Measuring device for monitoring displacement of tower top of wind driven generator

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of displacement monitoring of wind generating sets, in particular to a measuring device for monitoring tower top displacement of a wind driven generator. The measuring device for monitoring the displacement of the tower top of the wind driven generator comprises a tower model and a displacement loading system, the tower model is formed by building PVC / PPR pipes with optional taper and a concrete base, the structure is simple, and materials are light; the displacement loading system comprises a laser calibration system and a pull wire system, can accurately simulate wind load, has high-precision real-time loading and monitoring and dynamic correction capabilities, and adapts to different experiment requirements and environmental conditions; in addition, a transfer device is arranged, and rapid deployment of multiple scenes such as laboratories and wind fields is supported. The measuring device for monitoring the displacement of the tower top of the wind driven generator integrates low cost, high precision, modularization, instantaneity, safety and stability, and is particularly suitable for research and development tests of colleges, scientific research institutions and wind power enterprises.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wind turbine generator displacement monitoring technology, and in particular to a measuring device for monitoring the displacement of the top of a wind turbine generator tower. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of wind power technology, the single-unit capacity of wind turbines is gradually increasing, tower height is constantly rising, and structural flexibility is also significantly improving. This makes wind turbines more susceptible to changes in wind speed and direction, as well as their own vibrations, leading to increasingly prominent tower top displacement issues. Excessive tower top displacement may cause structural fatigue, component damage, or even collapse of the turbine, seriously affecting its operating efficiency and safety.

[0003] Tower top displacement monitoring is one of the key methods to ensure the safe operation of wind turbine generators. By monitoring the displacement of the tower top in real time, potential safety hazards can be detected in a timely manner, allowing for proactive maintenance and adjustments, thereby extending the service life of the generator and reducing operating costs. Furthermore, accurate displacement monitoring data can provide a reference for optimizing the design of wind turbine generators, enabling the understanding and prediction of the generator's dynamic behavior under different operating conditions.

[0004] However, existing tower top displacement monitoring technologies typically require complex mechanical loading systems and expensive sensor equipment. While these systems can simulate actual working conditions, they suffer from high costs, complex operation, difficult maintenance, and inconvenient sensor installation.

[0005] For example, a tower top displacement monitoring device based on a hydraulic loading system uses hydraulic cylinders and a servo control system to achieve displacement loading at the tower top, simulating actual working conditions such as wind load and snow load. While the hydraulic system offers high loading accuracy, it is complex, costly, and requires regular maintenance, further increasing operating costs. Another example is a tower top displacement monitoring device based on an electric actuator, which achieves displacement loading at the tower top through an electric actuator and control system, offering a high degree of automation. However, the loading accuracy of the electric actuator is limited by the performance of the motor and control system, making it difficult to achieve high-precision displacement loading, and the system cost is also high.

[0006] Therefore, developing a wind turbine tower top displacement monitoring and measurement device that can load accurate displacement information in real time and at a low cost remains a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0007] To develop a low-cost wind turbine tower top displacement monitoring and measurement device capable of loading accurate displacement information in real time, this utility model provides a measurement device for monitoring the displacement of wind turbine tower tops, including a tower model and a displacement loading system.

[0008] The tower model includes a simulated tower cast on a first concrete base, and the simulated tower also has a simulated tower top.

[0009] The displacement loading system includes a laser calibration system located on the top of the simulation tower, and also includes a traction line, a fixed pulley, and a winch that are in the same plane as the laser calibration system.

[0010] One end of the traction line is connected to the periphery of the simulated tower top, symmetrical to the laser calibration system along the center of the simulated tower top, and the other end passes around the fixed pulley and is fixed to the winch.

[0011] In one embodiment, both the simulated tower and the simulated tower top are made of PVC pipe or PPR pipe.

[0012] In one embodiment, the simulated tower has a height of 1.5 m to 2.5 m, a bottom diameter of 0.2 m to 0.3 m, a taper ratio of 1 or 1.6 to 2.0, and a bottom diameter-to-height ratio of 0.12 to 0.16; the simulated tower top has a height of 0.15 m to 0.18 m and a diameter of 0.1 m to 0.3 m.

[0013] In one embodiment, the laser calibration system is located on the outer wall or top edge of the simulated tower.

[0014] In one embodiment, the laser calibration system includes a first laser calibration system and a second laser calibration system.

[0015] Furthermore, the first laser calibration system and the second laser calibration system are located in two vertical directions at the center of the top of the simulation tower, respectively.

