Integrated solar electrochromic device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of electrochromic devices, in particular to an integrated solar electrochromic device which comprises a solar cell unit, a solar cell protection layer, an electrolyte layer, an electrochromic layer and a first substrate layer which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top. Under the condition of no light, the whole device is in a transparent state; under the illumination condition, the solar cell unit can generate voltage, ions in the electrolyte layer enter the electrochromic layer to be oxidized, the whole solar electrochromic device is converted into a blue opaque state from a transparent state, electric energy output and regulation and control on visible light and near-infrared wave bands can be achieved, and the solar electrochromic device is suitable for being used in the field of solar energy. And therefore, the electrochromic device can meet the requirements of multi-scene application under the condition of zero energy consumption. Moreover, the integrated solar electrochromic device can be used as an intelligent display device for solar energy conversion, and can be widely applied to the fields of buildings, automobiles and aerospace so as to realize the functions of energy conservation, comfort, privacy protection and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to electrochromic device technical field especially relates to an integrated solar electrochromic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Electrochromic materials and devices have been widely used in the fields of smart windows, electronic books, energy-saving displays and infrared camouflage due to their ability to display colors under a small driving voltage.

[0003] The existing electrochromic devices generally need to work by applying an external voltage, which limits the application of electrochromic devices and cannot meet the needs of multiple scene use.

[0004] Therefore, the prior art still needs to be improved and developed. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the utility model aims at providing an integrated solar electrochromic device to solve the problem that the existing electrochromic device needs to be externally connected to apply a voltage to work.

[0006] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] An integrated solar electrochromic device comprises, from bottom to top, a solar cell unit, a solar cell protection layer, an electrolyte layer, an electrochromic layer and a first substrate layer which are sequentially stacked.

[0008] The integrated solar electrochromic device, wherein the solar cell unit comprises, from bottom to top, a second substrate layer, an electron transport layer, a photosensitive layer, a hole transport layer and a transparent conductive layer which are sequentially stacked; the solar cell protection layer is arranged on the side of the transparent conductive layer away from the hole transport layer.

[0009] The integrated solar electrochromic device, wherein the electron transport layer comprises a dense layer in contact with the second substrate, and a mesoporous layer arranged between the dense layer and the photosensitive layer.

[0010] The integrated solar electrochromic device, wherein the thickness of the dense layer is 100-500 nm; the thickness of the mesoporous layer is 100-500 nm.

[0011] The integrated solar electrochromic device, wherein the thickness of the photosensitive layer is 100-1000 nm; and / or the thickness of the hole transport layer is 100-1000 nm; and / or the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is 100-1000 nm.

[0012] The integrated solar electrochromic device, wherein the thickness of the first substrate layer is 1.1mm-2mm; and / or the thickness of the second substrate layer is 1.1mm-2mm.

[0013] The integrated solar electrochromic device, wherein the thickness of the solar cell protection layer is 200um-1cm.

[0014] The integrated solar electrochromic device, wherein the thickness of the electrolyte layer is 200um-2cm.

[0015] The integrated solar electrochromic device, wherein the thickness of the electrochromic layer is 20nm-500um.

[0016] The integrated solar electrochromic device, wherein the integrated solar electrochromic device further comprises a conductive substrate, a first lead wire and a second lead wire arranged on the conductive substrate, and a third lead wire connected with the transparent conductive layer and a fourth lead wire connected with the electrolyte layer; the first lead wire is connected with the second substrate layer, and the second lead wire is connected with the first substrate layer.

[0017] Beneficial effects: the utility model provides a kind of integrated solar electrochromic device, including solar cell unit, solar cell protection layer, electrolyte layer, electrochromic layer, first substrate layer from bottom to top are sequentially stacked and arranged.The integrated solar electrochromic device provided by the utility model is transparent under no light condition;Under light condition, solar cell unit will generate voltage, so that ion in electrolyte layer enters electrochromic layer and is oxidized, and the entire solar electrochromic device changes from transparent state to blue opaque state, can realize electric energy output and regulation to visible light and near infrared band, and then electrochromic device can meet the demand of multi-scene application under zero energy consumption condition.Moreover, the integrated solar electrochromic device can be used as a kind of solar conversion intelligent display device, and can be widely applied to building, automobile and aerospace field, to realize energy saving, comfort and privacy protection and other functions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the utility model one kind integrated solar electrochromic device;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a working principle schematic view of the utility model one kind integrated solar electrochromic device;

[0020] Figure 3 It is working circuit schematic view of the utility model one kind integrated solar electrochromic device;

[0021] Explanation of reference signs: solar cell unit 10, second substrate layer 11, electron transport layer 12, dense layer 121, mesoporous layer 122, photosensitive layer 13, hole transport layer 14, transparent conductive layer 15, solar cell protection layer 20, electrolyte layer 30, electrochromic layer 40, first substrate layer 50, conductive substrate 60, first conductive wire 61, second conductive wire 62, third conductive wire 63, fourth conductive wire 64. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The utility model provides a kind of integrated solar electrochromic device, to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the utility model more clear, definite, the following is further detailed to the utility model of the utility model.It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to explain the utility model and not to limit the utility model.

