Intelligent glasses

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of image display, and provides a pair of intelligent glasses, which comprises an optical machine, a waveguide sheet, a linear polarizer, a coupling-in grating, a coupling-out grating and a polarization beam splitting assembly, the optical machine is used for emitting linearly polarized optical machine light rays to the waveguide sheet, and the optical machine light rays have a first polarization direction; the waveguide sheet is used for coupling in the optical machine light through the coupling-in grating and coupling out the optical machine light through the coupling-out grating; the linear polaroid is arranged in the light leakage direction of the coupling-out grating, the linear polaroid has a second polarization direction, and the second polarization direction is orthogonal to the first polarization direction; the polarization beam splitting assembly is arranged on the side, away from the waveguide sheet, of the linear polarizer and used for converting the ambient light into linearly polarized light, and the linearly polarized light transmits the linear polarizer and the waveguide sheet and has a second polarization direction. Therefore, when the leakage light is cut off, the brightness of the light incident to the eyes can be ensured, and the user experience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of image display technology, and in particular to a smart glasses. Background Technology

[0002] Smart wearable devices, such as augmented reality (AR) glasses and mixed reality (XR) glasses, seamlessly blend virtual content with the real world, finding wide application in various fields including industrial manufacturing, healthcare, entertainment, design, and daily life, significantly improving work efficiency and quality of life. In recent years, these devices have garnered significant attention in both industrial and consumer electronics sectors. One of the core components of AR and XR glasses is the lens module, which presents virtual images in front of the user while ensuring the user can clearly see the external environment. Depending on the display technology, the lens module can employ various types such as diffractive waveguide lenses, arrayed waveguide lenses, freeform surface lenses, or Birdbath lenses.

[0003] Diffraction waveguides use diffraction gratings to control the direction and energy distribution of light. Typically, diffraction gratings have reflection and transmission orders. When a diffraction waveguide guides light to the human eye through the reflection order, the transmission order light propagates outwards, a phenomenon known as light leakage. Light leakage can lead to security risks such as information leaks. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a smart glasses solution to address the problem in existing technologies where light leakage from the lens module leads to information leakage.

[0005] This utility model provides a smart glasses, including: an optical engine, a waveguide plate, a linear polarizer, a coupling grating, a coupling output grating, and a polarization beam splitter assembly;

[0006] The optomechanism is used to emit linearly polarized optomechanical rays toward the waveguide sheet, and the optomechanical rays have a first polarization direction;

[0007] A waveguide sheet is used to couple the optomechanical light rays into the coupling grating and to couple the optomechanical light rays out through the coupling grating.

[0008] A linear polarizer is disposed in the leakage direction of the coupling grating, and the linear polarizer has a second polarization direction, which is orthogonal to the first polarization direction;

[0009] The polarization beam splitter is disposed on the side of the linear polarizer away from the waveguide plate, and is used to convert ambient light into linearly polarized light. The linearly polarized light is transmitted through the linear polarizer and the waveguide plate, wherein the linearly polarized light has the second polarization direction.

[0010] According to the present invention, a smart glasses component for a polarization beam splitter includes a beam splitter module and a waveplate.

[0011] The beam splitting module is used to split the ambient light into a first beam having the first polarization direction and a second beam having the second polarization direction, both of which propagate in the direction of the coupling grating;

[0012] The waveplate is disposed between the linear polarizer and the beam splitter, and is located on the propagation path of the first beam, for converting the first polarization direction of the first beam into the second polarization direction.

[0013] According to the present invention, a smart glasses is provided in which the waveplate and the linear polarizer are stacked.

[0014] According to the present invention, a smart glasses is provided in which the waveplate and the linear polarizer form a superimposed element, and the superimposed element is connected to the waveguide plate.

[0015] According to the present invention, a smart glasses module includes a polarization beam splitter and a reflection device.

[0016] The polarization beam splitter is used to transmit part of the ambient light and reflect another part of the ambient light to obtain the first beam and the second beam. The first beam and the second beam have different propagation directions, and one of them propagates directly in the direction of the coupling grating.

[0017] The reflective device is used to adjust the other of the first beam and the second beam to propagate in the direction of the coupling grating.

[0018] According to the present invention, a smart glasses device is provided in which the polarization beam splitter is used to transmit the second beam and reflect the first beam to the reflector, and the reflector is used to adjust the first beam to propagate in the direction of the coupling grating.

[0019] According to the present invention, a smart glasses is provided in which the polarization beam splitter is used to transmit the first beam and reflect the second beam to the reflector, and the reflector is used to adjust the second beam to propagate in the direction of the coupling grating.

