General type external filtering and purifying system for engine tail gas

Abstract

The utility model discloses a general type external filtering and purifying system for engine tail gas. The general type external filtering and purifying system comprises a mixing box, a cooling box, a filtering module, a heating pipe, a fan, a bypass pipe and a control system. The device is high in purification efficiency, convenient to use and maintain, small in size, low in power consumption, high in universality, and capable of effectively purifying harmful carcinogenic tail gas containing black smoke particles generated when diesel engines and gasoline engine equipment operate in a closed environment, especially in the plateau environment with thin oxygen content and low temperature throughout the year. High-concentration harmful tail gas can be effectively purified, and the harm of the tail gas to the body health of maintenance workers in a workshop is eliminated; the device is suitable for maintenance workshops, rear warehouses and other space closed places, is suitable for equipment with the displacement smaller than 15 liters or the power smaller than 350 Kw, and can reduce tail gas emission and prevent a target from being exposed when the equipment is arranged in an array fixed fortification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of exhaust gas purification technology, and in particular to a universal engine exhaust gas external filtration and purification system. Background Technology

[0002] In enclosed spaces such as repair shops and warehouses, the operation of engine equipment generates large amounts of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC). X ), nitrogen oxides (NO) X Exhaust gases contain harmful substances such as carbon monoxide and particulate matter (PM). These exhaust gases not only pose serious health risks, such as carbon monoxide poisoning and particulate matter respiratory diseases, but also suffer from low regeneration efficiency, requiring frequent shutdowns for maintenance and impacting operational efficiency. Furthermore, they lack versatility, making them difficult to adapt to different engine displacements and types. They also lack intelligence, relying on manual operation and lacking automated control mechanisms. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a universal external filtration and purification system for engine exhaust gas, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A universal external filtration and purification system for engine exhaust gas includes a mixing chamber, a cooling chamber, a filter module, a heating element, a fan, a bypass pipe, and a control system. One end of the filter module is connected to the cooling chamber, and the other end is connected to the mixing chamber. A heating element is installed between the filter module and the mixing chamber. A bypass pipe also connects the mixing chamber and the cooling chamber. The fan is connected to the mixing chamber. An air inlet pipe is installed on the side of the mixing chamber, and an air outlet pipe is installed on the side of the cooling chamber. The filter module includes a catalyst carrier and a particulate filter. One end of the catalyst carrier is connected to the heating element, and the other end of the catalyst carrier is connected to one end of the particulate filter. The other end of the particulate filter is connected to the cooling chamber. The control system includes a control box, a controller, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor. The controller is installed on the control box. The pressure sensor is connected to the mixing chamber, and the temperature sensor is connected to the filter module. The pressure sensor, temperature sensor, fan, and heating element are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0006] Furthermore, the filtration and purification system also includes a housing, and the mixing box, cooling box, filter module, heating tube, fan, and bypass pipe are all located inside the housing.

[0007] Furthermore, the bypass pipe is equipped with a bypass solenoid valve, and the fan is equipped with a fan solenoid valve. Both the bypass solenoid valve and the fan solenoid valve are electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] Furthermore, the catalyst support is a wall-flow honeycomb ceramic, and the surface of the honeycomb pores of the wall-flow honeycomb ceramic is coated with a base metal coating and a catalyst coating.

[0009] Furthermore, the base metal coating is a layer of aluminum oxide and cerium dioxide.

[0010] Furthermore, the catalytic coating is composed of noble metal particles, including platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and rhodium (Rh).

[0011] Furthermore, the particle trap is a cartridge trap using ceramic filter material, and its internal structure is honeycomb-shaped.

[0012] Furthermore, the control box is equipped with a power cord, a power switch, a regenerative switch, a box lock, a buzzer, and indicator lights.

[0013] Furthermore, the controller is equipped with a display screen, alarm indicator light, status indicator light, bypass on button and indicator light, bypass off button and indicator light, manual status button and indicator light, automatic status button and indicator light, reset button, up / up button, down / down button, and set / confirm button.

[0014] Furthermore, the filtration and purification system includes two control modes: automatic regeneration and passive regeneration.

[0015] Beneficial effects:

[0016] This utility model boasts high purification efficiency, ease of use and maintenance, compact size, low power consumption, and strong versatility. It can effectively purify the harmful, carcinogenic, and particulate-laden exhaust gases produced by diesel and gasoline engines operating in enclosed environments. In particular, it can effectively purify high-concentration harmful exhaust gases from diesel engines operating in high-altitude environments with thin oxygen content and consistently low temperatures, eliminating the health hazards of exhaust gases to maintenance workers in workshops. It is suitable for enclosed spaces such as maintenance workshops and rear warehouses, and is compatible with equipment with a displacement of less than 15 liters or a power of less than 350 kW. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the purification device in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a panel view of the control box in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a panel view of the controller in this utility model.

