Battery management and power supply system of electric motor car

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of battery management of new energy electric motor cars, and particularly relates to a battery management and power supply system of an electric motor car. Comprising master control modules in one-to-one correspondence with battery clusters of the electric motor car and slave control modules corresponding to the master control modules. The slave control module corresponding to each master control module is in one-to-one correspondence with the single batteries in the battery cluster corresponding to the master control module; different battery clusters of the electric motor car are respectively used for supplying power to different driving motors of the electric motor car; the slave control module is used for collecting data of the corresponding single battery and receiving a control instruction issued by the master control module and used for controlling the operation of the corresponding single battery; and the master control module is used for receiving the battery data of the battery clusters sent by the corresponding slave control modules, and is also used for issuing control instructions for controlling the battery clusters corresponding to the master control module to supply power to the corresponding driving motors to the slave control modules corresponding to the master control module.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the battery management field of new energy electric motor car, concretely relates to a battery management and power supply system of electric motor car. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the battery system management of new energy electric motor car mainly adopts two kinds of architectures, namely centralized architecture and distributed architecture. The centralized architecture usually refers to a centralized BMS as the master control to control all battery clusters. In the distributed architecture, each battery cluster is controlled by an independent master controller (i.e. master BMS).

[0003] The centralized architecture simplifies the system design, that is, the data collection and management of all battery units are completed by a centralized controller. Its advantages are that the system design and implementation are relatively simple, and the overall cost of the motor car is relatively low, but the disadvantages are also very obvious, such as high risk of single point failure, high bandwidth pressure and poor scalability. Compared with the centralized architecture, the existing distributed architecture is characterized by managing the battery through a master-slave structure (which includes a master BMS and its corresponding slave controller). The master-slave structure is as follows: the secondary slave controllers (i.e. secondary slave controls) each manage a group of battery monomers in a battery cluster to be responsible for the data collection and control of the corresponding battery monomers; the primary slave controller (i.e. primary slave control) is responsible for managing a single battery cluster composed of the battery monomers managed by each secondary slave control under it; and each master BMS is responsible for uniformly managing the battery clusters managed by each primary slave control under it (usually each master BMS needs to manage multiple battery clusters). Then the data controlled by each BMS is aggregated and outputted uniformly through cluster processing to realize the control of the driving motor.

[0004] However, in the process of control, due to the inconsistency of voltage and impedance between each battery cluster in the vehicle, the current will preferentially flow from the high-voltage cluster to the low-voltage cluster, forming branch circulating current; and if a single cluster battery cluster fails, it will affect the aggregation control result after clustering, thereby affecting the control of the entire driving motor, that is, due to the failure of a single cluster, the entire battery system is shut down and other serious consequences. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims at providing a battery management and power supply system of electric motor car, which is used to solve the problem that in the process of controlling the driving motor by aggregating and managing the data controlled by each BMS, branch circulating current may be formed, or the control of the driving motor may be affected due to the failure of a single battery cluster (i.e. single point failure).

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a battery management system of electric motor car, this system includes respectively with each battery cluster of electric motor car one one correspondence each main control module and with each main control module respectively corresponding slave control module, the slave control module of each main control module correspondence respectively with the single battery in the battery cluster of this main control module correspondence, the different battery cluster of electric motor car is used respectively to the different drive motor of electric motor car power supply, slave control module is used to gather the data of corresponding single battery, still be used to receive the control instruction that the main control module issues for controlling the operation of corresponding single battery,

[0007] The main control module is used for receiving the battery data of the battery cluster sent by each slave control module, and is also used for issuing control instructions for controlling the battery cluster corresponding to the main control module to supply power to the corresponding drive motor to each slave control module corresponding to the main control module.

