Battery and battery module comprising same

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery safety, and particularly provides a battery and a battery module comprising the same. The battery comprises a shell assembly, a battery cell and an adapter, the battery cell and the adapter are located in the shell assembly, a first pole and a second pole are arranged on the shell assembly, the first pole is connected with the shell assembly, and the second pole and the shell assembly are arranged in an insulated mode; the first pole is connected with the battery cell through an adapter, and a fusing structure is arranged on the adapter; when the fusing structure is not fused, the adapter and the shell assembly are arranged at an interval; when the fusing structure is fused, the adapter is connected with the shell assembly. In the application, when the fusing structure is disconnected, the adapter is connected with the shell assembly, namely when the battery module is subjected to external short circuit, the fuse of the battery is fused, and the pole provided with the large-resistance structure is directly connected with the shell assembly, so that the current is ensured to bypass the large-resistance structure, the large-resistance structure is prevented from being broken down by high voltage, and the battery is prevented from being on fire and exploded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of battery safety, and specifically proposes a battery and a battery module including the same. Background Technology

[0002] In some battery modules, at least some batteries use a method where one of the tabs (or terminals) is directly connected to the housing assembly; the other tab is connected to the terminal via a fuse, and a high-resistance structure is provided between the terminal and the housing assembly. That is, under normal circumstances, the current at the tab will flow through the fuse to the terminal and to the load, rather than through the high-resistance structure to the housing assembly, thereby achieving insulation of the terminal and preventing short circuits inside the battery.

[0003] However, when a short circuit occurs outside the battery module, the fuses of some batteries will blow before the system fuse of the battery module. The remaining batteries will apply a reverse current to the battery. Since the fuse between the tab and the post has broken, the reverse current can only flow through the post and the high-resistance structure to the casing assembly for conduction. Due to the voltage divider distance, the voltage at the high-resistance structure is higher and it is easily broken down by high voltage, causing the battery to catch fire and explode. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to solve at least some of the technical problems mentioned above, and this purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application proposes a battery comprising a housing assembly, a battery cell located within the housing assembly, and an adapter. The housing assembly is provided with a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal being connected to the housing assembly and the second terminal being insulated from the housing assembly. The first terminal is connected to the battery cell via the adapter, and the adapter is provided with a fusible structure. When the fusible structure is not fused, the adapter is spaced apart from the housing assembly. When the fusible structure is fused, the adapter is connected to the housing assembly.

[0006] The technical solution proposed in this application has at least the following technical effects:

[0007] In this application, the first terminal is insulated from the housing assembly, and the second terminal is directly connected to the housing assembly, meaning that a high-resistance structure is provided between the first terminal and the housing assembly. The first terminal is connected to the battery cell via an adapter, which has a fusible link. When the fusible link is not blown, the adapter and the housing assembly are spaced apart, which is the normal state. When the fusible link is broken, the adapter is connected to the housing assembly. That is, when the battery module experiences an external short circuit, the fusible link of the battery blows, and the adapter allows the terminal with the high-resistance structure to be directly connected to the housing assembly, thereby ensuring that the current bypasses the high-resistance structure and preventing the high-resistance structure from being broken down by high voltage, which could cause the battery to catch fire or explode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] In order to better combine the content shown in the drawings of the specification with the content described in the detailed description, the drawings of the specification are briefly introduced as follows. It can be understood that the drawings of the specification mentioned below only schematically show some embodiments of the related technical solutions and the technical solutions of the present application, and a person skilled in the art can also make drawings showing other embodiments without creative labor.

[0009] Specifically, the annotations of the drawings of the specification are as follows:

[0010] Figure 1 Part structure schematic diagram of the battery described in some embodiments of the present application;

[0011] Figure 2 Connection schematic diagram of the cover plate and the adapter described in some embodiments of the present application;

[0012] Figure 3 Structure schematic diagram of the adapter described in some embodiments of the present application.