[0020] According to the present invention, the smart glasses are provided in which the output grating is a transmission type output grating, and the light leakage direction of the output grating is the transmission direction of the light reflected by the output grating.

[0021] The coupling grating is located on the side of the waveguide away from the polarization beam splitter.

[0022] According to the present invention, the smart glasses are provided in which the coupling grating is a reflective coupling grating and the light leakage direction of the coupling grating is the transmission direction of the transmitted light of the coupling grating.

[0023] The coupling grating is located on the side of the waveguide plate closest to the polarization beam splitter.

[0024] According to the present invention, the first polarization direction is the P-polarization direction and the second polarization direction is the S-polarization direction; or, the first polarization direction is the S-polarization direction and the second polarization direction is the P-polarization direction.

[0025] The smart glasses provided by this invention use a waveguide sheet to couple the optomechanical light emitted by the optomechanical system through a coupling grating. After several total internal reflections within the waveguide sheet, the optomechanical light reaches the output grating. At this point, the light can be divided into incoming light and leaking light. The incoming light can reach the user's eyes, while the leaking light exits along the leakage direction of the output grating. Since a linear polarizer is positioned along the leakage direction of the output grating, the leaking light is blocked, preventing it from continuing to propagate outwards. Simultaneously, to compensate for the brightness of the light incident on the eyes, a polarization beam splitter converts ambient light into linearly polarized light suitable for the eyes. In other words, while blocking the leaking light, the brightness of the light incident on the eyes is ensured, improving the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is one of the optical path diagrams for the smart glasses provided by this utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 This is the second optical path diagram of the smart glasses provided by this utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 This is the third optical path diagram of the smart glasses provided by this utility model.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 1. Optomechanical system; 11. Optomechanical beam; 111. Eye-entry beam; 112. Leaking beam; 2. Waveguide; 21. Coupled-in grating; 22. Coupled-out grating; 3. Linear polarizer; 4. Polarization beam splitter assembly; 41. Beam splitter module; 411. Polarization beam splitter device; 412. Reflecting device; 42. Waveplate; 5. Ambient light; 51. First beam; 52. Second beam; 6. Eye. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0033] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 3 This invention describes the smart glasses of this utility model.

[0034] The waveguide sheet has an input grating and an output grating on its surface, which can be arranged on the same side or opposite sides. Light emitted from the optomechanical system enters the waveguide sheet through the input grating, undergoes several total internal reflections within the waveguide sheet, and then exits through the output grating, entering the human eye. However, after reaching the output grating, a portion of the light escapes and enters the human eye, while the remaining portion leaks outwards, potentially causing privacy breaches. Based on this, this embodiment of the invention provides a smart glasses.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the smart glasses of this embodiment include: an optical engine 1, a waveguide 2, a linear polarizer 3, an input grating 21, an output grating 22, and a polarization beam splitter 4. The optical engine 1 emits linearly polarized optical engine light 11 to the waveguide 2, the optical engine light 11 having a first polarization direction; the waveguide 2 couples the optical engine light 11 into the waveguide 21 and couples it out through the output grating 22; the linear polarizer 3 is disposed in the light leakage direction of the output grating 22, the linear polarizer 3 having a second polarization direction orthogonal to the first polarization direction; the polarization beam splitter 4 is disposed on the side of the linear polarizer 3 away from the waveguide 2, and is used to convert ambient light 5 into linearly polarized light, the linearly polarized light being transmitted through the linear polarizer 3 and the waveguide 2, wherein the linearly polarized light has a second polarization direction.

[0036] It should be noted that the waveguide 2 couples the optomechanical beam 11 emitted by the optomechanical 1 into the waveguide 2 via the coupling grating 21. After several total internal reflections within the waveguide 2, the optomechanical beam 11 reaches the output grating 22. At this point, the optomechanical beam 11 can be divided into an eye-entry beam 111 and a leakage beam 112. The eye-entry beam 111 can enter the user's eye 6, while the leakage beam 112 will exit along the leakage direction of the output grating 22. Since a linear polarizer 3 is provided in the leakage direction of the output grating 22, the leakage beam 112 will be blocked by the linear polarizer 3, thus preventing the leakage beam 112 from continuing to propagate outward. At the same time, in order to compensate for the brightness of the light incident on the eye 6, the ambient light 5 is converted into linearly polarized light that can enter the eye 6 by the polarization beam splitter 4. In other words, while blocking the leakage beam 112, the brightness of the light incident on the eye 6 can be ensured, improving the user experience.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The polarization beam splitting component 4 includes a beam splitting module 41 and a waveplate 42. The beam splitting module 41 is used to split the ambient light 5 into a first beam 51 with a first polarization direction and a second beam 52 with a second polarization direction. Both the first beam 51 and the second beam 52 propagate in the direction of the coupling grating 22. The waveplate 42 is disposed between the linear polarizer 3 and the beam splitting module 41 and is located on the propagation path of the first beam 51. It is used to convert the first polarization direction of the first beam 51 into the second polarization direction.

