Shield tail gap measuring device for duct piece type selection in shield tunneling machine construction

Abstract

The utility model provides a shield tail gap measuring device for duct piece type selection in shield tunneling machine construction, and relates to the technical field of shield tunneling method construction. The measuring device comprises a control unit and a plurality of ultrasonic sensors arranged at the tail of the shield, and the ultrasonic sensors are annularly distributed on the inner ring face of the tail of the shield and used for collecting gap data of the tail of the shield. And the plurality of ultrasonic sensors are in communication connection with the control unit. According to the measuring device, the shield tail gap can be subjected to omnibearing scanning measurement, compared with a fixed-angle sensor layout, shield tail gap data of more angles can be obtained, the comprehensiveness and accuracy of measurement are greatly improved, the overall construction efficiency can be improved, and then the engineering cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of shield tunneling construction technology, and more specifically, to a shield tail gap measuring device used for segment selection during shield machine construction. Background Technology

[0002] Shield tunneling is a specialized construction technique for excavating and lining tunnels underground. During construction, the main operation relies on a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The cutters at the front of the TBM cut the soil, while jacks propel the TBM forward. Throughout the excavation process, the shield plays a crucial role, providing strong support to the surrounding soil, preventing collapse, and creating a safe working space for subsequent operations. As the TBM advances, prefabricated segments are assembled sequentially at the tail end to form a stable circular lining structure. This lining structure bears a vital responsibility: it must withstand pressure from the ground and possess excellent waterproofing and moisture-proofing properties to ensure the tunnel's safety and stability during operation. Shield tunneling is highly adaptable to various geological conditions and minimizes adverse impacts on surface traffic and the surrounding environment, making it widely used in various engineering projects such as subways, highway tunnels, and underwater tunnels.

[0003] Among the many stages of shield tunneling construction, tail clearance measurement plays a crucial role. Tail clearance refers to the space between the inner wall of the shield's tail shell and the outer wall of the assembled tunnel lining segments. The size of this clearance is closely related to construction safety and tunnel quality. Accurate tail clearance measurement helps construction personnel adjust the shield's attitude in a timely manner, avoiding damage to the segments due to an insufficient clearance or serious problems such as ground deformation and water leakage due to an excessive clearance. Furthermore, accurate tail clearance measurement data is a key basis for shield segment selection. Appropriate segment selection helps ensure the stability of the tunnel lining structure, improves construction efficiency, and ultimately reduces project costs.

[0004] Currently, the main method for measuring the shield tail gap is contact measurement. In practice, this is usually done manually using calipers or a special measuring rod. The advantage of this method is its simplicity, directness, and ease of understanding. However, it has many limitations. The complex working environment inside the tunnel boring machine (TBM) – confined space, dampness, and continuous vibration – makes operation extremely inconvenient for surveyors, making it difficult to guarantee measurement accuracy. More importantly, this method cannot achieve real-time measurement, failing to provide timely and accurate data support for construction personnel. Consequently, it cannot provide accurate data for selecting TBM segments, impacting the safety and efficiency of construction to some extent. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a shield tail gap measuring device for segment selection in tunnel boring machine construction. This device can measure the shield tail gap in real time and provide accurate data support for shield selection and construction.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, this utility model provides a shield tail gap measuring device for segment selection during tunnel boring machine construction. The measuring device includes a control unit and multiple ultrasonic sensors arranged in a ring on the inner ring surface of the shield tail to collect shield tail gap data. All ultrasonic sensors are communicatively connected to the control unit.

[0007] A further technical solution of this utility model: The measuring device further includes an annular positioning component and a driving mechanism. The annular positioning component is rotatably installed on the inner side of the shield tail and is arranged along the circumference of the shield tail. Multiple ultrasonic sensors are distributed and installed on the inner ring surface of the annular positioning component, with the probe of each ultrasonic sensor facing the rear side of the shield tail. The driving mechanism is installed on the inner side of the shield tail and is connected to the annular positioning component through a transmission mechanism to drive the annular positioning component to rotate within the shield tail. The control unit is signal-connected to the control terminal of the driving mechanism.

