Hood opening and closing mechanism, headstock and railway vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hood opening and closing mechanism, a vehicle head and a rail vehicle, and relates to the technical field of rail traffic, at least two first connecting devices are arranged between a fixed hood and a first hood body of the hood opening and closing mechanism, and the first connecting devices are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed hood; the first driving device drives the first cover body to move back relative to the fixed cover; at least two second connecting devices are arranged between the first cover body and the second cover body, the second connecting devices are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixing cover, and the second cover body is driven by a second driving device to rotate relative to the first cover body to be opened. According to the hood opening and closing mechanism, the design of layered driving and symmetrical connecting devices is adopted, the problem that opening and closing actions of a flat type head type train hood are difficult to achieve is effectively solved, it is ensured that the hood can be smoothly opened and closed in a limited space, and therefore the functional requirements for coupling and traction of a train are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to a headgear opening and closing mechanism, a train head, and a rail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In the design of high-speed trains, the headliner is an important component of the train's front end. Its main functions include reducing wind resistance, preventing foreign objects from entering, and enabling coupling and traction of the train couplers. Traditional headliner opening and closing mechanisms mostly use left and right rotation to achieve the opening and closing action. This structure is relatively simple in terms of space utilization and motion trajectory design.

[0003] With the diversification of train head designs, especially the emergence of flat-head designs, traditional left-right rotating headgear technology has gradually revealed its limitations in terms of spatial arrangement and operational feasibility. For trains like the CR450 km / h EMU, which employ a flat structure, the front of the car body is relatively wide and features an anti-climbing energy-absorbing device. This makes it difficult to spatially arrange traditional left-right rotating headgear technology, and the single rotational motion cannot meet the requirements for opening and closing the headgear. Existing opening and closing mechanisms cannot effectively avoid the front anti-climbing energy-absorbing device when dealing with this type of flat headgear, resulting in difficulties in smoothly opening and closing the headgear, which in turn affects the train's coupling and traction functions. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a headgear opening and closing mechanism. By adopting a layered drive and symmetrical connection device design, it effectively solves the problem of the difficulty in realizing the opening and closing action of the headgear of flat-head trains, ensuring that the headgear can be opened and closed smoothly in a limited space, thereby meeting the functional requirements of train coupling and traction. Another purpose of this application is to provide a locomotive head and rail vehicle.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a headgear opening and closing mechanism, including a fixed cover, a first cover body, a second cover body, a first driving device, and a second driving device.

[0006] At least two first connecting devices are provided between the fixed cover and the first cover body. The first connecting devices are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed cover. The first driving device is connected to the first cover body and / or at least one of the first connecting devices. The first driving device drives the first cover body to move back relative to the fixed cover.

[0007] At least two second connecting devices are provided between the first cover and the second cover. The second connecting devices are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed cover. The second driving device is connected to the second cover and / or at least one of the second connecting devices, and drives the second cover to rotate and open relative to the first cover through the second driving device.

[0008] In some embodiments, the hood opening and closing mechanism further includes:

[0009] The first reducer is connected to the output end of the first drive device;

[0010] The first clutch is connected to the output end of the first reducer, and the output end of the first clutch is connected to the first connecting device. The first clutch controls the coupling and decoupling of the first drive device and the first connecting device.

[0011] In some embodiments, the hood opening and closing mechanism further includes:

[0012] The second reducer is connected to the output end of the second drive device;

[0013] The second clutch is connected to the output end of the second reducer, and the output end of the second clutch is connected to the second connecting device. The second clutch controls the coupling and decoupling of the second drive device and the second connecting device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first connecting device includes:

[0015] Linear guide rail;

[0016] A linear track slider is disposed on the linear guide rail;

[0017] The first driving device includes:

[0018] First brake motor;

[0019] The ball screw is connected to the output terminal of the first brake motor;

[0020] A ball screw nut slider is provided on the ball screw.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first driving device further includes:

[0022] At least two optical axes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ball screw;

[0023] A self-lubricating linear bearing is disposed between the lead screw nut slider and the optical axis.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first cover is provided with a first connecting seat and a second connecting seat, and the second cover is provided with a third connecting seat and a fourth connecting seat; the second connecting device includes:

[0025] The first link is hinged to the first connecting seat;

[0026] The second link is hinged to the first link, and the second link is also hinged to the third connecting seat;

[0027] The third link is hinged to the fourth connecting seat, and the third link is also hinged to the first link;

[0028] The fourth link is hinged to the second connecting seat, and the fourth link is also hinged to the third link. The hinge point of the third link and the first link is located between the hinge point of the third link and the fourth connecting seat and the hinge point of the third link and the fourth link.