[0021] The diagram shows the following components: 1. Housing; 2. Control box; 3. Power cord; 4. Fuse; 5. Data acquisition unit; 6. Inlet pipe; 7. Outlet pipe; 8. Cooling box; 9. Mixing box; 10. Heating element; 11. Catalyst carrier; 12. Particulate collector; 13. Bypass pipe; 14. Bypass solenoid valve; 15. Air duct; 16. Fan; 17. Fan solenoid valve; 18. Display screen; 19. Alarm indicator light; 20. Status indicator light; 21. Up / Increase button; 22. Set / Confirm button; 23. Down / Decrease button; 24. Bypass off indicator light; 25. Bypass off button; 26. Bypass on indicator light; 27. Bypass on button; 28. Manual status button; 29. ​​Manual status indicator light; 30. Automatic status indicator light; 31. Automatic status button; 32. Reset button; 33. Indicator light; 34. Housing lock; 35. Controller; 36. Buzzer. Detailed Implementation

[0022] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] In addition, unless otherwise specified, the components used in the following embodiments are all existing components, and their corresponding connection methods can also be achieved through conventional technical means, which will not be described in detail in this application. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Example

[0025] A general-purpose external filtration and purification system for engine exhaust gases, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, the system includes a mixing chamber 9, a cooling chamber 8, a filter module, a heating element 10, a fan 16, a bypass pipe 13, and a control system. One end of the filter module is connected to the cooling chamber 8, and the other end of the filter module is connected to the mixing chamber 9. A heating element 10 is installed between the filter module and the mixing chamber 9. A bypass pipe 13 is also connected between the mixing chamber 9 and the cooling chamber 8. The fan 16 is connected to the mixing chamber 9. An air inlet pipe 6 is installed on the side of the mixing chamber 9, and an air outlet pipe 7 is installed on the side of the cooling chamber 8. The filter module includes a catalyst carrier 11 and a particulate trap 12. One end of the catalyst carrier 11 is connected to the heating element 10, and the other end of the catalyst carrier 11 is connected to one end of the particulate trap 12. The other end of the particulate trap 12 is connected to the cooling chamber 8. The control system includes a control box, a controller 35, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor. The controller 35 is installed on the control box. The pressure sensor is connected to the mixing chamber 9, and the temperature sensor is connected to the filter module. The pressure sensor, temperature sensor, fan 16, and heating element 10 are all electrically connected to the controller 35. The bypass pipe 13 is equipped with a bypass solenoid valve 14, and the fan 16 is equipped with a fan solenoid valve 17. Both the bypass solenoid valve 14 and the fan solenoid valve 17 are electrically connected to the controller 35.

[0026] Specifically, the universal engine exhaust external filtration and purification system in this embodiment is suitable for enclosed locations such as equipment repair workshops and rear warehouses. Engine exhaust gas is input into the system's intake pipe 6 via a flue, first entering a mixing chamber 9. Simultaneously, a fan 16 supplies air into the mixing chamber 9 to mix with the exhaust gas, reducing its concentration. The mixed exhaust gas is then evenly delivered to the filtration module for filtration. Specifically, the filtration module employs a two-stage purification method: a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) and a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF). The purified exhaust gas is then delivered to a cooling chamber 8 for cooling and finally discharged from the exhaust port. A pressure sensor is also included to detect engine back pressure, and a temperature sensor is used to detect temperature. A controller 35 controls the solenoid valves, fan 16, and heating element 10.

[0027] Preferably, the filtration and purification system further includes a housing 1, and the mixing chamber 9, cooling chamber 8, filter module, heating tube 10, fan 16, and bypass pipe 13 are all disposed inside the housing 1. The housing 1 protects the internal devices from damage.

[0028] Preferably, the catalyst support 11 uses wall-flow honeycomb ceramic as the support, and the surface of the honeycomb pores of the wall-flow honeycomb ceramic is coated with a base metal coating and a catalyst coating. The base metal coating is a layer of alumina and cerium dioxide. The catalyst coating is noble metal particles, including elements such as platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and rhodium (Rh).