[0038] It should be noted that the optical-mechanical light beam 11 emitted by the optical engine 1 has a first polarization direction. Therefore, the linear polarizer 3 needs to block light beams with the first polarization direction, such as leaked light beam 112 with the first polarization direction. That is to say, only light beams with the second polarization direction in the ambient light 5 can pass through the linear polarizer 3 and enter the eye 6. In order to ensure that both the first beam 51 with the first polarization direction and the second beam 52 with the second polarization direction generated by the beam splitter 41 can enter the eye 6, thereby ensuring the brightness of the light entering the eye 6, a waveplate 42 can be placed between the linear polarizer 3 and the beam splitter 41. The waveplate 42 is located on the propagation path of the first beam 51. In this way, the waveplate 42 can convert the first polarization direction of the first beam 51 to the second polarization direction.

[0039] In the light leakage direction of the coupling grating 22, there may be gaps or no gaps between any two of the beam splitting module 41, waveplate 42, linear polarizer 3 and waveguide plate 2. In an optional embodiment, in order to ensure the compactness of the overall structure, the waveplate 42 and the linear polarizer 3 are stacked.

[0040] It should be noted that the waveplate 42 and the linear polarizer 3 are arranged in parallel, with the waveplate 42 located on the side of the linear polarizer 3 facing away from the waveguide plate 2. For example, the waveplate 42 is fitted onto the side of the linear polarizer 3 facing away from the waveguide plate 2, and a gap is left between the side of the linear polarizer 3 facing the waveguide plate 2 and the waveguide plate 2.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the waveplate 42 and the linear polarizer 3 form a composite element, which is connected to the waveguide plate 2. For example, the composite element is bonded to the waveguide plate 2 with an adhesive. It should be noted that the coupling grating 22 can be a transmission type coupling grating 22 or a reflection type coupling grating 22.

[0042] In this composite element, a waveplate 42 and a linear polarizer 3 are stacked and bonded together, and a certain air gap can be maintained between the waveplate 42 and the linear polarizer 3. For example, the waveplate can be height-limited by the protrusions formed on its wafer, which can precisely control the air gap between the bonded waveplate 42 and the linear polarizer 3, and the size of the air gap can be unrestricted, which is beneficial to improving the product yield and optical performance.

[0043] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The coupling grating 22 is a transmission type coupling grating 22, and the light leakage direction of the coupling grating 22 is the transmission direction of the reflected light; the coupling grating 22 is located on the side of the waveguide 2 away from the polarization beam splitter 4. In this way, the linear polarizer 3 can be installed on the side of the waveguide 2 close to the polarization beam splitter 4.

[0044] See Figure 3 As shown, the coupling grating 22 is a reflective coupling grating 22, and the light leakage direction of the coupling grating 22 is the same as the transmission direction of the transmitted light. The coupling grating 22 is located on the side of the waveguide 2 close to the polarization beam splitter 4. Thus, the linear polarizer 3 can be installed on the side of the coupling grating 22 close to the polarization beam splitter 4.

[0045] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to some embodiments of this utility model, the coupling grating 21 is a transmission type coupling grating 21, and the optomechanical system 1 and the coupling grating 21 are located on the same side of the waveguide plate 2. It should be particularly noted that the type of the coupling grating 22 is not specifically required here and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0046] By setting the coupling grating 21 as a transmissive coupling grating 21 and placing the optomechanical system 1 and the coupling grating 21 on the same side of the waveguide plate 2, the optical path design can be simplified, the alignment requirements between the optomechanical system 1 and the coupling grating 21 can be reduced, and the reliability of the system can be improved. The overall thickness of the device is also reduced, making it suitable for miniaturized applications. Furthermore, the transmissive coupling grating 21 can effectively couple incident light, improving light transmission efficiency and reducing optical loss.

[0047] Specifically, when the optomechanical system 1 and the (transmission type) coupling grating 21 are located on the same side of the waveguide plate 2, the light emitted from the optomechanical system 1 can be directly coupled into the waveguide plate 2 through the transmission type coupling grating 21, and then coupled out to the user by the coupling grating 22 after transmission within the waveguide plate 2.

