Tunnel surrounding rock supporting structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel surrounding rock supporting structure, belongs to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock supporting, and solves the problems that in the prior art, a vertical steel arch frame and a tunnel are poor in adaptation degree, so that an overlarge gap is easily generated, and after concrete is sprayed at the gap, local stress concentration is easily caused to influence the stability of supporting. The device comprises primary spraying concrete, an anchor rod, a reinforcing mesh, a vertical steel arch frame and secondary spraying concrete which are sequentially arranged, wherein the vertical steel arch frame comprises an inner steel arch frame, an outer steel arch frame movably arranged on the inner steel arch frame, and a fixing structure which is arranged on the inner steel arch frame and is used for pressing the outer steel arch frame on the reinforcing mesh. The utility model is used for tunnel surrounding rock support.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The tunnel surrounding rock supporting structure is used for tunnel surrounding rock supporting and belongs to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock supporting. BACKGROUND

[0002] The surrounding rock supporting should follow the excavation face, and supporting should be carried out in time after the slagging to reduce the exposure time of the surrounding rock, inhibit the deformation of the surrounding rock and prevent the surrounding rock from relaxing and peeling in a short period. The distance between the initial supporting (i.e. the surrounding rock supporting) and the working face should not be greater than 0.5 m, and the surrounding rock must be close to the working face when it is broken to achieve the anchoring with the excavation. The existing conventional construction method is to first spray concrete, then to make anchor rods, hang steel mesh, erect steel arches and spray concrete to the designed thickness. The steel arches, steel mesh and anchor rods are processed by a steel field, the steel arches are installed by using an arch installation trolley during two-step excavation, are installed manually when the core soil is reserved, the concrete spraying is constructed by using a wet spraying machine, and the anchor rod drilling is performed by using a rock drilling trolley during two-step excavation and by using a YT28 when the core soil is reserved.

[0003] Since the steel arch is a key link in the surrounding rock supporting and is the core of the active bearing system, the quality is not qualified or the construction efficiency is low when the steel arch is made on site, therefore, the existing technology mostly uses steel to splice on site, although this method can effectively avoid the problems of quality unqualification and low construction efficiency, but still has the following technical problems:

[0004] The adaptation to the tunnel is poor, and thus large gaps are easily generated, and local stress concentration is easily caused after the concrete spraying at the gaps to affect the stability of the supporting. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0005] The utility model aims at providing a tunnel surrounding rock supporting structure, solving the problem that the adaptation of the existing steel arch to the tunnel is poor, and thus large gaps are easily generated, and local stress concentration is easily caused after the concrete spraying at the gaps to affect the stability of the supporting.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

[0007] A tunnel surrounding rock supporting structure, comprising initial sprayed concrete, anchor rods, steel mesh, a steel arch and re-sprayed concrete which are sequentially arranged, the steel arch comprises an inner steel arch, an outer steel arch movably arranged on the inner steel arch and a fixing structure arranged on the inner steel arch and pressing the outer steel arch on the steel mesh.

[0008] Further, the inner steel arch comprises two vertical arches and an arc-shaped arch movably connected with the two vertical arches.

[0009] The standing arch frame comprises a mounting plate A provided with mounting holes, two standing I-shaped steel connected with the mounting plate A and arranged in opposite directions with openings separated;

[0010] The arc-shaped arch frame comprises a mounting plate B provided with mounting holes, two arc-shaped I-shaped steel connected with the mounting plate B and arranged in opposite directions with openings separated;

[0011] The fixing structure is arranged on the two standing arch frames and the two arc-shaped arch frames and cooperates with the outer steel arch.

[0012] Further, the fixing structure comprises a plurality of fixing blocks A arranged between the two standing I-shaped steel and located at the inner side of the standing I-shaped steel, the fixing block A is provided with a threaded hole A, and the threaded hole A cooperates with a bolt A; and

[0013] a plurality of fixing blocks B arranged between the two arc-shaped I-shaped steel and located at the inner side of the arc-shaped I-shaped steel, the fixing block B is provided with a threaded hole B, and the threaded hole B cooperates with a bolt B.

