Vertical shaft exhaust system for radiation type cave depot type data center

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical shaft exhaust system for a radiation type cave depot type data center, and belongs to the technical field of cave depot type data centers. The vertical shaft exhaust system is arranged in a mountain and comprises a ventilation hub cavern A and an exhaust vertical shaft, the exhaust vertical shaft comprises a centralized air duct section and a distributed exhaust structure, the lower end of the centralized air duct section is connected with the ventilation hub cavern A, and the distributed exhaust structure is connected with the upper end of the centralized air duct section. And communicating with the top of the mountain. Wherein the ventilation hub cavern A and the centralized air duct section are each of a single-channel structure, and the excavation volume and the construction cost of the vertical shaft exhaust system can be remarkably reduced; the distributed exhaust structure is of a multi-channel structure, air and smoke can be rapidly and efficiently exhausted to the top of the mountain, meanwhile, the anti-explosion capacity of the vertical shaft exhaust system is improved, and it is guaranteed that the vertical shaft exhaust system can still conduct normal exhaust and operation when part of channels are damaged and blocked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a vertical shaft ventilation system for a radial cave-type data center, belonging to the technical field of cave-type data centers. Background Technology

[0002] Because they are entirely buried underground, cavern-style data centers possess typical advantages such as high security, high concealment, high protection, and high energy efficiency, thus becoming a major new direction in data center development. However, considering the relatively enclosed structure of cavern-style data centers, it is necessary to focus on their ventilation requirements during normal operation and smoke extraction needs in the event of a fire. Cavern-style data centers typically use ventilation or exhaust systems for ventilation and smoke extraction.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN116648044A discloses an explosion-proof horizontal ventilation system and construction method suitable for cavern-type data centers. The explosion-proof horizontal ventilation system includes a three-tiered, intersecting upper horizontal exhaust structure, a middle connecting structure, and a lower cavern-type data center main structure. All three structures are multi-channel. The air inlet of the lower cavern-type data center main structure is connected to an integrated air supply system, and the air outlet is interconnected with the upper horizontal exhaust structure through the middle connecting structure. This system enables remote and precise control of airflow within the data center, providing a reliable ventilation system for normal operation and fire suppression in case of fire.

[0004] The use of this transverse ventilation system improves the explosion-proof capability of the cavern-type data center. However, since the explosion-proof transverse ventilation system includes a three-dimensional cross structure consisting of an upper transverse exhaust structure, a middle connecting structure, and a lower cavern-type data center main structure, and all three structures are multi-channel structures, it also suffers from the disadvantages of large excavation volume and high construction cost. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a vertical shaft ventilation system for a radial cave-type data center.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A vertical shaft ventilation system for a radial cavern-type data center is provided. The vertical shaft ventilation system is located inside a mountain and includes a ventilation hub chamber A and an exhaust shaft. The exhaust shaft includes a centralized air duct section and a decentralized exhaust structure. The lower end of the centralized air duct section is connected to the ventilation hub chamber A, and the decentralized exhaust structure is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section and communicates with the top of the mountain.

[0008] The ventilation hub chamber A includes a chamber support structure and an air duct. An equipment compartment is located at the top inside the chamber support structure, and a fire extinguishing gas storage compartment is located at the bottom inside the chamber support structure. The air duct is located inside the chamber support structure, with its lower end connected to the top plate of the fire extinguishing gas storage compartment and its upper end extending into the equipment compartment.

[0009] The cavern support structure is elliptical in shape and includes an initial support layer and a secondary lining layer located inside the initial support layer. The initial support layer is an elliptical spherical steel arch frame structure.

[0010] The fire extinguishing gas storage chamber is equipped with a non-flammable gas, which is nitrogen, argon, or a mixture of IG541 gases.

[0011] The air duct is provided with multiple air inlets evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The air inlets are located between the equipment compartment and the fire extinguishing gas storage compartment, and the air inlets are provided with dampers.

