Vertical casting mold for tensile test bar
By designing vertically arranged test bar cavities and inclined flow channels, the problem that traditional casting methods cannot test radial mechanical properties was solved, thereby improving the surface quality and mechanical properties of the cast bars and reducing casting defects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520059851.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional casting methods cannot effectively test the radial mechanical properties of casting materials, and horizontal pouring can easily lead to surface defects and internal quality problems in the cast rod.
A vertical casting mold for tensile test bars is designed, which adopts a vertically arranged test bar cavity, inclined flow channel, buffer cavity and ingate structure to simulate the bottom injection filling process of molten metal. The inclined flow channel and buffer cavity reduce the flow rate of molten metal to avoid turbulence and splashing, and the ingate controls the inflow speed.
It improves the accuracy of surface quality and mechanical property testing of cast rods, significantly reduces casting defects, and the test results are more consistent with actual production conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN223926092U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of aluminium alloy casting technology, more particularly, it is especially related to a tensile test bar vertical pouring mold. BACKGROUND
[0002] In modern industrial production, the performance testing of casting materials is of great importance, especially the accurate evaluation of the mechanical properties of cast parts. Traditional testing methods usually involve cutting tensile test pieces or test bars in different orientations to test the mechanical properties of cast parts in the normal or axial direction. However, due to the anisotropic properties of casting materials, i.e. the mechanical properties of materials in different directions may differ significantly, the traditional testing methods often cannot fully reflect the performance of materials in actual application. Especially in the aspect of radial mechanical property testing, the existing technology has obvious limitations.
[0003] In the casting process, the flow characteristics of the liquid metal, the filling process and the subsequent solidification shrinkage have a direct impact on the quality of the casting. In traditional casting processes, the test bar is usually horizontally poured, which mainly tests the performance of the material in the axial direction, but cannot effectively simulate the bottom filling process of the liquid metal in actual production. In addition, horizontal pouring may also cause defects such as turbulence and splashing on the surface of the test bar, as well as internal shrinkage and porosity, which seriously affect the surface quality and internal structure uniformity of the test bar.
[0004] In order to overcome these problems, a new type of mold is needed, which can realize the vertical pouring of the tensile test bar to better simulate the bottom filling process of the liquid metal and test the mechanical properties of the material in the radial direction. The design of such a mold needs to take into account the flowability, filling stability and solidification shrinkage characteristics of the liquid metal to ensure the optimization of the surface quality and internal structure of the test bar. Therefore, the development of a tensile test bar vertical pouring mold that can effectively test the radial mechanical properties of casting materials is of great significance to improve the quality and efficiency of the casting process. SUMMARY
[0005] The utility model aims at providing a tensile test bar vertical pouring mold to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which can facilitate the testing of the mechanical properties of the casting material in the radial direction by vertically arranging the test bar cavity, and is provided with an inclined runner, a buffer cavity and an inner gate, which can reduce casting defects and improve the performance of the test bar.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following scheme: the utility model provides a kind of tensile test bar vertical casting mould, including the upper die and lower die of separate arrangement, the upper die and the lower die are mutually buckled, the upper die and the lower die are provided with test bar cavity, buffer cavity and inclined runner, the test bar cavity is vertically arranged in the upper die and the lower die, the test bar cavity bottom is connected with inner gate, the inner gate is connected with the buffer cavity, the buffer cavity is horizontally arranged in the upper die and the lower die, the buffer cavity other side is connected with the inclined runner, the inclined runner is obliquely arranged in the upper die and the lower die.
[0007] According to the vertical casting mould of the tensile test bar provided by the utility model, the test bar cavity top is connected with a riser, and the riser is located at the top of the upper die and the lower die.
[0008] According to the vertical casting mould of the tensile test bar provided by the utility model, the inclined runner top is connected with a pouring gate, and the pouring gate is located at the other side of the top of the upper die and the lower die.
[0009] According to the vertical casting mould of the tensile test bar provided by the utility model, the upper die and the lower die are connected by a connecting piece.
[0010] According to the vertical casting mould of the tensile test bar provided by the utility model, the connecting piece comprises a positioning pin and a bolt, and the upper die and the lower die are fixed by the positioning pin and the bolt.