[0048] See Figure 3 As shown, according to some embodiments of this utility model, the coupling grating 21 is a reflective coupling grating 21, and the optomechanical system 1 and the coupling grating 21 are located on opposite sides of the waveguide plate 2. It should be particularly noted that the type of the coupling grating 22 is not specifically required here and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0049] By setting the coupling grating 21 as a reflective coupling grating 21 and positioning the optomechanical system 1 and the coupling grating 21 on opposite sides of the waveguide plate 2, firstly, the reflective coupling grating 21 can more effectively utilize reflected light, improving optical coupling efficiency, reducing optical loss, and enhancing the overall system performance. The separation of the optomechanical system 1 from the coupling grating 21 also optimizes the optical path design, providing greater flexibility to adapt to different application requirements. Furthermore, the reflective grating allows for effective operation over a wider range of incident angles, increasing the flexibility of the coupling angle. Simultaneously, separating the optomechanical system 1 from the grating reduces heat transfer, mitigating thermal impact and improving system stability and reliability.

[0050] Specifically, when the optomechanical system 1 and the (reflective) coupling grating 21 are located on opposite sides of the waveguide plate 2, the light emitted from the optomechanical system 1 enters the waveguide plate 2 and is transmitted to the coupling grating 21. Then, after being transmitted within the waveguide plate 2, it is coupled out to the user by the output grating 22.

[0051] Therefore, by selecting the type of the coupling grating 21, the position of the optomechanical 1 can be adaptively adjusted, giving the system greater flexibility to adapt to different application requirements.

[0052] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the beam splitting module 41 includes a polarization beam splitter 411 and a reflector 412. The polarization beam splitter 411 is used to transmit part of the ambient light 5 and reflect another part of the ambient light 5 to obtain a first beam 51 and a second beam 52. The propagation directions of the first beam 51 and the second beam 52 are different, and one of them propagates directly towards the direction of the coupling grating 22. The reflector 412 is used to adjust the other of the first beam 51 and the second beam 52 to propagate towards the direction of the coupling grating 22.

[0053] For example, a portion of the ambient light 5 transmitted by the polarization beam splitter 411 can obtain a first beam 51, which propagates in the direction of the coupling grating 22. Another portion of the ambient light 5 reflected by the polarization beam splitter 411 can obtain a second beam 52, which is adjusted by the reflector 412 to propagate in the direction of the coupling grating 22.

[0054] Alternatively, a portion of the ambient light 5 transmitted through the polarization beam splitter 411 can become a second beam 52, which propagates in the direction of the coupling grating 22. Another portion of the ambient light 5 reflected by the polarization beam splitter 411 can become a first beam 51, and the reflecting device 412 can adjust the first beam 51 to propagate in the direction of the coupling grating 22.

[0055] In practical applications, the first polarization direction is the P-polarization direction and the second polarization direction is the S-polarization direction; or, the first polarization direction is the S-polarization direction and the second polarization direction is the P-polarization direction.

[0056] Specifically, in the case where the first polarization direction is the S-polarization direction and the second polarization direction is the P-polarization direction, see [reference needed]. Figure 1 As shown, the coupling grating 21 is a transmission type coupling grating 21, and the coupling grating 22 is a transmission type coupling grating 22. The coupling grating 22 is located on the side of the waveguide 2 away from the polarization beam splitter 4. That is, the optomechanical system 1, the coupling grating 21, and the coupling grating 22 are located on the same side of the waveguide 2. Alternatively, see... Figure 3 As shown, the coupling grating 21 is a reflective coupling grating 21, and the coupling grating 22 is a reflective coupling grating 22. The coupling grating 22 is located on the side of the waveguide plate 2 closest to the polarization beam splitter 4. That is, the coupling grating 21 and the coupling grating 22 are located on one side of the waveguide plate 2, and the optomechanical unit 1 is located on the other side of the waveguide plate 2.

[0057] Optomechanical component 1 emits linearly polarized optical-mechanical beam 11 to waveguide 2. The optical-mechanical beam 11 has a first polarization direction, which is an S-polarization direction. Polarization beam splitter 4 converts ambient light 5 into linearly polarized light with a second polarization direction, which is a P-polarization direction. Polarization beam splitter 411 transmits a second beam 52 and reflects a first beam 51 to a reflecting device 412. The reflecting device 412 adjusts the first beam 51 to propagate in the direction of the coupling grating 22. Waveplate 42 converts the first polarization direction of the first beam 51 into the second polarization direction.