[0029] In some embodiments, the second driving device includes:

[0030] The output end of the second brake motor is connected to the fourth link.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first hood includes a first upper hood and a first lower hood, and the second hood includes a second upper hood and a second lower hood, wherein the second upper hood and the second lower hood rotate in opposite directions.

[0032] This application also provides a vehicle front end, including the aforementioned hood opening and closing mechanism.

[0033] This application also provides a rail vehicle, including the aforementioned locomotive.

[0034] Compared to the aforementioned background technology, the headgear opening and closing mechanism provided in this application mainly includes a fixed cover, a first cover body, a second cover body, a first driving device, and a second driving device; at least two first connecting devices are provided between the fixed cover and the first cover body, the first connecting devices are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed cover, and the first driving device is connected to the first cover body and / or at least one first connecting device, thereby driving the first cover body to move back relative to the fixed cover; at least two second connecting devices are provided between the first cover body and the second cover body, the second connecting devices are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed cover, and the second driving device is connected to the second cover body and / or at least one second connecting device, thereby driving the second cover body to rotate and open relative to the first cover body.

[0035] In the design of high-speed trains, with the increase in train speed and the diversification of train head designs, especially the emergence of flat-head designs, traditional headgear opening and closing mechanisms face numerous challenges. Flat-head trains have a wider front end and incorporate anti-climb energy-absorbing devices, making traditional left-right rotating headgear technology difficult to adapt to in terms of spatial arrangement and movement. Specifically, the traditional single-rotation motion cannot effectively avoid the front anti-climb energy-absorbing devices, resulting in difficulties in smoothly opening and closing the headgear, which in turn affects the train's coupling and traction functions.

[0036] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides an innovative headgear opening and closing mechanism. This mechanism mainly includes a fixed cover, a first cover body, a second cover body, a first driving device, and a second driving device. At least two first connecting devices are provided between the fixed cover and the first cover body. These connecting devices are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed cover, ensuring the stability and symmetry of the headgear during movement. The first driving device is connected to the first cover body and / or at least one of the first connecting devices. Through the action of the first driving device, the first cover body can be driven to move and retract relative to the fixed cover. This design cleverly utilizes the principle of layered driving, decomposing the opening and closing action of the headgear into multiple steps, thereby avoiding the spatial limitations caused by a single rotational motion.

[0037] Furthermore, at least two second connecting devices are provided between the first and second covers, and these connecting devices are also symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed cover. A second driving device is connected to the second cover and / or at least one second connecting device, and through the action of the second driving device, the second cover can be driven to rotate and open relative to the first cover. This layered driving and symmetrical connection design not only effectively utilizes limited space but also ensures that the head cover's movement during opening and closing is smoother and more reliable.

[0038] In operation, the hood opening and closing mechanism operates as follows: First, the second drive unit activates, causing the second hood to rotate relative to the first hood via the second connecting device, gradually opening the second hood from a closed state to a certain degree of openness. Then, the first drive unit operates, driving the first hood to move backward relative to the fixed hood via the first connecting device. During this process, due to the connection between the first and second hoods, the movement of the first hood causes the second hood to move back into the fixed hood along with it. Finally, the first and second hoods retract as a whole, providing sufficient space for coupling and traction operations, ensuring the smooth operation of train coupling and traction.

[0039] Through the above design, the headgear opening and closing mechanism of this application effectively solves the problem of the difficulty in realizing the opening and closing action of the headgear of flat-head trains. The layered drive design makes the opening and closing action of the headgear more flexible and can avoid the limitations of the front anti-climb energy absorption device; while the setting of the symmetrical connection device further improves the stability and reliability of the headgear during movement. Ultimately, this mechanism ensures that the headgear can be opened and closed smoothly in a limited space, thereby meeting the functional requirements of train coupling and traction.

[0040] Based on the above structural and process descriptions, it can be seen that the headgear opening and closing mechanism has at least the following beneficial effects: By adopting a layered drive and symmetrical connection device design, the headgear opening and closing mechanism effectively solves the problem of the difficulty in realizing the opening and closing action of the headgear of flat-head trains, ensuring that the headgear can be opened and closed smoothly in a limited space, thereby meeting the functional requirements of train coupling and traction. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the headgear opening and closing mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a speed reducer and clutch provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the first connecting device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the first driving device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the second connecting device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the second driving device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 7 Another schematic diagram of the second driving device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0049] in:

[0050] Headgear opening and closing mechanism 100

[0051] Fixing cover 1, fixing plate 101, motor support frame 102,

[0052] First cover 2, first connecting seat 21, second connecting seat 22

[0053] Second cover 3, third connecting seat 31, fourth connecting seat 32

[0054] First drive unit 4, first brake motor 41, ball screw 42, screw nut slider 43, optical shaft 44, self-lubricating linear bearing 45, connecting flange 46.

