Simple artificial fish habitat system suitable for tidal river channel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a simple artificial fish habitat system suitable for a tidal river channel, which is characterized in that a pit is arranged on a riverbed of the tidal river channel as a main body, and a water inlet and a water outlet of the pit are respectively provided with a stepped retaining dam; compacting the bottoms of the pits, laying clay on the bottoms and side walls of the pits, and arranging natural stones on the surfaces of the clay; a water area corresponding to the bottom of the pit is a deep water area for planting submerged plants; the water area corresponding to the side wall of the pit is a shallow water area, and shallow water plants are planted; the cement block stone wall of the stepped retaining dam is vertically inserted into a riverbed to be fixed and is higher than the riverbed; the natural stones are arranged at the top end and on the two sides of the cement block stone wall, and the gravel is arranged between the natural stones. The device can effectively capture and store water during water recession, and ensures that aquatic organisms have enough inhabiting space during tidal variation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ecological design and biodiversity conservation, and in particular to a simple artificial fish habitat system suitable for tidal river channels, applicable to biological habitat construction projects. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the design of riverine fish habitats and riparian refuges is mostly based on traditional structures, typically incorporating natural elements such as vegetation, rocks, or driftwood to provide fish with habitat and refuge spaces. However, for the complex environment of tidal channels, these designs often struggle to adapt to the water level fluctuations caused by tides. During low tide, fish may face habitat loss due to the drop in water level, while the exposed environment also increases the risk of predation. Existing fixed fish habitats are insufficiently adaptable to water level changes, unable to dynamically adjust with the water level, leading to reduced habitat utilization efficiency and potentially impacting fish survival and reproduction. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a simple artificial fish habitat system suitable for tidal waterways.

[0004] The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A simple artificial fish habitat system suitable for tidal river channels includes a depression set as the main body on the riverbed of the tidal river channel, natural stones, clay, and stepped dams arranged at the inlet and outlet, wherein the inlet and outlet are arranged on both sides of the depression parallel to the direction of river flow.

[0006] The bottom of the pit is compacted, and clay is laid on the bottom and side walls to prevent the pit from leaking. Natural stones are arranged on the surface of the clay. The water area corresponding to the bottom of the pit is the deep water area, and the water area corresponding to the side walls of the pit is the shallow water area. Submerged plants are planted in the deep water area, and shallow water plants are planted in the shallow water area.

[0007] The stepped dam comprises: natural stones, cement block walls, and gravel; the cement block walls are vertically inserted into the riverbed and fixed, and their height above the riverbed is set according to the tidal changes of the river and the habitat needs of fish; natural stones are arranged on the top and sides of the cement block walls, and gravel is arranged between the natural stones.

[0008] Furthermore, the stepped dam also includes cement blocks and rammed earth; the cement blocks are arranged parallel to the riverbed, with their edges connected to the clay layer at the edge of the depression; the rammed earth is arranged in the riverbed to support the cement block stone wall.

[0009] Further, the gravel is arranged at the edge of the pit for controlling the water depth of the shallow water area near the stepped weir, so as to be suitable for planting the purification zone plants, and the purification zone plants are aquatic plants adapted to the wet environment, including reed and cattail.

[0010] Further, the submerged plant includes waterweed and submerged algae.

[0011] Further, the shallow water plant includes water onion and calla.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0013] The present application establishes a simple artificial fish habitat system in the form of a pit, which can effectively capture and store water during ebb tide, ensuring that aquatic organisms have enough habitat space during tidal changes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a plan view of the simple artificial fish habitat system suitable for tidal riverways according to the present application.

[0015] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the simple artificial fish habitat system suitable for tidal riverways according to the present application.

[0016] In the figure, natural stone 1, shallow water area 2, deep water area 3, clay 4, cement block 5, rammed earth 6, cement block stone wall 7, gravel 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 A simple artificial fish habitat system suitable for tidal riverways, comprising: a pit as the main body arranged on the riverbed of the tidal riverway, natural stone 1, clay 4, and a stepped weir arranged on both sides of the pit parallel to the flow direction of the river. The water body can form a "reservoir" during ebb tide, effectively storing water and providing a stable habitat for fish. The design depth and area of the pit need to be reasonably planned according to the tidal changes of the specific riverway and the habitat requirements of fish.

[0019] The bottom of the pit is compacted, and clay 4 with good impermeability is laid on the bottom and the sidewall to ensure that the bottom and sidewall are not water-leaking, and to ensure that water can still be maintained for fish habitat in the dry season or low water level. The upper surface of the clay 4 is arranged with a layer of natural stone 1 to stabilize the shape of the pit bottom; in addition, some aquatic plants can be planted. The water area corresponding to the pit bottom is the deep water area 3, and the water area corresponding to the pit sidewall is the shallow water area 2. According to the change of water depth and the characteristics of plants, the plant planting area is reasonably arranged to ensure that each plant can grow in its suitable water area, form a diversified plant community, and enhance the stability and adaptability of the ecological system. The shallow water area 2 at the shore is provided with a shoal, and plants suitable for shallow water environment (such as water onion, calamus, etc.) are planted to provide safe spawning sites and growth space for fish. The deep water area 3 is planted with submerged plants (such as water grass and submerged algae), which provide fish with a hidden habitat and improve the oxygen content of the water body, promoting ecological balance. By planting different levels of aquatic plants, an ecologically balanced symbiotic system is constructed, and the self-purification ability of the water body can be further promoted by introducing beneficial microorganisms and insects to enhance the diversity and stability of the ecological system; insects provide nutrients for plants, plants provide habitat for fish, and fish provide fertilizer for plants through their excrement, and bacteria help to decompose organic matter in the soil to improve soil quality.