[0029] Specifically, wall-flow honeycomb ceramic filters are high-performance filter carriers. These filters have numerous honeycomb pores. In two adjacent channels, one is blocked at the inlet and the other at the outlet. Exhaust gas enters through one open channel, must pass through the channel wall into the adjacent channel, and then flow out. Thus, particulate matter (PM) in the exhaust gas is trapped inside and on the surface of the pores. They are also heat-resistant and have high mechanical strength. The honeycomb pore surface is coated with a base metal coating of alumina and cerium dioxide. The filter carrier itself serves to form an oxidation catalytic reaction bed and acts as an adhesion medium for alkali metal base coatings such as alumina and cerium dioxide. After adhesion enhancement treatment, a catalytic carrier coating (containing elements such as platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and rhodium (Rh)) is applied and cured. At room temperature, the filter carrier does not possess catalytic ability; it must be heated to a certain temperature to exhibit oxidation and reduction reaction capabilities. Typically, catalytic converters operate at 350℃, with a normal operating temperature of 350-400℃. When exhaust gas passes through the filter carrier, the catalyst carrier in the filter carrier will enhance the dissipation of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). X The reactivity of the three gases promotes certain oxidation-reduction reactions. Carbon monoxide (CO) is oxidized at high temperatures to become colorless, non-toxic carbon dioxide gas; HCl is oxidized at high temperatures to water (H₂O) and carbon dioxide (CO₂); nitrogen oxides (NO₃)... X It is reduced to nitrogen and oxygen, and the three harmful gases are transformed into harmless gases, thus purifying the engine exhaust.

[0030] Preferably, the particle trap 12 is a cartridge trap made of ceramic filter material, and its internal structure is honeycomb-shaped, which results in a large trapping geometric area, good trapping effect, and good heat resistance and mechanical durability.

[0031] Preferably, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the control box is equipped with a power cord 3, a power switch, a regeneration switch, a lock 34, a buzzer 36, and various indicator lights 33, specifically including indicator lights for power, regeneration, heating stop, DC24V power, and back pressure alarm. A fuse 4 is installed on the power cord 3. The controller 35 is equipped with a display screen 18, an alarm indicator light 19, a status indicator light 20, a bypass on button 27 and a bypass on indicator light 26, a bypass off button 25 and a bypass off indicator light 24, a manual status button 28 and a manual status indicator light 29, an automatic status button 31 and an automatic status indicator light 30, a reset button 32, an up / increase button 21, a down / decrease button 23, and a set / confirm button 22. Operators can understand the operating status of the system through the various indicator lights on the control box and controller 35, and can control and adjust the system using the buttons.

[0032] Working process and principle:

[0033] First, preheating is performed by connecting the system to 380V AC power via power cord 3 and starting the system. Heating element 10 begins heating, and fan 16 starts working, transferring the heat from heating element 10 to the filter module via fan 16 for about 5 minutes. Temperature sensor collects temperature data and transmits it to controller 35 via data acquisition unit 5. When the filter module heats up to the set threshold of 400℃, controller 35 controls the current of heating element 10 to maintain the temperature of the filter module at 400℃, thus completing the preheating.

[0034] After preheating, the exhaust gas is connected to the engine's exhaust port at one end via a high-temperature resistant corrugated flue and to the system's intake pipe 6 at the other end, delivering the engine's exhaust gas to the mixing chamber 9. The mixture of exhaust gas and air is then transported to the filter module by the fan 16. First, the harmful gases pass through the catalytic converter 11, which converts them into harmless gases, thus purifying the engine exhaust gas. Then, the particulate matter (PM) in the exhaust gas, such as soot particles, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur, is adsorbed by the particulate filter 12. Once a certain amount of solid particulate matter is collected, it is combusted.

[0035] As more and more carbon soot particles intercepted by the catalyst support 11 and particulate filter 12 clog their micropores and surfaces, the filter's airflow decreases, leading to increased engine back pressure and reduced engine performance. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically remove the deposited particulate matter to restore the filter's filtration performance. The regeneration of the catalyst support and particulate filter can be either active or passive.

[0036] To address this, the system employs both automatic and manual regeneration control modes. Active regeneration utilizes additional energy to raise the temperature within the carrier, causing the particles to ignite and burn. When the catalyst carrier 11 operates within its normal operating temperature range (350-400℃), excessive deposits can clog the particulate filter. When the temperature within the particulate filter 12 reaches above 400℃, the deposited particles are oxidized and burned off. At this point, external energy (such as an electric heating device) is needed to raise the temperature within the particulate filter, enabling the particles to burn and achieve regeneration.

[0037] (1) Automatic regeneration control

[0038] The pressure sensor is connected to the controller 35 via a signal cable.