[0055] Second drive unit 5, second brake motor 51

[0056] First connecting device 6, linear guide rail 61, linear track slider 62.

[0057] Second connecting device 7, first connecting rod 71, second connecting rod 72, third connecting rod 73, fourth connecting rod 74

[0058] First reducer 8

[0059] First clutch 9, clutch housing 91, clutch base 92, input gear shaft 93, output gear shaft 94, clutch gear shaft 95. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0061] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the headgear opening and closing mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0063] In a first specific embodiment, the head cover opening and closing mechanism 100 provided in this application mainly includes a fixed cover 1, a first cover body 2, a second cover body 3, a first driving device 4, and a second driving device 5; at least two first connecting devices 6 are provided between the fixed cover 1 and the first cover body 2, and the first connecting devices 6 are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed cover 1; the first driving device 4 is connected to the first cover body 2 and / or at least one first connecting device 6, and drives the first cover body 2 to move back relative to the fixed cover 1 through the first driving device 4; at least two second connecting devices 7 are provided between the first cover body 2 and the second cover body 3, and the second connecting devices 7 are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed cover 1; the second driving device 5 is connected to the second cover body 3 and / or at least one second connecting device 7, and drives the second cover body 3 to rotate and open relative to the first cover body 2 through the second driving device 5.

[0064] It should be noted that the function of the first connecting device 6 is to restrict the relative movement between the fixed cover 1 and the first cover body 2. This movement is not limited to single-motion or compound-motion movements. The function of the second connecting device 7 is to restrict the relative rotation between the fixed cover 1 and the first cover body 2. This rotation is not limited to single-motion or compound-motion rotations. The first driving device 4 can be connected to the first cover body 2 or at least one first connecting device 6, as long as it can drive the movement of the first cover body 2. The second driving device 5 can be connected to the second cover body 3 or at least one second connecting device 7, as long as it can drive the movement of the second cover body 3.

[0065] In the design of high-speed trains, with the increase in train speed and the diversification of train head designs, especially the emergence of flat-head designs, traditional headgear opening and closing mechanisms face numerous challenges. Flat-head trains have a wider front end and incorporate anti-climb energy-absorbing devices, making traditional left-right rotating headgear technology difficult to adapt to in terms of spatial arrangement and movement. Specifically, the traditional single-rotation motion cannot effectively avoid the front anti-climb energy-absorbing devices, resulting in difficulties in smoothly opening and closing the headgear, which in turn affects the train's coupling and traction functions.

[0066] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides an innovative headgear opening and closing mechanism 100. This mechanism mainly includes a fixed cover 1, a first cover body 2, a second cover body 3, a first driving device 4, and a second driving device 5. At least two first connecting devices 6 are provided between the fixed cover 1 and the first cover body 2. These connecting devices 6 are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed cover 1, ensuring the stability and symmetry of the headgear during movement. The first driving device 4 is connected to the first cover body 2 and / or at least one first connecting device 6. Through the action of the first driving device 4, the first cover body 2 can be driven to move and retract relative to the fixed cover 1. This design cleverly utilizes the principle of layered driving, decomposing the opening and closing action of the headgear into multiple steps, thereby avoiding the spatial limitations caused by a single rotational motion.

[0067] Furthermore, at least two second connecting devices 7 are provided between the first cover 2 and the second cover 3, and these connecting devices 7 are also symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed cover 1. The second driving device 5 is connected to the second cover 3 and / or at least one of the second connecting devices 7. Through the action of the second driving device 5, the second cover 3 can be driven to rotate and open relative to the first cover 2. This layered driving and symmetrical connection design not only effectively utilizes the limited space, but also ensures that the head cover moves more smoothly and reliably during the opening and closing process.

[0068] In use, the operation of the head cover opening and closing mechanism 100 is as follows: First, the second drive device 5 is activated, driving the second cover 3 to rotate and open relative to the first cover 2 via the second connecting device 7, causing the second cover 3 to gradually unfold from a closed state to form a certain opening. Subsequently, the first drive device 4 starts working, driving the first cover 2 to move backward relative to the fixed cover 1 via the first connecting device 6. During this process, since there is a connection between the first cover 2 and the second cover 3, the movement of the first cover 2 will drive the second cover 3 to move backward together into the fixed cover 1. Finally, the first cover 2 and the second cover 3 are moved backward as a whole, thus exposing sufficient space for the coupling and traction operations of the coupler, ensuring that the coupling and traction functions of the train can be smoothly realized.

[0069] Through the above design, the headgear opening and closing mechanism 100 of this application effectively solves the problem of the difficulty in realizing the opening and closing action of the headgear of flat-head trains. The layered drive design makes the opening and closing action of the headgear more flexible and can avoid the limitations of the front anti-climb energy absorption device; while the setting of the symmetrical connection device further improves the stability and reliability of the headgear during movement. Ultimately, this mechanism ensures that the headgear can be opened and closed smoothly in a limited space, thereby meeting the functional requirements of train coupling and traction.