[0012] The shape and size of the outer wall of the air duct located between the top of the air inlet and the fire extinguishing gas storage chamber gradually expand from top to bottom.

[0013] The mountain is also equipped with a gas supply pipeline. One end of the gas supply pipeline is connected to the fire extinguishing gas storage chamber, and the other end extends outside the mountain. A gas pipeline switch is installed at the other end.

[0014] The lower part of the centralized air duct section is connected to the top of the cavern support structure, and the lower end of the centralized air duct section extends into the equipment compartment and is connected to the upper end of the air duct through an axial flow fan.

[0015] The initial support layer is provided with a polygonal steel frame at its connection with the centralized air duct section, and an inscribed circular steel beam A is provided on the inner side of the polygonal steel frame.

[0016] The central ventilation duct section has several outwardly expanding ventilation hub chambers B in the middle, and anti-fall nets are installed within 1m below each ventilation hub chamber B in the central ventilation duct section, and axial flow fans are installed above each ventilation hub chamber B.

[0017] The ventilation hub chamber B is equipped with a steel arch frame, which includes multiple coaxially arranged annular arch frames. The multiple annular arch frames are connected together by multiple vertical connecting arch frames.

[0018] The decentralized ventilation structure includes explosion-proof panels, backfill covering layers, and multiple zigzag ventilation ducts. The explosion-proof panels are installed inside the mountain and located directly above the centralized ventilation duct section. The backfill covering layer is installed on the explosion-proof panels. One end of each of the multiple zigzag ventilation ducts is connected to the upper end of the centralized ventilation duct section, and the other end is exposed at the top of the mountain as an exhaust outlet, and is distributed irregularly around the centralized ventilation duct section.

[0019] The explosion-proof plate is buried at a depth of not less than 5m inside the mountain;

[0020] The mountaintop is planted with trees around a zigzag wind tunnel.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] 1. Only one vertical shaft ventilation system is needed to meet the ventilation needs of all data tunnels in the entire data tunnel group. Ventilation hub chamber A in the vertical shaft ventilation system collects the air and smoke discharged from all data tunnels in the lower-level data tunnel group and further discharges it to the centralized ventilation duct section. The centralized ventilation duct section also collects the air and smoke discharged from all data tunnels in the upper-level data tunnel group, and then discharges all the air and smoke to the top of the mountain through a decentralized ventilation structure. Both ventilation hub chamber A and the centralized ventilation duct section in the vertical shaft ventilation system are single-channel structures, which significantly reduces the excavation volume and construction cost of the vertical shaft ventilation system. The decentralized ventilation structure is a multi-channel structure, which can quickly and efficiently discharge air and smoke to the top of the mountain. At the same time, it helps improve the explosion-proof capability of the vertical shaft ventilation system, ensuring that the system can still function normally even if some channels are damaged and blocked.

[0023] 2. The shape and size of the outer wall of the air duct located between the top of the air inlet and the fire extinguishing gas storage chamber gradually expand from top to bottom, so that the airflow discharged from the data tunnel can be smoothly guided into the air duct through the outer wall of the air duct. In conjunction with the axial flow fan, the air discharged from the data tunnel can be quickly drawn in and guided into the air duct.

[0024] 3. The top of the cavern support structure is arranged with an intersection connecting to the exhaust shaft, and a reinforcing structure of "polygonal steel frame + inscribed circular steel beam A" is arranged at the intersection to improve the stress reliability of the intersection between the cavern support structure and the exhaust shaft.