[0014] Further, the outer steel arch comprises a standing T-shaped block arranged on the two standing I-shaped steel and an arc-shaped T-shaped block arranged on the two arc-shaped I-shaped steel.

[0015] Further, any bolt A cooperating with each standing T-shaped block and any bolt B cooperating with each arc-shaped T-shaped block is provided with a T-shaped rotating head;

[0016] The standing T-shaped block is provided with a column-shaped T-shaped groove A which rotates cooperates with the T-shaped rotating head on the bolt A;

[0017] The arc-shaped T-shaped block is provided with a column-shaped T-shaped groove B which rotates cooperates with the T-shaped rotating head on the bolt B.

[0018] Further, the fixing blocks A and the fixing blocks B are arranged at equal intervals on the corresponding standing I-shaped steel and the corresponding arc-shaped I-shaped steel.

[0019] Further, when the fixing blocks A and the fixing blocks B are odd, the T-shaped rotating head is arranged on the bolt A and the bolt B located at the middle part of the standing T-shaped block and the arc-shaped T-shaped block;

[0020] When the fixing blocks A and the fixing blocks B are even, the T-shaped rotating head is arranged on any bolt A and bolt B close to the middle part of the standing T-shaped block and the arc-shaped T-shaped block.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0022] The utility model discloses a vertical steel arch frame is set up the inner steel arch as the support foundation, and sets up the outer steel arch and fixed structure on the inner steel arch, when the excessive gap is produced between the inner steel arch and the steel bar net, the outer steel arch is pressed on the steel bar net through the fixed structure to reduce the gap, and the problem that the local stress concentration is caused after the concrete is shot and affects the stability of support can be effectively avoided.

[0023] The inner steel arch includes vertical arch frames and arc-shaped arch frames, and the vertical arch frames and the arc-shaped arch frames each include two vertical I-shaped steels and two arc-shaped I-shaped steels, which can provide effective support and facilitate cooperation with the outer steel arch.

[0024] The fixed structure adjusts the position of the outer steel arch on the inner steel arch through the bolt A arranged on the fixed block A and the bolt B arranged on the fixed block B, that is, adjusts the spacing between the outer steel arch and the steel bar net, which is beneficial to operation and can effectively ensure the stability of the outer steel arch.

[0025] The outer steel arch includes vertical T-shaped blocks arranged on the two vertical I-shaped steels and arc-shaped T-shaped blocks arranged on the two arc-shaped I-shaped steels, which can be limited by the inner steel arch to prevent sliding and facilitate adjustment of the fixed structure according to the spacing between each vertical T-shaped block and arc-shaped T-shaped block to push the vertical T-shaped block and arc-shaped T-shaped block into contact with the steel bar net or reduce the spacing between the vertical T-shaped block and arc-shaped T-shaped block and the steel bar net.

[0026] The utility model sets T-shaped rotating heads on any bolt A matched with each vertical T-shaped block and any bolt B matched with each arc-shaped T-shaped block, and sets column-shaped T-shaped grooves A and column-shaped T-shaped grooves B on the vertical T-shaped block and arc-shaped T-shaped block, which can lock the outer steel arch on the inner steel arch when the inner steel arch is spliced and installed, and facilitate pushing the outer steel arch out of the inner steel arch.

[0027] The fixed block A and the fixed block B are arranged at equal intervals on the corresponding vertical I-shaped steel and arc-shaped I-shaped steel, which can ensure that the outer steel arch can bear force evenly.

[0028] The utility model limits the setting position of the T-shaped rotating head, which can better lock or push each section of the outer steel arch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be considered as a limitation to the scope. Other related drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the premise of not paying creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the vertical steel arch in the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the vertical arch and the vertical T-shaped block cooperating with each other in the present application.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the fixed block A provided on the vertical arch in the present application.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the columnar T-shaped groove A provided on the vertical T-shaped block in the present application.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the arc-shaped arch and the arc-shaped T-shaped block cooperating with each other in the present application.

