Power supply circuit for realizing automatic priority switching based on hardware
By integrating hardware circuit design and utilizing components such as TVS diodes, MOSFETs, and transistors, automatic power priority switching is achieved, solving the problems of high cost and slow response speed caused by chip control, and realizing fast response and low cost power priority switching.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520428167.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-12
AI Technical Summary
In existing vehicle control systems, the use of chip-controlled power priority switching leads to increased production costs and slower response times.
The hardware circuit design integrates a first overvoltage protection circuit, a second overvoltage protection circuit, a first reverse protection circuit, a second reverse protection circuit, and a power switching circuit to achieve automatic power priority switching. The automatic power switching is achieved by using components such as TVS diodes, MOSFETs, and transistors.
It achieves rapid response in power priority, reduces production costs, avoids current sharing issues, and meets the rapid response requirements for vehicle power switching.
Smart Images
Figure CN223957345U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to vehicle control technical field, especially a kind of power supply circuit based on hardware implementation priority automatic switching. BACKGROUND
[0002] The power supply of part of the existing vehicle system to the lamp before and after vehicle unlocking and locking is from different modules of vehicle body, for example, the power supply of lamp before and after unlocking is from the power supply of different relay outputs of vehicle body, so that in the case of the two different power supplies, the lamp needs to realize normal work, and the power supply priority after vehicle ignition is obviously higher than that before ignition. The existing power supply priority switching usually uses chip control, which increases production cost and slows down the response speed.
[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a kind of power supply circuit based on hardware implementation priority automatic switching. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0004] The utility model aims at providing a kind of power supply circuit based on hardware implementation priority automatic switching, to solve the problem of increasing production cost and slow response speed caused by chip control power supply priority switching in prior art.
[0005] The utility model embodiment provides a kind of power supply circuit based on hardware implementation priority automatic switching, the first overvoltage protection circuit, second overvoltage protection circuit, first anti-reverse circuit, second anti-reverse circuit and power supply switching circuit are integrated in the power supply circuit;The input end of the first overvoltage protection circuit is connected to first power supply, the output end of the first overvoltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the first anti-reverse circuit, and the output end of the first anti-reverse circuit is externally connected to the post-stage circuit;The input end of the second overvoltage protection circuit is connected to second power supply, the output end of the second overvoltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the second anti-reverse circuit, and the output end of the second anti-reverse circuit is externally connected to the post-stage circuit;The power supply switching circuit is connected with the second overvoltage protection circuit, and the input end of the power supply switching circuit is connected to the first power supply.
[0006] Further, the first overvoltage protection circuit includes: TVS tube T1, first capacitor C1, second capacitor C2 and first resistor R1;Wherein, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in series, one end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded, the TVS tube T1 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 connected in series, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first capacitor C1, and the other end is grounded.
[0007] Further, the TVS tube T1 is a transient voltage suppression diode bidirectionally conducted.
[0008] Further, the first anti-reverse circuit comprises a first anti-reverse diode D1, wherein an anode of the first anti-reverse diode D1 is connected to the first overvoltage protection circuit, and a cathode of the first anti-reverse diode D1 is connected to a post-stage circuit.
[0009] Further, the second overvoltage protection circuit comprises a second resistor R2, a voltage stabilizing diode D3, a MOS tube Q1 and a fourth resistor R4, wherein one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to a second power supply and one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to an anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3, a cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is connected to a source of the MOS tube Q1, a drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the second anti-reverse circuit, a gate of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the power supply switching circuit through a third resistor R3, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the power supply switching circuit.
[0010] Further, the MOS tube Q1 is an NMOS tube, and the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is used for protecting the NMOS tube Q1.
[0011] Further, the second anti-reverse circuit comprises a second anti-reverse diode D2, wherein an anode of the second anti-reverse diode D2 is connected to the second overvoltage protection circuit, and a cathode of the second anti-reverse diode D2 is connected to a post-stage circuit.