[0013] Specifically, the annotations of the drawings of the specification are as follows:

[0014] 10, battery cell; 101, first tab; 102, second tab; 20, adapter; 201, fuse structure; 202, first end; 203, second end; 204, protruding part; 2041, first plate; 2042, second plate; 205, third plate; 30, cover plate; 301, insulating part; 302, plastic plate; 40, first pole; 50, second pole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the content of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the following will be described in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. It can be understood that the content mentioned below is only some embodiments of the present application, and all the embodiments are not exhaustively listed. Therefore, other embodiments obtained based on the following embodiments are also within the protection scope of the present application without creative labor.

[0016] It should be understood that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to strictly limit the technical solutions, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. For example, the terms "one", "a" and "said" used herein to modify a feature do not exclude that the feature can also be plural in other embodiments.

[0017] It should be understood that the terms "comprising", "including", and "having" are open-ended, which means that the described features are present, but other features can also be present. Similarly, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to describe multiple features, but do not imply that the features are in a certain order, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0018] It should be understood that the terms "set", "connected", "mounted" should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through a medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the text can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] In addition, for the convenience of description, spatial relative terms will be used to describe the position of one feature relative to another feature, such as "inner", "outer", "end", "side", "upper", "middle", "lower", "high", "low", "axial", "circumferential", "radial", "horizontal", "vertical", "first direction", "second direction", etc. It can be understood that the spatial relative relationship between two features should include other specific circumstances other than those shown in the drawings.

[0020] The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0021] In the first aspect, referring to Figure 1 The present application provides a battery, which comprises a shell assembly, a battery cell 10 and an adapter 20 in the shell assembly, the shell assembly is provided with a first pole 40 and a second pole 50, the first pole 40 is insulated from the shell assembly, and the second pole 50 is connected with the shell assembly; the first pole 40 is connected with the battery cell 10 through the adapter 20, and the adapter 20 is provided with a fuse structure 201; when the fuse structure 201 is not fused, the adapter 20 is spaced apart from the shell assembly; when the fuse structure 201 is fused, the adapter 20 is connected with the shell assembly.

[0022] In the embodiment, the first pole 40 is insulated from the shell assembly, the second pole 50 is directly connected with the shell assembly, that is, a large resistance structure is arranged between the first pole 40 and the shell assembly; the first pole 40 is connected with the battery cell 10 through the adapter 20, the adapter 20 is provided with a fuse structure 201, that is, a fuse; when the fuse structure 201 is connected, the adapter 20 is arranged apart from the shell assembly, that is, a normal state; when the fuse structure 201 is disconnected, the adapter 20 is connected with the shell assembly, that is, when the battery module is externally short-circuited, the fuse of the battery is fused, the adapter 20 makes the pole provided with the large resistance structure directly connected with the shell assembly, so as to ensure that the current bypasses the large resistance structure and avoids that the large resistance structure is broken down by high voltage and causes the battery to catch fire and explode.

[0023] Optionally, the first pole 40 is a positive pole, and the second pole 50 is a negative pole; or the first pole 40 is a negative pole, and the second pole 50 is a positive pole. Specifically, one end of the pole is electrically connected with the battery cell 10 in the shell, and the other end is connected with the conductive row, and the pole is used to output the current of the battery cell 10 to the outside of the battery.

[0024] In some embodiments, the shell assembly comprises a shell and a cover plate 30 connected with each other, the first pole 40 and the second pole 50 are arranged on the cover plate 30, and the adapter 20 is connected with the shell or the cover plate 30 when the fuse structure 201 is fused.

[0025] In order to more clearly describe the embodiments, when the fuse structure 201 is fused, the adapter 20 is connected with the cover plate 30 as an example for description. In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 3 , the battery cell 10 has a first tab 101, the adapter 20 has a first end 202 and a second end 203 arranged opposite to each other and a protruding portion 204 located between the first end 202 and the second end 203, the first end 202 is connected with the first tab 101, the second end 203 is connected with the first pole 40, and the protruding portion 204 protrudes towards the cover plate 30 and has a rebound force close to the cover plate 30.