[0023] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0024] Those skilled in the art can understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the utility model belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with those in the prior art, and unless specifically defined as herein, should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.

[0025] It has been found through research that a single electrochromic device needs to be powered by an external power source, which may hinder its practical application. In existing electrochromic technology, multifunctional devices that can self-power can be achieved through side-by-side or series structure design. However, due to the lack of suitable assembly strategies or photosensitive layers, integrated solar electrochromic devices are currently relatively lacking. Therefore, how to combine solar cells with electrochromic devices through integrated structure design to achieve an electrochromic device that does not require additional power supply and meet the needs of electrochromic devices in multiple scenarios has become a problem that needs to be solved in the field.

[0026] Based on this, as Figure 1 The utility model provides a kind of integrated solar electrochromic device, including solar cell unit 10, solar cell protective layer 20, electrolyte layer 30, electrochromic layer 40, first substrate layer 50 from bottom to top are sequentially stacked.

[0027] In the embodiment, the integrated solar electrochromic device is in a transparent state under no light conditions; under light conditions, the solar cell unit generates a voltage, causing the ions in the electrolyte layer to enter the electrochromic layer and be oxidized, and the entire solar electrochromic device changes from a transparent state to a blue opaque state. This can achieve electrical energy output and control of visible light and near-infrared wavelengths, and thus the electrochromic device can meet the needs of multiple scene applications under zero energy consumption conditions. Furthermore, the integrated solar electrochromic device can be used as an intelligent display device for solar energy conversion and can be widely used in the fields of architecture, automobiles, and aerospace to achieve energy saving, comfort, and privacy protection.

[0028] In some embodiments, the solar cell unit 10 includes a second substrate layer 11, an electron transport layer 12, a photosensitive layer 13, a hole transport layer 14, and a transparent conductive layer 15, which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top. The solar cell protective layer 20 is disposed on the side of the transparent conductive layer 15 away from the hole transport layer 14. The second substrate layer 11, the electron transport layer 12, the photosensitive layer 13, the hole transport layer 14, and the transparent conductive layer 15 form a transparent solar cell. The photosensitive layer 13 generates a voltage when the second substrate layer 11 is irradiated by sunlight, and the electrochromic layer 40 controls visible light and near-infrared wavelengths when the second substrate layer 11 is irradiated by sunlight.

[0029] Specifically, its principle is as follows Figure 2As shown, the first substrate layer 50 and the electrochromic layer 40 constitute an electrochromic electrode, and the photosensitive layer 13 is a compound capable of selectively absorbing ultraviolet light; the first substrate layer 50 and the second substrate layer 11 are respectively located at both ends of the device, and in the initial state, i.e., when the second substrate layer 11 is not irradiated by sunlight, the entire device is in a transparent state; when the second substrate layer 11 is irradiated by sunlight, the photosensitive layer 13 generates electron-hole pairs, which are directionally separated under the action of the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer, so that a voltage can be generated, and at the same time, the ions in the electrolyte layer enter the electrochromic layer, the ions in the electrochromic layer are oxidized, and the entire device changes from a transparent state to a blue opaque state, i.e., a dark state, so that the device can output electric energy and regulate visible light and near-infrared waves, realizing zero-energy-consumption operation of the electrochromic device and meeting the needs of application in multiple scenarios. In addition, the integrated solar electrochromic device has a simple structure and simple processing technology, which can reduce the cost of production equipment and process, and is suitable for large-scale production.

[0030] In some embodiments, the electron transport layer 12 includes a dense layer 121 in contact with the second substrate 11, and a mesoporous layer 122 disposed between the dense layer 121 and the photosensitive layer 13. The main function of the electron transport layer is to promote the injection and transport of electrons, while blocking the migration of holes.