[0070] Based on the above structural and process descriptions, it can be seen that the headgear opening and closing mechanism 100 has at least the following beneficial effects: By adopting a layered drive and symmetrical connection device design, the headgear opening and closing mechanism 100 effectively solves the problem of the difficulty in realizing the opening and closing action of the headgear of a flat-head train, ensuring that the headgear can be opened and closed smoothly in a limited space, thereby meeting the functional requirements of train coupling and traction.

[0071] In some cases, taking the installation of the hood opening and closing mechanism 100 at the front of the vehicle as an example, in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the front of the vehicle is located at the end of the vehicle, not limited to the front and rear ends. The hood opening and closing mechanism 100 is located at the end of the front of the vehicle. When the front of the vehicle is located at the front end, the hood opening and closing mechanism 100 is located at the front end of the vehicle; when the front of the vehicle is located at the rear end, the hood opening and closing mechanism 100 is located at the rear end of the vehicle. Taking two first connecting devices 6 as an example, the two first connecting devices 6 are symmetrically arranged in the left-right direction of the vehicle; taking two second connecting devices 7 as an example, the two second connecting devices 7 are symmetrically arranged in the left-right direction of the vehicle.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first cover 2 includes a first upper head cover and a first lower head cover, and the second cover 3 includes a second upper head cover and a second lower head cover, with the second upper head cover and the second lower head cover rotating in opposite directions.

[0073] In this embodiment, the headgear opening and closing mechanism 100 is divided into two parts in the vertical direction of the vehicle. The first upper headgear and the second upper headgear located at the top form the upper headgear assembly, and the first lower headgear and the second lower headgear located at the bottom form the lower headgear assembly. The upper headgear assembly and the lower headgear assembly can be opened and closed in the vertical direction on the fixed cover 1. Taking the opening process as an example, the upper headgear assembly flips upward and moves backward diagonally, and the lower headgear assembly flips downward and moves backward diagonally.

[0074] Specifically, for the head cover assembly, the first head cover is connected to the fixed cover 1 via at least two symmetrically arranged first connecting devices 6, and the head cover assembly is equipped with a first driving device 4 to drive the first head cover to move back relative to the fixed cover 1; the second head cover is connected to the first head cover via at least two symmetrically arranged second connecting devices 7, and the head cover assembly is equipped with a second driving device 5 to drive the second head cover to rotate and open relative to the first head cover.

[0075] The lower head cover assembly is arranged similarly to the upper head cover assembly; the first lower head cover is connected to the fixed cover 1 via at least two symmetrically arranged first connecting devices 6, and the upper head cover assembly is equipped with a first driving device 4 to drive the first lower head cover to move back relative to the fixed cover 1; the second lower head cover is connected to the first lower head cover via at least two symmetrically arranged second connecting devices 7, and the upper head cover assembly is equipped with a second driving device 5 to drive the second lower head cover to rotate and open relative to the first lower head cover.

[0076] In this embodiment, the upper headgear assembly is located above the lower headgear assembly. The first connecting device 6 in the upper headgear assembly is arranged symmetrically on both sides above the lower headgear assembly, and the second connecting device 7 is also arranged symmetrically on both sides above the lower headgear assembly. The first connecting device 6 in the lower headgear assembly is arranged symmetrically on both sides below the upper headgear assembly, and the second connecting device 7 is also arranged symmetrically on both sides below the upper headgear assembly.

[0077] In some cases, a first sensor can be installed on the first upper head cover and a second sensor can be installed on the first lower head cover. The status of the first upper head cover and the first lower head cover can be detected by the first sensor and the second sensor.

[0078] In this embodiment, the headgear opening and closing mechanism 100 further optimizes its monitoring function. By setting a first sensor on the first upper headgear and a second sensor on the first lower headgear, the status of the first upper headgear and the first lower headgear can be detected in real time. This design provides more comprehensive monitoring and safety assurance for the operation of the headgear opening and closing mechanism.

[0079] Specifically, the first and second sensors can be used to detect various status information of the headgear, such as position, angle, and speed. Through these sensors, the system can acquire the real-time motion status of the upper and lower headgear, thereby achieving more precise control and fault diagnosis. For example, when the sensors detect that the headgear is not moving as expected, the system can promptly issue an alarm and take corresponding measures to avoid safety issues caused by headgear malfunction.

