Self-repairing shell, battery and vehicle

By introducing a phase change alloy layer into the lithium-ion cell casing, and utilizing its temperature conversion characteristics to buffer the cell expansion force, the problem of performance degradation and structural damage caused by expansion force during the charging and discharging process of lithium-ion cells is solved, achieving self-repair function and optimizing the design space of the cell module and battery life.

CN223911722UActive Publication Date: 2026-02-13EVE POWER CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202423240859.8
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-12-26
Publication Date
2026-02-13
Estimated Expiration
2034-12-26

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing lithium-ion cells suffer from performance degradation and structural damage due to expansion forces during charging and discharging. Traditional physical constraints and reserved gap designs are cumbersome and not optimized enough.

Method used

The self-healing shell design utilizes the phase change alloy layer to switch between solid and liquid states when the cell temperature changes, which buffers the cell expansion and achieves self-healing. By setting a space on the shell body to fill the phase change alloy layer, its thermal properties are used to cool and buffer the cell.

Benefits of technology

It effectively alleviates cell expansion force, reduces restrictions on cell module space design, increases cell module design margin, extends battery life, and improves safety performance.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The utility model provides a self-repairing shell, battery and vehicle, the self-repairing shell comprises a shell body and a phase change alloy layer, the shell body is internally provided with an accommodating cavity for accommodating a battery cell, the shell body comprises a plurality of side walls which surround the accommodating cavity and are connected in sequence, and at least one side wall is provided with an accommodating space; the containing space is filled with the phase change alloy layer, and the melting point of the phase change alloy layer is lower than 50 DEG C; the thermal property of the phase-change alloy layer is utilized to cool the battery cell, and in the charging process, the phase-change alloy layer is converted from a solid state to a liquid state, so that heat transfer is realized, and expansion generated by the battery cell is buffered; in the small-rate discharge process, the phase change alloy layer is recovered from the liquid state to the solid state, and the shape of the shell body is recovered to achieve self-repairing; the stress release of the contact surface of the battery cell and the shell body is facilitated, the expansion of the battery cell is reduced, and the technical problem that the design process of influencing the space design allowance of the battery cell module and the reserved gap to resist the expansion force of the battery cell is relatively tedious is solved.
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Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to lithium battery technical field, concretely relates to a self -repairing shell, battery and vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lithium ion cell expansion force mainly comes from the negative electrode lithium intercalation process; in the charge and discharge cycle, lithium ion intercalation (extraction) layer material causes the thickness of the pole piece reversible change, another irreversible expansion is the gas produced when forming SEI film in the formation process. The emergence of expansion force constitutes a potential threat to the cell and the battery module, for the cell, the increase of internal pressure will lead to performance and life attenuation; for the battery module, it may cause size deviation or structural damage.

[0003] In general lithium ion cell, the following two ways are used to deal with cell expansion force:

[0004] (1) Physical limit: that is, through optimizing the welding of module frame, end plate fastener and using adhesive and other ways to resist expansion force, but limiting the cell through the module frame will reduce the design allowance of cell module space;

[0005] (2) Reserving expansion gap: but the relationship between gap and pre-tightening force needs to be balanced in design, and the design process is relatively complicated. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0006] The embodiment of the utility model provides a kind of self-repairing shell, battery and vehicle, can improve the technical problem that the design allowance of cell module space is influenced by resisting cell expansion force through physical limit and the design process is relatively complicated by reserving gap to resist cell expansion force.

[0007] Firstly, the embodiment of the utility model provides a kind of self-repairing shell, comprising:

[0008] Shell body, the shell body is equipped with the accommodation cavity for accommodating cell in it, and the shell body includes multiple side walls connected in sequence around the accommodation cavity, and at least one side wall is equipped with accommodation space;

[0009] Phase change alloy layer, the phase change alloy layer is filled in the accommodation space, and the melting point of the phase change alloy layer is lower than 50 DEG C.

[0010] In an embodiment, the side wall includes two substrates oppositely arranged and spaced apart, and the substrate located on the inner side of the shell body can be bent towards or away from the cell.

[0011] In an embodiment, the phase change alloy layer is set to gallium-based liquid alloy.

[0012] In an embodiment, the phase change alloy layer has a melting point between 30 DEG C and 47 DEG C.