[0035] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic view of the fixed block B provided on the arc-shaped arch in the present application.

[0036] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic view of the columnar T-shaped groove B provided on the arc-shaped T-shaped block in the present application.

[0037] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic view of the T-shaped rotating head provided on the bolt A and the bolt B in the present application.

[0038] In the drawings: 1-vertical steel arch, 2-inner steel arch, 3-outer steel arch, 4-fixing structure, 5-vertical arch, 6-arc-shaped arch, 7-mounting plate A, 8-vertical I-shaped steel, 9-mounting plate B, 10-arc-shaped I-shaped steel, 11-fixed block A, 12-thread hole A, 13-bolt A, 14-fixed block B, 15-thread hole B, 16-bolt B, 17-vertical T-shaped block, 18-arc-shaped T-shaped block, 19-T-shaped rotating head, 20-columnar T-shaped groove A, 21-columnar T-shaped groove B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters refer to similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly placed when the product of the present application is used, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0042] In addition, if the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like appear, they are only used for differentiation in description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is relatively more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0044] In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the terms "provision", "installation", "connection", "connection" and the like appear, they should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] It should be noted that the features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] In order to solve the problem of poor adaptability of the vertical steel arch to the tunnel in the prior art, which easily causes a large gap, and after concrete injection at the gap, local stress concentration easily affects the stability of the support. Figures 1-8 As shown in FIG. 1, a tunnel surrounding rock support structure is provided, which comprises initial concrete, anchor rods, a steel mesh, a vertical steel arch and re-injected concrete arranged in sequence. The vertical steel arch 1 comprises an inner steel arch 2, an outer steel arch 3 movably arranged on the inner steel arch 2, and a fixing structure 4 arranged on the inner steel arch 2 to press the outer steel arch 3 against the steel mesh.

[0048] In practice, after the tunnel excavation face is excavated, the tunnel surrounding rock support is carried out, and the construction sequence is initial concrete, anchor rod, steel mesh, vertical steel arch and re-injected concrete to the designed thickness. When the vertical steel arch is constructed, the vertical steel arch 1 is erected as a whole, and if the spacing with the steel mesh is too large, the outer steel arch 3 is pressed to the side of the steel mesh by the fixing structure 4 at this time to make the outer steel arch 3 contact the steel mesh or reduce the spacing between the outer steel arch 3 and the steel mesh, so as to reduce the gap and effectively avoid the problem that after concrete injection, local stress concentration easily affects the stability of the support.

[0049] Embodiment 2

[0050] On the basis of embodiment 1, the inner steel arch 2 comprises two vertical arches 5 and an arc-shaped arch 6 movably connected with the two vertical arches 5; the vertical arch 5 comprises a mounting plate A 7 with a mounting hole, and two vertical I-shaped steel 8 connected with the mounting plate A 7 and arranged in opposite openings; the arc-shaped arch 6 comprises a mounting plate B 9 with a mounting hole, and two arc-shaped I-shaped steel 10 connected with the mounting plate B 9 and arranged in opposite openings; the fixing structure 4 is arranged on the two vertical arches 5 and the two arc-shaped arches 6 and cooperates with the outer steel arch 3. The two vertical I-shaped steel 8 and the two arc-shaped I-shaped steel 10 in the vertical arch 5 and the arc-shaped arch 6 are arranged in opposite openings, which is beneficial to form a limiting groove and facilitate the cooperation of the fixing structure and the outer steel arch 2. The inner steel arch in this embodiment comprises a vertical arch and an arc-shaped arch, and the vertical arch and the arc-shaped arch respectively comprise two vertical I-shaped steel and two arc-shaped I-shaped steel, which not only provides effective support, but also facilitates cooperation with the outer steel arch. The vertical arch and the arc-shaped arch and the arc-shaped arch are also convenient to be fixed and installed by cooperating with bolts and nuts through the mounting holes in the mounting plate A and the mounting plate B.