[0080] Furthermore, the introduction of sensors can work in conjunction with the drive mechanism of the hood opening and closing mechanism to further enhance the system's intelligence. For example, when the sensor detects that the hood is approaching the target position, the drive mechanism can automatically adjust its speed to achieve a smooth stop. This intelligent design not only improves the operating efficiency of the hood opening and closing mechanism but also enhances its adaptability and reliability under complex working conditions.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a speed reducer and clutch provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0082] In some embodiments, the hood opening and closing mechanism 100 further includes:

[0083] The first reducer 8 is connected to the output end of the first drive device 4;

[0084] The first clutch 9 is connected to the output end of the first reducer 8. The output end of the first clutch 9 is connected to the first connecting device 6. The first clutch 9 controls the coupling and decoupling of the first drive device 4 and the first connecting device 6.

[0085] In this embodiment, the hood opening and closing mechanism 100 further optimizes the function and reliability of the drive device by introducing a first reducer 8 and a first clutch 9. This design not only improves the performance of the mechanism under normal operating conditions but also provides an effective solution for emergency situations.

[0086] Specifically, the first reducer 8 is connected to the output end of the first drive device 4. Its main function is to reduce the rotational speed and increase the torque, thereby providing a more stable power output for the movement of the first housing 2. This reduction mechanism ensures that the movement and retraction of the first housing 2 are smoother and more precise under complex working conditions. At the same time, the presence of the first reducer 8 also provides the necessary mechanical basis for subsequent clutch operation.

[0087] The first clutch 9 is connected between the output end of the first reducer 8 and the first connecting device 6. By controlling the first clutch 9, coupling and decoupling between the first drive device 4 and the first connecting device 6 can be achieved. Under normal operating conditions, the power of the first drive device 4 is transmitted to the first clutch 9 through the first reducer 8, thereby driving the first housing 2 to perform a predetermined movement. At this time, the first clutch 9 is in a coupled state, ensuring continuous power transmission.

[0088] When the system loses power, the first clutch 9 remains engaged, the first drive unit 4 is locked, and the first reducer 8 and the first clutch 9 are also locked. This design allows the position of the first cover 2 to be fixed, preventing uncontrolled movement of the cover due to unexpected situations, thereby ensuring train safety. This power-off self-locking function is crucial for the stability and safety of the train in emergency situations.

[0089] Furthermore, when the position of the first cover 2 needs to be manually adjusted, it can be decoupled from the first connecting device 6 by operating the first clutch 9. At this time, the power transmission of the first drive device 4 is cut off, and the position of the first cover 2 can be adjusted manually. This manual adjustment function provides the train with additional operational flexibility in special circumstances, ensuring that the cover opening and closing mechanism 100 can meet the needs of train operation under any circumstances.

[0090] In some embodiments, the hood opening and closing mechanism 100 further includes:

[0091] The second reducer is connected to the output end of the second drive device 5;

[0092] The second clutch is connected to the output end of the second reducer, and the output end of the second clutch is connected to the second connecting device 7. The second clutch controls the coupling and decoupling of the second drive device 5 and the second connecting device 7.

[0093] In this embodiment, the headgear opening and closing mechanism 100 further expands the function of its drive device by introducing a second reducer and a second clutch, providing the second drive device 5 and its related components with a triple control mechanism of drive device, deceleration, and clutch similar to that of the first drive device 4.

[0094] Specifically, the second reducer is connected to the output end of the second drive device 5, and its function is similar to that of the first reducer 8, mainly to reduce the rotational speed and increase the torque, thereby providing a more stable power output for the rotational opening action of the second cover 3. This reduction mechanism can ensure that the rotational action of the second cover 3 is smoother and more precise under complex working conditions, and also helps to improve the operating efficiency and reliability of the entire head cover opening and closing mechanism 100.

[0095] The second clutch connects the output end of the second reducer to the second connecting device 7. By controlling the second clutch, coupling and decoupling between the second drive device 5 and the second connecting device 7 can be achieved. Under normal operating conditions, the power of the second drive device 5 is transmitted to the second clutch through the second reducer, thereby driving the second cover 3 to rotate and open. At this time, the second clutch is in a coupled state, ensuring continuous power transmission so that the second cover 3 can move according to a predetermined trajectory and speed.

[0096] When manual operation of the second cover 3 is required, it can be decoupled from the second connecting device 7 by operating the second clutch. At this time, the power transmission of the second drive device 5 is cut off, and the position of the second cover 3 can be adjusted manually. This manual adjustment function provides the train with additional operational flexibility in special circumstances, ensuring that the cover opening and closing mechanism 100 can meet the needs of train operation under any circumstances, and also provides an effective solution for emergency situations.

[0097] In some embodiments, the structure of the first reducer 8 is similar to that of the second reducer, and the structure of the first clutch 9 is similar to that of the second clutch. The following description uses the first reducer 8 and the first clutch 9 as examples.