[0008] The technical scheme of the battery management system of the electric motor car has the following beneficial effects: the utility model provides a kind of brand-new battery management system of electric motor car, and the system is controlled by main control module and slave control module corresponding to each main control module, and each battery cluster is controlled to supply power to drive motor corresponding thereto by two-level architecture, which is equivalent to form each battery management group completely independent between slave control power supply object and realizing control module, i.e. the system is equipped with the main control module corresponding thereto for managing single battery cluster for each drive motor, to realize independent control. By receiving the battery data of the battery cluster sent by each slave control module corresponding to the main control module and issuing control instructions for controlling the battery cluster corresponding to the main control module to supply power to the corresponding drive motor to each slave control module corresponding to the main control module, the slave control module collects the data of the corresponding single battery and receives the control instruction for controlling the operation of the corresponding single battery issued by the main control module, the master-slave two-level architecture that different drive motors in vehicle are respectively handed over to independent main control module responsible is realized.

[0009] In summary, the structure of the system can ensure that different master control modules establish one-to-one control and power supply relationship with different driving motors and the battery clusters that supply power to them, so that each driving motor and its corresponding battery cluster has its own independent energy transmission channel. There is no circulation of different battery clusters, so as to ensure that each battery cluster does not affect each other; that is, the structure of the system ensures the mutual isolation between each battery cluster and its data, completely eliminating the problem of branch circulation caused by power supply during control, and since the structure is a split structure, each master control module only manages the battery cluster that corresponds to it. Therefore, if a single point failure occurs, since the system only controls each battery cluster to supply power to the driving motor that has a one-to-one correspondence with the battery cluster, it does not involve cluster and power supply control, so the single cluster battery cluster that fails will only affect the driving motor that supplies power, and will not affect the power supply of other normal battery clusters to driving motors. Even if a single point failure occurs during locomotive travel, the maximum impact is only to cause the driving motor corresponding to the failed battery cluster to shut down, and will not cause the entire battery control system and control object (i.e. all driving motors) to shut down and other serious consequences. Other normal battery clusters can also supply power to their corresponding driving motors to ensure that even in the case of a failed battery cluster before removal, the locomotive can still travel normally. In addition, the master-slave two-level architecture of the system has fewer control levels and lower complexity.

[0010] Further, the master control module is further configured to send the obtained battery data of the battery cluster to the vehicle control unit, and receive an instruction issued by the vehicle control unit.

[0011] Further, the master control module is a BMS controller.

[0012] Further, the battery management system further comprises a battery thermal management unit for managing the liquid heating and liquid cooling of each single battery in the battery cluster, and the master control module is further configured to communicate with the battery thermal management unit of the corresponding battery cluster.

[0013] Further, the master control module and the slave control module communicate through a CAN channel inside the vehicle.

[0014] The utility model further provides a power supply system of electric locomotive, include: battery subsystem and battery management subsystem,

[0015] The battery subsystem comprises different battery clusters for supplying power to different driving motors of the electric locomotive.

[0016] The battery management subsystem comprises: a plurality of master modules corresponding to a plurality of battery clusters of the electric vehicle respectively, and a plurality of slave modules corresponding to the plurality of master modules respectively; the slave modules corresponding to each master module correspond to single batteries in the battery cluster corresponding to the master module respectively; different battery clusters of the electric vehicle are used to supply power to different drive motors of the electric vehicle respectively; the slave modules are used to collect data of the corresponding single batteries, and are also used to receive control instructions issued by the master modules for controlling operation of the corresponding single batteries;

[0017] The master modules are used to receive battery data of the battery clusters sent by the corresponding slave modules, and are also used to issue control instructions for controlling the battery clusters corresponding to the master modules to supply power to the corresponding drive motors to the slave modules corresponding to the master modules.

[0018] Further, the master modules are also used to upload the acquired battery data of the battery clusters to the vehicle control unit, and receive instructions issued by the vehicle control unit.

[0019] Further, the master modules are BMS controllers.

[0020] Further, a battery thermal management unit for managing liquid heat and liquid cooling of each single battery in the battery cluster is further included; the master modules are also used to communicate with the battery thermal management unit of the battery cluster corresponding to the master modules.