[0013] In an embodiment, the thickness of the accommodating space is between one third and two thirds of the thickness of the sidewall along a direction perpendicular to the sidewall.

[0014] In an embodiment, the shell body is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.

[0015] In the second aspect, the embodiments of the utility model provide a battery which comprises a battery cell and a self-repairing shell.

[0016] In an embodiment, the plurality of sidewalls comprises two first sidewalls oppositely arranged along the thickness direction, and the phase change alloy layer is arranged in the accommodating space of at least one of the first sidewalls.

[0017] In an embodiment, the volume of the accommodating space and the first sidewall is between one third and two thirds.

[0018] In the third aspect, the embodiments of the utility model provide a vehicle which comprises a battery.

[0019] The embodiments of the utility model have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] In the embodiments of the utility model, the accommodating space is arranged on the shell body, and the phase change alloy layer is filled in the accommodating space, and the melting point of the phase change alloy layer is lower than 50 DEG C, in the process of charging and discharging of the battery, the phase change alloy layer can be converted between solid state and liquid state according to the temperature of the battery cell, so that the thermal performance of the phase change alloy layer can be used to cool the battery cell; in the initial state, the phase change alloy layer is in solid state; in the process of charging of the battery, the temperature of the large surface of the battery cell rises, which can make the temperature of the phase change alloy layer rise and change from solid state to liquid state, realize heat transfer, reduce the temperature of the large surface of the battery cell, and buffer the expansion of the battery cell; in the process of small rate discharging of the battery, the temperature of the large surface of the battery cell decreases, which can make the temperature of the phase change alloy layer decrease and restore to solid state, at this time, the battery cell shrinks, and the shape of the shell body gradually restores, realizing self-repairing of the shell body; therefore, the functions of buffering and self-repairing thickness of the shell body can be realized, and the stress release of the contact surface of the battery cell and the shell body is facilitated, the expansion of the battery cell in the process of charging and discharging is reduced at the end of the battery cell, more space can be reserved for the design of the battery cell module, thereby the technical problems that the physical limitation resisting the expansion force of the battery cell can affect the design allowance of the space of the battery cell module and the design process of resisting the expansion force of the battery cell through the reserved gap is relatively complicated are solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a self-repairing shell provided by the first embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a top view of a self-repairing shell provided by the first embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 is a sectional view of a self-repairing shell provided by the first embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a battery provided by the second embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 is a sectional view of a battery provided by the second embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 is a comparison chart of capacity retention rates of a conventional lithium battery and a lithium battery with a self-repairing shell after charge-discharge cycles under normal temperature conditions;

[0028] Figure 7 is a comparison chart of capacity retention rates of a conventional lithium battery and a lithium battery with a self-repairing shell after charge-discharge cycles under 45℃ conditions.

[0029] Reference signs

[0030] 1, shell body; 11, accommodating cavity; 12, side wall; 121, base plate; 122, first side wall; 13, accommodating space;

[0031] 2, phase change alloy layer;

[0032] 3, battery; 31, battery cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Clearly, the described embodiments are merely a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work under the premise that no creative work is made, belong to the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. In the present application, the orientation words such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower of the device in the actual use or working state, and specifically refer to the direction of the drawing in the drawing; and "inner" and "outer" refer to the contour of the device.

[0034] Referring to Figures 1 to 3 The application provides a self-repairing shell, which comprises a shell body 1 and a phase change alloy layer 2.

[0035] The shell body 1 is internally provided with a containing cavity 11 for containing an electric core 31, and comprises a plurality of side walls 12 which are connected in sequence and surround the containing cavity 11, and at least one of the side walls 12 is provided with a containing space 13; in the embodiment, the electric core 31 is a square electric core 31, so the shape of the shell body 1 is square, and the two adjacent side walls 12 are perpendicular to each other.

[0036] The phase change alloy layer 2 is filled in the containing space 13, and the melting point of the phase change alloy layer 2 is lower than 50 DEG C, so in the embodiment, the phase change alloy layer can be converted between solid state and liquid state according to the temperature of the electric core 31. It should be further explained that in the embodiment, the shell body 1 is made of a deformable material, and in the initial state, the phase change alloy layer 2 is in solid state.