[0012] Further, the power supply switching circuit comprises a sixth resistor R6, a fourth capacitor C4, a seventh resistor R7, a third transistor Q3, a third capacitor C3, a fifth resistor R5 and a second transistor Q2, wherein one end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first power supply, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the fourth capacitor C4, the seventh resistor R7, a base of the third transistor Q3, a collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the third capacitor C3, the fifth resistor R5 and a base of the second transistor Q2, an emitter of the third transistor Q3 is grounded, a collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the second overvoltage protection circuit through the third resistor R3, and an emitter of the second transistor Q2 is grounded.
[0013] Further, when the first power supply and the second power supply supply power independently, the post-stage circuit is supplied with power through the VOUT node.
[0014] Further, the power supply switching circuit is used for automatically switching the power supply of a high priority when the first power supply and the second power supply supply power simultaneously.
[0015] The utility model embodiment provides the beneficial effect brought by technical scheme is: the application provides a kind of power supply circuit based on hardware implementation priority automatic switching, first overvoltage protection circuit, second overvoltage protection circuit, first anti-reverse circuit, second anti-reverse circuit and power supply switching circuit are integrated in the power supply circuit;The input end of the first overvoltage protection circuit is connected to first power supply, and the output end of the first overvoltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the first anti-reverse circuit, and the output end of the first anti-reverse circuit is externally connected to the post-stage circuit;The input end of the second overvoltage protection circuit is connected to second power supply, and the output end of the second overvoltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the second anti-reverse circuit, and the output end of the second anti-reverse circuit is externally connected to the post-stage circuit;The power supply switching circuit is connected with the second overvoltage protection circuit, and the input end of the power supply switching circuit is connected to the first power supply.The advantage of this circuit is that, on the one hand, compared with other switching modes of software-controlled power supply priority, the response speed of this circuit is faster, can respond in time, and meet the demand.On the other hand, the circuit logic is simple, and it has great advantages in cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings needed to be used in embodiment description will be simply introduced below, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creating labor.
[0017] Fig. 1 It is a kind of power supply circuit structure schematic diagram based on hardware implementation priority automatic switching provided by the utility model embodiment.
[0018] Fig. 2 It is a kind of power supply circuit overall topology diagram based on hardware implementation priority automatic switching provided by the utility model embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the utility model more clear, the utility model embodiment will be further described in detail with the drawings.
[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the specification herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. For example, the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "upper end", "lower end", "middle", and the like, merely describe the orientation in the drawings on which the application resides.
[0021] The terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", "have" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and in the claims are intended to cover both the singular and the plural unless otherwise indicated; the terms "first", "second", "third", and the like, are used merely as identifiers to distinguish between different objects, and are not meant to be limiting as to a specific order or sequence.
[0022] Furthermore, reference herein to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are they necessarily mutually exclusive or alternative embodiments. It is expressly understood that the embodiments described herein are merely examples from a whole class of comparable embodiments which those skilled in the art will readily appreciate. It is also expressly understood that the application has hundreds of possible combinations to fall within the scope of the application and the principles and corollaries thereof.
[0023] Embodiments
[0024] For the sake of subsequent understanding, the overall inventive concept of the present application is described here: the present application provides a power supply circuit based on hardware to realize automatic switching of priority, two kinds of circuits for supplying lamps by the vehicle body, after the power supply switching circuit, the priority of power supply A can be realized to be higher than the demand of power supply B; power supply A and power supply B can both drive the rear circuit individually, but in the case of the existence of power supply A and power supply B at the same time, this hardware circuit can switch the connection between power supply B and the rear circuit, so as to realize the priority of power supply A to be higher than power supply B, and can avoid the problem of current sharing.
[0025] The specific implementation method is as follows:
[0026] As Figs. 1-2 The application provides a power supply circuit based on hardware to realize automatic switching of priority, as shown in the structural schematic diagram.