[0025] 4. The decentralized exhaust structure includes multiple zigzag ducts. Even if some of these zigzag ducts are damaged and blocked, the exhaust shafts can still function normally, further improving their exhaust reliability. The backfill cover layer is mainly used to restore the ground surface around the decentralized exhaust structure. Combined with trees planted around the zigzag ducts, this conceals the location of the exhaust shafts. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention with a bottom layer data tunnel group and an upper layer data tunnel group;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the present invention, the underlying data tunnel group, and the upper data tunnel group.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention and the underlying data tunnel group;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the present invention and the underlying data tunnel group;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when it is assembled with the underlying data tunnel group and the air exchange is carried out in the data tunnel.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical shaft ventilation system when the present invention is assembled with the underlying data tunnel group and the smoke in the data tunnel is discharged.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention and the data tunnel in the underlying data tunnel group;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the initial support layer and the exhaust shaft of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rock column and the arc-shaped side of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the air duct structure of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the polygonal steel frame and the inscribed circular steel beam A of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the centralized air duct section and the zigzag air duct of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 13 This is an unfolded view of the steel arch frame of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention and the data tunnel in the upper data tunnel group.

[0040] In the diagram: 100 - mountain, 200 - vertical shaft ventilation system, 300 - lower level data tunnel group, 400 - upper level data tunnel group, 500 - fall protection net, 600 - arc-shaped side;

[0041] 1-Data tunnel, 2-Ventilation hub chamber A, 21-Cavity support structure, 211-Initial support layer, 212-Polygonal steel frame, 213-Inscribed circular steel beam A, 22-Equipment compartment, 23-Fire extinguishing gas storage compartment, 24-Air duct, 241-Air inlet, 3-Exhaust shaft, 31-Centralized air duct section, 32-Decentralized exhaust structure, 321-Folded air duct, 322-Explosion-proof plate, 323-Backfill covering layer, 7-Axial flow fan, 8-Rock column, 9-Ventilation hub chamber B, 91-Annular arch frame, 92-Vertical connecting arch frame. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solution of this utility model is further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to what is described.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the present invention discloses a vertical shaft ventilation system for a radial cave-type data center. The vertical shaft ventilation system 200 is located inside a mountain 100. The vertical shaft ventilation system 200 includes a ventilation hub chamber A2 and an exhaust shaft 3. The exhaust shaft 3 includes a centralized air duct section 31 and a decentralized exhaust structure 32. The lower end of the centralized air duct section 31 is connected to the ventilation hub chamber A2, and the decentralized exhaust structure 32 is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section 31 and communicates with the top of the mountain 100.

[0044] In use, the radial cave-type data center also includes a bottom data tunnel group 300 and several upper data tunnel groups 400. The upper data tunnel groups 400 are located above the bottom data tunnel group 300. One end of all the data tunnels 1 in the upper data tunnel group 400 and one end of all the data tunnels 1 in the bottom data tunnel group 300 are connected to the vertical shaft ventilation system 200. The other end of each tunnel extends in different directions from the vertical shaft ventilation system 200 until it connects to the surface of the mountain 100.

[0045] The structure of a radial, cavern-style data center without an upper-level data tunnel group of 400 is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, all data tunnels 1 included in the bottom data tunnel group 300 extend and radiate in different directions with the vertical shaft ventilation system 200 as the center. That is to say, when all data tunnels 1 in the bottom data tunnel group 300 adopt this radial layout, only one vertical shaft ventilation system 200 is needed to meet the ventilation needs of all data tunnels 1 in the bottom data tunnel group 300.

[0046] When a radial, cavern-style data center has a 400-level upper data tunnel group, the structure is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, all data tunnels 1 in the bottom layer data tunnel group 300, which are arranged radially, share a vertical shaft ventilation system 200 with all data tunnels 1 in the upper layer data tunnel group 400, which are arranged radially. Only one vertical shaft ventilation system 200 is needed to meet the ventilation requirements of all data tunnels 1 in the multi-layer data tunnel group.

