Oil gun flameout protection device in boiler starting process of circulating fluidized bed boiler

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of ignition equipment of circulating fluidized bed boilers, and particularly discloses an oil gun flameout protection device in the starting process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which comprises a combustion chamber and a PLC (programmable logic controller), an oil supply pipe is communicated below the combustion chamber, an oil gun is arranged at one end of the oil supply pipe, and a stop valve is arranged on the oil supply pipe. An observation hole is formed in the side wall of the combustion chamber, heat insulation glass is arranged on the observation hole, a support is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side, provided with the observation hole, of the combustion chamber, a plurality of flame sensors are arranged on the support, and each flame sensor is electrically connected with the PLC. In order to solve the problem of equipment damage caused by the fact that accidental flameout of an oil gun cannot be found and processed in time in the prior art, the flame sensor is arranged near the oil gun in an omnibearing and dead-corner-free mode, so that the effect of monitoring flame radiation signals of the oil gun in real time is achieved, and the problem that equipment is damaged after the accidental flameout of the oil gun occurs is solved. And the problem that equipment is damaged due to incapability of timely discovering and processing is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of ignition equipment for circulating fluidized bed boilers, specifically to a flameout protection device for oil guns during the start-up process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler. Background Technology

[0002] Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers represent the most industrialized clean coal combustion technology. Employing fluidized bed combustion, the main structure comprises two parts: the combustion chamber and the recirculating furnace. The combustion chamber includes dense and dilute phase zones, while the recirculating furnace includes a high-temperature gas-solid separator and a return system. The biggest difference between CFB boiler combustion technology and bubbling fluidized bed combustion technology is the higher operating velocity, which enhances heterogeneous reaction processes such as combustion and desulfurization. This allows for the expansion of boiler capacity to large levels acceptable to the power industry, such as 600MW or higher. Currently, CFB boilers have effectively solved fundamental problems related to thermodynamics, mechanics, and materials science, as well as engineering issues such as expansion, wear, and overheating, making them an advanced technology for the energy utilization of difficult-to-burn solid fuels such as coal gangue, oil shale, municipal waste, sludge, and other waste materials.

[0003] In the startup process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, the oil gun plays a crucial role, providing initial heat to heat the bed material and establish stable combustion conditions. However, in actual startup operations, the oil gun may unexpectedly shut down for various reasons, such as unstable fuel supply, poor oil gun atomization, imbalanced airflow ratio, abnormal furnace pressure, and oil gun malfunction. If the oil gun shuts down and is not detected and addressed promptly, it can lead to equipment damage and energy waste. Continued fuel injection will accumulate in the furnace, and when it reaches a certain concentration, under suitable conditions, it may trigger a deflagration or other serious safety accidents, posing a significant threat to boiler equipment and personnel safety. Therefore, for circulating fluidized bed boiler operators, timely detection and handling of oil gun shutdown issues is of paramount importance.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this utility model provides a flameout protection device for oil guns during the start-up process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler. This device aims to prevent equipment damage caused by the inability to promptly detect and address accidental flameouts of oil guns, thereby avoiding serious safety accidents such as furnace deflagration. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a flameout protection device for oil guns during the start-up process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, so as to solve the problem that equipment damage may occur due to the inability to detect and deal with the accidental flameout of the oil gun in time.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution provided by this utility model is as follows: a flameout protection device for oil guns during the start-up process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, comprising a combustion chamber and a PLC controller. An oil supply pipe is connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber, an oil gun is provided at one end of the oil supply pipe, a shut-off valve is provided on the oil supply pipe, an observation hole is provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber, and heat-insulating glass is provided on the observation hole. A bracket is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the combustion chamber on the side with the observation hole, and a plurality of flame sensors are provided on the bracket. Each flame sensor is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0007] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: when the oil gun is burning, the flame sensor monitors the flame radiation signal of the oil gun in real time and transmits the monitored data to the PLC controller. When the flame sensor detects that the oil gun is extinguished, the on-site personnel quickly shut off the shut-off valve, and then inspect and deal with the oil gun. After the fault is eliminated, the oil gun is restarted.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By setting flame sensors around the oil gun in all directions without blind spots, this utility model can realize real-time monitoring of the flame radiation signal of the oil gun. This design enables the staff to obtain the flame radiation signal of the oil gun in real time, and can promptly detect and deal with the situation when the oil gun goes out, effectively avoiding serious safety accidents such as furnace deflagration.

[0009] Option 2, which is a preferred option of the basic option, is a solenoid valve that is electrically connected to a PLC controller. The PLC controller can remotely control the opening and closing of the shut-off valve, which is convenient for operators. When the fuel nozzle is turned off, the fuel supply can be quickly cut off through the PLC controller to prevent fuel from continuing to be injected into the combustion chamber.