[0098] like Figure 2 As shown, the first clutch 9 includes a clutch housing 91 and a clutch base 92. The first reducer 8 and the clutch housing 91 are located on opposite sides of the clutch base 92. On the side of the clutch base 92 facing the clutch housing 91, an input gear shaft 93, an output gear shaft 94, and a clutch gear shaft 95 are provided. The input end of the first reducer 8 is connected to the output end of the first drive device 4. The input gear shaft 93 serves as the input end of the first clutch 9, and the output end of the first reducer 8 is drively connected to the input gear shaft 93. A speed-changing mechanism, such as a worm gear structure or a harmonic structure, exists between the input and output ends of the first reducer 8. The output gear shaft 94 serves as the output end of the first clutch 9 and is connected to the first connecting device 6. The clutch gear shaft 95 serves as the clutch control component in the first clutch 9. Located between the input gear shaft 93 and the output gear shaft 94, the clutch gear shaft 95 achieves motion coupling when simultaneously engaged with both the input and output gear shafts 93 and 94; and achieves motion decoupling when disengaged from both shafts. Optionally, the clutch gear shaft 95 is movable within the first clutch 9, allowing for changes in coupling and decoupling through pulling and altering its position.

[0099] Please refer to Figures 3 to 7 ,in, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first connecting device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first driving device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second connecting device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second driving device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 Another schematic diagram of the second driving device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first connecting device 6 includes:

[0101] Linear guide rail 61;

[0102] A linear track slider 62 is mounted on a linear guide rail 61;

[0103] The first driving device 4 includes:

[0104] First brake motor 41;

[0105] The ball screw 42 is connected to the output end of the first brake motor 41;

[0106] The lead screw nut slider 43 is located on the ball screw 42.

[0107] In this embodiment, the specific structures of the first connecting device 6 and the first driving device 4 of the head cover opening and closing mechanism 100 are further refined to achieve precise motion control of the first cover 2 relative to the fixed cover 1.

[0108] The first connecting device 6 includes a linear guide rail 61 and a linear track slider 62. The combination of the linear guide rail 61 and the linear track slider 62 provides a stable linear motion path for the first cover 2. This structure can be flexibly installed on either the fixed cover 1 or the first cover 2 to realize the movement of the first cover 2 relative to the fixed cover 1. As an optional implementation, the linear guide rail 61 is installed on the fixed cover 1, while the linear track slider 62 is connected to the first cover 2. This arrangement allows the first cover 2 to move smoothly along a predetermined trajectory under the guidance of the linear guide rail 61, thereby realizing its retraction or extension relative to the fixed cover 1.

[0109] The first drive device 4 includes a first brake motor 41, a ball screw 42, and a screw nut slider 43. The first brake motor 41 is mounted on the fixed cover 1, and its output end is connected to the ball screw 42. The rotation of the motor drives the ball screw 42 to rotate. The screw nut slider 43 is located on the ball screw 42 and is connected to the linear guide slider 62. When the first brake motor 41 is working, the rotation of the ball screw 42 is converted into linear motion through the screw nut slider 43, which in turn drives the linear guide slider 62 to move along the linear guide rail 61. This transmission method not only enables precise motion control, but also locks the position of the first cover 2 when needed through the brake function of the first brake motor 41, ensuring its stability under specific working conditions.

[0110] Through this design, the first connecting device 6 and the first driving device 4 work together to achieve smooth and precise movement of the first cover 2 relative to the fixed cover 1, while also having the function of locking the position when necessary, providing a strong guarantee for the overall performance of the head cover opening and closing mechanism 100.

[0111] In some cases, the fixed cover 1 is provided with a fixed plate 101 and a motor support frame 102. The first drive device 4 is installed through the fixed plate 101. For example, the motor support frame 102 is set on the fixed plate 101, and the first brake motor 41 of the first drive device 4 is installed on the motor support frame 102. In addition, the lead screw nut slider 43 is connected to the linear track slider 62 through the connecting flange 46.

[0112] In some embodiments, the first driving device 4 further includes:

[0113] At least two optical axes 44 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ball screw 42;

[0114] A self-lubricating linear bearing 45 is located between the lead screw nut slider 43 and the optical axis 44.

[0115] In this embodiment, the structure of the first drive device 4 is further optimized. By introducing at least two optical axes 44 and a self-lubricating linear bearing 45, the stability and operating accuracy of the system are improved.

[0116] Specifically, at least two optical axes 44 are added to the first drive device 4, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ball screw 42. This symmetrical arrangement not only enhances the structural stability of the entire drive device, but also provides additional guidance for the movement of the screw nut slider 43. The presence of the optical axes 44 enables the screw nut slider 43 to maintain a smoother linear motion when moving along the ball screw 42, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the movement of the first cover 2.