[0051] Embodiment 3

[0052] On the basis of embodiment 2, the fixing structure 4 comprises a plurality of fixing blocks A11 arranged between the two I-shaped steel 8 on the inner side of the I-shaped steel 8, the fixing block A11 is provided with a threaded hole A12, and the bolt A13 matched with the threaded hole A12; and a plurality of fixing blocks B14 arranged between the two arc-shaped steel 10 on the inner side of the arc-shaped steel 10, the fixing block B14 is provided with a threaded hole B15, and the bolt B16 matched with the threaded hole B15.

[0053] The outer steel arch 3 comprises an I-shaped T-shaped block 17 arranged on the two I-shaped steel 8, and an arc-shaped T-shaped block 18 arranged on the two arc-shaped steel 10.

[0054] In practice, after the whole I-shaped steel arch 1 is erected, if the distance between the I-shaped steel arch 1 and the steel mesh is too large, the threaded bolt A13 and the threaded bolt B16 are matched with the fixing block A11 and the fixing block B14 respectively, the threaded bolt A13 and the threaded bolt B16 are turned out from the I-shaped T-shaped block 17 and the arc-shaped T-shaped block 18, so as to push the I-shaped T-shaped block 17 and the arc-shaped T-shaped block 18 to move to the side of the steel mesh, so as to press the I-shaped T-shaped block 17 and the arc-shaped T-shaped block 18 to the steel mesh. In this embodiment, the fixing structure is adjusted by the threaded bolt A arranged on the fixing block A and the threaded bolt B arranged on the fixing block B, so as to adjust the position of the outer steel arch on the inner steel arch, that is, to adjust the distance between the outer steel arch and the steel mesh, which not only facilitates operation, but also effectively ensures the stability of the outer steel arch. The outer steel arch comprises an I-shaped T-shaped block arranged on the two I-shaped steel, and an arc-shaped T-shaped block arranged on the two arc-shaped steel, which not only can be limited by the inner steel arch to prevent it from falling, but also facilitates adjusting the fixing structure according to the distance between each I-shaped T-shaped block and arc-shaped T-shaped block to push the I-shaped T-shaped block and arc-shaped T-shaped block to contact with the steel mesh or reduce the distance between the I-shaped T-shaped block and arc-shaped T-shaped block and the steel mesh. Of course, in practice, the size of the I-shaped T-shaped block and the arc-shaped T-shaped block can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0055] Embodiment 4

[0056] On the basis of embodiment 3, the T-shaped rotating head 19 is arranged on any one of the threaded bolt A13 matched with each I-shaped T-shaped block 17 and the threaded bolt B16 matched with each arc-shaped T-shaped block 18; the column-shaped T-shaped groove A20 is arranged on the I-shaped T-shaped block 17 and matched with the T-shaped rotating head 19 on the threaded bolt A13; and the column-shaped T-shaped groove B21 is arranged on the arc-shaped T-shaped block 18 and matched with the T-shaped rotating head 19 on the threaded bolt B16.

[0057] In practice, when erecting the steel arch, the outer steel arch is prevented from extending outward from the inner steel arch. At this time, when the bolt A13 without the T-shaped rotating head 19 does not act on the vertical T-shaped block, the bolt A13 with the T-shaped rotating head 19 cooperates with the fixed block A, the T-shaped rotating head 19 on the bolt A13 cooperates with the columnar T-shaped groove A20 to drive the vertical T-shaped block to be accommodated in the vertical arch 5 as much as possible, when the bolt B16 without the T-shaped rotating head 19 does not act on the arc-shaped T-shaped block, the bolt B16 with the T-shaped rotating head 19 cooperates with the fixed block B, the T-shaped rotating head 19 on the bolt B16 cooperates with the columnar T-shaped groove B21 to drive the arc-shaped T-shaped block to be accommodated in the vertical arch 5 as much as possible, so as to achieve the purpose of locking each section of the outer steel arch when erecting the vertical steel arch. Conversely, the locking of each section of the outer steel arch needs to be unlocked, and after the corresponding section is moved, the corresponding bolt A13 or bolt B16 without the T-shaped rotating head 19 is adjusted to apply a pushing force or a limiting force to the vertical T-shaped block 17 and the arc-shaped T-shaped block 18, so as to press them to the side of the reinforcement mesh.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] On the basis of example 4, the fixed block A11 and the fixed block B14 are arranged at equal intervals on the corresponding vertical I-beam 8 and the arc-shaped I-beam 10, so as to ensure that the outer steel arch can bear force uniformly.