[0047] When a radial cavern-type data center has multiple upper-level data tunnel groups 400, the situation is similar to that when a radial cavern-type data center has only one upper-level data tunnel group 400, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0048] Therefore, it is evident that only one vertical shaft ventilation system 200 is needed to meet the ventilation requirements of all data tunnels 1 in all data tunnel groups. The ventilation hub chamber A2 in the vertical shaft ventilation system 200 is used to collect the air and smoke discharged from all data tunnels 1 in the lower-level data tunnel group 300 and further discharge them to the centralized ventilation duct section 31; the centralized ventilation duct section 31 is also used to collect the air and smoke discharged from all data tunnels 1 in the upper-level data tunnel group 400, and then discharge all the air and smoke to the top of the mountain 100 through the decentralized ventilation structure 32. The ventilation hub chamber A2 and the centralized air duct section 31 in the vertical shaft ventilation system 200 are both single-channel structures, which can significantly reduce the excavation volume and construction cost of the vertical shaft ventilation system 200. The decentralized ventilation structure 32 is a multi-channel structure, which can quickly and efficiently discharge air and smoke to the top of the mountain 100. At the same time, it helps to improve the explosion-proof capability of the vertical shaft ventilation system 200, that is, when some of the channels are damaged and blocked, it ensures that the vertical shaft ventilation system 200 can still ventilate and operate normally.

[0049] The ventilation hub chamber A2 includes a chamber support structure 21 and an air duct 24. The top of the inner side of the chamber support structure 21 is provided with an equipment compartment 22, and the bottom of the inner side of the chamber support structure 21 is provided with a fire extinguishing gas storage compartment 23. The air duct 24 is located inside the chamber support structure 21, with its lower end connected to the top plate of the fire extinguishing gas storage compartment 23 and its upper end extending into the equipment compartment 22.

[0050] The cavern support structure 21 is ellipsoidal, comprising an initial support layer 211 and a secondary lining layer located inside the initial support layer 211. The initial support layer 211 is an ellipsoidal steel arch frame structure. The secondary lining layer inside the initial support layer 211 serves as permanent support to ensure the structural stability of the ventilation hub cavern A2.

[0051] The fire extinguishing gas storage chamber 23 is equipped with a non-flammable gas, which is nitrogen, argon or IG541 mixed gas.

[0052] The air duct 24 is provided with multiple air inlets 241 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The air inlets 241 are located between the equipment compartment 22 and the fire extinguishing gas storage compartment 23, and the air inlets 241 are provided with dampers.

[0053] The shape and size of the outer wall of the air duct 24, located between the top of the air inlet 241 and the fire extinguishing gas storage chamber 23, gradually expand from top to bottom. In use, the air inlet 241 is opened and closed via a damper, allowing air or smoke entering the cavern support structure 21 from the data tunnel 1 to flow into the air duct 24. The shape and size of the outer wall of the air duct 24, located between the top of the air inlet 241 and the fire extinguishing gas storage chamber 23, gradually expand from top to bottom, so that the airflow discharged from the data tunnel 1 can be smoothly guided into the air duct 24 through its outer wall. Combined with the axial flow fan 7, this allows for the rapid intake and guidance of the air discharged from the data tunnel 1 into the air duct 24.

[0054] The hillside 100 is also equipped with a gas replenishment pipeline. One end of the gas replenishment pipeline is connected to the fire extinguishing gas storage chamber 23, and the other end extends outside the hillside 100, with a gas pipeline switch at that end. In use, the gas replenishment pipeline serves as a pipeline for replenishing the non-flammable gas in the fire extinguishing gas storage chamber 23.

[0055] The lower part of the centralized air duct section 31 is connected to the top of the cavern support structure 21, and the lower end of the centralized air duct section 31 extends into the equipment compartment 22 and is connected to the upper end of the air duct 24 through the axial flow fan 7. In use, the axial flow fan 7 provides power for the exhaust of the exhaust shaft 3 to accelerate the internal air velocity and improve its exhaust efficiency.

[0056] A polygonal steel frame 212 is provided on the initial support layer 211 at its connection with the centralized ventilation duct section 31, and an inscribed circular steel beam A213 is provided on the inner side of the polygonal steel frame 212. The top of the cavern support structure 21 is arranged with an intersection connecting to the exhaust shaft 3, and a reinforcing structure of "polygonal steel frame 212 + inscribed circular steel beam A213" is arranged at the intersection to improve the stress reliability at the intersection of the cavern support structure 21 and the exhaust shaft 3.