[0117] Furthermore, a self-lubricating linear bearing 45 is disposed between the lead screw nut slider 43 and the optical shaft 44. The use of the self-lubricating linear bearing 45 effectively reduces friction between the lead screw nut slider 43 and the optical shaft 44, reducing wear and extending the service life of the equipment. On the other hand, its self-lubricating properties eliminate the need for frequent lubrication during operation, reducing maintenance costs and improving system efficiency. This design ensures efficient operation of the first drive unit 4 while also enhancing its adaptability to complex working conditions.

[0118] By introducing the optical axis 44 and the self-lubricating linear bearing 45, the first drive device 4 is not only more structurally stable, but also achieves smoother and more efficient motion control during operation, further improving the overall performance and reliability of the headgear opening and closing mechanism 100.

[0119] In some embodiments, the first cover 2 is provided with a first connecting seat 21 and a second connecting seat 22, and the second cover 3 is provided with a third connecting seat 31 and a fourth connecting seat 32; the second connecting device 7 includes:

[0120] The first connecting rod 71 is hinged to the first connecting seat 21;

[0121] The second link 72 is hinged to the first link 71, and the second link 72 is also hinged to the third connecting seat 31;

[0122] The third link 73 is hinged to the fourth connecting seat 32, and the third link 73 is also hinged to the first link 71;

[0123] The fourth link 74 is hinged to the second connecting seat 22. The fourth link 74 is also hinged to the third link 73. The hinge point of the third link 73 and the first link 71 is located between the hinge point of the third link 73 and the fourth connecting seat 32 and the hinge point of the third link 73 and the fourth link 74.

[0124] In this embodiment, the second connecting device 7 of the hood opening and closing mechanism 100 adopts a complex linkage mechanism design to realize the rotational opening action of the second hood 3 relative to the first hood 2. This design ensures that the movement trajectory of the second hood 3 is accurate and stable through the coordinated movement of multiple linkages.

[0125] Specifically, the first cover 2 is provided with a first connecting seat 21 and a second connecting seat 22, while the second cover 3 is provided with a third connecting seat 31 and a fourth connecting seat 32. These connecting seats provide fulcrums for the installation and movement of the linkage mechanism. The second connecting device 7 includes four links: a first link 71, a second link 72, a third link 73, and a fourth link 74.

[0126] One end of the first connecting rod 71 is hinged to the first connecting seat 21 on the first cover 2, and one end of the second connecting rod 72 is hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod 71. At the same time, the other end of the second connecting rod 72 is hinged to the third connecting seat 31 on the second cover 3. This connection method allows the second cover 3 to rotate through the movement of the first connecting rod 71 and the second connecting rod 72.

[0127] One end of the third link 73 is hinged to the fourth connecting seat 32 on the second cover 3, and the other end is hinged to the first link 71. One end of the fourth link 74 is hinged to the second connecting seat 22 on the first cover 2, and the other end is hinged to the third link 73. Specifically, the hinge point between the third link 73 and the first link 71 is located between the hinge point between the third link 73 and the fourth connecting seat 32 and the hinge point between the third link 73 and the fourth link 74. This special hinge arrangement allows the entire linkage mechanism to maintain good mechanical balance during movement, ensuring smooth and precise rotation of the second cover 3.

[0128] Through this linkage mechanism design, the second connecting device 7 can effectively convert the power transmission of the first driving device 4 into the rotational motion of the second cover 3. This complex linkage mechanism can not only achieve precise motion control, but also realize complex motion trajectories within a limited space, thereby meeting the application requirements of the head cover opening and closing mechanism 100 on flat-head trains.

[0129] In some embodiments, the second driving device 5 includes:

[0130] The second brake motor 51 has its output end connected to the fourth link 74.

[0131] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the second drive device 5 is clearly defined, and its core component is the second brake motor 51. This design provides a direct power source for the rotation of the second cover 3 and ensures the accuracy and reliability of the operation.

[0132] Specifically, the output end of the second brake motor 51 is connected to the fourth link 74 in the second connecting device 7. This connection method allows the power of the second brake motor 51 to be directly transmitted to the fourth link 74, thereby driving the second cover 3 to rotate and open through the linkage mechanism. The brake motor is designed to not only provide stable power output, but also to lock the current position in the event of a power outage or emergency, ensuring that the second cover 3 remains fixed in the non-operating state, thereby enhancing the safety and stability of the system.

[0133] By connecting the second brake motor 51 to the fourth link 74, the second drive device 5 can effectively control the movement of the second cover 3. This design not only simplifies the power transmission path and improves the system's response speed and control accuracy, but also allows it to work in conjunction with the first drive device 4 to achieve overall motion control of the head cover opening and closing mechanism 100.