[0027] As an example, the power supply circuit is integrated with a first overvoltage protection circuit 1, a second overvoltage protection circuit 2, a first anti-reverse circuit 3, a second anti-reverse circuit 4 and a power supply switching circuit 5; the input end of the first overvoltage protection circuit 1 is connected to a first power supply (power supply A), the output end of the first overvoltage protection circuit 1 is connected to the input end of the first anti-reverse circuit 3, and the output end of the first anti-reverse circuit 3 is externally connected to a subsequent circuit; the input end of the second overvoltage protection circuit 2 is connected to a second power supply (power supply B), the output end of the second overvoltage protection circuit 2 is connected to the input end of the second anti-reverse circuit 4, and the output end of the second anti-reverse circuit 4 is externally connected to a subsequent circuit; the power supply switching circuit 5 is connected to the second overvoltage protection circuit 2, and the input end of the power supply switching circuit 5 is connected to the first power supply.
[0028] In some possible embodiments, the first overvoltage protection circuit 1 comprises a TVS tube T1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2 and a first resistor R1; wherein the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in series, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded, the TVS tube T1 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 connected in series, and one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first capacitor C1 and the other end is grounded. Wherein the TVS tube T1 is a bidirectional conduction transient voltage suppression diode.
[0029] In some possible embodiments, the first anti-reverse circuit 3 comprises a first anti-reverse diode D1, wherein the anode of the first anti-reverse diode D1 is connected to the first overvoltage protection circuit 1, and the cathode of the first anti-reverse diode D1 is externally connected to a subsequent circuit.
[0030] In some possible embodiments, the second overvoltage protection circuit 2 comprises a second resistor R2, a voltage stabilizing diode D3, a MOS tube Q1 and a fourth resistor R4; wherein one end of the second resistor R2 is externally connected to a second power supply and one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3, the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is connected to the source of the MOS tube Q1, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the second anti-reverse circuit 4, the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the power supply switching circuit 5 through a third resistor R3, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the power supply switching circuit 5. Wherein the MOS tube Q1 is an NMOS tube, the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is used for protecting the NMOS tube Q1, and the on-voltage range of the NMOS tube Q1 is reduced, and the gate-source on-voltage of the NMOS tube is as stable as possible.
[0031] In some possible embodiments, the second anti-reverse circuit 4 comprises a second anti-reverse diode D2, wherein an anode of the second anti-reverse diode D2 is connected to the second overvoltage protection circuit 2, and a cathode of the second anti-reverse diode D2 is externally connected to the post-stage circuit.
[0032] In some possible embodiments, the power switching circuit 5 comprises a sixth resistor R6, a fourth capacitor C4, a seventh resistor R7, a third transistor Q3, a third capacitor C3, a fifth resistor R5, and a second transistor Q2; wherein one end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first power supply, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the fourth capacitor C4, the seventh resistor R7, and the base of the third transistor Q3; the collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the third capacitor C3, the fifth resistor R5, and the base of the second transistor Q2; the emitter of the third transistor Q3 is grounded; the collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the second overvoltage protection circuit 2 through a third resistor R3; and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is grounded.
[0033] In some possible embodiments, when the first power supply and the second power supply supply power independently, the post-stage circuit is supplied with power through the VOUT node.
[0034] In some possible embodiments, the power switching circuit 5 is used to automatically switch the power supply of a high priority when the first power supply and the second power supply supply power simultaneously.
[0035] In some possible embodiments, the working principle of the power supply circuit is as follows:
[0036] The VOUT is a node that needs to be passed through when the power supply A and the power supply B supply power independently. When the power supply A supplies power independently, only the surge voltage of the TVS tube T1 and the RC filter and the anti-reverse of the first diode D1 are passed through, and then the post-stage circuit can be supplied with power; when the power supply B supplies power independently, the power supply B is divided by the second resistor R2 and the fourth resistor R4, so that the NMOS tube Q1 is turned on and grounded, and the NMOS tube G (gate) is grounded. After being turned on, the power supply B can supply power to the post-stage circuit. However, when the power supply A and the power supply B supply power simultaneously, the power supply A is divided by the resistor and makes the transistor turned on and grounded, so that the base of the transistor is grounded and cannot be turned on. Furthermore, the NMOS tube cannot be turned on, and the connection between the power supply B and the post-stage is cut off, and only the power supply A supplies power to the post-stage circuit, thereby realizing the requirement that the priority of the power supply A is higher than that of the power supply B.