[0057] The centralized ventilation duct section 31 has several outwardly expanding ventilation hub chambers B9 in its middle section. A fall arrest net 500 is installed within 1 meter below each ventilation hub chamber B9 within the centralized ventilation duct section 31, and an axial flow fan 7 is installed above each ventilation hub chamber B9. In use, the centralized ventilation duct section 31 has several ventilation hub chambers B9 located at positions corresponding to several upper-level data tunnel groups 400. The ventilation hub chambers B9 are used to collect the air and smoke discharged from all data tunnels 1 in a corresponding upper-level data tunnel group 400. A fall arrest net 500 is installed within 1 meter below each ventilation hub chamber B9 within the centralized ventilation duct section 31 to eliminate the risk of personnel falling.

[0058] The ventilation hub chamber B9 is equipped with a steel arch frame, which includes multiple coaxially arranged annular arch frames 91. The multiple annular arch frames 91 are connected together by multiple vertical connecting arch frames 92.

[0059] The decentralized ventilation structure 32 includes an explosion-proof plate 322, a backfill covering layer 323, and multiple zigzag-shaped air ducts 321. The explosion-proof plate 322 is located inside the hill 100 and directly above the centralized air duct section 31. The backfill covering layer 323 is placed on the explosion-proof plate 322. One end of each of the multiple zigzag-shaped air ducts 321 is connected to the upper end of the centralized air duct section 31, while the other end extends as an exhaust outlet at the top of the hill 100 and is distributed irregularly around the centralized air duct section 31. In use, the decentralized ventilation structure 32, including multiple zigzag-shaped air ducts 321, ensures that the ventilation shaft 3 can still function normally when some of the zigzag-shaped air ducts 321 are damaged and blocked, thus improving the ventilation reliability of the ventilation shaft 3. The backfill covering layer 323 is mainly used to restore the ground surface around the decentralized exhaust structure 32, and together with the trees planted around the zigzag air duct 321, it aims to conceal the location of the exhaust shaft 3.

[0060] The explosion-proof plate 322 is buried at a depth of not less than 5m within the mountain 100;

[0061] Trees are planted around the top of the mountain 100 around the zigzag air duct 321. The explosion-proof plate 322 is a multi-layer thin plate structure or a single-layer thick plate structure, and the burial depth of the explosion-proof plate 322 within the mountain 100 is set to not less than 5m to ensure that the decentralized exhaust structure 32 has good explosion-proof performance.

[0062] A construction method for a vertical shaft ventilation system for a radial-type cavern data center includes the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: The ventilation hub cavern A2 is constructed using the spherical excavation method with reserved core soil, and the initial support layer 211 of the cavern support structure 21 is constructed, as well as the polygonal steel frame 212 and the inscribed circular steel beam A213 are constructed.

[0064] Step 2: Construct ventilation shaft 3 using the reverse shaft method;

[0065] Step 3: In Step 2, when the exhaust shaft 3 is constructed from top to bottom to the top elevation of a certain ventilation hub chamber B9, the ventilation hub chamber B9 is enlarged and excavated accordingly, and the steel arch frame is constructed downwards section by section, and then the ventilation hub chamber B9 is poured.

[0066] Step 4: Repeat Step 3 to complete the construction of the remaining ventilation hub chambers B9 one by one from top to bottom until the exhaust shaft 3 is connected to the ventilation hub chamber A2.

[0067] Step 5: Carry out the internal structure construction and equipment installation work of ventilation hub chamber A2 and exhaust shaft 3.

[0068] The specific construction process of step one includes the following steps:

[0069] Step A: During the excavation of ventilation hub chamber A2, the rock column 8 located directly below the exhaust shaft 3 is retained as a temporary support structure. Then, the arc-shaped side 600 around the rock column 8 is excavated in steps to form an arc-shaped excavation surface, and the arc-shaped excavation surface is protected with shotcrete.