[0058] In the case where the first polarization direction is the P-polarization direction and the second polarization direction is the S-polarization direction, see [reference needed]. Figure 2As shown, the coupling grating 21 is a transmission type coupling grating 21, and the coupling grating 22 is a transmission type coupling grating 22. The coupling grating 22 is located on the side of the waveguide plate 2 away from the polarization beam splitter 4. That is to say, the optomechanical system 1, the coupling grating 21, and the coupling grating 22 are located on the same side of the waveguide plate 2.

[0059] Optomechanical component 1 emits linearly polarized optical-mechanical beam 11 to waveguide 2. The optical-mechanical beam 11 has a first polarization direction, which is a P-polarization direction. Polarization beam splitter 4 converts ambient light 5 into linearly polarized light with a second polarization direction, which is an S-polarization direction. Polarization beam splitter 411 transmits a first beam 51 and reflects a second beam 52 to a reflector 412. The reflector 412 adjusts the second beam 52 to propagate in the direction of the coupling grating 22. Waveplate 42 converts the first polarization direction of the first beam 51 into the second polarization direction.

[0060] In the embodiments of this utility model, the limitations on relative positional relationships mentioned, such as parallel, perpendicular, and aligned, are all relative to the current technological level and are not absolutely strict limitations. Slight deviations are allowed; approximations of parallelism, perpendicularity, and alignment are all acceptable. For example, "A and B are parallel" means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 and 10 degrees. Similarly, "A and B are perpendicular" means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 and 100 degrees.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A type of smart glasses, characterized in that, include: Optical mechanisms, waveguides, linear polarizers, input gratings, output gratings, and polarization beam splitters; The optomechanism is used to emit linearly polarized optomechanical rays toward the waveguide sheet, and the optomechanical rays have a first polarization direction; A waveguide sheet is used to couple the optomechanical light rays into the coupling grating and to couple the optomechanical light rays out through the coupling grating. A linear polarizer is disposed in the leakage direction of the coupling grating, and the linear polarizer has a second polarization direction, which is orthogonal to the first polarization direction; The polarization beam splitter is disposed on the side of the linear polarizer away from the waveguide plate, and is used to convert ambient light into linearly polarized light. The linearly polarized light is transmitted through the linear polarizer and the waveguide plate, wherein the linearly polarized light has the second polarization direction.

2. The smart glasses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polarization beam splitting component includes a beam splitting module and a waveplate; The beam splitting module is used to split the ambient light into a first beam having the first polarization direction and a second beam having the second polarization direction, both the first beam and the second beam propagating in the direction of the coupling grating; The waveplate is disposed between the linear polarizer and the beam splitter, and is located on the propagation path of the first beam, for converting the first polarization direction of the first beam into the second polarization direction.

3. The smart glasses according to claim 2, characterized in that, The waveplate and the linear polarizer are stacked together.

4. The smart glasses according to claim 2, characterized in that, The waveplate and the linear polarizer form a superimposed element, which is connected to the waveguide plate.

5. The smart glasses according to claim 2, characterized in that, The beam splitting module includes a polarization beam splitter and a reflection device; The polarization beam splitter is used to transmit part of the ambient light and reflect another part of the ambient light to obtain the first beam and the second beam. The first beam and the second beam have different propagation directions, and one of them propagates directly in the direction of the coupling grating. The reflective device is used to adjust the other of the first beam and the second beam to propagate in the direction of the coupling grating.

6. The smart glasses according to claim 5, characterized in that, The polarization beam splitter is used to transmit the second beam and reflect the first beam to the reflector, and the reflector is used to adjust the first beam to propagate in the direction of the coupling grating.

7. The smart glasses according to claim 5, characterized in that, The polarization beam splitter is used to transmit the first beam and reflect the second beam to the reflector, and the reflector is used to adjust the second beam to propagate in the direction of the coupling grating.

8. The smart glasses according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The coupling grating is a transmission type coupling grating, and the leakage direction of the coupling grating is the transmission direction of the reflected light from the coupling grating; The coupling grating is located on the side of the waveguide away from the polarization beam splitter.

9. The smart glasses according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The coupling grating is a reflective coupling grating, and the light leakage direction of the coupling grating is the transmission direction of the transmitted light of the coupling grating; The coupling grating is located on the side of the waveguide plate closest to the polarization beam splitter.

10. The smart glasses according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first polarization direction is the P-polarization direction, and the second polarization direction is the S-polarization direction; or, the first polarization direction is the S-polarization direction, and the second polarization direction is the P-polarization direction.

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