[0037] In the embodiment of the utility model, through setting accommodating space 13 on shell body 1, and filling phase change alloy layer 2 in accommodating space 13, and the melting point of phase change alloy layer is below 50 DEG C, in the process of battery charging and discharging, phase change alloy layer 2 can convert between solid and liquid according to the temperature of battery cell 31, can therefore utilize the thermal performance of phase change alloy layer 2 to cool battery cell 31, in initial state, phase change alloy layer 2 is solid, in the process of battery 3 charging, the temperature of the large surface of battery cell 31 rises, can make phase change alloy layer 2 heat temperature rise, and change from solid to liquid, realize heat transfer, reduce the temperature of the large surface of battery cell 31, thereby buffer the expansion of battery cell 31, in the process of battery 3 small ratio discharging, the temperature of the large surface of battery cell 31 reduces, can make phase change alloy layer 2 temperature reduce, and restore to solid from liquid, at this time, battery cell 31 shrinks, the shape of shell body 1 gradually restores, realize the self-repair of shell body 1, therefore, can realize the function of buffer and self-repair thickness of shell body 1, and help the stress release of the contact surface of battery cell 31 and shell body 1, reduce the expansion of battery cell 31 in the process of charging and discharging at the end of battery cell 31, can reserve more space for the design of battery cell 31 module, thereby improve the technical problem that physical limit resistance battery cell 31 expansion force can influence the design allowance of battery cell 31 module space and the design process of resistance battery cell 31 expansion force through reserved gap is relatively complicated.

[0038] In some embodiments, the side wall 12 includes two substrates 121 arranged oppositely and spaced apart, the accommodating space 13 is arranged between the two substrates 121, and the substrate 121 located on the inner side of the shell body 1 can bend towards or away from the battery cell 31. Therefore, in the process of battery 3 charging, the temperature of the large surface of battery cell 31 rises, at this time, the temperature of phase change alloy layer 2 rises under heat, and gradually changes from solid to liquid, at this time, the substrate 121 can have a deformation space, the substrate 121 deforms and can bend away from the battery cell 31, thereby realizing the buffering effect of the expansion force generated by the battery cell 31. In the process of battery 3 small ratio discharging, the temperature of the large surface of battery cell 31 decreases, at this time, the temperature of phase change alloy layer 2 decreases, and gradually restores to solid from liquid, in this process, the substrate 121 deforms and can bend towards the battery cell 31, gradually restores the shape and thickness of the shell body 1, thereby realizing the self-repair function of the shell thickness.

[0039] In some embodiments, the phase change alloy layer 2 is arranged as a gallium-based liquid alloy. Since the gallium-based liquid alloy has the characteristics of low melting point and high thermal conductivity, during the charging and discharging process of the battery 3, the phase change alloy layer 2 and the battery cell 31 can realize a rapid heat transfer process, so as to realize the rapid conversion between the solid state and the liquid state of the phase change alloy layer 2 during the charging and discharging process, and buffer the expansion force generated by the battery cell 31. In addition, the gallium-based liquid alloy is also relatively stable in chemical properties and is not easy to oxidize, which to some extent ensures the reliability of the use of the shell body 1 and has a long service life.

[0040] It should be further pointed out that in the present embodiment, the phase change alloy layer 2 is composed of three kinds of metals, namely, metal gallium, metal indium and metal tin. Among them, the melting point of metal gallium is as low as 29.8℃, and the alloy formed by mixing metal gallium with metal indium and metal tin can further reduce the melting point of the whole phase change alloy layer 2, while also improving the thermal conductivity and chemical stability of the whole phase change alloy layer 2, so as to further ensure the buffering effect of the phase change alloy layer 2 on the expansion of the battery cell 31, and also ensure the service life of the shell body 1.