[0008] The preferred technical solution of this utility model is as follows: the measuring device further includes a data acquisition module. The data acquisition module and the control unit are both installed in the shield machine control room. The data acquisition module is connected to the ultrasonic sensor and the control unit. The data acquisition module is used to acquire the operating parameter data of the shield machine and transmit it to the control unit. The operating parameter data includes the propulsion speed, cutterhead torque, ground pressure and attitude angle.

[0009] The preferred technical solution of this utility model is as follows: multiple ultrasonic sensors are evenly distributed on the annular positioning component; a toothed ring is provided on the inner ring surface of the annular positioning component; the driving mechanism is a drive motor, and its output shaft is connected to a drive gear, which meshes with the toothed ring.

[0010] The preferred technical solution of this utility model is that each ultrasonic sensor is mounted on a ring-shaped positioning component via a gimbal.

[0011] The preferred technical solution of this utility model is as follows: the measuring device further includes a display terminal and a data storage and feedback module, and the control unit is signal-connected to the display terminal and the data storage and feedback module.

[0012] The preferred technical solution of this utility model is as follows: the drive mechanism and the drive gear are provided with a protective cover, and a notch is opened on the upper part of the protective cover corresponding to the position of the drive gear.

[0013] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] (1) This utility model is equipped with multiple ultrasonic sensors, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the shield tail to collect shield tail gap data in real time and present the gap status between the shield tail and the tube segment from all directions.

[0015] (2) Multiple ultrasonic sensors of this utility model are installed on the inner side of the shield tail through an annular positioning component, and the annular positioning component rotates relative to the shield tail. The rotation is controlled by the adjustment mechanism to realize the position of the ultrasonic sensors in the circumferential distribution of the shield tail. This ensures that the shield tail gap can be scanned and measured in all directions. Compared with the fixed angle sensor layout, more angles of shield tail gap data can be obtained, which greatly improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the measurement and provides more accurate data basis for the selection of shield tunnel segments.

[0016] (3) The measurement data of this utility model is transmitted to the big data analysis module, which can provide accurate data support for the big data analysis module to select shield tunnel segments, and the measured data can also be displayed through the display terminal;

[0017] (4) The measuring device also includes a data acquisition module for acquiring the operating parameter data of the tunnel boring machine. It can simultaneously acquire operating parameter data such as propulsion speed, cutterhead torque, ground pressure and attitude angle, and transmit them to the big data analysis module. Together with the measurement data, it provides accurate data support for the selection of tunnel segments.

[0018] Compared with traditional contact measurement methods, this invention has the advantages of high precision and accuracy, which helps to improve overall construction efficiency and reduce project costs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of section A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control principle of this utility model.

[0022] Icons: 1-Shield tail, 2-Ultrasonic sensor, 3-Drive mechanism, 4-Ring positioning component, 5-Gear ring, 6-Drive gear, 7-Gimbal, 8-Protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] The embodiment provides a shield tail gap measuring device for segment selection during tunnel boring machine construction, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the measuring device includes a control unit and multiple ultrasonic sensors 2 deployed on the tail of the shield 1. The multiple ultrasonic sensors 2 are arranged in a ring on the inner surface of the tail of the shield 1 to collect gap data of the tail of the shield 1; all the multiple ultrasonic sensors 2 are communicatively connected to the control unit. The measuring device in this embodiment, as... Figure 3 As shown, the system also includes a data acquisition module, a display terminal, and a data storage and feedback module. The data acquisition module, ultrasonic sensors 2, and control unit are all installed in the tunnel boring machine (TBM) control room. The data acquisition module is signal-connected to the control unit. The data acquisition module acquires the TBM's operating parameter data and transmits it to the control unit. The operating parameter data includes propulsion speed, cutterhead torque, ground pressure, and attitude angle. The control unit is signal-connected to the display terminal and the data storage and feedback module. The control unit receives the TBM transport parameter data acquired by the data acquisition module and the shield gap data acquired by multiple ultrasonic sensors 2, processes it as parameters for TBM selection, and displays the processing results through the display terminal. It can also store data and provide signal feedback through the data storage and feedback module.