[0026] It should be understood that the battery cell 10 comprises a first tab 101 and a second tab 102, in the embodiment, the first tab 101 is connected with the first pole 40 through the adapter 20, and a large resistance structure is arranged between the first pole 40 and the cover plate 30 (that is, the first pole 40 can be regarded as insulated from the cover plate 30); the second tab 102 is directly connected with the second pole 50 or connected through the adapter 20.

[0027] Specifically, under normal circumstances, taking the battery as a reference object, the current direction is battery cell 10-first tab 101-first pole 40-the rest of the battery-load-second pole 50-second tab 102-battery cell 10, thereby forming a loop.

[0028] However, when the battery module is externally short-circuited, i.e. the load disappears, the fuse structure 201 of the battery adapter 20 is disconnected, and the remaining batteries apply a reverse current to the battery. If the structure is not improved (i.e. the adapter 20 is not connected to the cover plate 30), the current direction is the remaining batteries - the first pole 40 - the large resistance structure - the shell assembly - the second pole 50 - the remaining batteries. With the battery as the reference object, the above is the only path. According to the voltage division principle, the voltage on both sides of the large resistance structure is large, which is easy to break down and cause a fire. If the structure is improved as described in the present embodiment (i.e. after the fuse structure 201 is disconnected, the restraint on the adapter 20 is removed, the adapter 20 rebounds, and at least part of the protruding portion 204 on the adapter 20 is connected to the cover plate 30), the current direction changes to the remaining batteries - the first pole 40 - the adapter 20 - the shell assembly - the second pole 50 - the remaining batteries. That is, the adapter 20 is connected to the shell assembly, providing another path for the current to bypass the large resistance structure, thereby avoiding battery fire and explosion.

[0029] In some embodiments, the cover plate 30 has a pole hole, and the large resistance structure can be an insulating ring sleeved on the first pole 40. Understandably, at least part of the insulating ring is located between the first pole 40 and the inner wall of the pole hole of the cover plate 30.

[0030] It should be understood that the cover plate 30 is connected to the shell, the adapter 20 is connected to the cover, and the adapter 20 is connected to the shell. There is no essential difference between the two cases. Similarly, the pole is connected to the cover, and the pole is connected to the shell. There is no essential difference between the two cases. In addition, the connection between the first pole 40 and the second pole 50 can also be completely reversed, i.e. the first pole 40 is connected to the shell assembly, and the large resistance structure is arranged between the second pole 50 and the shell assembly. Relative to the improvement point of the present application, the above is a desirable implementation, which will not be described here.

[0031] In some embodiments, the melting point of the fuse structure 201 is T, and the melting point of the insulating part 301 is T1, and 600℃≤T≤700℃ and 150℃≤T1≤250℃ are satisfied.

[0032] In some embodiments, when the fuse structure 201 is not fused, the protruding portion 204 is spaced apart from the cover plate 30 to form a gap, and the ratio of the gap size to the height of the battery cell 10 is 0.2% to 10%.

[0033] In the present embodiment, when the fuse structure 201 is not fused, the protruding portion 204 is spaced apart from the cover plate 30 to form a gap, thereby achieving insulation. The ratio of the gap size to the height of the battery cell 10 satisfies 0.2% to 10%. If the ratio is too low, the protruding portion 204 is easy to deform under the weight of the battery cell 10, thereby increasing the risk of short circuit. If the ratio is too large, it will occupy too much space inside the shell, affecting the energy density of the battery.

[0034] In some embodiments, the cover plate 30 is provided with an insulating member 301 on the side facing the battery cell 10, and the ratio of the gap size to the height of the battery cell 10 is 0.2% to 5% when the fuse structure 201 is not fused.

[0035] In the present embodiment, the insulating member 301 can improve the insulation performance, so as to reduce the ratio of the gap size to the height of the battery cell 10, i.e. to meet the ratio of the gap size to the height of the battery cell 10 being 0.2% to 5%, so as to ensure the insulation performance while increasing the energy density of the battery.

