Field switching value and RS485 communication integrated module

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of communication integration modules, and discloses an on-site switching value and RS485 communication integration module, which comprises a module 1 and a module 2, the module 1 is composed of an STM32 chip, a crystal oscillator and a reset button; the module 2 is composed of a power supply, an LED indicating lamp, an optocoupler, a 40-pin base, a triode array, a 485 communication chip and a terminal connecting piece; after the module 2 receives an external signal, the external signal enters the optocoupler or the 485 chip through the terminal connecting piece and then enters the module 1 to be processed through the 40-pin base, and processing result information of the module 1 enters the triode array or the 485 chip through the 40-pin base and finally interacts information with the outside through the wiring terminal. According to the utility model, electrical and mechanical connection among the modules is realized through the 40-pin base, integrated power supply and bus-level signal transmission are realized, the scheme cost is low, and the control is flexible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communication integration modules, and in particular to a field switch quantity and RS485 communication integration module. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industrial automation and IoT technologies, the demand for diverse signal acquisition, communication, and real-time control of field devices (such as frequency converters, sensors, and actuators) is increasing. Traditional industrial control systems typically employ a separate architecture design, independently configuring digital (switch) acquisition modules, RS485 communication modules, and the main control unit. This type of solution suffers from the following prominent problems:

[0003] In existing technologies, digital input / output (I / O) modules and RS485 communication modules require separate dedicated circuit boards and are connected to the main controller (such as a PLC or microcontroller) via additional cables. This discrete design leads to hardware redundancy, complex wiring, and the need for additional expansion interfaces (such as GPIO adapter boards), increasing material costs and maintenance difficulty.

[0004] Industrial field devices often employ different voltage levels (such as 24V switching signals, 3.3V / 5V logic levels) and communication protocols (such as Modbus RTU, custom 485 protocols). Traditional systems require a combination of multi-level optocouplers, level conversion chips, and protocol parsing chips to achieve compatibility, but this results in low inter-module coordination efficiency, limited dynamic response speed, and difficulty in meeting the needs of parallel communication between multiple devices under complex operating conditions.

[0005] The power distribution of discrete modules is prone to introducing noise, especially in mixed high and low voltage scenarios (such as 24V on the input side of an optocoupler and 3.3V on the logic side). The lack of integrated isolation design may lead to signal crosstalk or device damage. In addition, the redundancy of critical circuits such as reset and clock in discrete modules makes them susceptible to system failure due to local faults.

[0006] Existing systems rely on external terminal blocks for signal transfer, and the physical interfaces between modules (such as pin headers and slots) have a low degree of standardization. When it is necessary to increase or decrease the number of I / O points or upgrade the communication protocol, hardware must be redesigned or complex jumpers must be configured, making it difficult to achieve low-cost and rapid deployment. Utility Model Content

[0007] The main objective of this invention is to solve the technical problem of high cost in displaying internal inverter information and field switch signals on a touchscreen in existing technologies. A field switch signal and RS485 communication integrated module includes:

[0008] The integrated module includes module 1 and module 2;

[0009] The module 1 consists of an STM32 chip, a crystal oscillator, and a reset button;

[0010] The module 2 consists of a power supply, LED indicator, optocoupler, 40-pin base, transistor array, 485 communication chip, and terminal connectors;

[0011] After receiving external signals, module 2 enters the optocoupler or 485 chip through the terminal connector, and then enters module 1 for processing through the 40-pin socket. The processing result information of module 1 enters the transistor array or 485 chip through the 40-pin socket, and finally interacts with the outside information through the wiring terminal.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the crystal oscillator is used to provide a reference clock signal for the field switch quantity and RS485 communication integrated module.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the optocoupler is used to convert 24V voltage to 3.3V voltage.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the LED indicator displays the input and output status of the transistor array and optocoupler.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the 40-pin base is used to connect module 1 and module 2, which are respectively connected to the transistor array, optocoupler, STM32 chip and 485 communication chip.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the terminal connector is used to connect the field switch quantity and RS485 communication integrated module to external devices.

[0017] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention integrates the STM32 microcontroller core with optocouplers, 485 chips, and transistor arrays on a modular PCB board, natively supporting multi-voltage signal conversion (24V→3.3V), protocol adaptive parsing, and dynamic I / O configuration, reducing the need for external circuitry.