[0134] In one specific embodiment, taking the upper headgear assembly as an example, the two first connecting devices 6 and the two second connecting devices 7 in the upper headgear assembly form a symmetrical layout, and the two symmetrical sides are defined as the first side and the second side. Optionally, the first driving device 4 and the second driving device 5 are located on the same side, i.e., the first side or the second side. In this case, the side with the driving device is defined as the active side, and the side without the driving device is defined as the driven side. The common feature of the active side and the driven side is that they both have connecting devices; the difference between the active side and the driven side is the presence or absence of a driving device.

[0135] In some cases, the active side is set on the right and the passive side is set on the left; otherwise, the active side can be set on the left and the passive side on the right; or both the left and right sides can be set with active sides, which should also fall within the scope of this embodiment.

[0136] It should be noted that the arrangement of the active and passive sides in the lower hood assembly is similar to that in the upper hood assembly. Furthermore, the arrangement of the active and passive sides in the upper and lower hood assemblies may be the same or different, and both should fall within the scope of this embodiment.

[0137] This application also provides a vehicle front end, including the aforementioned hood opening and closing mechanism 100.

[0138] In this embodiment, the train head integrates the aforementioned headliner opening and closing mechanism 100. By applying this innovative headliner opening and closing mechanism to the train head design, the space constraints and motion implementation problems faced by flat-head trains in headliner opening and closing operations can be effectively solved.

[0139] Specifically, the design of the train's front end incorporates a hood opening and closing mechanism 100, enabling the hood at the front of the train to be opened and closed smoothly within a limited space. This design not only meets the aerodynamic performance requirements of the train during high-speed operation but also ensures that the hood can be reliably opened and closed during coupling and traction operations, thereby guaranteeing the safe operation and functional realization of the train.

[0140] This design of the train's front end improves the performance and reliability of the entire front-end system by optimizing the structure and drive mechanism of the front cover opening and closing mechanism. It is not only suitable for high-speed trains with a flat-front design, but can also be flexibly adjusted and optimized according to different train design requirements, showing broad application prospects.

[0141] This application also provides a rail vehicle, including the aforementioned locomotive.

[0142] The rail vehicle should possess all the beneficial technical effects of the aforementioned locomotive, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0143] It should be noted that many of the components mentioned in this application are general standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art, and their structure and principle can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods.

[0144] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0145] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of the headgear opening and closing mechanism, the locomotive, and the rail vehicle provided in this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A headgear opening and closing mechanism, characterized in that, It includes a fixed cover, a first cover body, a second cover body, a first driving device, and a second driving device; At least two first connecting devices are provided between the fixed cover and the first cover body. The first connecting devices are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed cover. The first driving device is connected to the first cover body and / or at least one of the first connecting devices. The first driving device drives the first cover body to move back relative to the fixed cover. At least two second connecting devices are provided between the first cover and the second cover. The second connecting devices are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction of the fixed cover. The second driving device is connected to the second cover and / or at least one of the second connecting devices, and drives the second cover to rotate and open relative to the first cover through the second driving device.

2. The headgear opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The first reducer is connected to the output end of the first drive device; The first clutch is connected to the output end of the first reducer, and the output end of the first clutch is connected to the first connecting device. The first clutch controls the coupling and decoupling of the first drive device and the first connecting device.

3. The headgear opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second reducer is connected to the output end of the second drive device; The second clutch is connected to the output end of the second reducer, and the output end of the second clutch is connected to the second connecting device. The second clutch controls the coupling and decoupling of the second drive device and the second connecting device.

4. The headgear opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first connecting device includes: Linear guide rail; A linear track slider is disposed on the linear guide rail; The first driving device includes: First brake motor; The ball screw is connected to the output terminal of the first brake motor; A ball screw nut slider is provided on the ball screw.

5. The headgear opening and closing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first driving device further includes: At least two optical axes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ball screw; A self-lubricating linear bearing is disposed between the lead screw nut slider and the optical axis.

6. The headgear opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cover is provided with a first connecting seat and a second connecting seat, and the second cover is provided with a third connecting seat and a fourth connecting seat; the second connecting device includes: The first link is hinged to the first connecting seat; The second link is hinged to the first link, and the second link is also hinged to the third connecting seat; The third link is hinged to the fourth connecting seat, and the third link is also hinged to the first link; The fourth link is hinged to the second connecting seat, and the fourth link is also hinged to the third link. The hinge point of the third link and the first link is located between the hinge point of the third link and the fourth connecting seat and the hinge point of the third link and the fourth link.

7. The headgear opening and closing mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second driving device includes: The output end of the second brake motor is connected to the fourth link.

8. The headgear opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cover includes a first upper head cover and a first lower head cover, and the second cover includes a second upper head cover and a second lower head cover, with the second upper head cover and the second lower head cover rotating in opposite directions.

9. A vehicle front, characterized in that, Includes the headgear opening and closing mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the vehicle front as described in claim 9.

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