[0011] The utility model discloses the following technical effects:
[0012] In the device, the test bar cavity is vertically arranged in the upper die and the lower die, so that the mechanical properties of casting material in the radial direction can be effectively tested, the inclined runner is arranged, the metal liquid flows more smoothly through the inclined runner, the impact on the mold is reduced, the flow rate is reduced, the generation of turbulence and splashing is reduced, the buffer cavity is connected to the inclined runner, the buffer cavity can further reduce the flow rate of metal liquid, turbulence and splashing are avoided, and metal liquid is stored to ensure the continuity of mold filling, the inner gate is connected between the buffer cavity and the test bar cavity, the inner gate stably guides the metal liquid from the inclined runner to the test bar cavity, so as to form a casting. Through the unique design, the radial mechanical properties of the casting material can be effectively tested, and the accuracy of the surface quality and mechanical property test of the casting rod is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating labor.
[0014] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure inside the mold of the present application;
[0015] Figure 2 Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure inside the mold of the present application;
[0016] 1, pouring gate; 2, inclined sprue; 3, buffer cavity; 4, inner gate; 5, test bar cavity; 6, riser; 7, upper mold; 8, lower mold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be apparently and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.
[0018] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0019] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present application provides a vertical pouring mold for a tensile test bar, which comprises a vertically arranged test bar cavity 5, a buffer cavity 3 and an inclined sprue 2 arranged in the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8. The test bar cavity 5 is vertically arranged in the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8, and the test bar cavity 5 is connected with the inner gate 4 at the bottom. The inner gate 4 is connected with the buffer cavity 3, and the buffer cavity 3 is horizontally arranged in the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8. The buffer cavity 3 is connected with the inclined sprue 2 at the other side, and the inclined sprue 2 is obliquely arranged in the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8.
[0020] The test bar cavity 5 is vertically arranged in the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8, which can better test the radial mechanical properties of the material. The test bar cavity 5 is connected with the buffer cavity 3 at the bottom through the inner gate 4. The buffer cavity 3 can reduce the flow rate of the metal liquid, avoid turbulence and splashing, and store the metal liquid to ensure the continuity of the filling. The buffer cavity 3 is connected with the inclined sprue 2 at the other end, and the inclined sprue 2 is obliquely arranged in the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8. The metal liquid flows more smoothly through the inclined sprue, which reduces the impact on the mold, reduces the flow rate, and reduces the generation of turbulence and splashing.
[0021] The inclined sprue 2 is connected with the pouring gate 1 at the top. After the metal liquid flows into the inclined sprue from the pouring gate 1, the flow rate of the metal liquid gradually decreases due to the inclination angle of the inclined sprue, thereby reducing the impact of the metal liquid on the mold. At the same time, the length and shape of the inclined sprue can be adjusted according to actual needs to ensure that the metal liquid can flow smoothly into the buffer cavity 3.
[0022] The buffer cavity 3 is horizontally arranged in the upper die 7 and the lower die 8. The buffer cavity 3 functions to stabilize the filling of the metal liquid. After the metal liquid flows into the buffer cavity 3 from the inclined runner, the buffer cavity 3 has a large volume, which can further reduce the flow rate of the metal liquid, thereby avoiding turbulence and splashing of the metal liquid during the filling process. In addition, the buffer cavity 3 can also function to store the metal liquid. When there is a temporary interruption in the filling process, the metal liquid in the buffer cavity 3 can continue to flow into the test bar cavity 5, ensuring the continuity of the filling process.
