Intelligent household door and window regulation and control system integrating environment perception and electromechanical linkage

Abstract

The utility model provides a smart home door and window regulation and control system integrating environmental perception and electromechanical linkage, which relates to the technical field of smart home and comprises a processor, a sensing module, a control module and an action module. The sensing module is integrated with a smoke sensor, a coal gas sensor, a natural gas sensor and a wind, rain and light sensor, and directly triggers an interrupt signal through a hardware comparator; the action module is composed of a stepping motor, a window locking motor and an air drying instrument, and precise control over the opening and closing angle of a door and a window is achieved through an H-bridge driver. The control module integrates a touch screen function, a sound control function and a Wi-Fi communication function; and the security and protection module judges abnormal invasion behaviors through human body infrared and vibration sensors, and triggers mechanical locking and remote alarm. According to the utility model, gas leakage emergency response is realized through direct linkage of a sensor signal and a hardware circuit; the door and window state is dynamically adjusted through a multi-parameter cooperation mechanism, and the problems of glass blurring and illumination imbalance in rainy days are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of smart home technology, and in particular to a smart home door and window control system that integrates environmental sensing and electromechanical linkage. Background Technology

[0002] Existing intelligent door and window control systems have significant technical limitations in practical applications. First, most systems rely on software polling mechanisms to process sensor signals, resulting in an inability to respond promptly when hazardous gas concentrations (such as coal gas and natural gas) exceed limits. Emergency ventilation actions are often delayed by more than one second, posing serious safety hazards. For example, in gas leak scenarios, traditional systems, which require software to continuously monitor sensor data, struggle to trigger ventilation within the critical timeframe, potentially leading to fires or poisoning accidents. Second, insufficient environmental adaptability is a prominent issue. Existing solutions often employ single-sensor control logic, lacking multi-parameter coordination mechanisms. For instance, after closing windows in rainy weather, condensation on the glass surface obscures visibility, but the system lacks active dehumidification functionality; the absence of integrated light adjustment and wind speed control makes it difficult to guarantee indoor comfort. Furthermore, weak security features are another major drawback. Traditional systems typically rely solely on infrared human sensors for intrusion detection, resulting in high false alarm rates and an inability to achieve real-time linkage between mechanical door and window locking and remote alarms, leading to limited actual protective effectiveness. More critically, existing technologies overly rely on computer programs for logical judgments, resulting in redundant and complex hardware architectures. If the software crashes or a power outage occurs, the system completely loses its emergency response capabilities. For example, some systems control motor operation through software priority scheduling, which may prevent the ventilation function from being forcibly activated in the event of a sudden malfunction, further exacerbating safety risks. These issues collectively restrict the practicality and reliability of intelligent door and window systems, necessitating an innovative solution based on rapid hardware response, multi-sensor collaboration, and deep electromechanical integration. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the technical problems of response delay, insufficient environmental adaptability, weak security, and over-reliance on software programs in existing technologies, this utility model provides an intelligent home door and window control system that integrates environmental perception and electromechanical linkage.

[0004] The technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides an intelligent home door and window control system integrating environmental sensing and electromechanical linkage, comprising:

[0006] Processor, sensing module, control module, motion module;

[0007] The sensing module includes various sensors for detecting environmental parameters, including a smoke sensor, a gas sensor, a natural gas sensor, a wind sensor, a rain sensor, and a light sensor. The sensing module is connected to the processor for signal transmission.

[0008] The action module includes a window opening motor, a window locking motor, a curtain motor, and a dryer motor; the processor is connected to the action module for signal transmission.

[0009] The control module includes a local controller and a communication module. The local controller is equipped with a touch screen panel and a voice control interface. The communication module includes a Wi-Fi module. The processor is connected to the local controller and the communication module for signal transmission.

[0010] The smoke sensor, coal gas sensor, and natural gas sensor are respectively connected to the processor. When the concentration of the corresponding gas exceeds a preset threshold, the processor sends a control signal to the window opening motor to drive the window to open.

[0011] Furthermore, the security module includes a human infrared sensor and a vibration sensor, which are respectively connected to the processor for signal transmission. When an abnormal intrusion is detected, the processor triggers a window locking motor to lock the window and sends an alarm signal to the communication module.

[0012] Furthermore, the wind sensor is associated with the window opening motor. When the wind speed exceeds a preset value, the processor controls the window opening motor to adjust the window opening angle. The rain sensor is associated with the window locking motor and the air dryer motor. When rainfall is detected, the processor controls the window locking motor to close the window and starts the air dryer motor. The light sensor is associated with the curtain motor. When the light intensity exceeds a threshold, the processor controls the curtain motor to close the curtain.