[0041] In actual production process, metal gallium, metal indium and metal tin are mixed in a certain proportion to form the phase change alloy layer 2. The mixing steps of metal gallium, metal indium and metal tin are as follows:

[0042] Step one: put the metal gallium into a sealed flask, and place the sealed flask in a water bath pot and heat to 50℃, and the metal gallium is in liquid state under constant temperature;

[0043] Step two: put the metal indium and metal tin into the glassware containing the metal gallium in liquid state, and pass in argon, and stir with a glass rod until the metal indium and metal tin are completely dissolved with the metal gallium into liquid state, and ensure that the three kinds of liquid metals are uniformly mixed;

[0044] Step three: keep the temperature at 50℃ for 10 minutes to obtain a gallium-indium-tin liquid alloy;

[0045] Step four: pour the gallium-indium-tin liquid alloy into the accommodating space 13 on the shell body 1 under the condition of 50℃ constant temperature, and stand still for 30 minutes under normal temperature condition to realize the metallurgical combination of the shell body 1 and the phase change alloy layer 2.

[0046] In some embodiments, the melting point of the phase change alloy layer 2 is between 30℃ and 47℃. In the process of charging and discharging cycle of the battery cell 31 at room temperature, the temperature range of the large surface of the battery cell 31 is between 25℃ and 40℃. Therefore, by setting the melting point of the phase change alloy layer 2 between 30℃ and 47℃, it can be ensured that the phase change alloy layer 2 can realize the conversion process between solid and liquid state during the charging process, thereby ensuring the buffering effect of the phase change alloy layer 2 on the expansion force generated by the battery cell 31.

[0047] It can be understood that the melting point of the phase change alloy layer 2 is related to the mixing ratio of the constituent metals. When the phase change alloy layer 2 is composed of three metals of gallium, indium and tin, the relationship between the melting point M.p of the phase change alloy layer 2 and the mixing ratio of the three metals is as follows: M.p = 29.76(x) + 156.61(y) + 231.9(z), and x + y + z = 1.

[0048] Wherein, x is the percentage of gallium in the phase change alloy layer 2, y is the percentage of indium in the phase change alloy layer 2, and z is the percentage of tin in the phase change alloy layer 2.

[0049] For example, when the mixing ratio of gallium, indium and tin is 98%:1%:1%, i.e. x:y:z = 98%:1%:1%, the melting point of the phase change alloy layer 2 is: M.p = 29.76x0.98 + 156.61x0.01 + 231.9x0.01 ≈ 33℃ (the result is rounded to the nearest integer at this time);

[0050] When the mixing ratio of gallium, indium and tin is 97%:2%:1%, i.e. x:y:z = 97%:2%:1%, the melting point of the phase change alloy layer 2 is: M.p = 29.76x0.97 + 156.61x0.02 + 231.9x0.01 ≈ 34℃ (the result is rounded to the nearest integer at this time).

[0051] Specifically, the present embodiment also provides other melting point data of the mixing ratio between the phase change alloy layer 2 and gallium, indium and tin, as shown in the following table:

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] From the above table, it can be seen that when the content of gallium decreases, the melting point of the phase change alloy layer 2 increases, so in the actual production process, the melting point of the phase change alloy layer 2 can be adjusted according to the proportion of gallium in the phase change alloy layer 2 to adapt to different use scenarios.

[0055] It can be understood that in other embodiments, at least two or more liquid metals can also be mixed to form the phase change alloy layer 2, and the composition of the phase change alloy layer 2 can be selected according to the actual application scene, which has a wider application range and stronger practicability.

[0056] In some embodiments, the thickness of the containing space 13 in the direction perpendicular to the side wall 12 is between one third and two thirds of the thickness of the side wall 12. Through the above arrangement, the overall thickness of the side wall 12 can be ensured to be sufficient, thereby ensuring the overall strength of the shell body 1. At the same time, the overall thickness of the phase change alloy layer 2 filled in the containing space 13 can also be ensured to be sufficient, so as to ensure the buffering effect of the phase change alloy layer 2 on the expansion force generated by the battery cell 31.

[0057] In some embodiments, the material of the shell body 1 is aluminum or aluminum alloy. Since the density of aluminum or aluminum alloy is much lower than that of other materials such as stainless steel, the shell body 1 made of aluminum or aluminum alloy can make the overall weight of the shell body 1 smaller, thereby reducing the weight of the entire battery 3 module, and further reducing the energy consumption of the battery 3. In addition, the shell body 1 made of aluminum or aluminum alloy can have good heat conduction performance, so that heat transfer between the battery cell 31 and the phase change alloy layer 2 can be quickly realized during the charging and discharging cycle of the battery 3, thereby better realizing the buffering effect of the shell body 1 on the expansion force generated by the battery cell 31 and the self-repairing effect of the thickness of the shell body 1 itself. At the same time, the shell body 1 made of aluminum or aluminum alloy also helps the battery 3 to dissipate heat in time during the working process, thereby preventing the phenomenon of overheating of the battery 3, and it also has excellent anti-rust properties and can resist corrosion, thereby improving the overall safety performance and service life of the battery 3.