[0025] In the selection system of this application, multiple ultrasonic sensors 2 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the shield tail 1 to collect real-time gap data of the shield tail 1, providing a comprehensive view of the gap status between the shield tail 1 and the tunnel segments. Simultaneously, the data acquisition module acquires operational parameters such as the tunnel boring machine's advance speed, cutterhead torque, ground pressure, and attitude angle. These data are then transmitted to the big data analysis module for processing to derive tunnel segment selection data, which is displayed on the actual terminal. Compared to traditional contact measurement methods, this system offers advantages in terms of high precision and accuracy, improving overall construction efficiency and reducing project costs.

[0026] In the above embodiments, the data storage and feedback module can record the entire process of shield tail 1 gap measurement data, tunnel boring machine real-time operation data, and the final selected segment selection scheme. This recorded data provides rich reference for subsequent construction optimization. The construction team can analyze historical data, summarize the experience of segment selection under different geological conditions and construction parameters, and further optimize the selection strategy. Simultaneously, for geological analysis, the long-term accumulated data helps to deeply understand the characteristics and changing patterns of the strata, providing valuable geological data for similar projects in the future. Furthermore, when construction problems occur, the data storage and feedback module can help technicians quickly review data, accurately locate the root cause of the problem, and take timely and effective measures to solve it, thereby comprehensively improving the quality, efficiency, and safety of tunnel boring machine construction.

[0027] The shield tail gap measuring device used for segment selection during tunnel boring machine construction in the embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the measuring device further includes an annular positioning element 4 and a driving mechanism 3. The annular positioning element 4 is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the shield tail 1 and is arranged along the circumference of the shield tail 1. Multiple ultrasonic sensors 2 are evenly distributed on the inner ring surface of the annular positioning element 4. In a preferred embodiment, the number of ultrasonic sensors 500 is seven, and the probe of each ultrasonic sensor 2 faces the rear side of the shield tail 1. The driving mechanism 3 is mounted on the inner side of the shield tail 1 and is connected to the annular positioning element 4 through a transmission mechanism to drive the annular positioning element 4 to rotate within the shield tail 1. The control unit is signal-connected to the control terminal of the driving mechanism 3. A gear ring 5 is provided on the inner ring surface of the annular positioning element 4. The driving mechanism 3 is a drive motor, and its output shaft is connected to a drive gear 6, which meshes with the gear ring 5.

[0028] In the above embodiment, the number of ultrasonic sensors 2 is set to seven. The advantage of this is that it can measure the gap of the shield tail 1 from seven different angles, collect data from multiple directions, realize comprehensive monitoring of the gap of the shield tail 1, obtain richer and more accurate gap information, provide sufficient data support for accurately calculating the width of the gap of the shield tail 1 and analyzing the positional relationship between the tunnel boring machine and the tunnel lining segments, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the gap measurement of the shield tail 1, and providing strong protection for the selection of tunnel lining segments and construction safety.

[0029] The aforementioned annular positioning component 4 rotates relative to the aforementioned tail shield 1. Multiple ultrasonic sensors 2 are disposed inside the annular positioning component 4 and evenly spaced along its circumferential direction. In this embodiment, the rotation of the annular positioning component 4 changes the measurement angle of the ultrasonic sensors 2, enabling omnidirectional scanning measurement of the tail shield 1 gap. Compared to a fixed-angle sensor layout, this allows for the acquisition of tail shield 1 gap data from more angles, significantly improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the measurement and providing more precise data for shield segment selection. In this embodiment, the drive motor serves as the power source. Upon startup, it drives the drive gear 6 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear ring 5 and the annular positioning component 4 to rotate, enabling the ultrasonic sensors 2, installed inside the annular positioning component 4, to measure the tail shield 1 gap from multiple angles. This design precisely controls the rotation of the annular positioning component 4, allowing the ultrasonic sensors 2 to quickly and stably adjust their measurement angles, acquiring more comprehensive and accurate tail shield 1 gap data, and providing a reliable basis for shield segment selection.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the drive mechanism 3 and the drive gear 6 are provided with a protective cover 8, and a notch is provided on the upper part of the protective cover 8 corresponding to the position of the drive gear 6. Due to the complex construction environment inside the tunnel boring machine, which contains contaminants such as dust, mud, and oil, the protective cover 8 can effectively block these impurities, preventing them from entering the drive motor and drive gear 6, thus avoiding problems such as motor short circuits and accelerated gear wear, and extending the service life of the equipment. The notch on the upper part of the protective cover corresponding to the position of the drive gear 6 does not affect the rotation of the gear ring 5 and the annular positioning part 4, nor does it affect the meshing transmission between the gear ring 5 and the drive gear 6.

