a corresponding rubber strip at five positions: upper, lower, inner, outer, and upper outer. The other end of the corresponding rubber strip is connected to the attachment point of the superior rectus muscle, the attachment point of the inferior rectus muscle, the attachment point of the medial rectus muscle, the attachment point of the lateral rectus muscle, and the attachment point of the superior oblique muscle, respectively.

4. The strabismus demonstration model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The large and small fixing rings are equipped with connecting buckles for connecting to the buckles on the rubber strip.

5. The strabismus demonstration model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The superior rectus muscle attachment point, inferior rectus muscle attachment point, medial rectus muscle attachment point, lateral rectus muscle attachment point, superior oblique muscle attachment point, and inferior oblique muscle attachment point are provided with connecting buckles for connecting to the buckles on the rubber strip.

6. The strabismus demonstration model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The head model has two eye sockets, and an eyeball model component is installed in each eye socket.

7. The strabismus demonstration model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a silicone face that can be detachably mounted on the head model.

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