[0031] Specifically, the dense layer 121 and the mesoporous layer 122 are connected in series, the dense layer 121 blocks holes and prevents short circuits, and the mesoporous layer 122 has a permeable pore structure, i.e., a microporous structure, which can provide a larger contact area and a continuous electron transport path, thereby facilitating the optimization of electron transport, reducing charge recombination, and improving device efficiency and stability.

[0032] In some embodiments, the material of the dense layer includes, but is not limited to, one or more of titanium dioxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, fullerene and its derivatives, or niobium oxide; and the material of the mesoporous layer includes, but is not limited to, one or more of titanium dioxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, fullerene and its derivatives, or niobium oxide.

[0033] In some embodiments, the thickness of the dense layer is 100-500 nm, and the thickness of the mesoporous layer is 100-500 nm. Controlling the thickness of the dense layer and the mesoporous layer within the above range can effectively promote the injection and transport of electrons, while blocking the migration of holes.

[0034] In some embodiments, the thickness of the photosensitive layer is 100-1000 nm.

[0035] In some embodiments, the material of the photoactive layer includes, but is not limited to, inorganic semiconductor material, organic semiconductor material, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite material, or all-inorganic perovskite material, which has the characteristics of wide band gap, can selectively absorb near-ultraviolet wavelength light, and allow visible light and near-infrared wavelength light to pass through without affecting the operation of the electrochromic layer.

[0036] Specifically, the inorganic semiconductor material includes, but is not limited to, monocrystalline silicon, gallium arsenide, cadmium telluride, etc.; the organic semiconductor material includes, but is not limited to, poly(3-hexylthiophene), benzodithiophene derivatives, etc.; the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite material includes, but is not limited to, methylamine lead iodide, formamidinium lead iodide, methylamine lead chloride, etc.; the all-inorganic perovskite material includes, but is not limited to, cesium lead iodide, cesium lead bromide, etc. The thickness of the photoactive layer is 100-1000 nanometers, and its main function is to absorb photons and convert them into electrical energy or electrical signals.

[0037] In some embodiments, the thickness of the hole transport layer is 100-1000 nanometers.

[0038] In some embodiments, the material of the hole transport layer includes, but is not limited to, one or more of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate, 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis[N,N-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9'-spirobifluorene, N,N'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N'-diphenylbenzidine, N,N'-dinaphthyl-N,N'-diphenylbenzidine, polyethylenecarbazole, nickel oxide, or molybdenum oxide. The thickness of the hole transport layer is 100-1000 nanometers, and its main function is to promote the injection and transport of holes while blocking the migration of electrons.

[0039] In some embodiments, the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is 100-1000 nanometers.

[0040] In some embodiments, the transparent conductive layer is, but is not limited to, an indium tin oxide conductive layer, a fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer, an aluminum-doped zinc oxide conductive layer, a silver nanowire conductive layer, a graphene conductive layer, or a carbon nanotube conductive layer. The transparent conductive layer with the above-mentioned material and thickness can allow light to pass through while transmitting current.

[0041] Specifically, the transparent conductive layer is a transparent film of any one of an indium tin oxide, a fluorine-doped tin oxide, an aluminum-doped zinc oxide, a silver nanowire, graphene, or a carbon nanotube conductive layer; in specific implementation, one or two of the following processing methods can be used to prepare the transparent conductive material into a transparent conductive film: magnetron sputtering, screen printing, spin coating, coating, spraying, inkjet printing, etc.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first substrate layer has a thickness of 1.1 mm to 2 mm; and / or, the second substrate layer has a thickness of 1.1 mm to 2 mm.

[0043] Specifically, the first substrate layer can have a thickness of 1.1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, but is not limited thereto; the second substrate layer can have a thickness of 1.1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, but is not limited thereto. The first substrate layer and the second substrate layer can be, but are not limited to, glass, polycarbonate, polydimethylsiloxane, transparent ceramic, organic glass, etc. The first substrate layer and the second substrate layer can be thin, so that the size of the entire electrochromic device after being made is small, and the overall volume is small. The size of the device can be, but is not limited to, 2 cm x 2 cm.

[0044] In some embodiments, the solar cell protective layer has a thickness of 200 μm to 1 cm.

[0045] In some embodiments, the material of the solar cell protective layer includes, but is not limited to, one or more of epoxy resin, polydimethylsiloxane, polyvinyl butyral, and thermoplastic polyurethane. The solar cell protective layer with the above thickness and material can prevent the erosion of the external environment on the internal materials of the cell.

[0046] In some embodiments, the electrolyte layer has a thickness of 200 μm to 2 cm.