[0021] Further, the master modules and the slave modules communicate through a CAN channel inside the whole vehicle.

[0022] The system can achieve the same beneficial effects as the battery management system of the electric vehicle on the basis of automatically realizing one-to-one correspondence between different drive motors and different battery clusters supplying power to the different drive motors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the principle of the battery management system of the electric vehicle in the battery management system embodiment of the electric vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clear and explicit, the utility model is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Battery management system embodiment of electric vehicle

[0026] The embodiment provides a technical scheme of a battery management system of an electric motor car, and the main idea of the system is that: through the split type battery management structure of the one-to-one control relationship between each master control module and each battery cluster and the one-to-one control relationship between each slave control module under the master control module and each single battery, different battery clusters of the electric motor car are respectively and one-to-one corresponding to supply power to different driving motors.

[0027] In the embodiment, the system specifically comprises: each master control module corresponding to each battery cluster of the electric motor car respectively, and a slave control module corresponding to each master control module respectively; the slave control module corresponding to each master control module is one-to-one corresponding to the single battery in the battery cluster corresponding to the master control module. Different battery clusters of the electric motor car are respectively used to supply power to different driving motors of the electric motor car; the slave control module is used to collect the data of the corresponding single battery, and is also used to receive the control instruction issued by the master control module and used to control the operation of the corresponding single battery.

[0028] The master control module is used to receive the battery data of the battery cluster sent by each slave control module corresponding to the master control module, and is also used to issue the control instruction to each slave control module corresponding to the master control module, so that the battery cluster corresponding to the master control module supplies power to the corresponding driving motor.

[0029] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 , the main components of the system are as follows:

[0030] 1) Master control module (i.e. each master control module corresponding to each battery cluster of the electric motor car)

[0031] The functions of the module include:

[0032] a) receiving the battery data of the battery cluster sent by each slave control module corresponding to the master control module;

[0033] For example, the communication branch of one master-slave communication shown in Figure 1 , the BCU master 1 (the master control module is a BMS controller, and the BCU master 1 is a battery control unit in a certain master control module, and the BCU master 1 is equivalent to the master control module) corresponds to the battery cluster A (the battery cluster A is equivalent to the battery cluster corresponding to the master control module) managed by the BCU master 1. Figure 1The BCU master 1 controls the slave 1~slave M1 (i.e. all the slave modules corresponding to the BCU master 1) to correspond to the battery 1~battery N (i.e. all the single batteries in the battery cluster A) in the battery cluster A one by one. In actual application, the BCU master 1 can receive the battery data of the battery cluster sent by the slave 1~slave M1 under its control through the established communication channel. In this embodiment, the master module and the slave module communicate through the CAN channel inside the vehicle, that is, in this embodiment, the battery cluster A and the slave 1~slave M1 under the control of the BCU master 1 all communicate through the CAN channel inside the vehicle to obtain the battery data of the battery cluster sent by the slave 1~slave M1. In other embodiments, other communication methods can also be adopted.

[0034] b) issuing control instructions to each slave module corresponding to the master module for controlling the battery cluster corresponding to the master module to supply power to the corresponding drive motor;

[0035] The control effect of the split master-slave two-level architecture of the battery management system in this embodiment is that different master modules and their corresponding slave modules control different battery clusters of the electric vehicle to supply power to different drive motors of the electric vehicle independently. According to the power supply relationship, each drive motor corresponds to each battery cluster that supplies power to it. For example, the BCU master 1 corresponds to the battery cluster A that it manages, and the BCU master n corresponds to the battery cluster X that it manages. The other master modules are the same.