[0058] In a second aspect, referring to Figures 4 to 5 The application also provides a battery 3, which comprises a battery cell 31 and a self-repairing shell, and the battery cell 31 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 11. The battery 3 has all the beneficial effects of the self-repairing shell described above, and the present embodiment will not be described here.

[0059] In the present embodiment, the battery 3 is preferably a lithium ion battery cell 31, i.e. the battery 3 is a lithium ion battery 3. Since the lithium ion battery cell 31 has the advantage of high energy density, the lithium ion battery 3 can meet the use requirements of users for high-performance batteries 3, and the self-discharge rate of the lithium ion battery cell 31 is low, so its service life is long, and thus the overall service life of the battery 3 can be ensured.

[0060] Of course, in other embodiments, the battery 3 can also adopt other different types of battery cells 31 according to actual use needs. For example, nickel-metal hydride battery cells 31 can be adopted, lead-acid battery cells 31 can be adopted, solid oxide battery cells 31 can be adopted, and other forms of battery cells 31 can also be adopted.

[0061] In some embodiments, the plurality of side walls 12 includes two first side walls 122 oppositely arranged along the thickness direction, and the phase change alloy layer 2 is arranged in the accommodation space 13 of at least one of the first side walls 122. In a specific production process, the battery 3 can be filled with the phase change alloy layer 2 in the accommodation space 13 on one first side wall 122 of the shell body 1, or can be filled with the phase change alloy layer 2 in the accommodation space 13 on both first side walls 122. Therefore, through the above arrangement, the contact area between the phase change alloy layer 2 and the large surface of the battery cell 31 can be ensured, so as to realize the rapid transfer of heat between the phase change alloy layer 2 and the battery cell 31, speed up the conversion speed between the liquid state and the solid state of the phase change alloy layer 2, so as to ensure the buffering effect of the expansion force generated by the phase change alloy layer 2 on the battery cell 31, and ensure the self-repairing effect of the shell body 1. When the accommodation space 13 on both first side walls 122 is filled with the phase change alloy layer 2, the contact area between the phase change alloy layer 2 and the battery cell 31 is larger, the heat speed between the phase change alloy layer 2 and the battery cell 31 is faster, that is, the conversion speed between the liquid state and the solid state of the phase change alloy layer 2 is faster, so the buffering effect of the expansion force generated by the phase change alloy layer 2 on the battery cell 31 is better, and the self-repairing effect of the shell body 1 is also better.

[0062] In some embodiments, the volume ratio of the accommodation space 13 to the first side wall 122 is between one third and two thirds. Through the above arrangement, the overall thickness of the side wall 12 can be ensured to be sufficient, so as to ensure the overall strength of the shell body 1, and at the same time, the overall thickness of the phase change alloy layer 2 filled in the accommodation space 13 can also be ensured to be sufficient, so as to ensure the buffering effect of the expansion force generated by the phase change alloy layer 2 on the battery cell 31.

[0063] Reference Figure 6 In order to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present embodiment, the lithium battery 3 is subjected to charge and discharge cycles at room temperature (25°C), and the lithium battery 3 with a conventional shell and the lithium battery 3 with a self-repairing shell are subjected to a comparative experiment. In the experiment, the experimental process is as follows:

[0064] In this scheme, metal gallium, metal indium and metal tin are mixed in a ratio of 98%:1%:1%, and an electrical performance cycle test is performed at room temperature and under a charge and discharge current density of 1C / 1C. Finally, the electrical performance cycle results of the lithium battery 3 with a conventional shell and the lithium battery 3 with a self-repairing shell are as follows: Figure 6As shown in the L2 curve, the capacity retention rate of the lithium battery 3 with the conventional shell decreases from 94% to below 91% after 150 charge-discharge cycles; while as shown in the L1 curve, the capacity retention rate of the lithium battery 3 with the self-repairing shell can be maintained above 95% after 150 charge-discharge cycles. Figure 6 As shown in the L2 curve, the capacity retention rate of the lithium battery 3 with the conventional shell decreases from 94% to below 91% after 150 charge-discharge cycles; while as shown in the L1 curve, the capacity retention rate of the lithium battery 3 with the self-repairing shell can be maintained above 95% after 150 charge-discharge cycles.