[0036] In some embodiments, the thickness of the insulating member 301 at the region corresponding to the protruding portion 204 is less than the thickness of the insulating member 301 at other regions.

[0037] In the present embodiment, the thickness of the insulating member 301 at the region corresponding to the protruding portion 204 is less than the thickness of the insulating member 301 at other regions, so as to facilitate the melting of the insulating member 301 by the adapter 20 and the electrical connection between the adapter 20 and the shell after the fuse structure 201 is fused.

[0038] Specifically, in some embodiments, the cover plate 30 is provided with a plastic plate 302 on the side facing the battery cell 10, the plastic plate 302 is provided with a groove at the position corresponding to the protruding portion 204 of the adapter 20, and the insulating member 301 is arranged in the groove. When the fuse structure 201 is not fused, the protruding portion 204 can be arranged in a gap with the insulating member 301, or the protruding portion 204 can abut against the insulating member 301.

[0039] It should be noted that the melting point of the insulating member 301 is lower than the melting point of the plastic plate 302. When the fuse structure 201 is disconnected, the adapter 20 rebounds towards the cover plate 30, so that part of the structure of the protruding portion 204 abuts against the insulating member 301 and melts the insulating member 301, until the adapter 20 is connected with the cover plate 30.

[0040] In addition, in some embodiments not shown in the drawings, the insulating member 301 can not be provided, but it is ensured that the adapter 20 and the cover plate 30 are arranged in a gap when the fuse structure 201 is connected, and the adapter 20 and the cover plate 30 are connected when the fuse structure 201 is disconnected.

[0041] Optionally, the fuse structure 201 is made of aluminum. Optionally, the insulating member 301 is made of ABS material (i.e., acrylonitrile (A)-butadiene (B)-styrene (S) terpolymer); in particular, the ABS material has excellent mechanical properties, and has good impact strength, i.e., the ABS material will not be punctured by the protrusion 204 due to external vibration of the battery, and the ABS material can adjust the melting point according to the temperature of the adapter 20 in normal use and in external short circuit; in addition, the ABS material has good electrical insulation, and is almost not affected by temperature, humidity and frequency, and can be used in most environments.

[0042] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 , the protrusion 204 includes a first plate 2041 and a second plate 2042 arranged at an angle, the first plate 2041 is connected to the first end 202, and the second plate 2042 is connected to the second end 203; the fuse structure 201 is located between the first plate 2041 and the first end 202; or, in some embodiments not shown in the figure, the fuse structure 201 is located between the first plate 2041 and the second plate 2042.

[0043] In this embodiment, if the fuse structure 201 is located between the first plate 2041 and the first end 202, when the fuse structure 201 is disconnected, both the first plate 2041 and the second plate 2042 can contact the cover plate 30; if the fuse structure 201 is located between the first plate 2041 and the second plate 2042, when the fuse structure 201 is disconnected, only the second plate 2042 can contact the cover plate 30; both of the above are desirable embodiments.

[0044] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 , the adapter 20 further includes a third plate 205, the third plate 205 is located between the second plate 2042 and the second end 203; the third plate 205 and the second plate 2042 are arranged at an angle, and the angle is 30° to 100°.

[0045] In this embodiment, the third plate 205 and the second plate 2042 are arranged at an angle, and the third plate at least has a resilience to the second plate 2042 (or to the protrusion 204) to make it close to the cover plate 30, by ensuring the deformation and resilience of the third plate 205, i.e., the angle between the third plate 205 and the second plate 2042 is 30° to 100°, so as to achieve the purpose that the adapter 20 contacts the cover plate 30 when the fuse structure 201 is fused.

[0046] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery module, which includes a frame, a conductive row and a plurality of batteries of the first aspect, the plurality of batteries are respectively connected to the conductive row, and the plurality of batteries and the conductive row are mounted on the frame.

[0047] Optionally, the battery is a square shell battery or a cylindrical battery; optionally, the shell of the battery is a stainless steel shell.