[0016] In one embodiment, the traction line is a steel cable; the winch is a hand-cranked winch or an electrically controlled winch.

[0017] In one embodiment, it also includes a second concrete base and a transfer device;

[0018] The second concrete base is cast integrally with the first concrete base and is fixed with the winch and laser rangefinder;

[0019] The transfer device includes a base plate and several fixing components;

[0020] The plurality of fasteners are fixed to the periphery of the base plate. The vertical surface is provided with through holes for connection and fixation with the second concrete base, and the bottom surface is provided with through holes for connection and fixation with the ground.

[0021] Furthermore, the connection between the plurality of fasteners and the base plate is by welding or by fasteners; the connection between the plurality of fasteners and the second concrete base or ground is by fasteners.

[0022] In one embodiment, the outer wall of the simulated tower is equipped with several sensors to transmit displacement information at different heights of the simulated tower.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the measuring device for monitoring the displacement of the top of a wind turbine tower provided by this utility model has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. It adopts PVC / PPR pipes, concrete base, laser calibration system and traction line system, without complex mechanical or hydraulic parts, simple structural design, lightweight and corrosion resistant materials, easy transportation and assembly, and low manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0025] 2. Accurately simulates multi-dimensional dynamic response of wind load. The symmetrically arranged laser calibration system and traction line system can support displacement loading in any direction and of any size, perform multi-directional displacement control, and have high-precision real-time loading and monitoring and dynamic correction capabilities.

[0026] 3. The simulation tower can support tapered variable diameter or constant diameter design to adapt to different experimental needs, and has reserved mounting positions for sensors of various heights, which can be expanded to monitor vibration modes or fatigue characteristics.

[0027] 4. Equipped with a transfer device, it supports rapid deployment in multiple scenarios such as laboratories and wind farms. The laser calibration system is unaffected by temperature and humidity and can adapt to simulation testing in complex environments.

[0028] 5. It has high operational safety and stability. The concrete base anchorage can avoid the risk of loosening and ensure the structural stability under high frequency loading. The steel cable traction system is tensile and fatigue resistant, requires no frequent maintenance for long-term use, and has no risk of hydraulic system leakage.

[0029] In summary, the measuring device for monitoring the displacement of wind turbine tower tops provided by this utility model integrates low cost, high precision, modularity, immediacy, and safety and stability. It is especially suitable for research and development testing in universities, research institutions, and wind power companies, providing an efficient and reliable experimental platform for tower structure design, safety monitoring, and life prediction. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the measuring device for monitoring the displacement of the top of a wind turbine tower provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the installation position of the laser calibration system for monitoring the displacement at the top of a wind turbine tower, provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring device for monitoring the displacement of the top of a wind turbine tower provided in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring device for monitoring the displacement of the top of a wind turbine tower provided in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of the installation position of a laser calibration system for a measuring device used for monitoring the displacement at the top of a wind turbine tower, as shown in Embodiment 3.

[0036] Figure label:

[0037] 111-First concrete base; 112-Second concrete base; 121-Simulated tower; 122-Simulated tower top; 130-Sensor; 131-High-position sensor; 132-Mid-position sensor; 133-Low-position sensor; 210-Laser calibration system; 211-First laser calibration system; 212-Second laser calibration system; 220-Traction line; 221-First traction line; 222-Second traction line; 230-Fixed pulley; 240-Windmill; 310-Base plate; 320-Fixing component. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0039] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "middle," "bottom," "top," "full," and "periphery," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] This embodiment provides a measuring device for monitoring the displacement of the top of a wind turbine tower, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a tower model and a displacement loading system;

[0042] The tower model includes a simulated tower 121 cast on a first concrete base 111, and a simulated tower top 122 is provided on the top of the simulated tower 121.

[0043] The displacement loading system includes a laser calibration system 210 installed on the top 122 of the simulation tower, and also includes a traction line 220, a fixed pulley 230, and a winch 240 that are in the same plane as the laser calibration system 210.

[0044] Wherein, one end of the traction line 220 is connected to the periphery of the simulated tower top 122 and is symmetrical with the laser calibration system 210 along the center of the simulated tower top 122, and the other end passes around the fixed pulley 230 and is fixed to the winch 240;

[0045] During the actual construction, the simulated tower 121 is placed directly on the uncured concrete. After the concrete has cured and dried, the simulated tower 121 is firmly fixed to the first concrete base 111 without the need for connectors.