[0023] The other side of the buffer cavity 3 is connected with the ingate 4, the ingate 4 is connected with the test bar cavity 5, the ingate 4 is connected at the bottom of the test bar cavity 5, and the ingate 4 is a channel connecting the inclined runner and the test bar cavity 5. The ingate 4 is responsible for smoothly guiding the metal liquid from the inclined runner into the test bar cavity 5 to form the casting. The design of the ingate 4 can control the speed of the metal liquid flowing into the test bar cavity 5 to ensure the stability of the filling process and avoid turbulence and splashing caused by excessive flow rate. At the same time, it helps to reduce the direct impact of the metal liquid on the test bar cavity 5, reducing the risk of oxidation inclusions and pores that may occur during the filling process. The ingate 4 is located behind the buffer cavity 3, which can further slow down the flow rate of the metal liquid and play a buffering role. The metal liquid first flows into the buffer cavity 3, then slowly flows from the buffer cavity 3 into the ingate 4, and then enters the test bar cavity 5 through the ingate 4, which can reduce the direct impact of the metal liquid on the test bar cavity 5 wall. During the filling of the test bar cavity 5, the design of the ingate 4 allows gas to rise to the top of the mold. Since gas is lighter than metal liquid, it will naturally float upwards. The design of the ingate 4 ensures that the gas can smoothly pass through and rise to the top of the mold or the gas collection area.
[0024] In the traditional casting process, the tensile test bar is usually horizontally cast, and such tests mainly reflect the performance of the material in the axial direction. However, due to the anisotropy of the casting material, there may be a large difference between the axial and normal mechanical properties, which makes it difficult for the prior art to effectively test the mechanical properties of the casting material in the radial direction. In order to make the mechanical properties of the test bar test more in line with the actual production situation, it is necessary to simulate the bottom pouring process of the metal liquid. In actual production, parts are usually filled under the action of gravity, and the traditional horizontal casting test bar cannot simulate this condition.
[0025] In the present device, the test bar is vertically cast to simulate the bottom pouring process of the metal liquid, so that the test bar receives a similar gravitational force during solidification as the parts in actual production, thereby better simulating the bottom pouring process of the metal liquid and making the mechanical properties of the test bar test more in line with the actual product meridian mechanical properties.
[0026] The top end of the test bar cavity 5 is connected with a riser 6, which is located on the other side of the top of the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8. The shape of the riser 6 is designed to facilitate sawing and has good feeding effect on the stretched test bar. The shape of the riser 6 can be designed according to actual needs, which is generally cylindrical or conical. The height and diameter of the riser 6 can also be adjusted according to the size of the test bar and the casting process. During the casting process, the metal liquid in the riser 6 can feed the test bar when it solidifies and shrinks, thereby reducing defects such as shrinkage holes and shrinkage porosity in the test bar.
[0027] According to the size and shape of the stretched test bar, the structure of the mold is designed. The size and position of the upper mold 7, the lower mold 8, the cavity, the test bar cavity 5, the ingate 4, the buffer cavity 3, the inclined runner and the riser 6 are determined.
[0028] The upper mold 7, the lower mold 8, the pouring gate 1 and other mold parts are made by machining method. For the test bar cavity 5, the ingate 4, the buffer cavity 3, the inclined runner and the riser 6 and other complex-shaped parts, advanced machining methods such as electric spark machining and numerical control machining can be used. The assembled mold parts are assembled to ensure the fitting accuracy and sealing performance between the upper and lower molds 8.
[0029] The upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8 are fixed by connecting pieces, which include positioning pins and bolts. The positioning pin mounting holes and bolt holes are provided on the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8. The positioning pins and bolts penetrate the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8 and are fixed by nuts to complete the installation and fixation of the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8.
[0030] The use of the mold, first, the mold is preheated, before using the mold, the mold needs to be preheated. The purpose of preheating is to make the temperature of the mold reach the temperature required by the casting process, to avoid defects such as cold shut and insufficient pouring caused by low mold temperature during the filling process. The preheating method can use flame heating, electric heating and other ways. Then pour the metal liquid, pour the melted metal liquid into the pouring gate 1, the metal liquid flows into the test bar cavity 5 through the inclined runner, the buffer cavity 3 and the ingate 4. During pouring, attention should be paid to control the flow rate and flow of the metal liquid to avoid turbulence and splashing of the metal liquid. Then cooling and demolding, after the metal liquid solidifies in the test bar cavity 5, the mold needs to be cooled. The cooling method can use natural cooling, air cooling, water cooling and other ways. When the mold is cooled to a certain temperature, the upper mold 7 and the lower mold 8 can be opened, and the cast stretched test bar can be taken out. Finally, clean the mold, after taking out the stretched test bar, the mold needs to be cleaned. The purpose of cleaning is to remove the residual metal and impurities in the mold, to prepare for the next use. The cleaning method can use mechanical cleaning, chemical cleaning and other ways.