[0036] c) uploading the obtained battery data of the battery cluster to the vehicle control unit and receiving the instructions issued by the vehicle control unit;

[0037] Specifically, since each slave module under a master module is responsible for collecting the battery data of each single battery in the battery cluster corresponding to the master module. Therefore, when each slave module collects the corresponding battery data according to the instructions, these battery data can collectively constitute the battery data of this battery cluster to reflect the battery status of the entire battery cluster. The master module and the vehicle control unit are both provided with a communication interface, which provides a data transmission channel for uploading the battery data of the battery cluster to the vehicle control unit and receiving the instructions issued by the vehicle control unit, so that the master module can interact with the vehicle control unit.

[0038] Reference Figure 1For example, the battery cluster A, the slave control module 1~M1 under the control of the master control module BCU master 1 is responsible for managing the battery cluster A. The BCU master 1 receives the battery data collection instruction issued by the VCU (Vehicle Control Unit, i.e. vehicle control unit), and the BCU master 1 controls the slave control 1~M1 to collect the battery data of the battery 1~N according to the instruction. When the battery data collection is completed, the data is taken as the battery data of the battery cluster A (i.e. the data that can reflect the battery status of the battery cluster A), and is uploaded to the VCU. Here, only the battery cluster A is taken as an example, and the battery data collection of other battery clusters in the embodiment is the same as that of the battery cluster A. In addition, the number of slaves under each master control module can be flexibly set, that is, the number of slaves under different master control modules can be set to be consistent or inconsistent. For example, the slave control module of the BCU master 2 is slave control 1~M2; the slave control module of the BCU master n is slave control 1~M n For each master control module, M1, M2…M n may be set the same; or different; or some of them are the same and the others are different.

[0039] d) communication with the battery thermal management unit of the corresponding battery cluster;

[0040] As shown in Figure 1 , in addition to the master control module and the slave control module, the system also includes a TMS (i.e. battery thermal management unit) for managing the liquid heat and liquid cooling of each monomer battery in the battery cluster. The master control module can provide a channel for communication with the TMS, and data interaction is carried out to enable the TMS to obtain the battery temperature and other thermal management data of each battery cluster. In the embodiment, each master control module communicates with the corresponding TMS one by one, for example, BCU master 1 communicates with TMS 1, and BCU master n communicates with TMS n.

[0041] II) slave control module (i.e. slave control module corresponding to each master control module)

[0042] Referring to Figure 1 , the slave control module corresponding to each master control module corresponds one by one to the monomer battery in the battery cluster corresponding to the master control module. For example, the slave control 1~M1 directly takes charge of the battery 1~N according to the corresponding relationship. The functions of this module include:

[0043] collecting data of the corresponding monomer battery;

[0044] Specifically, for example, the BCU master 1 controls the slave 1 to collect data of the battery 1 alone; the slave M1 collects data of the battery N alone. Since one-to-one correspondence exists, each slave does not have the ability to collect data of other single batteries that do not have a corresponding relationship with it, for example, the slave 1 cannot collect data of the battery N, and vice versa.

[0045] receive the control instruction issued by the master module for controlling the operation of the corresponding single battery;

[0046] With reference to the specific implementation of the battery management system of the electric vehicle in the foregoing embodiments, Figure 1 For example, when the BCU master 1 issues a power-on instruction for the battery 1, the slave 1 receives the instruction and controls the battery 1 to power on (i.e., controls the running state of the battery 1, in this case, controls the power-on). The control of the running state of the battery 2 to the battery N through the system is the same.

[0047] As described above, since each drive motor is powered by a corresponding battery cluster, the split structure of the system, i.e., each master module (which has a slave module) corresponds to the structure of a drive motor, can achieve the effect of independent control of the battery cluster corresponding to the drive motor, and actually achieves the mutual isolation between the battery clusters, avoiding the problem of branch circulating current caused by the aggregation control of the battery clusters after clustering. Moreover, the system can request the VCU to lower the high voltage when a fault occurs in a certain battery cluster, without affecting the normal power supply of other battery clusters to the drive motor, so as to ensure the normal operation of the whole vehicle.