[0020] The two sides of the pit parallel to the flowing direction of the river are the water inlet and the water outlet respectively. The stepped water retaining dam arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet comprises natural stone blocks 1, cement blocks 5, tamped earth 6, a cement block stone wall 7 and gravel 8. The cement blocks 5 are arranged parallel to the riverbed, the edges of which are connected with the clay 4 layer at the edge of the pit, which ensures that the area near the bank is not water permeable and at the same time plays a role in reinforcing and supporting the water retaining dam. The cement block stone wall 7 is vertically inserted into the riverbed through the cement blocks 5, the bottom end of which is supported by the tamped earth 6 (the density of the cement blocks 5 and the tamped earth 6 is greater than or equal to 93%), and the part above the riverbed plays a major role in retaining water, and its height is reasonably planned according to the tidal changes of the specific river and the habitat requirements of fish. Different sizes of natural stone blocks 1 are arranged at the top and both sides of the cement block stone wall 7, which are nested and stacked by using their shape and weight, and the height and slope of the stack are suitable for the convenience of fish entering and leaving (between the habitat system and the external river). The gravel 8 is arranged between the natural stone blocks 1 to ensure that the gap between the stones is moderate, reducing the water flow speed and avoiding the influence of the water flow on the safety of fish; at the same time, the gravel 8 is also arranged on the bank of the pit to control the water depth of the shallow water area 2 near the stepped water retaining dam, so that it is suitable for planting purification belt plants, which are aquatic plants (such as reeds and cattails) that can adapt to wet environments. These plants can effectively absorb nutrients in water, filter pollutants, improve the self-purification ability of water bodies, improve water quality, and provide an environment for fish to inhabit and reproduce. It should be noted that the steppedness of the stepped water retaining dam is mainly reflected in the shape, and the water retaining function is mainly realized by the cement block stone wall 7, and the natural stone blocks 1 and the gravel 8 mainly play a role in controlling the water flow and sharing the water flow pressure on the cement block stone wall 7, and also form a channel for fish migration through the stepped arrangement. Due to the high stone wall, fish are difficult to jump directly, and by setting stone blocks and gravel steps near the stone wall, a step-by-step jumping path can be provided for fish, significantly improving the convenience of entering and leaving the water area.

[0021] In summary, the utility model discloses a simple artificial fish habitat system suitable for tidal river, which can effectively capture and store the water volume during the ebb tide, ensure the height and slope, facilitate the entry and exit of fish, ensure that aquatic organisms have enough habitat space during the tidal change, provide a safe refuge for fish and other organisms, and effectively maintain and improve the biodiversity of aquatic organisms and the stability of the ecological system. This is not only a key measure to maintain the natural ecology, but also an important practice to achieve the goal of sustainable development.

[0022] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above only describes the preferred examples of the utility model, and is not used to limit the utility model, although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, and still can modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples or make equivalent replacement to part of the technical features for those skilled in the art. The modification, equivalent replacement and the like within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A simple artificial fish habitat system suitable for use in a tidal river, the system comprising: The invention relates to a tidal riverway, comprising a pit arranged in the riverbed as a main body, natural stones, clay, and stepped dams arranged at the water inlet and outlet, wherein the water inlet and outlet are arranged on both sides of the pit parallel to the flowing direction of the river; The bottom of the pit is compacted, and the bottom and sidewall of the pit are paved with clay to make the pit watertight; natural stones are arranged on the surface of the clay; the water area corresponding to the bottom of the pit is a deep water area, and the water area corresponding to the sidewall of the pit is a shallow water area; submerged plants are planted in the deep water area, and shallow water plants are planted in the shallow water area; The stepped dam comprises natural stones, cement block stone walls, and gravel; the cement block stone walls are vertically inserted into the riverbed to be fixed, and the height of the cement block stone walls above the riverbed is set according to the tidal change of the riverway and the habitat demand of fish; natural stones are arranged at the top and both sides of the cement block stone walls, and the gravel is arranged between the natural stones.

2. The simple artificial fish habitat system for use in a tidal river according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepped dam further comprises cement blocks and rammed earth; the cement blocks are arranged parallel to the riverbed, and the edges of the cement blocks are connected to the clay layer of the pit edges; the rammed earth is arranged in the riverbed to support the cement block stone walls.

3. The simple artificial fish habitat system for use in a tidal river of claim 1, wherein, The gravel is arranged at the pit bank to control the water depth of the shallow water area near the stepped dam, so that the water depth is suitable for planting purification zone plants, and the purification zone plants are aquatic plants adapted to wet environments, including reeds and cattails.

4. The simple artificial fish habitat system for use in a tidal river of claim 1, wherein, The submerged plants include waterweeds and submerged algae.

5. The simple artificial fish habitat system for use in a tidal river of claim 1, wherein, The shallow water plants include water onions and calla.

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