[0010] Option 3, a preferred option of the basic scheme, includes an ultraviolet flame sensor and an infrared flame sensor, both of which are electrically connected to the PLC controller. The ultraviolet flame sensor has high sensitivity to the ultraviolet radiation generated when the oil gun is burning, and can quickly detect the presence of a flame. The infrared flame sensor can monitor the infrared radiation of the flame, which can effectively compensate for the blind spots of the ultraviolet flame sensor in some cases, thereby ensuring that the radiation signal of the oil gun flame can be monitored in all directions without blind spots.

[0011] Option 4, a preferred option of the basic option, is provided with a hydraulic valve on the fuel supply pipe, which is electrically connected to the PLC controller; when the shut-off valve is closed, the PLC controller closes the hydraulic valve to lock the fuel supply pipe a second time, further improving the reliability of fuel cut-off.

[0012] Option 5, which is a preferred option of the basic option, is that the PLC controller is connected to an audible and visual alarm; when the oil gun is malfunctioning, the audible and visual alarm will flash frequently and emit a sharp alarm sound, which can attract the attention of the staff and allow them to take appropriate measures in a timely manner.

[0013] Option 6, a preferred option of the basic option, involves maintaining a 100mm distance between the ultraviolet flame sensor and the infrared flame sensor and the observation hole. This distance effectively prevents overheating and damage to the ultraviolet flame sensor and the infrared flame sensor. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an oil gun flameout protection device for the start-up process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments:

[0016] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Combustion chamber; 2. Fuel supply pipe; 3. Fuel gun; 4. Shut-off valve; 5. Observation hole; 6. Heat-insulating glass; 7. Bracket; 8. Ultraviolet flame sensor; 9. Infrared flame sensor; 10. Hydraulic valve.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown: A flameout protection device for oil guns during the start-up process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler includes a combustion chamber 1 and a PLC controller. An oil supply pipe 2 is connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber 1. An oil gun 3 is provided at one end of the oil supply pipe 2. A shut-off valve 4 and a hydraulic valve 10 are provided on the oil supply pipe 2. Both the shut-off valve 4 and the hydraulic valve 10 are solenoid valves. The shut-off valve 4 and the hydraulic valve 10 are electrically connected to the PLC controller. An audible and visual alarm is electrically connected to the PLC controller. An observation hole 5 is provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber 1. A heat-insulating glass 6 is provided on the observation hole 5. A bracket 7 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the combustion chamber 1 on the side with the observation hole 5. Several flame sensors are provided on the bracket 7. The flame sensors include an ultraviolet flame sensor 8 and an infrared flame sensor 9. The ultraviolet flame sensor 8 and the infrared flame sensor 9 are both 100mm away from the observation hole 5. The ultraviolet flame sensor 8 and the infrared flame sensor 9 are both electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0018] The implementation method of this embodiment is as follows: When the oil gun 3 is burning, the ultraviolet flame sensor 8 and the infrared flame sensor 9 monitor the flame radiation signal of the oil gun 3 in real time and transmit the monitored data to the PLC controller. The PLC controller analyzes the transmitted data. When the ultraviolet flame sensor 8 and the infrared flame sensor 9 detect that the oil gun 3 is extinguished, the PLC controller quickly closes the shut-off valve 4 and the hydraulic valve 10. At the same time, the audible and visual alarm sounds. After receiving the alarm signal, the staff will check and deal with the oil gun 3. After the fault is eliminated, the oil gun 3 can be restarted.

[0019] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. These modifications will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A flameout protection device for oil guns during the start-up process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, characterized in that, The combustion chamber (1) includes a combustion chamber (1) and a PLC controller. The combustion chamber (1) is connected to an oil supply pipe (2) at the bottom. One end of the oil supply pipe (2) is equipped with an oil gun (3). A shut-off valve (4) is provided on the oil supply pipe (2). An observation hole (5) is provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber (1). A heat-insulating glass (6) is provided on the observation hole (5). A bracket (7) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side of the combustion chamber (1) where the observation hole (5) is provided. Several flame sensors are provided on the bracket (7). Each flame sensor is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

2. The oil gun flameout protection device during the start-up process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shut-off valve (4) is a solenoid valve, and the shut-off valve (4) is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

3. The oil gun flameout protection device during the start-up process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame sensor includes an ultraviolet flame sensor (8) and an infrared flame sensor (9), both of which are electrically connected to the PLC controller.

4. The oil gun flameout protection device during the start-up process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil supply pipe (2) is equipped with a hydraulic valve (10), which is a solenoid valve and is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

5. The oil gun flameout protection device during the start-up process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PLC controller is connected to an audible and visual alarm.

6. The oil gun flameout protection device during the start-up process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the ultraviolet flame sensor (8) and the infrared flame sensor (9) are spaced 100 mm apart from the heat-insulating glass (6).

Images