[0037] The above embodiment provides a power supply circuit based on hardware to realize automatic switching of priority, two circuits supplied by the vehicle body to the lamp, after the power supply switching circuit, the priority of power supply A is higher than the demand of power supply B; power supply A and power supply B can separately drive the subsequent circuit, but in the case of power supply A and power supply B existing at the same time, this hardware circuit can switch the connection of power supply B and the subsequent circuit, so as to realize that the priority of power supply A is higher than power supply B, and the current sharing problem can be avoided. The advantage of this circuit is that, on the one hand, compared with other switching methods such as software control of power supply priority, the response speed of this circuit is faster, which can respond in time and meet the demand. On the other hand, the circuit logic is simple, and the cost is extremely advantageous.
[0038] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A power supply circuit for implementing automatic switching of priority based on hardware, characterized by, The power supply circuit is integrated with a first overvoltage protection circuit, a second overvoltage protection circuit, a first anti-reverse circuit, a second anti-reverse circuit and a power supply switching circuit; The input end of the first overvoltage protection circuit is connected to a first power supply, the output end of the first overvoltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the first anti-reverse circuit, and the output end of the first anti-reverse circuit is connected to a subsequent circuit; The input end of the second overvoltage protection circuit is connected to a second power supply, the output end of the second overvoltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the second anti-reverse circuit, and the output end of the second anti-reverse circuit is connected to a subsequent circuit; The power supply switching circuit is connected to the second overvoltage protection circuit, and the input end of the power supply switching circuit is connected to the first power supply.
2. The power supply circuit based on hardware implementation priority automatic switching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first overvoltage protection circuit comprises a TVS tube T1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2 and a first resistor R1; The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in series, one end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded, the TVS tube T1 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 connected in series, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first capacitor C1, and the other end is grounded.
3. The power supply circuit based on hardware implementation priority automatic switching according to claim 2, characterized in that, The TVS tube T1 is a bidirectional transient voltage suppression diode.
4. The power supply circuit based on hardware implementation priority automatic switching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first anti-reverse circuit comprises a first anti-reverse diode D1, wherein the anode of the first anti-reverse diode D1 is connected to the first overvoltage protection circuit, and the cathode of the first anti-reverse diode D1 is connected to a subsequent circuit.
5. The hardware-based priority automatic switchover power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein, The second overvoltage protection circuit comprises a second resistor R2, a voltage stabilizing diode D3, a MOS tube Q1 and a fourth resistor R4; The second resistor R2 is connected to the second power supply and one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3, the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is connected to the source of the MOS tube Q1, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the second anti-reverse circuit, the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the power supply switching circuit through a third resistor R3, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the power supply switching circuit.
6. The power supply circuit based on hardware implementation priority automatic switching according to claim 5, characterized in that, The MOS tube Q1 is an NMOS tube, and the voltage stabilizing diode D3 is used for protecting the NMOS tube Q1.
7. The hardware-based priority automatic switchover power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein, The second anti-reverse circuit comprises a second anti-reverse diode D2, wherein the anode of the second anti-reverse diode D2 is connected to the second overvoltage protection circuit, and the cathode of the second anti-reverse diode D2 is connected to a subsequent circuit.
8. The hardware-based priority automatic switchover power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein, The power supply switching circuit comprises a sixth resistor R6, a fourth capacitor C4, a seventh resistor R7, a third triode Q3, a third capacitor C3, a fifth resistor R5 and a second triode Q2; The sixth resistor R6 has one end connected to the first power supply and the other end connected to the fourth capacitor C4, the seventh resistor R7 and the base of the third transistor Q3. The collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the third capacitor C3, the fifth resistor R5 and the base of the second transistor Q2. The emitter of the third transistor Q3 is grounded. The collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the second overvoltage protection circuit through the third resistor R3. The emitter of the second transistor Q2 is grounded.
9. The hardware-based priority automatic switchover power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein, The first power supply and the second power supply supply power to the subsequent circuit through the VOUT node.
10. The hardware-based priority automatic switchover power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein, The power supply switching circuit is used for automatically switching the power supply of the high priority when the first power supply and the second power supply supply power at the same time.