[0013] Furthermore, the determination of the preset threshold is achieved through a hardware comparator. The input of the hardware comparator is connected to the sensor signal, and the output is connected to the processor interrupt pin, which is used to directly trigger the window opening action.

[0014] Furthermore, the communication module connects to the cloud server via a Wi-Fi module, and the cloud server communicates with the user terminal device to realize remote status monitoring and control command issuance.

[0015] Furthermore, the window opening motor, window locking motor, curtain motor, and air dryer motor are all connected to the processor via a driver. The driver adopts an H-bridge circuit structure for bidirectional control of the motor's start, stop, and direction.

[0016] Furthermore, the panel touch screen is equipped with an emergency ventilation button, which is directly connected to the processor. When triggered, the button forces the window opening motor to open all windows.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this utility model include at least the following:

[0018] (1) In this utility model, the direct linkage design between the hardware comparator and the sensor realizes the millisecond-level response of the concentration of dangerous gas, which significantly reduces the safety risks in scenarios such as gas leaks and improves the real-time performance of emergency response.

[0019] (2) In this utility model, the multi-sensor collaborative control mechanism effectively integrates wind, rain, light and security signals, dynamically adjusts the status of doors and windows and the indoor environment, solves the limitations of single parameter control in traditional systems, and enhances environmental adaptability and user experience.

[0020] (3) In this utility model, the redundant design of electromechanical linkage combined with physical emergency buttons ensures that the system can still be forced to ventilate through hardware circuits when there is a power outage or software malfunction, which greatly improves the reliability and safety in extreme scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent home door and window control system integrating environmental sensing and electromechanical linkage provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of gas detection and interruption triggering of an intelligent home door and window control system integrating environmental perception and electromechanical linkage provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a stepper motor drive for an intelligent home door and window control system integrating environmental sensing and electromechanical linkage, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the rain-driing control process of an intelligent home door and window control system integrating environmental perception and electromechanical linkage provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the security linkage of an intelligent home door and window control system that integrates environmental perception and electromechanical linkage, provided as an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solution of this utility model will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] In the embodiments of this utility model, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in this utility model should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in the embodiments of this utility model, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either one or the other.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, the terms "image" and "picture" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing their distinction, they convey the same meaning. Similarly, the terms "of," "corresponding (relevant)," and "corresponding" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing their distinction, they convey the same meaning.

[0030] In this embodiment of the utility model, sometimes the subscript such as W1 may be mistakenly written as a non-subscript form such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meaning they express is the same.

[0031] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of this utility model clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Reference manual attached Figure 1 The diagram shows a flowchart of an intelligent home door and window control system integrating environmental perception and electromechanical linkage provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] This utility model embodiment provides an intelligent home door and window control system integrating environmental sensing and electromechanical linkage, including:

[0034] The system hardware uses an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller as the core processor, with its built-in ADC module and GPIO interface connected to the sensing module and control module respectively. The sensing module includes multiple types of sensors: smoke detection uses an MQ-2 sensor, outputting a 0-5V analog signal; coal gas and natural gas detection use MQ-5 and MQ-4 sensors respectively, with output signals processed by an LM393 voltage comparator; the environmental sensing section includes an FS300A wind speed sensor (outputting a PWM signal), a raindrop sensor module (outputting high and low levels), and a BH1750 light sensor (I...). 2(C interface). The motion module consists of multiple types of motors: a 42-stepper motor (model 42BYGH47-401A) drives the window opening and closing, and is equipped with a TB6600 driver to receive pulse direction signals from the MCU; the window locking motor is a 12V DC geared motor JGA25-370, with a built-in limit switch for mechanical locking; the curtain control uses a 28BYJ-48 stepper motor with a ULN2003 driver board; the drying function is completed by a DFR0523 centrifugal fan, and the fan speed is adjusted through the MCU's PWM pin. The control module integrates a 7-inch capacitive touchscreen (HDMI800480 model) as a local operation interface, and the emergency ventilation button is directly connected to the MCU's interrupt pin; the communication module uses an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, which connects to the MCU via a serial port and supports MQTT protocol for cloud interaction. The security module includes an HC-SR501 human infrared sensor and an SW-420 vibration sensor; the signals from both are judged by the MCU logic to trigger window locking and an alarm.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the analog outputs of the MQ-2 smoke sensor, MQ-5 gas sensor, and MQ-4 natural gas sensor are connected to the positive input of an LM393 voltage comparator. The negative input of the comparator is set with a reference voltage value (e.g., 3V corresponds to the smoke concentration threshold) via a potentiometer. When the sensor detects a value exceeding the threshold, the comparator outputs a high-level signal, directly triggering the MCU's interrupt pins (PA0-PA2), immediately driving the window opening motor to run at full speed. This eliminates the need for software judgment, achieving millisecond-level emergency response in gas leak scenarios. Figure 3 As shown, the pulse signal output pins (PB6-PB9) of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the PUL / DIR interface of the TB6600 stepper motor driver. The driver integrates an H-bridge circuit (composed of IRF540N MOSFETs) to drive the 42-stepper motor in both forward and reverse directions by controlling the current direction. The driver receives a 2kHz pulse signal to precisely control the motor step angle (0.9°), allowing the window opening angle to be dynamically adjusted according to wind speed (e.g., limited to 30° at a wind speed of 10m / s). Simultaneously, mechanical positioning is achieved through limit switch feedback.

