Variable flow combustion chamber and jet engine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a variable flow combustion chamber and a jet engine, belongs to the technical field of jet engines, and solves the problem that the combustion performance of a combustion chamber of a traditional jet engine with fixed air flow distribution cannot be considered under the working conditions of a ground take-off state and an air state. The combustor comprises an outer-ring inner-layer casing, an outer-ring outer-layer casing and a flame tube, the outer-ring outer-layer casing and the flame tube are both connected with one end of the outer-ring inner-layer casing, the other end of the outer-ring inner-layer casing is an air inlet end, the outer-ring outer-layer casing can be close to or far away from the flame tube, and the outer-ring outer-layer casing can be close to or far away from the flame tube. And the air inlet pipe is used for adjusting the air inlet amount of the flame tube. Compared with the prior art, the outer-ring inner-layer casing can be close to or far away from the flame tube, the air inflow of the flame tube is changed, and the combustion chamber can give consideration to the engine power performance in the air state and the engine power performance in the ground state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of jet engine technology, and in particular relates to a variable flow combustion chamber and a jet engine. Background Technology

[0002] The airflow distribution in the combustion chamber of an aero-jet engine is determined by the openings in the flame tube and the air intake at the combustion chamber head. Since the air intake and flame tube opening schemes are fixed and unique, the airflow distribution in the combustion chamber is constant during operation. However, with the increasing demands and development of aircraft, the operating range of aero-engines is expanding, and the operating conditions and fuel-air ratio variations in the combustion chamber are also becoming more diverse. For jet engines employing traditional fixed airflow distribution, the significant difference in fuel-air ratio between ground takeoff and in-flight conditions makes it impossible to simultaneously achieve optimal combustion performance under all operating conditions.

[0003] Currently, existing variable geometry combustors employ variable flow distribution technology, all of which aim to maintain a constant total effective orifice area. For aero-engine combustors operating over a wide range, such as high-speed turbojet engines (see the J58 engine and the SR71 power plant), the Mach number at the combustor inlet differs significantly between ground and cruise flight conditions. Traditional flow distribution technology that maintains a constant total effective orifice area cannot adequately address the power performance under both conditions. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on the above analysis, this utility model aims to provide a variable flow combustion chamber to solve the problem that the combustion performance of traditional jet engines with fixed airflow distribution cannot be balanced under various operating conditions due to the large difference in the working air-fuel ratio between ground takeoff and airborne conditions.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A variable flow combustion chamber includes an outer ring inner casing, an outer ring outer casing, and a flame tube. The outer ring outer casing and the flame tube are both connected to one end of the outer ring inner casing. The other end of the outer ring inner casing is an air inlet. The outer ring inner casing can approach or move away from the flame tube and is used to adjust the air intake of the flame tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer ring inner casing is composed of multiple casing plates. Each casing plate includes a plate body and a connecting rod. The plate body includes an inner wall surface facing the flame tube and an outer wall surface facing away from the flame tube. The connecting rod is disposed on the outer wall surface of the plate body and passes through the outer ring outer casing. An air passage is formed between the outer ring inner casing and the flame tube. Pushing or pulling the connecting rod can change the cross-sectional area of ​​the air passage, thereby changing the air intake of the flame tube.

[0008] Furthermore, the plate is a flat plate, and multiple plates can be connected. The edges of two adjacent plates can be connected to each other to form a prismatic sleeve with a closed cylindrical wall.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner surface of the plate is the same as the outer surface of the flame tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the edges of two adjacent plates can be connected to each other to form a sleeve with a closed cylindrical wall.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a push-pull mechanism, the connecting rod is connected to the push-pull mechanism, the push-pull mechanism outputs linear motion thereby driving the connecting rod to move in the radial direction along the inner casing of the outer ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the push-pull mechanism is a linear unit or lead screw pair driven by a motor.

[0013] Furthermore, the flame tube is provided with multiple air inlets, which are used to allow air to enter the flame tube.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a head air intake device, which is connected to the flame tube and is disposed in the air intake direction of the flame tube. The head air intake device is used to control the air intake of the flame tube.

[0015] A jet engine including the aforementioned variable-flow combustion chamber.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) Compared with the prior art, the outer ring inner casing can approach or move away from the flame tube, changing the air intake of the flame tube. The combustion chamber of this utility model can take into account the engine power performance in both air and ground states.

[0018] (2) Pushing and pulling the connecting rod of this utility model can make the plate body move closer to or away from the flame tube along the radial direction of the inner casing of the outer ring, thereby changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the air channel and thus changing the air intake of the flame tube.