[0046] In actual operation, the laser calibration system 210 monitors and transmits the actual displacement information of the simulated tower top 122 in real time. The winch 240 retracts and extends the traction line 220 to adjust the magnitude of the loading force applied to the simulated tower top 122. The operation is simple and easy to control.

[0047] Both the simulated tower 121 and the simulated tower top 122 are made of PVC pipe or PPR pipe;

[0048] In actual construction, PVC or PPR pipes are lightweight and strong, which simplifies the assembly process of the tower model.

[0049] The simulated tower 121 has a height of 1.8 m, a bottom diameter of 0.25 m, a taper ratio of 1, and a bottom diameter-to-height ratio of 0.14; the simulated tower top has a height of 0.17 m and a diameter of 0.25 m.

[0050] In practical applications, a simulated tower with a height of 1.8 m and a bottom diameter of 0.25 m can be used for simulation testing of local connectors, seismic / impact dynamics, materials, and processes for wind turbine towers with actual tower heights of 60 m to 180 m and bottom diameters of 3.57 m to 6.25 m. Designing the simulated tower with a taper ratio of 1 avoids interference from the taper on local stress distribution, makes it easier to control the overall bending deformation of the model, and significantly reduces experimental complexity and cost. The design with a bottom diameter-to-height ratio of 0.14 is actually 3 to 4 times the actual diameter-to-height ratio, which can compensate for the stiffness loss of the scaled-down model and prevent instability.

[0051] The laser calibration system 210 is located at the top edge of the simulation tower 122.

[0052] The laser calibration system 210 includes a first laser calibration system 211 and a second laser calibration system 212.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the first laser calibration system 211 and the second laser calibration system 212 are located in two vertical directions at the center of the top 122 of the simulation tower, respectively.

[0054] In practical operation, with the center of the simulated tower top 122 as the coordinate zero point, the first laser calibration system 211 is set in the negative X direction, and a corresponding first traction line 221 is provided to cause the simulated tower top 122 to displace in the X direction; the second laser calibration system 212 is set in the negative Y direction, and a corresponding second traction line 222 is provided to cause the simulated tower top 122 to displace in the Y direction; working in conjunction with the winch 240, the simulated tower top 122 can simultaneously generate displacement in both the X and Y directions, thereby achieving displacement loading in any direction and of any size within the 1 / 4 circular region;

[0055] It should be noted that by expanding the laser calibration system 210 to include four directions, including the X and Y directions, and by adding traction lines 220, fixed pulleys 230, and winches 240 accordingly, displacement loading of the simulated tower top 122 in any direction and of any size can be achieved within a complete circular area.

[0056] In this embodiment, preferably, the traction line 220 is a steel cable; and the winch 240 is a hand-cranked winch.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Based on Example 1, this example provides a measuring device for monitoring the displacement of the top of a wind turbine tower, which can be used in the aerodynamic characteristics study of the wind turbine tower, the verification of overall stability, and the simulation test for lightweight design optimization.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the simulated tower 121 has a height of 1.8 m, a bottom diameter of 0.25 m, a taper ratio of 1.8, and a bottom diameter-to-height ratio of 0.14; the simulated tower top has a height of 0.17 m and a diameter of 0.14 m.

[0060] In practical applications, a simulated tower with a height of 1.8 m, a bottom diameter of 0.25 m, and a taper ratio of 1.8 can simulate wind turbine towers with the following dimensions: tower height of 60 m ~ 180 m, bottom diameter of 3.57 m ~ 6.25 m, and top diameter of 1.98 m ~ 2.32 m.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] Based on Example 1, this example provides a measuring device for monitoring the displacement of the top of a wind turbine tower, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes a tower model, a displacement loading system, a second concrete base 112, and a transfer device;

[0063] The second concrete base 112 is cast integrally with the first concrete base 111 and is fixed with the winch 240 and the laser rangefinder 250.

[0064] The transfer device includes a base plate 310 and several fasteners 320;

[0065] The plurality of fasteners 320 are fixed to the periphery of the base plate 310. The vertical surface is provided with through holes for connection and fixation with the second concrete base 112, and the bottom surface is provided with through holes for connection and fixation with the ground.

[0066] The connection between the plurality of fasteners 320 and the base plate 310 is by welding; the connection between the plurality of fasteners 320 and the second concrete base 112 or the ground is by bolt fasteners.

[0067] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the laser calibration system 210 is located on the outer wall of the top 122 of the simulation tower, and includes a first laser calibration system 211 and a second laser calibration system 212. The first laser calibration system 211 and the second laser calibration system 212 are located in two vertical directions at the center of the top 122 of the simulation tower, respectively.