[0070] Step B: After the excavation of the upper step arc-shaped side 600 of the ventilation hub cavern A2 is completed, immediately construct the polygonal steel frame 212 and the inscribed circular steel beam A213 at the intersection of the ventilation hub cavern A2 and the exhaust shaft 3. Then, construct the initial support layer 211 at the upper step arc-shaped side 600, and ensure that the top of the initial support layer 211 is firmly welded to the polygonal steel frame 212 and the inscribed circular steel beam A213, and ensure that the initial support layer 211 sits on the rock surface of the upper step. Then, construct the foot anchor bolts to lock the arch foot of the initial support layer 211 at the upper step arc-shaped side 600.

[0071] Step C: Install system anchor bolts within a 600mm range on the arc-shaped side of the upper step, and spray concrete onto the arc-shaped excavation surface of the upper step to form a protective structure;

[0072] Step D: After the shotcrete reaches the design strength, remove rock pillar 8;

[0073] Step E: Excavate the middle and lower steps of the ventilation hub chamber A2, and gradually complete the construction of the middle and lower parts of the initial support layer 211 from top to bottom.

[0074] By adopting the spherical excavation method with reserved core soil, the rock column 8 directly below the ventilation shaft 3 can be better reserved as a temporary support structure, thereby effectively reducing the risk of arch collapse during the excavation of large-sized caverns.

[0075] The method for constructing the ventilation shaft 3 in step two includes the following steps:

[0076] Step a: Excavate a foundation pit at the top of the mountain 100, covering the distribution range of the decentralized ventilation structure 32.

[0077] Step b: Excavate the centralized ventilation duct section 31 at the bottom of the foundation pit using the reverse shaft method until the centralized ventilation duct section 31 is connected to the ventilation hub chamber A2. After excavation, immediately construct the initial support for the centralized ventilation duct section 31.

[0078] Step c: Construct the concrete lining structure of the centralized ventilation duct section 31 from bottom to top.

[0079] Step d: Construct the zigzag-shaped air duct 321 in the foundation pit, then construct the explosion-proof plate 322 and the backfill covering layer 323 in sequence, and finally plant trees around the zigzag-shaped air duct 321.

[0080] The exhaust shaft 3 is constructed using the reverse shaft method. The excavated material can be directly slid down to the ventilation hub chamber A2 through the pre-constructed borehole channel, which facilitates the rapid transportation of the excavated material. Groundwater that gushes out during the construction of the exhaust shaft 3 can also seep down through the borehole channel, reducing the construction risk of the exhaust shaft 3. In addition, under the action of pressure difference, the airflow can naturally flow into the exhaust shaft 3 through the data tunnel 1, the ventilation hub chamber A2 and the borehole channel, and then be discharged upwards, which is beneficial to the construction ventilation during the excavation of the exhaust shaft 3.

[0081] The method for constructing the internal structure of ventilation hub chamber A2 in step five includes the following steps:

[0082] Step 1: Construct the fire extinguishing gas storage chamber 23 at the bottom inside the cavern support structure 21, and install the gas replenishment pipeline;

[0083] Step 2: Construct the air duct 24, and then install the axial flow fan 7 between the air duct 24 and the centralized air duct section 31;

[0084] Step 3: Construct the base plate of equipment compartment 22.

Claims

1. A shaft exhaust system for a radiated vault data center, comprising: The vertical shaft exhaust system (200) is arranged in the mountain (100), and the vertical shaft exhaust system (200) comprises a ventilation hub chamber A (2) and an exhaust vertical shaft (3), the exhaust vertical shaft (3) comprises a centralized air duct section (31) and a decentralized exhaust structure (32), the lower end of the centralized air duct section (31) is connected with the ventilation hub chamber A (2), and the decentralized exhaust structure (32) is connected with the upper end of the centralized air duct section (31) and communicates with the top of the mountain (100).