[0019] (3) Multiple plates of this utility model can be connected to form a sleeve with a closed cylinder wall. The edges of two adjacent plates can be connected to each other to close the air inlet of the flame tube. The air intake of the flame tube is minimized, and the outer ring inner casing is in a closed state. At this time, the engine operating condition is suitable for the working fuel-air ratio in the air state. Multiple plates can be moved away from each other, and the outer ring inner casing is in an open state. The air inlet of the flame tube is opened, and the air intake of the flame tube is increased. At this time, the engine operating condition is suitable for the working fuel-air ratio in the ground takeoff state.

[0020] (4) The connecting rod is connected to the push-pull mechanism, which is a linear unit or lead screw driven by a motor, and can quickly adjust the opening and closing of the inner casing of the outer ring.

[0021] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages will become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing this invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from the details specifically pointed out in the text and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial section structure of the combustion chamber;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the inner casing of the outer ring in a closed state;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the inner casing of the outer ring in an open state.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] 1-Outer ring inner casing; 2-Outer ring outer casing; 3-Head air intake device; 4-Flame tube; 11-Plate body; 12-Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A specific embodiment of this utility model is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a variable flow combustion chamber (hereinafter referred to as the combustion chamber) is disclosed, including an inner outer ring casing 1, an outer outer ring casing 2, and a flame tube 4. Both the outer outer ring casing 2 and the flame tube 4 are connected to one end of the inner outer ring casing 1, and the other end of the inner outer ring casing 1 is the air inlet. The outer outer ring casing 2 can approach or move away from the flame tube 4 and is used to adjust the air intake of the flame tube 4.

[0031] Preferably, the flame tube 4 is provided with multiple air inlets, which are used to allow air to enter the flame tube 4.

[0032] Preferred, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the inner outer ring casing 1 is composed of multiple casing plates. Each casing plate includes a plate body 11 and a connecting rod 12. The plate body 11 includes an inner wall surface facing the flame tube 4 and an outer wall surface facing away from the flame tube 4. The connecting rod 12 is disposed on the outer wall surface of the plate body 11 and passes through the outer outer ring casing 2. One end of the plate body 11 abuts against the outer outer ring casing 2. Pulling the connecting rod 12 can push the plate body 11 closer to or away from the flame tube 4.

[0033] Preferably, to prevent the plate 11 from rotating around the connecting rod 12, there are two connecting rods 12, both of which are located on the outer wall of the plate 11, and the extension lines of the two connecting rods 12 in the length direction intersect the axis of the inner casing 1 of the outer ring. Pulling the connecting rods 12 can push the plate 11 closer to or away from the flame tube 4 in the radial direction of the inner casing 1 of the outer ring.

[0034] Preferably, an air passage is formed between the outer ring inner casing 1 and the flame tube 4. The larger the cross-sectional area of ​​the air passage, the greater the air intake of the flame tube 4. The push-pull linkage 12 can change the cross-sectional area of ​​the air passage, thereby changing the air intake of the flame tube 4. The combustion chamber of this embodiment can take into account the engine power performance in both air and ground states.

[0035] Preferably, the inner surface of the plate 11 is the same as the outer surface of the flame tube 4. Multiple plates 11 can be connected to form a sleeve with a closed cylinder wall. The edges of two adjacent plates 11 can be connected to each other to close the air inlet of the flame tube 4, minimizing the air intake of the flame tube 4. The outer ring inner casing 1 is in a closed state, and the engine operating condition is suitable for the working fuel-air ratio in the air. Multiple plates 11 can be moved apart, and the outer ring inner casing 1 is in an open state, opening the air inlet of the flame tube 4 and increasing the air intake of the flame tube 4. At this time, the engine operating condition is suitable for the working fuel-air ratio in the ground takeoff state.

[0036] Alternatively, plate 11 can be a flat plate, and multiple plates 11 can be connected. The edges of two adjacent plates 11 can be connected to each other to form a prismatic sleeve with a closed cylinder wall, which does not completely seal the air inlet of the flame tube 4. However, at this time, the air intake of the flame tube 4 is minimal, and air can still be delivered into the flame tube 4.

[0037] Preferably, the combustion chamber in this embodiment further includes a push-pull mechanism, and the connecting rod 12 is connected to the push-pull mechanism. The push-pull mechanism is a linear unit or lead screw driven by a motor, which can quickly adjust the opening and closing of the inner casing 1 of the outer ring.