[0031] Notes: (a) When designing the mold structure, the fluidity and solidification shrinkage characteristics of the metal liquid should be fully considered to ensure that the mold can meet the requirements of the casting process. (b) When making mold parts, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of each part should be ensured to avoid affecting the performance of the mold due to the quality problems of the parts. (c) When assembling the mold, the fitting accuracy and sealing between each part should be ensured to avoid affecting the casting quality due to mold leakage. (d) When using the mold, strict operation according to the requirements of the casting process should be carried out to control the flow rate, flow, temperature and other parameters of the metal liquid, and avoid casting defects due to improper operation. (e) When cleaning the mold, safety should be paid attention to, and personal injury caused by improper cleaning method should be avoided.
[0032] The vertical pouring mold for tensile test bar provided by the application can make the metal liquid flow smoothly through the design of the inclined runner, buffer cavity 3 and riser 6, significantly reduce the casting defects of the tensile test bar, improve the surface quality of the cast bar, and well simulate the metal liquid bottom pouring filling process, so that the mechanical properties tested by the test bar are more in line with the actual production conditions.
[0033] Through the design of the inclined runner, buffer cavity 3 and riser 6, the metal liquid can flow smoothly during the filling process, avoiding the generation of turbulent flow and splashing. At the same time, the feeding effect of the riser 6 can reduce internal shrinkage and shrinkage porosity and other defects of the test bar, thereby significantly reducing the casting defects of the tensile test bar. The cast bar has good surface quality and few casting defects. Because the metal liquid flows smoothly, the surface of the cast bar will not have defects caused by turbulent flow and splashing. At the same time, the feeding effect of the riser 6 can make the internal structure of the test bar more compact, reducing the generation of casting defects. Therefore, the cast bar has good surface quality and few casting defects. The metal liquid bottom pouring filling process is well simulated, and the mechanical properties tested by the test bar are more in line with the actual production conditions. Through the vertical pouring test bar, the gravity acting on the test bar during the solidification process is similar to that of the parts in actual production, thereby better simulating the metal liquid bottom pouring filling process. The tested mechanical properties can better reflect the performance of the material in actual production, providing more accurate basis for the optimization and improvement of the casting process. The mold has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use and high casting quality, and has broad application prospects.
[0034] In the description of the utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.
[0035] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred modes of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application as defined by the claims.
Claims
1. A stretch bar test vertical mold comprising an upper mold (7) and a lower mold (8) disposed separately, the upper mold (7) and the lower mold (8) being engaged with each other, characterized in that, The upper die (7) and the lower die (8) are provided with a test bar cavity (5), a buffer cavity (3) and a inclined runner (2), the test bar cavity (5) is vertically arranged in the upper die (7) and the lower die (8), the bottom of the test bar cavity (5) is connected with an inner gate (4), the inner gate (4) is communicated with the buffer cavity (3), the buffer cavity (3) is horizontally arranged in the upper die (7) and the lower die (8), the other side of the buffer cavity (3) is communicated with the inclined runner (2), and the inclined runner (2) is obliquely arranged in the upper die (7) and the lower die (8).
2. The tensile test bar vertical casting mold according to claim 1, characterized by: The top of the test bar cavity (5) is connected with a riser (6), and the riser (6) is located at the top of the upper die (7) and the lower die (8).
3. The tensile test bar vertical casting mold of claim 1, wherein: The top of the inclined runner (2) is connected with a pouring gate (1), and the pouring gate (1) is located at the other side of the top of the upper die (7) and the lower die (8).
4. The tensile test bar vertical casting mold of claim 1, wherein: The upper die (7) and the lower die (8) are connected through a connecting piece.
5. The tensile test bar vertical casting mold of claim 4, wherein: The connecting piece comprises a positioning pin and a bolt, and the upper die (7) and the lower die (8) are fixed through the positioning pin and the bolt.