[0039] Pressing the automatic status button 31 on the controller 35 illuminates the automatic status indicator 30, and the display screen 18 of the controller 35 shows that the system has entered automatic mode. In automatic mode, when the pressure sensor detects that the engine back pressure exceeds the set upper threshold, the controller 35 controls the current of the heating element 10 to heat the filter module to 450°C. Simultaneously, it increases the current and speed of the fan 16, increasing the airflow. This allows the oxidizing catalyst carrier 11 and the particulate filter 12 to undergo high-temperature oxidation catalysis for approximately 30 minutes, directly oxidizing and burning off the deposited carbon soot. This restores the ability of the oxidizing catalyst carrier 11 and the particulate filter 12 to capture carbon soot particles, enabling continuous regeneration of both. When the filter module has finished regenerating and the engine back pressure drops to the set lower threshold, the controller 35 controls the current of the heating element 10 and the fan 16, and the system enters the working state.

[0040] (2) Manual regeneration control

[0041] Press the manual mode button 28 on the controller 35, the manual mode indicator light 29 will light up, and the display screen 18 on the controller 35 will show that the system has entered manual mode.

[0042] When the system is in manual mode, if the pressure sensor detects that the engine back pressure is greater than the set upper threshold, the controller 35 controls the buzzer 36 on the control box to sound, and at the same time controls the bypass solenoid valve 14, which is connected to the bypass pipe valve, to open the bypass pipe 13.

[0043] The "Regeneration" knob on the control box needs to be manually turned to "On". The "Regeneration Indicator" light will illuminate, and the buzzer 36 will stop beeping. The controller 35 controls the current of the heating tube 10 to heat the filter module and maintain it at 450°C. At the same time, the current of the fan 16 is increased to increase the speed of the fan 16 and increase the air volume, so that the oxidizing catalyst carrier 11 and the particulate collector 12 directly oxidize and burn off the deposited carbon soot at high temperature under the action of high-temperature oxidation catalysis.

[0044] After this state lasts for 30 minutes, manually turn the "Regeneration" knob switch on the control box to "Off". The "Regeneration Indicator" light will turn off. Press the bypass off button 25 on the controller. The bypass solenoid valve 14 will connect to the bypass pipe valve, and the bypass pipe 13 will be closed. The system will then enter the working state.

[0045] Although the embodiments of this utility model have been described in the specification, these embodiments are merely illustrative and should not limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Various omissions, substitutions, and modifications made without departing from the spirit of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A universal engine exhaust external filtration and purification system, characterized in that: The filter purification system comprises a mixing box, a cooling box, a filter module, a heating pipe, a fan, a bypass pipe and a control system, one end of the filter module is communicated with the cooling box, the other end of the filter module is communicated with the mixing box, the heating pipe is arranged between the filter module and the mixing box, the bypass pipe is further communicated between the mixing box and the cooling box, the fan is communicated with the mixing box, a gas inlet pipe is arranged on the side of the mixing box, a gas outlet pipe is arranged on the side of the cooling box, the filter module comprises a catalytic carrier and a particle trap, one end of the catalytic carrier is connected with the heating pipe, the other end of the catalytic carrier is communicated with one end of the particle trap, the other end of the particle trap is communicated with the cooling box, the control system comprises a control box, a controller, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, the controller is installed on the control box, the pressure sensor is connected with the mixing box, the temperature sensor is connected with the filter module, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the fan and the heating pipe are electrically connected with the controller.

2. The universal engine exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein: The filter purification system further comprises a shell, the mixing box, the cooling box, the filter module, the heating pipe, the fan and the bypass pipe are arranged in the shell.

3. The universal engine exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein: The bypass pipe is provided with a bypass electromagnetic valve, the fan is provided with a fan electromagnetic valve, and the bypass electromagnetic valve and the fan electromagnetic valve are electrically connected with the controller.

4. The universal engine exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein: The catalytic carrier adopts a wall flow honeycomb ceramic as a carrier, and the honeycomb hole surface of the wall flow honeycomb ceramic is coated with a base metal coating and a catalytic coating.

5. The universal engine exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 4, wherein: The base metal coating is an aluminum oxide and a cerium dioxide.

6. The universal engine exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 4, wherein: The catalytic coating is a noble metal particle, and the noble metal particle comprises platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and rhodium (Rh).

7. The universal engine exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein: The particle trap is a filter cartridge type trap using ceramic filter material, and the internal structure is honeycomb-shaped.

8. The universal engine exhaust machine out filtration purification system of claim 1, wherein: The control box is provided with a power line, a power switch, a regeneration switch, a box lock, a buzzer and an indicator light.

9. The universal engine exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein: The controller is provided with a display screen, an alarm indicator light, a state indicator light, a bypass on key and an indicator light, a bypass off key and an indicator light, a manual state key and an indicator light, an automatic state key and an indicator light, a reset key, an up / increase key, a down / decrease key and a setting / confirmation key.

10. The universal engine exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein: The filter purification system comprises two control modes of automatic regeneration and passive regeneration.

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