[0060] Example 6

[0061] On the basis of example 5, when the fixed block A11 and the fixed block B14 are odd, the T-shaped rotating head 19 is arranged on the middle bolt A13 and the middle bolt B16 of the vertical T-shaped block 17 and the arc-shaped T-shaped block 18; when the fixed block A11 and the fixed block B14 are even, the T-shaped rotating head 19 is arranged on any bolt A13 and bolt B16 close to the middle of the vertical T-shaped block 17 and the arc-shaped T-shaped block 18, so as to limit the arrangement position of the T-shaped rotating head, so as to ensure that each section of the outer steel arch can be better locked or pushed.

Claims

1. A tunnel surrounding rock support structure, comprising, in sequence, shotcrete, anchor bolts, steel mesh, vertical steel arch frame, and shotcrete, characterized in that: The vertical steel arch frame (1) includes an inner steel arch frame (2), an outer steel arch frame (3) movably mounted on the inner steel arch frame (2), and a fixing structure (4) mounted on the inner steel arch frame (2) to press the outer steel arch frame (3) onto the reinforcing mesh.

2. The tunnel surrounding rock support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner steel arch frame (2) includes two vertical arch frames (5) and an arc-shaped arch frame (6) that is movably connected to the two vertical arch frames (5); The vertical arch frame (5) includes a mounting plate A (7) with mounting holes, and two vertical I-beams (8) connected to the mounting plate A (7) and with their openings relatively separated. The arc-shaped arch frame (6) includes a mounting plate B (9) with mounting holes, and two arc-shaped I-beams (10) connected to the mounting plate B (9) and with their openings relatively separated. The fixed structure (4) is set on two vertical arch frames (5) and two arc arch frames (6) to cooperate with the outer steel arch frame (3).

3. The tunnel surrounding rock support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing structure (4) includes multiple fixing blocks A (11) located inside the vertical I-beams (8) and disposed between the two vertical I-beams (8). Each fixing block A (11) has a threaded hole A (12) and a bolt A (13) that mates with the threaded hole A (12). Located on the inner side of the arc-shaped I-beam (10), a plurality of fixing blocks B (14) are provided between the two arc-shaped I-beams (10). The fixing blocks B (14) are provided with threaded holes B (15) and bolts B (16) that cooperate with the threaded holes B (15).

4. The tunnel surrounding rock support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer steel arch frame (3) includes vertical T-shaped blocks (17) set on two vertical I-beams (8) and arc-shaped T-shaped blocks (18) set on two arc-shaped I-beams (10).

5. A tunnel surrounding rock support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A T-shaped rotating head (19) is provided on any bolt A (13) that mates with each vertical T-block (17) and any bolt B (16) that mates with each arc-shaped T-block (18); The vertical T-block (17) is provided with a columnar T-slot A (20) that rotates in conjunction with the T-shaped rotating head (19) on the bolt A (13); The arc-shaped T-block (18) is provided with a columnar T-slot B (21) that rotates in conjunction with the T-shaped rotating head (19) on the bolt B (16).

6. A tunnel surrounding rock support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing blocks A (11) and B (14) are equally spaced on the corresponding vertical I-beams (8) and curved I-beams (10).

7. A tunnel surrounding rock support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the number of fixed blocks A (11) and fixed blocks B (14) is odd, T-shaped rotating heads (19) are provided on bolts A (13) and bolts B (16) located in the middle of the vertical T-shaped block (17) and the arc-shaped T-shaped block (18); When the number of fixed blocks A (11) and fixed blocks B (14) is even, a T-shaped rotating head (19) is provided on any bolt A (13) and bolt B (16) near the middle of the vertical T-shaped block (17) and the arc-shaped T-shaped block (18).

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