[0031] As a preferred implementation, each ultrasonic sensor 2 is mounted on the annular positioning component 4 via a gimbal 7. The gimbal 7 provides the ultrasonic sensor 2 with flexible angle adjustment capability, allowing it to further fine-tune its own angle based on the rotation of the annular positioning component 200, thereby more accurately aligning with the gap of the shield tail 100 and obtaining more comprehensive and detailed gap data, which greatly improves the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the measurement.

[0032] Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" in this application embodiment should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and "side," etc., are merely for reference to the direction in the accompanying drawings or the usual placement of the product during use. They are only for clearly describing this application and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They should not be construed as limitations on this application. The terms "first," "second," etc., are only used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; "multiple" refers to at least two. In this application embodiment, the limitations on relative positional relationships such as parallel, perpendicular, and aligned are all relative to the current technological level and are not absolutely strict limitations. Slight deviations are allowed; approximations of parallel, perpendicular, and aligned are all acceptable.

[0033] The above are only some embodiments and implementation methods of this application. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of this application. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A shield tail gap measuring device for segment selection during tunnel boring machine construction, characterized in that: The measuring device includes a control unit and multiple ultrasonic sensors (2) arranged in a ring on the inner ring surface of the shield tail (1) to collect gap data of the shield tail (1); the multiple ultrasonic sensors (2) are all connected to the control unit.

2. The shield tail gap measuring device for segment selection during tunnel boring machine construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring device also includes an annular positioning element (4) and a driving mechanism (3). The annular positioning element (4) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the shield tail (1) and is arranged along the circumferential direction of the shield tail (1). Multiple ultrasonic sensors (2) are distributed and mounted on the inner annular surface of the annular positioning element (4), with the probe of each ultrasonic sensor (2) facing the rear side of the shield tail (1). The driving mechanism (3) is mounted on the inner side of the shield tail (1) and is connected to the annular positioning element (4) through a transmission mechanism to drive the annular positioning element (4) to rotate inside the shield tail (1). The control unit is signal-connected to the control end of the driving mechanism (3).

3. A shield tail gap measuring device for segment selection during tunnel boring machine construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The measuring device also includes a data acquisition module. Both the data acquisition module and the control unit are installed in the shield machine control room. The data acquisition module is connected to the ultrasonic sensor and the control unit. The data acquisition module is used to acquire the shield machine's operating parameter data and transmit it to the control unit. The operating parameter data includes propulsion speed, cutterhead torque, ground pressure, and attitude angle.

4. The shield tail gap measuring device for segment selection during tunnel boring machine construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple ultrasonic sensors (2) are evenly distributed on the annular positioning member (4); a toothed ring (5) is provided on the inner ring surface of the annular positioning member (4); the driving mechanism (3) is a driving motor, and its output shaft is connected to a driving gear (6), which meshes with the toothed ring (5).

5. A shield tail gap measuring device for segment selection during tunnel boring machine construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each ultrasonic sensor (2) is mounted on a ring positioning element (4) via a gimbal (7).

6. The shield tail gap measuring device for segment selection during tunnel boring machine construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The measuring device also includes a display terminal and a data storage and feedback module, and the control unit is signal-connected to the display terminal and the data storage and feedback module.

7. The shield tail gap measuring device for segment selection during tunnel boring machine construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (3) and the drive gear (6) are provided with a protective cover (8), and the upper part of the protective cover (8) is provided with a notch corresponding to the position of the drive gear (6).

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