[0036] In this innovative design for gas concentration detection, analog signals from smoke, coal gas, and natural gas sensors are respectively connected to three LM393 voltage comparators. The reference voltage for each comparator is manually set via a potentiometer (e.g., Vref is set to 3V when MQ-2 corresponds to a smoke concentration of 800ppm). When the sensor output exceeds the threshold, the comparator directly sends a high-level signal to the PA0-PA2 interrupt pins of the MCU. This hardware circuit design reduces the interrupt response time to less than 50ms when the system detects hazardous gases, eliminating the need for software polling and significantly improving emergency ventilation speed. For example, when MQ-4 detects an excessive natural gas concentration, the LM393 triggers an interrupt, and the MCU immediately drives the window opening motor to full speed via the TB6600 driver. Simultaneously, the ESP8266 module pushes an alarm message to the user's mobile phone. The entire process is completed within 1 second, eliminating the risk of gas leakage caused by software delays in traditional systems.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, after the rain sensor detects a rainfall signal, the MCU controls the window lock motor to close the window and starts the air dryer motor (DFR0523 centrifugal fan) to dry the water stains on the glass surface through directional airflow. Simultaneously, it monitors the brightness data of the BH1750 light sensor; if it falls below 200 lx, it controls the curtain motor to open to 50% light transmittance. This process is illustrated by solid arrows connecting the various functional modules, demonstrating the coordinated control of window closing, dehumidification, and light adjustment in rainy conditions.

[0038] To address the issue of blurred glass after windows are closed in rainy weather, the system uses a raindrop sensor to detect rainfall signals (triggered by a low level). The MCU controls the window locking motor to close the window and starts the DFR0523 air dryer motor. The air dryer uses a centrifugal fan to generate directional airflow, and in conjunction with the window sealing strip design, it can dry water stains on the glass surface within 3 minutes. Simultaneously, a BH1750 light sensor monitors ambient brightness in real time. If the light intensity is below 200 lx, the MCU controls the curtain motor via the ULN2003 driver board to open the curtains to 50% light transmittance, preventing the room from becoming too dark. The motor drive section uses an H-bridge circuit structure. For example, the PUL / DIR pins of the TB6600 driver are connected to PB6-PB9 of the MCU. The stepper motor's rotation angle accuracy is controlled by the pulse frequency (each pulse corresponds to 0.9°), ensuring that the window opening angle can be dynamically adjusted according to wind speed (e.g., the window opening angle is limited to 30° when the wind speed reaches 10 m / s).

[0039] like Figure 5As shown, the signals from the human infrared sensor (HC-SR501) and the vibration sensor (SW-420) are ANDed by the MCU logic. If an abnormal intrusion is detected, the window locking motor is immediately triggered to lock the window, and an encrypted alarm message is pushed to the user's mobile phone via the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module. The sensor detection range (7m) and the mechanical locking status are marked with dashed boxes and cross-sectional lines, highlighting the dual-determination mechanism of the security linkage and the reliability of the hardware execution.

[0040] The security function is achieved through multi-sensor fusion: when the HC-SR501 detects a person approaching the window for more than 10 seconds, and the SW-420 vibration sensor is triggered simultaneously, the MCU determines it as an abnormal intrusion, immediately controls the window locking motor to lock the window, and sends an encrypted alarm signal to the cloud via the ESP8266. After receiving the signal, the user's mobile APP can remotely force the window to close. The local touchscreen has an emergency ventilation button, whose hardware circuit is directly connected to the MCU's PC13 pin. Pressing it bypasses the logic judgment and directly drives all window opening motors to open fully, ensuring manual emergency response in case of power failure or system failure.