[0048] Embodiment of power supply system of electric vehicle

[0049] The embodiment provides a technical scheme of a power supply system of an electric vehicle. In the embodiment, the system comprises a battery subsystem and a battery management subsystem. The battery subsystem comprises different battery clusters for supplying power to different drive motors of the electric vehicle.

[0050] In the embodiment, the battery management system of the electric vehicle in the battery management system embodiment of the electric vehicle is used as the battery management subsystem in the embodiment, and in combination with the battery subsystem (which comprises different battery clusters for supplying power to different drive motors of the electric vehicle, and can avoid the circulating current problem in the power supply process), the power supply system of the electric vehicle in the embodiment can be realized.

[0051] Since the specific working mode and working principle of the battery management subsystem in the embodiment have been described in detail in the above-mentioned battery management system embodiment of the electric vehicle, they will not be described here again.

[0052] It should be understood that the above specific embodiments of the present application are only used for illustrative or explanatory purposes of the principles of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A battery management system for an electric motor vehicle, characterized by, The battery management subsystem comprises: each master control module corresponding to each battery cluster of the electric vehicle respectively, and each slave control module corresponding to each master control module respectively; each slave control module corresponding to each master control module corresponds to a single battery in the battery cluster corresponding to the master control module respectively; different battery clusters of the electric vehicle are respectively used to supply power to different drive motors of the electric vehicle; the slave control module is used to collect data of the corresponding single battery, and is also used to receive a control instruction issued by the master control module for controlling operation of the corresponding single battery; The master control module is used to receive battery data of the battery cluster sent by each slave control module corresponding thereto, and is also used to issue a control instruction to each slave control module corresponding to the master control module for controlling the battery cluster corresponding to the master control module to supply power to the corresponding drive motor.

2. The battery management system for an electrically powered vehicle of claim 1, wherein, The master control module is also used to upload the acquired battery data of the battery cluster to the vehicle control unit, and receive an instruction issued by the vehicle control unit.

3. The battery management system for an electrically powered vehicle of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The master control module is a BMS controller.

4. The battery management system for an electrically powered vehicle of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The battery management subsystem also comprises a battery thermal management unit for managing liquid heating and liquid cooling of each single battery in the battery cluster; the master control module is also used to communicate with the battery thermal management unit of the battery cluster corresponding thereto.

5. The battery management system for an electrically powered vehicle of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The master control module and the slave control module communicate through a CAN channel inside the whole vehicle.

6. A power supply system for an electric motor vehicle, characterized by comprising: The battery management subsystem comprises: The battery management subsystem comprises: each master control module corresponding to each battery cluster of the electric vehicle respectively, and each slave control module corresponding to each master control module respectively; each slave control module corresponding to each master control module corresponds to a single battery in the battery cluster corresponding to the master control module respectively; different battery clusters of the electric vehicle are respectively used to supply power to different drive motors of the electric vehicle; the slave control module is used to collect data of the corresponding single battery, and is also used to receive a control instruction issued by the master control module for controlling operation of the corresponding single battery; The master control module is used to receive battery data of the battery cluster sent by each slave control module corresponding thereto, and is also used to issue a control instruction to each slave control module corresponding to the master control module for controlling the battery cluster corresponding to the master control module to supply power to the corresponding drive motor. The master control module is also used to upload the acquired battery data of the battery cluster to the vehicle control unit, and receive an instruction issued by the vehicle control unit. The master control module is a BMS controller.

7. The power supply system for an electric motor vehicle according to claim 6, wherein The battery management subsystem also comprises a battery thermal management unit for managing liquid heating and liquid cooling of each single battery in the battery cluster; the master control module is also used to communicate with the battery thermal management unit of the battery cluster corresponding thereto.

8. The power supply system for an electric motor vehicle according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by The master control module and the slave control module communicate through a CAN channel inside the whole vehicle.

9. The power supply system for a motor vehicle according to claim 6 or 7, wherein ​ 10. The power supply system for an electric motor vehicle according to claim 6 or 7, wherein ​

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