[0047] In some embodiments, the material of the electrolyte layer includes, but is not limited to, a liquid or gel electrolyte composed of cellulose, a polyhydric alcohol solvent, and a salt solution. The electrolyte mainly provides an ion transmission channel and supports the redox reaction of the electrochromic material.

[0048] In some embodiments, the electrochromic layer has a thickness of 20 nm to 500 μm.

[0049] In some embodiments, the material of the electrochromic layer is, but is not limited to, inorganic metal oxide, organic electrochromic material, etc.; the inorganic metal oxide includes, but is not limited to, one or more of tungsten oxide, vanadium oxide, and nickel oxide; the organic electrochromic material includes, but is not limited to, one or more of polyaniline, viologen compounds, and polypyrrole; the electrochromic layer can realize reversible changes in optical properties through redox reactions.

[0050] Specifically, the electrochromic layer is made of a transition metal oxide or organic polymer capable of undergoing a redox reaction. When ions are inserted into the lattice of the transition metal oxide, the metal cations undergo a reduction reaction, producing a coloring effect. When ions are extracted from the lattice of the transition metal oxide, the metal cations undergo an oxidation reaction, producing a fading effect. Therefore, when the second substrate layer is irradiated by sunlight, ions in the electrolyte layer enter the electrochromic layer, and the metal cations in the electrochromic layer are oxidized. The electrochromic device changes from transparent to a blue opaque state, i.e., exhibits a dark state. This allows the electrochromic layer to control visible and near-infrared wavelengths without external energy input, enabling this simple composite structure to achieve dual-band electrochromic characteristics with zero energy consumption.

[0051] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the integrated solar electrochromic device further includes a conductive substrate 60, a first wire 61 and a second wire 62 disposed on the conductive substrate 60, a third wire 63 connected to the transparent conductive layer 15, and a fourth wire 64 connected to the electrolyte layer 30; the first wire 61 is connected to the second substrate layer 11, and the second wire 62 is connected to the first substrate layer 50. After connecting the conductive substrate, the first wire, the second wire, the third wire, and the fourth wire, the integrated solar electrochromic device forms a complete current operating circuit, enabling it to operate normally.

[0052] Specifically, when the electrochromic device needs to work, the first wire of the electrochromic device can be connected to the second wire, and the third wire of the electrochromic device can be connected to the fourth wire, so that the solar cell unit can provide voltage to the electrochromic layer.

[0053] In some embodiments, the conductive substrate is selected from, but not limited to, indium tin oxide conductive layers, fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layers, aluminum-doped zinc oxide conductive layers, silver nanowire conductive layers, graphene conductive layers, or carbon nanotube conductive layers. The materials of the first, second, third, and fourth conductive wires can be selected from, but are not limited to, conductive metals such as copper and aluminum.

[0054] In addition, a method for fabricating an integrated solar electrochromic device is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0055] Step S10: Construct an electron transport layer on a transparent conductive glass substrate using any of the following methods: electrochemical deposition, chemical bath deposition, spin coating, spray pyrolysis, atomic layer deposition, etc. The electron transport layer includes one or more of the following: tin dioxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, niobium pentoxide, and cadmium sulfide.

[0056] For example, a transparent glass coated with a fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive layer with a sheet resistance of 7-10 Ω / sq is selected, and a dense titanium dioxide precursor solution is added dropwise for spin coating experiments. The spin coating is performed at a speed of 2500 rpm for 30 s. After spin coating, the film is dried at 125°C. A mesoporous titanium dioxide precursor solution is added dropwise on the dried glass sheet for spin coating experiments. The spin coating is performed at a speed of 4000 rpm for 30 s. After spin coating, the film is dried at 125°C. Then, the dense titanium dioxide film and the mesoporous titanium dioxide film are obtained by annealing at 500°C for 30 min, thereby obtaining the electron transport layer.

[0057] Step S20: The photosensitive material is prepared into a transparent film by one or two of the processing methods of electrochemical deposition, chemical bath deposition, spin coating, flash evaporation, thermal evaporation technology, atomic layer deposition, etc., and is attached to the electron transport layer. The material of the photosensitive layer includes one or more of methylamine lead chloride, methylamine lead bromide, methylamine tin bromide, cesium silver bismuth bromide, cesium diantimony bromide, and a mixture of methylamine lead chloride iodine perovskite.