2. The shaft exhaust system for a radiation-shaped cave data center of claim 1, wherein: The ventilation hub chamber A (2) comprises a chamber support structure (21) and a wind guide pipe (24), the top of the inner side of the chamber support structure (21) is provided with an equipment bin (22), the bottom of the inner side of the chamber support structure (21) is provided with a fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23), and the wind guide pipe (24) is located on the inner side of the chamber support structure (21), the lower end of the wind guide pipe (24) is connected with the top plate of the fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23), and the upper end of the wind guide pipe (24) extends into the equipment bin (22).

3. The shaft exhaust system for a radiation-shaped cave data center of claim 2, wherein: The chamber support structure (21) is in an elliptical spherical shape and comprises a primary support layer (211) and a secondary lining layer arranged on the inner side of the primary support layer (211), and the primary support layer (211) is an elliptical spherical steel arch structure.

4. The shaft exhaust system for a radiation-based cave data center of claim 2, wherein: The fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23) is provided with non-combustible gas, and the non-combustible gas is nitrogen, argon or IG541 mixed gas.

5. The shaft exhaust system for a radiation-shaped cave data center of claim 2, wherein: A plurality of air inlets (241) are uniformly arranged on the wind guide pipe (24) in the circumferential direction, the air inlets (241) are located between the equipment bin (22) and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23), and air doors are arranged at the air inlets (241); The shape and size of the outer wall of the wind guide pipe (24) between the top of the air inlets (241) and the fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23) gradually expand from top to bottom.

6. The shaft exhaust system for a radiation-based cave data center of claim 2, wherein: The mountain (100) is also provided with a gas supplement pipeline, one end of the gas supplement pipeline is connected with the fire extinguishing gas storage bin (23), the other end of the gas supplement pipeline extends out of the mountain (100), and the other end is provided with a gas pipeline switch.

7. The shaft exhaust system for a radiation-based cave data center of claim 2, wherein: The lower part of the centralized air duct section (31) is connected with the top of the chamber support structure (21), and the lower end of the centralized air duct section (31) extends into the equipment bin (22) and is connected with the upper end of the wind guide pipe (24) through an axial flow fan (7).

8. The shaft exhaust system for a radiation-based cave data center of claim 3, wherein: A polygonal steel frame (212) is arranged on the primary support layer (211) at the connection position of the primary support layer (211) and the centralized air duct section (31), and an inscribed circular steel beam A (213) is arranged on the inner side of the polygonal steel frame (212).

9. The shaft exhaust system for a radiation-based cave data center of claim 8, wherein: A plurality of ventilation hub chambers B (9) are arranged in the middle part of the centralized air duct section (31) and expand outward, a falling prevention net (500) is arranged in the range of 1m below each ventilation hub chamber B (9) in the centralized air duct section (31), and an axial flow fan (7) is arranged on the upper side of each ventilation hub chamber B (9); The ventilation hub chamber B (9) is provided with a steel arch, and the steel arch comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged annular arches (91), and the plurality of annular arches (91) are connected together through a plurality of vertical connecting arches (92).

10. The shaft exhaust system for a radiation-based cave data center of claim 1, wherein: The distributed exhaust structure (32) comprises an explosion-proof plate (322), a backfill cover layer (323) and a plurality of zigzag air ducts (321), the explosion-proof plate (322) is arranged in the mountain (100) and located directly above the centralized air duct section (31), the backfill cover layer (323) is arranged on the explosion-proof plate (322), one end of each of the plurality of zigzag air ducts (321) is communicated with the upper end of the centralized air duct section (31), and the other end is exposed on the top of the mountain (100) as an exhaust port and irregularly distributed around the centralized air duct section (31); The explosion-proof plate (322) is buried in the mountain (100) to a depth of not less than 5 m; Trees are planted around the zigzag air ducts (321) on the top of the mountain (100).

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