[0019] The modular design of this utility model allows for adaptation to different scenario requirements by adding or removing interface modules (such as expanding more RS485 ports or switch channels), significantly reducing upgrade costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the architecture of the integrated module for field switch inputs and RS485 communication.

[0021] Figure 2 A photograph of module 1 of the integrated module for field switch quantity and RS485 communication;

[0022] Figure 3This is a photograph of module 2, which integrates field switch signals and RS485 communication.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] Module 1: 300; Module 2: 200; External signal: 100;

[0025] STM32 chip 32, crystal oscillator 31, reset button 33;

[0026] 23 Power supply, 22 LED indicator, 24 Optocoupler, 25 40-pin base, 26 Transistor array, 27 485 communication chip, 21 Terminal connector. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The terms “comprising” or “having” and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product or device.

[0028] For ease of understanding, the specific process of the embodiments of this utility model is described below. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1-3 The first embodiment of the field switch quantity and RS485 communication integrated module in this utility model includes: the integrated module includes module 1 and module 2; module 1 consists of an STM32 chip, a crystal oscillator, and a reset button; module 2 consists of a power supply, LED indicator, optocoupler, 40-pin socket, transistor array, RS485 communication chip, and terminal connectors; after receiving external signals, module 2 enters the optocoupler or RS485 chip through the terminal connectors, and then enters module 1 for processing through the 40-pin socket. The processing result information of module 1 enters the transistor array or RS485 chip through the 40-pin socket, and finally interacts with the external information through the terminal connectors. The terminal connectors are connected to the internal LED indicator and RS485 communication chip; the RS485 communication chip is connected to the 40-pin socket; the LED indicator is connected to the transistor array and optocoupler to display the input and output status of the transistor array and optocoupler; the 40-pin socket is used to connect module 1 and module 2, and is connected to the transistor array, optocoupler, STM32 chip, and RS485 communication chip respectively. The crystal oscillator is connected to the STM32 chip and provides a reference clock signal for the integrated field switch and RS485 communication module. The optocoupler converts 24V to 3.3V. The LED indicator displays the input / output status of the transistor array and optocoupler. The terminal connectors are used to connect the integrated field switch and RS485 communication module to external devices. The reset button is connected to the STM32 chip to prevent system crashes.

[0029] The integrated module 1 for digital input and RS485 communication consists of three parts: an STM32 chip, a crystal oscillator, and a reset button. These three parts are integrated on a single PCB board, transmitting various information states to the STM32 chip via pin headers. After the program completes its processing, the STM32 chip then transmits the processed information states back out via the pin headers.

[0030] The integrated module 2 for digital input and RS485 communication consists of a power supply, LED indicators, optocouplers, a 40-pin connector, a transistor array, a RS485 chip, and terminal connectors. External signals enter the optocoupler or RS485 chip through the terminals, then enter module 1 for processing through the 40-pin connector. The processing result information enters the transistor array or RS485 chip through the 40-pin connector, and finally interacts with the external system through the terminal connectors.

[0031] Overall Module Architecture

[0032] The field switch quantity and RS485 communication integration module adopts a split structure design, including a main control module (module 1) and an interface module (module 2) with complementary functions. The two modules are physically connected and electrically interconnected through a 40-pin connector, and the signal transmission path between the modules adopts a two-level signal isolation architecture.

[0033] Main control module (module 1) structure

[0034] Core Processing Unit

[0035] The STM32 series microcontroller chip is used as the control core, configured with a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M core, and the main frequency is set to 72MHz. The chip is equipped with:

[0036] 18-channel 12-bit A / D converter

[0037] Multi-channel PWM output interface

[0038] Dual-channel CAN bus controller

[0039] 3 independent USART communication interfaces

[0040] Clock system

[0041] An 8MHz quartz crystal oscillator is connected to pins 5 and 6 of the STM32 chip, and the system clock is multiplied to a working frequency of 72MHz through a built-in phase-locked loop.

[0042] Hardware reset circuit

[0043] The reset button uses a low-level active design, and the circuit includes:

[0044] 10kΩ pull-up resistor

[0045] 100nF decoupling capacitor

[0046] Reset chip with anti-jitter filter

[0047] Interface module (module 2) structure

[0048] Power conversion circuit

[0049] Design a two-stage power conversion scheme:

[0050] First-stage conversion: External 24V DC input is converted to 5V DC via LM2596 switching regulator.

[0051] Secondary conversion: The AMS1117 chip is used to step down the 5V DC voltage to 3.3V.