[0048] It should be understood that the battery module of the second aspect comprises the battery of the first aspect, therefore, the battery module of the second aspect has all the technical effects of the battery of the first aspect, and the specific technical effects are not described here.

[0049] In particular, the embodiments of the battery module of the second aspect only illustrate the structures related to the improvement points of the present application, but do not mean that it does not have other structures, for example, the battery module further comprises a battery protection plate, a heat dissipation structure, etc., and other structures are not described here.

[0050] It should be noted that the technical features involved in the different embodiments described above can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0051] In addition, the term "and / or" in the present application should be understood as follows:

[0052] The first case, the term "and / or" between the first subject and the second subject includes any of the following meanings: (1) only the first subject; (2) only the second subject; and (3) the first subject and the second subject.

[0053] The second case, the term "and / or" between the last two subjects among three or more subjects means that it includes at least any one of the multiple subjects. For example, "the first subject, the second subject and / or the third subject" and "the first subject and / or the second subject and / or the third subject" have the same meaning, which specifically includes the following combinations: (1) only the first subject; (2) only the second subject; (3) only the third subject; (4) the first subject and the second subject without the third subject; (5) the first subject and the third subject without the second subject; (6) the second subject and the third subject without the first subject; and (7) the first subject, the second subject and the third subject;

[0054] Wherein, the character " / " represents that the associated objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0055] Finally, although the above describes the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the concept of the present application, and such modifications and variations also fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that, It includes a housing assembly, a battery cell (10) located inside the housing assembly, and an adapter (20). The housing assembly is provided with a first terminal (40) and a second terminal (50). The first terminal (40) is insulated from the housing assembly, and the second terminal (50) is connected to the housing assembly. The first pole (40) is connected to the battery cell (10) through the adapter (20), and the adapter (20) is provided with a fuse structure (201); when the fuse structure (201) is not melted, the adapter (20) is spaced apart from the housing assembly; when the fuse structure (201) is melted, the adapter (20) is connected to the housing assembly.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing assembly includes a housing and a cover plate (30) connected to each other. The first pole post (40) and the second pole post (50) are disposed on the cover plate (30). When the fusible structure (201) is fused, the adapter (20) is connected to the housing or the cover plate (30).

3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery cell (10) has a first tab (101), and the adapter (20) has a first end (202) and a second end (203) disposed opposite to each other and a protrusion (204) located between the first end (202) and the second end (203). The first end (202) is connected to the first tab (101), and the second end (203) is connected to the first pole post (40). The protrusion (204) protrudes toward the cover plate (30).

4. The battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the fusion structure (201) fails to fuse, the protrusion (204) and the cover plate (30) are spaced apart to form a gap; The ratio of the gap size to the height of the battery cell (10) is 0.2% to 10%.

5. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cover plate (30) has an insulating element (301) on the side facing the battery cell (10). When the fusible structure (201) is not fused, the ratio of the gap size to the height of the battery cell (10) is 0.2% to 5%.

6. The battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the region on the insulating member (301) corresponding to the protrusion (204) is less than the thickness of other regions on the insulating member (301).

7. The battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protrusion (204) includes a first plate (2041) and a second plate (2042) arranged at an included angle, the first plate (2041) being connected to the first end (202), and the second plate (2042) being connected to the second end (203); The fused structure (201) is located between the first plate (2041) and the first end (202).

8. The battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protrusion (204) includes a first plate (2041) and a second plate (2042) arranged at an included angle, the first plate (2041) being connected to the first end (202), and the second plate (2042) being connected to the second end (203); The fusible structure (201) is located between the first plate (2041) and the second plate (2042).

9. The battery according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The adapter (20) further includes a third plate (205), which is located between the second plate (2042) and the second end (203); The third plate (205) and the second plate (2042) are arranged at an angle of 30° to 100°.

10. A battery module, characterized in that, The device includes a frame, a conductive busbar, and multiple batteries as described in claims 1 to 9, wherein the multiple batteries are respectively connected to the conductive busbar, and the multiple batteries and the conductive busbar are mounted on the frame.

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