[0041] The system's feasibility was verified through multiple dimensions: Hardware testing used an oscilloscope to observe the LM393 output signal, confirming that the interrupt triggering when the gas concentration exceeded the limit was correct; the window opening motor response test showed that a full 90° opening took only 3 seconds (pulse frequency 2kHz). In a real-world scenario simulating a gas leak (releasing butane gas), the system opened the window and sent an alarm within 0.8 seconds, meeting the EN54-7 safety standard. In simulated rainfall experiments, the raindrop sensor achieved a detection sensitivity of 0.1 mm / min, and the dehumidifier's dehumidification efficiency was 15 cm. 2 / s, meeting the daily needs of family use.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this utility model embodiment include at least the following:

[0043] (1) In this utility model, the direct linkage design between the hardware comparator and the sensor realizes the millisecond-level response of the concentration of dangerous gas, which significantly reduces the safety risks in scenarios such as gas leaks and improves the real-time performance of emergency response.

[0044] (2) In this utility model, the multi-sensor collaborative control mechanism effectively integrates wind, rain, light and security signals, dynamically adjusts the status of doors and windows and the indoor environment, solves the limitations of single parameter control in traditional systems, and enhances environmental adaptability and user experience.

[0045] (3) In this utility model, the redundant design of electromechanical linkage combined with physical emergency buttons ensures that the system can still be forced to ventilate through hardware circuits when there is a power outage or software malfunction, which greatly improves the reliability and safety in extreme scenarios.

[0046] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

[0047] The following points need to be explained:

[0048] (1) The accompanying drawings of this utility model embodiment only involve the structure involved in this utility model embodiment. Other structures can refer to the general design.

[0049] (2) For clarity, the thickness of layers or regions is enlarged or reduced in the drawings used to describe embodiments of the present invention, i.e., these drawings are not drawn to scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being “above” or “below” another element, the element may be “directly” located “above” or “below” the other element or there may be intermediate elements.

[0050] (3) Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0051] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. The protection scope of this utility model shall be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated environment sensing and electro-mechanical actuation smart home door and window regulating system, characterized in that, Comprise: processor, sensing module, control module, action module; The sensing module comprises a plurality of sensors for detecting environmental parameters, including smoke sensor, gas sensor, natural gas sensor, wind sensor, rain sensor and light sensor, and the sensing module is in signal transmission connection with the processor; The action module includes window opening motor, window locking motor, curtain motor and air drying instrument motor, and the processor is in signal transmission connection with the action module; The control module includes local controller and communication module, the local controller is provided with panel touch screen and voice control interface, the communication module includes Wi-Fi module, and the processor is in signal transmission connection with the local controller and communication module respectively; The smoke sensor, gas sensor and natural gas sensor are connected with the processor respectively, when the detected corresponding gas concentration exceeds the preset threshold, the processor sends a control signal to the window opening motor to drive the window to open.

2. The integrated environment sensing and electro-mechanical linkage based smart home door and window regulating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, Also include: Security module, the security module includes human body infrared sensor and vibration sensor, the human body infrared sensor and vibration sensor are in signal transmission connection with the processor respectively, when detecting abnormal intrusion, the processor triggers the window locking motor to lock the window and sends an alarm signal to the communication module.

3. The integrated environment sensing and electro-mechanical linkage based smart home door and window regulating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, Include: The wind sensor is associated with the window opening motor, when the detected wind speed exceeds the preset value, the processor controls the window opening motor to adjust the window opening angle; the rain sensor is associated with the window locking motor and the air drying instrument motor, when detecting rainfall, the processor controls the window locking motor to close the window and starts the air drying instrument motor; the light sensor is associated with the curtain motor, when the light intensity exceeds the threshold, the processor controls the curtain motor to close the curtain.

4. The integrated environment sensing and electro-mechanical linkage based smart home door and window regulating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, Include: The determination of the preset threshold is realized by a hardware comparator, the input end of the hardware comparator is connected with the sensor signal, and the output end is connected with the interrupt pin of the processor, which is used for directly triggering the window opening action.

5. The integrated environment sensing and electro-mechanical linkage based smart home door and window regulating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, Include: The communication module is connected with the cloud server through the Wi-Fi module, the cloud server communicates with the user terminal device, realizes remote state monitoring and control instruction issuing.

6. The integrated environment sensing and electro-mechanical linkage based smart home door and window regulating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, Include: The window opening motor, window locking motor, curtain motor and air drying instrument motor are connected with the processor through the driver, the driver adopts H bridge circuit structure, which is used for bidirectional control of the start and stop and steering of the motor.

7. The integrated environment sensing and electro-mechanical linkage based smart home door and window regulating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, Include: The panel touch screen is provided with an emergency ventilation button, the button is directly connected with the processor, and after triggering, the window opening motor is forced to open all the windows.

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