[0052] A transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS) with a withstand voltage rating of 36V is connected in parallel at the power input.

[0053] Signal conditioning unit

[0054] Includes two processing channels:

[0055] a) Digital input channel:

[0056] TLP281-4 four-channel optocoupler isolator is used

[0057] The preamp is equipped with a 1kΩ current-limiting resistor.

[0058] Post-stage configuration RC filter (parameters: 1kΩ + 100nF) b) RS485 communication channel:

[0059] The bus interface is configured using the MAX3485 chip.

[0060] A 120Ω terminating resistor is connected in parallel at the bus end.

[0061] A varistor is installed between the A / B signal lines (parameters: 7V / 200A).

[0062] Status indicator unit

[0063] Set up a 3D interactive indicator light group:

[0064] Red LED: Abnormal status indicator (drive current: 5mA)

[0065] Green LED: Communication active indicator (drive frequency: 2Hz)

[0066] Yellow LED: Power status indicator (constantly lit)

[0067] System Workflow

[0068] Signal input stage

[0069] External device signals are input via M5 screw terminals and processed through the following path:

[0070] Industrial field signals → Terminal connectors → Signal type identification circuit → Optocoupler isolation channel / 485 communication channel → 40-pin bus interface → Main control module GPIO / USART port

[0071] Data processing stage

[0072] The main control module executes according to the preset protocol:

[0073] AD sampling value linear compensation

[0074] Switching state matrix analysis

[0075] MODBUS-RTU protocol encapsulation

[0076] Fault diagnosis algorithm processing

[0077] Signal output stage

[0078] Processing results are output through a separate channel:

[0079] Control command → Transistor array driver circuit (ULN2803A chip) → Optocoupler isolated output

[0080] Status data → MAX3485 chip → RS485 bus network

[0081] This embodiment, through the above structural design, achieves multi-protocol compatible access and intelligent signal conversion for field devices, with a measured data transmission error rate of less than 10%. -7 With a switching response time of less than 3ms, it can meet the stringent application requirements of industrial automation scenarios.

[0082] This system collects information and status from external frequency converters, instruments, and various switching signals via terminals. The core STM32 microcontroller processes this data using algorithms, and then feeds the results back to external devices such as field actuators and host computers via the terminals. This achieves low-cost, flexible, and adaptable information acquisition, signal conversion, and automated equipment operation in complex field conditions.

[0083] The STM32 microcontroller core, optocoupler, RS485 chip, and transistor array are integrated onto a modular PCB board, natively supporting multi-voltage signal conversion (24V→3.3V), adaptive protocol parsing, and dynamic I / O configuration, reducing external circuitry. Electrical and mechanical connections between modules are achieved via a 40-pin connector, enabling integrated power supply and bus-level signal transmission, avoiding the wiring risks associated with external terminal blocks. The centralized layout of core components such as the reset circuit and crystal oscillator enhances system robustness. The modular design allows for adaptation to different scenario requirements by adding or removing interface modules (such as expanding to more RS485 ports or switching channels), significantly reducing upgrade costs.

[0084] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A field switching value and RS485 communication integrated module, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a field switching quantity and RS485 communication integrated module, including: The integrated module includes module 1 and module 2; The module 1 is composed of STM32 chip, crystal oscillator, reset button; The module 2 is composed of power supply, LED indicating lamp, photocoupler, 40pin base, triode array, 485 communication chip, terminal connecting piece; After module 2 receives external signal, through terminal connecting piece into photocoupler or 485 chip, through 40pin base into module 1 and handle, the processing result information of module 1 passes through 40pin base into triode array or 485 chip, finally through wiring terminal and external interactive information.

2. The field switching value and RS485 communication integrated module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crystal oscillator is used for providing reference clock signal for the field switching quantity and RS485 communication integrated module.

3. The field switching value and RS485 communication integrated module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photocoupler is used for converting 24v voltage into 3.3v voltage.

4. The field switching value and RS485 communication integrated module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The LED indicating lamp shows the input and output state of triode array, photocoupler.

5. The field switching value and RS485 communication integrated module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 40pin base is used for connecting module 1 and module 2, and is connected with triode array, photocoupler, STM32 chip and 485 communication chip respectively.

6. The field switching value and RS485 communication integrated module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal connecting piece is used for connecting the field switching quantity and RS485 communication integrated module with external equipment.

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