[0058] For example, methylamine lead chloride is prepared into a transparent photosensitive layer by the processing method of spin coating, spin coating is performed at a speed of 4000 rpm for 35 s, and ethyl acetate is added dropwise as an anti-solvent during spin coating to improve the quality of film formation. After spin coating, the film is annealed at 100°C for 10 min to obtain the photosensitive layer.

[0059] Step S30: A hole transport layer is constructed on the photosensitive layer using any one of the methods of electrochemical deposition, chemical bath deposition, spin coating, spray pyrolysis, atomic layer deposition, etc., wherein the material of the hole transport layer includes one or more of 2,2',7,7'-tetra(N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene, polystyrene sulfonate, poly-3-hexylthiophene, polytriphenylamine, and nickel oxide, etc.

[0060] For example, 2,2',7,7'-tetra(N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) is prepared into a hole transport layer by the processing method of spin coating, spin coating is performed at a speed of 4000 rpm for 20 s, and a hole transport layer is obtained.

[0061] Step S40: A transparent conductive layer is prepared from a transparent conductive material by one or two of the processing methods of magnetron sputtering, screen printing, spin coating, coating, spraying, inkjet printing, etc., and is attached to the hole transport layer. The material of the transparent conductive layer includes one or more of indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, and silver nanowires, graphene, carbon nanotubes.

[0062] For example, the transparent conductive layer is prepared by magnetron sputtering of indium tin oxide and is attached to the hole transport layer. In one embodiment, the sputtering atmosphere is argon, the flow rate is 30 sccm, the power is 50 W, and the sputtering time is 4500 s.

[0063] Step S50: The water-oxygen barrier material is prepared by one or two of the following processes, such as magnetron sputtering, screen printing, spin coating, coating, spraying, inkjet printing, and is attached to the transparent conductive layer. The material of the solar cell protective layer includes one or more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyolefin elastomer, polyvinyl butyral, and epoxy resin.

[0064] For example, the solar cell protective layer is prepared by coating of epoxy resin and is attached to the transparent conductive layer. The epoxy resin is dropped on the transparent conductive layer, leveled with a doctor blade, and cured under a UV curing lamp for 1 min to obtain the solar cell protective layer.

[0065] Step S60: The electrochromic porous film is prepared by any one of sol-gel, spray drying, and solvent thermal methods. The material of the electrochromic layer includes one or more of tungsten oxide, titanium oxide, and poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene. The electrochromic material dispersion is deposited on the surface of the first substrate, and the deposition method can be any one of spraying, doctor blading, sputtering, evaporation, electrochemical deposition, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film technology, etc.

[0066] For example, the cathode electrochromic material dispersion is coated on the first substrate to obtain the electrochromic layer. The coating can be Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film technology, i.e., the electrochromic material is orderly distributed on the surface of the first substrate by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film technology to form an electrochromic film. The first substrate is heated and dried during the film drawing process at a temperature of 40-120°C to obtain a high-stability electrochromic film.

[0067] The preparation method of the electrochromic material dispersion is as follows:

[0068] The W 18 O 49 nanowires are synthesized by a solvothermal method. 0.06 g of WCl6 is added to 80 mL of ethanol to form a uniform solution under vigorous stirring, then the solution is transferred to a 100 mL Teflon-lined stainless steel reactor and heated to 180°C and kept for 24 h. After the reaction is completed, the product is centrifuged and then dispersed in ethanol for further application, and the concentration is 1.5 mg / mL.

[0069] Step S70: the acid is slowly added to the stirring solvent, and then the polymer skeleton is added to the mixture and stirred at a certain temperature for a period of time. The obtained mixture is left to stand and deaerated. The mixture is taken and added to the crosslinking agent, and then poured into a culture dish to solidify for a period of time to obtain a flexible transparent electrolyte film. The electrolyte layer is laminated with the electrochromic layer. The material of the electrolyte layer includes the acid, the solvent, the crosslinking agent and the polymer skeleton.

[0070] The acid includes any one of phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, etc. The solvent is any one of deionized water, propylene carbonate, ethanol, etc. The polymer skeleton is any one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene, polypropylene, polysiloxane, etc. The crosslinking agent is any one of glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, bismaleimide hexane, dicyclohexyl carbodiimide, etc.

[0071] In an embodiment, phosphoric acid is slowly added to stirring water, and then polyvinyl alcohol is added to the mixture and stirred at a certain temperature for a period of time. The volume ratio of the water to the phosphoric acid is 15:2, the stirring speed is 400 r / min, and the temperature is 85℃. The stirring time is 30 min. Then the mixture is taken out and left to stand at room temperature for deaeration. Finally, the deaerated mixture is added to glutaraldehyde and stirred, and then poured into a culture dish to solidify for a period of time to obtain a flexible transparent gel electrolyte film, wherein the solidification time is 10 min.