[0065] Referring to Figure 7 In order to further demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present embodiment, the lithium battery 3 is subjected to charge-discharge cycles at 45°C, and the lithium battery 3 with the conventional shell and the lithium battery 3 with the self-repairing shell are subjected to a comparative experiment. The experimental process of the present experiment is as follows:

[0066] In this scheme, the metal gallium, the metal indium and the metal tin are mixed in a ratio of 97%:2%:1%, and the electrical performance cycle test is performed at 45°C and under a charge-discharge current density of 1C / 1C. Finally, the electrical performance cycle results of the lithium battery 3 with the conventional shell and the lithium battery 3 with the self-repairing shell are as follows: Figure 7 As shown in the L2 curve, the capacity retention rate of the lithium battery 3 with the conventional shell decreases from 96.5% to below 93.5% after 150 charge-discharge cycles; while as shown in the L1 curve, the capacity retention rate of the lithium battery 3 with the self-repairing shell can be maintained above 95% after 150 charge-discharge cycles. Figure 7 As shown in the L2 curve, the capacity retention rate of the lithium battery 3 with the conventional shell decreases from 96.5% to below 93.5% after 150 charge-discharge cycles; while as shown in the L1 curve, the capacity retention rate of the lithium battery 3 with the self-repairing shell can be maintained above 95% after 150 charge-discharge cycles.

[0067] The capacity retention rate of the battery 3 is an important characterization parameter of the attenuation of the battery 3. Therefore, as described above, after the lithium battery 3 is subjected to multiple charge-discharge cycles, the lithium battery 3 with the self-repairing aluminum shell in the present embodiment can have a higher capacity retention rate, which indicates that the lithium battery 3 with the self-repairing aluminum shell in the present embodiment has a slower attenuation speed, better performance and longer service life.

[0068] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a vehicle comprising a battery 3. The vehicle has all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned battery 3, and the present embodiment will not be described here.

[0069] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, and the principles and implementation modes of the present application are described by applying specific examples. The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, the specific implementation modes and application ranges will be changed according to the idea of the present application, and the content of the present description should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-healing enclosure, characterized by, The application relates to a self-repairing shell for a battery. The shell body is internally provided with a receiving cavity for accommodating an electric core, and comprises a plurality of side walls connected in sequence around the receiving cavity, at least one of the side walls being provided with a receiving space. The phase-change alloy layer is filled in the receiving space, and the melting point of the phase-change alloy layer is lower than 50 DEG C.

2. A self-healing enclosure according to claim 1, wherein, The side wall comprises two substrates oppositely and spacedly arranged, and the substrates on the inner side of the shell body can be bent towards or away from the electric core.

3. The self-healing enclosure of claim 1, wherein, The phase-change alloy layer is a gallium-based liquid alloy.

4. A self-healing enclosure according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The melting point of the phase-change alloy layer is between 30 DEG C and 47 DEG C.

5. The self-healing enclosure of claim 1, wherein, In the direction perpendicular to the side wall, the thickness of the receiving space is between one third and two thirds of the thickness of the side wall.

6. A self-healing enclosure according to claim 4, wherein, The material of the shell body is aluminum or aluminum alloy.

7. A battery, characterized by The application further relates to a battery comprising an electric core and the self-repairing shell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electric core is arranged in the receiving cavity.

8. A battery according to claim 7, wherein The plurality of side walls comprises two first side walls oppositely arranged in the thickness direction, and the phase-change alloy layer is arranged in the receiving space of at least one of the first side walls.

9. A battery according to claim 8, wherein The volume ratio of the receiving space to the first side wall is between one third and two thirds.

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The application further relates to a battery comprising the shell as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9.