[0068] In this embodiment, the measuring device for monitoring the displacement of the wind turbine tower top also includes several sensors 130, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it is located on the outer wall of the simulated tower 121;

[0069] Specifically, the sensor 130 includes a high-position sensor 131, a middle-position sensor 132, and a low-position sensor 133, each including four FBG sensors evenly distributed on a circumference.

[0070] Furthermore, the high-position sensor 131 is located at a horizontal height of 1.2 m from the bottom of the simulated tower 121, the mid-position sensor 132 is located at a horizontal height of 0.7 m from the bottom of the simulated tower 121, and the low-position sensor 133 is located at a horizontal height of 0.2 m from the bottom of the simulated tower 121.

[0071] In practical operation, the FBG sensor can sensitively capture the subtle deformation of the tower model during the stress process and convert it into high-precision strain data, which can be used to monitor vibration modes or fatigue characteristics.

[0072] Although this document frequently uses terms such as wind power generation, tower model, displacement loading system, transfer device, concrete base, simulated tower, simulated tower top, laser calibration system, traction line, facade, bottom surface, through hole, quarter-circular area, complete circumferential area, high-position sensor, mid-position sensor, and low-position sensor, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of this utility model; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of this utility model.

[0073] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the fixing methods of devices such as fixed pulleys and winches in the technical solution of this utility model can be selected and designed by those skilled in the art. These selections and designs do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solution to deviate from the scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and will not be elaborated here.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A measuring device for monitoring the displacement at the top of a wind turbine tower, characterized in that: Includes tower model and displacement loading system; The tower model includes a simulated tower (121) cast on a first concrete base (111), and a simulated tower top (122) is provided on the top of the simulated tower (121). The displacement loading system includes a laser calibration system (210) installed on the top of the simulated tower (122), and also includes a traction line (220), a fixed pulley (230), and a winch (240) that are in the same plane as the laser calibration system (210). One end of the traction line (220) is connected to the periphery of the simulated tower top (122) and is symmetrical with the laser calibration system (210) along the center of the simulated tower top (122). The other end passes around the fixed pulley (230) and is fixed to the winch (240).

2. The measuring device for monitoring the displacement at the top of a wind turbine tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated tower (121) and simulated tower top (122) are both made of PVC pipe or PPR pipe.

3. The measuring device for monitoring the displacement at the top of a wind turbine tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated tower (121) has a height of 1.5 m to 2.5 m, a bottom diameter of 0.2 m to 0.3 m, a taper ratio of 1 or 1.6 to 2.0, and a bottom diameter-to-height ratio of 0.12 to 0.

16. The simulated tower top (122) has a height of 0.15 m to 0.18 m and a diameter of 0.1 m to 0.3 m.

4. The measuring device for monitoring the displacement at the top of a wind turbine tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser calibration system (210) is located on the outer wall or top edge of the top (122) of the simulation tower.

5. The measuring device for monitoring the displacement at the top of a wind turbine tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser calibration system (210) includes a first laser calibration system (211) and a second laser calibration system (212).

6. The measuring device for monitoring the displacement at the top of a wind turbine tower according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first laser calibration system (211) and the second laser calibration system (212) are located in two vertical directions at the center of the top (122) of the simulation tower, respectively.

7. The measuring device for monitoring the displacement at the top of a wind turbine tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction line (220) is a steel cable; the winch (240) is a hand-cranked winch or an electrically controlled winch.

8. The measuring device for monitoring the displacement at the top of a wind turbine tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second concrete base (112) and a transfer device; The second concrete base (112) is cast integrally with the first concrete base (111) and is fixed with the winch (240) and the laser rangefinder (250). The transfer device includes a base plate (310) and several fasteners (320). The plurality of fasteners (320) are fixed to the periphery of the base plate (310), and through holes are provided on the vertical surface for connection and fixation with the second concrete base (112), and through holes are provided on the bottom surface for connection and fixation with the ground.

9. The measuring device for monitoring the displacement at the top of a wind turbine tower according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connection between the plurality of fasteners (320) and the base plate (310) is by welding or fastener connection; The connection between the plurality of fasteners (320) and the second concrete base (112) or the ground is a fastener connection.

10. The measuring device for monitoring the displacement at the top of a wind turbine tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the simulated tower (121) is equipped with several sensors (130) to transmit displacement information at different heights of the simulated tower (121).

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