[0072] Step S80: the second substrate, the electron transport layer of step S10, the photosensitive layer of step S20, the hole transport layer of step S30, the transparent conductive layer of step S40, the solar cell protective layer of step S50, the electrolyte layer of step S60, and the electrochromic layer of step S70 are sequentially constructed with the first substrate layer by means of multi-layer assembly to obtain an integrated solar electrochromic device.

[0073] In the present embodiment, the integrated solar electrochromic device has the following beneficial effects:

[0074] 1) The device adopts a multi-layer series multi-stage structure, and by selecting to integrate the solar cell and the electrochromic device as two functional devices, the device can actively modulate sunlight when exposed to external light, thereby realizing that the prepared electrochromic device is not limited by external power supply. In addition, the transparent solar cell can output energy to the outside, thereby widening the application range of the electrochromic device.

[0075] 2) The device adopts a multilayer series multistage structure, high transmission of the prepared solar cell to the visible light band and near infrared band is realized by selecting a near ultraviolet light sensitive photosensitive layer material, the work of the postposed electrochromic layer is not affected, the electrochromic layer is used to regulate and control the visible light band and near infrared band, and the regulation and control range of the electrochromic device on the solar spectrum is widened.

[0076] 3) The electron transport layer adopts a double-layer design of a dense layer combined with a mesoporous layer, the dense layer mainly plays a role of blocking holes and preventing short circuit, and the mesoporous layer provides a larger contact area and a continuous electron transport path, so that the electron transport is optimized, charge recombination is reduced, and the device efficiency and stability are improved.

[0077] 4) The structure of the integrated solar electrochromic device is simple, the processing technology is simple, the production equipment and process cost can be reduced, and the device is suitable for large-scale production.

[0078] In summary, the integrated solar electrochromic device provided by the utility model, including solar cell unit, solar cell protection layer, electrolyte layer, electrochromic layer, first substrate layer which are arranged from bottom to top in turn. The integrated solar electrochromic device provided by the utility model is in transparent state under no light condition, under light condition, the solar cell unit generates voltage, the ions in the electrolyte layer enter the electrochromic layer and are oxidized, the entire solar electrochromic device changes from transparent state to blue opaque state, the power output and the regulation and control of visible light and near infrared band can be realized, and then the electrochromic device can meet the demand of multi-scene application under zero energy consumption. And, the integrated solar electrochromic device can be used as an intelligent display device for solar energy conversion, and can be widely applied in the fields of building, automobile and aerospace to realize energy saving, comfort and privacy protection and other functions.

[0079] It should be understood that the application of the utility model is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art can improve or change according to the above description, and all these improvements and changes should belong to the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. An integrated solar electrochromic device, characterized in that, The integrated solar electrochromic device comprises, from bottom to top, a solar cell unit, a solar cell protective layer, an electrolyte layer, an electrochromic layer, and a first substrate layer, which are sequentially stacked; The solar cell unit comprises, from bottom to top, a second substrate layer, an electron transport layer, a photosensitive layer, a hole transport layer, and a transparent conductive layer, which are sequentially stacked; the solar cell protective layer is arranged on a side of the transparent conductive layer away from the hole transport layer; the electron transport layer comprises a dense layer in contact with the second substrate, and a mesoporous layer arranged between the dense layer and the photosensitive layer; The integrated solar electrochromic device further comprises a conductive substrate, a first lead and a second lead arranged on the conductive substrate, and a third lead connected to the transparent conductive layer and a fourth lead connected to the electrolyte layer; The first lead is connected to the second substrate layer, and the second lead is connected to the first substrate layer.

2. The integrated solar electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the dense layer is 100 nm-500 nm; and the thickness of the mesoporous layer is 100 nm-500 nm.

3. The integrated solar electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the photosensitive layer is 100 nm-1000 nm; and / or, the thickness of the hole transport layer is 100 nm-1000 nm; and / or, the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is 100 nm-1000 nm.

4. The integrated solar electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the first substrate layer is 1.1 mm-2 mm; and / or, the thickness of the second substrate layer is 1.1 mm-2 mm.

5. The integrated solar electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the solar cell protective layer is 200 μm-1 cm.

6. The integrated solar electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the electrolyte layer is 200 μm-2 cm.

7. The integrated solar electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the electrochromic layer is 20 nm-500 μm.

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