[0038] Compared to existing technologies, the outer ring outer casing 2 can approach or move away from the flame tube 4, and the combustion chamber can take into account the engine power performance in both air and ground states; the push-pull linkage 12 can push the plate 11 closer to or further away from the flame tube 4 in the radial direction of the outer ring inner casing 1, thereby changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the air passage and thus changing the air intake of the flame tube 4; multiple plates 11 can be connected to form a sleeve with a closed cylinder wall, and the edges of two adjacent plates 11 can be connected to each other to close the air intake of the flame tube 4, so that the air intake of the flame tube 4 is minimized and the outer ring inner casing 1 is in a closed state. At this time, the engine operating condition is suitable for the working fuel-air ratio in the air state; multiple plates 11 can move away from each other, and the outer ring inner casing is in an open state, opening the air intake of the flame tube 4 and increasing the air intake of the flame tube 4. At this time, the engine operating condition is suitable for the working fuel-air ratio in the ground takeoff state. The combustion chamber of this embodiment can take into account the engine power performance in both air and ground states; the connecting rod 12 is connected to the push-pull mechanism, which is a linear unit or lead screw driven by a motor, and can quickly adjust the opening and closing of the inner casing 1 of the outer ring.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] Preferred, such as Figure 1 As shown, the combustion chamber of this embodiment also includes a head air intake device 3, which is connected to the flame tube 4 and is arranged in the air intake direction of the flame tube 4. The head air intake device 3 is used to control the air intake of the flame tube 4.

[0041] When the outer ring inner casing 1 is in the closed state, the airflow distribution of the flame tube depends on the individual throttling of the flame tube air inlet and the air intake device at the head of the combustion chamber. At this time, the effective air intake area of ​​the flame tube is large and the air intake volume at the head is small, which matches the characteristics of low fuel-air ratio and higher inlet Mach number in high-altitude cruise state compared to ground state. The engine operating condition is suitable for the working fuel-air ratio in the air state. When the multiple plates 11 are far apart and the outer ring inner casing 1 is in the open state, the airflow distribution of the flame tube depends on the combined throttling effective area of ​​the two channels constructed by the outer ring inner casing 1 and the flame tube air inlet, as well as the air intake device at the head of the combustion chamber (such as a vortex generator). At this time, the effective air intake area of ​​the flame tube is small and the air intake volume at the head is large, which matches the characteristics of high fuel-air ratio and lower inlet Mach number in ground takeoff state compared to air state. The engine operating condition is suitable for the working fuel-air ratio in ground takeoff state.

[0042] Example 3:

[0043] This embodiment discloses a jet engine, including the variable flow combustion chamber of Embodiment 1.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A variable flow combustion chamber, characterized in that, It includes an outer ring inner casing (1), an outer ring outer casing (2), and a flame tube (4). The outer ring outer casing (2) and the flame tube (4) are both connected to one end of the outer ring inner casing (1). The other end of the outer ring inner casing (1) is the air inlet. The outer ring inner casing (1) can approach or move away from the flame tube (4) and is used to adjust the air intake of the flame tube (4). The outer ring inner casing (1) is composed of multiple casing plates. Each casing plate includes a plate body (11) and a connecting rod (12). The plate body (11) includes an inner wall surface facing the flame tube (4) and an outer wall surface facing away from the flame tube (4). The connecting rod (12) is disposed on the outer wall surface of the plate body (11) and passes through the outer ring outer casing (2). There is an air passage between the outer ring inner casing (1) and the flame tube (4). Pushing and pulling the connecting rod (12) can change the cross-sectional area of ​​the air passage, thereby changing the air intake of the flame tube (4).

2. The variable flow combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plate (11) is a flat plate, and multiple plates (11) can be connected. The edges of two adjacent plates (11) can be connected to each other to form a prismatic sleeve with a closed cylindrical wall.

3. The variable flow combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surface of the plate (11) is the same as the outer surface of the flame tube (4).

4. The variable flow combustion chamber according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The edges of two adjacent plates (11) can be connected to each other to form a sleeve with a closed cylinder wall.

5. The variable flow combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a push-pull mechanism, the connecting rod (12) is connected to the push-pull mechanism, the push-pull mechanism outputs linear motion to drive the connecting rod (12) to move in the radial direction along the inner casing (1) of the outer ring.

6. The variable flow combustion chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that, The push-pull mechanism is a linear unit or lead screw pair driven by a motor.

7. The variable flow combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame tube (4) is provided with multiple air inlets, which are used to allow air to enter the flame tube (4).

8. The variable flow combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a head air intake device (3), which is connected to the flame tube (4) and is located in the air intake direction of the flame tube (4). The head air intake device (3) is used to control the air intake of the flame tube (4).

9. A jet engine, characterized in that, Includes the variable flow combustion chamber as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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