Cable shaft space fire experiment device
By designing a fire experimental device for cable shaft spaces, the problem of easy spread of fires in cable shafts was solved, the full-process simulation of fire parameters and the improvement of fire extinguishing capabilities were achieved, and the safety of cable shaft spaces was enhanced.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-06
AI Technical Summary
Cable shafts are narrow and densely packed spaces, making them prone to fire spread. Existing technologies are insufficient to effectively prevent the spread of fire within high-rise buildings and to obtain fire parameters, thus affecting safety.
Design a fire test device for cable shaft space, including a cable shaft test space, a burner, an image acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, a smoke analysis module, and a fire extinguishing module. It adopts a non-combustible enclosure structure, and is equipped with an air inlet and an observation window. It uses a camera, thermocouples, an air intake sampling pipe, and a nozzle for data acquisition and fire extinguishing.
The experiment achieved a full-process simulation of fire parameters in cable shaft spaces, improving fire safety indicators and fire extinguishing capabilities, and avoiding unnecessary losses in high-rise buildings.
Smart Images
Figure CN223977636U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cable fire technology, and more specifically, to a fire test device for cable shaft space. Background Technology
[0002] Cable shafts are crucial vertical channels for power or communication cables within high-rise buildings. As is well known, cables generate continuous heat during operation, posing a significant fire hazard to current cable shaft spaces. Typically, cable shafts are narrow and densely packed with cables, lacking effective separation. Once a cable fire ignites in the shaft, it can easily spread longitudinally into the building. Due to the spatial characteristics of the space, fires in cable shafts are difficult to extinguish, posing a significant threat to life and property. Therefore, preventing the spread of fire within cable shafts and obtaining fire parameters within the space for appropriate performance design are of paramount importance. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a fire testing device for cable shaft spaces. By conducting experiments within the cable shaft experimental space where cables are laid, various fire parameters of the shaft fire test are obtained. This allows for fire protection design of cable shaft spaces, improving the safety indicators and fire extinguishing capabilities of cable shaft spaces, and preventing unnecessary losses in high-rise buildings.
[0004] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution.
[0005] A fire test device for cable shaft space includes a cable shaft test space, wherein the cable shaft test space is equipped with a vertical cable tray for laying cables, a burner for igniting cables, an image acquisition module for collecting images of the cables burning, a temperature acquisition module for collecting the temperature of the cables and the vicinity of the burner, a flue gas analysis module for analyzing the composition of the flue gas during the cable burning process, and a fire extinguishing module for extinguishing the fire on the cables.
[0006] Furthermore, the cable shaft experimental space is constructed with a non-combustible enclosure structure.
[0007] Furthermore, air inlets are provided at the upper and lower parts of one side of the cable shaft experimental space, and a vertical observation window is provided on the other side. The observation window opens in three sections.
[0008] Furthermore, the burner is a propane gas burner, located at the middle of the lowest part of the cable.
[0009] Furthermore, the image acquisition module consists of a camera and a computer located outside the cable shaft experimental space, with the camera mounted on a sliding rail outside the observation window.
[0010] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition module consists of multiple thermocouples, which are placed near the central axis of the cable, near the burner 8, and at any location within the cable shaft experimental space 1.
[0011] Furthermore, the flue gas analysis module consists of an intake sampling tube and an electrochemical sensor. The intake sampling tube is set inside the cable shaft experimental space at the location where flue gas needs to be collected, and the electrochemical sensor is set outside the cable shaft experimental space. Its input end is connected to each intake sampling tube, and its output end is connected to a computer outside the cable shaft experimental space.
[0012] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing module consists of pipes and nozzles. The pipes are located at the top of the cable shaft experimental space, and multiple nozzles are installed on the pipes for spraying water onto the burning cable.
[0013] Furthermore, a fireproof plate that can move up and down is horizontally installed inside the cable shaft experimental space, and the fireproof plate is provided with through holes through which cables can pass.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of this utility model are:
[0015] This utility model is constructed of a non-combustible structure. It has two air inlets on one side, one at the top and one at the bottom, and a vertical rectangular observation window on the other side. The observation window can be opened in three sections to facilitate cable placement. There is a sliding rail on each side of the rectangular observation window for fixing the camera. The movable camera can collect images from all directions. It also has fire extinguishing, temperature acquisition, and smoke analysis functions.
[0016] This invention enables fire simulation experiments of the entire process of a cable shaft space under different parameters by laying cables in the experimental space. It obtains various fire parameters of the shaft fire experiment, so as to carry out fire protection design for the cable shaft space, improve the safety index and fire extinguishing capability of the cable shaft space, avoid unnecessary losses in high-rise buildings, and can be applied to the fire protection scheme and fire experiment system design and solutions for cable shaft spaces. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a top sectional view of the experimental device for fire testing in cable shaft space according to this utility model.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the experimental device for fire testing in cable shaft space according to this utility model.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the experimental device for fire testing in cable shaft space according to this utility model.
[0020] Attached reference numerals: 1-Cable shaft experimental space, 2-Air inlet, 3-Observation window, 4-Slide rail, 5-Camera, 6-Computer, 7-Thermocouple, 8-Burner, 9-Intake sampling tube, 10-Electrochemical sensor, 11-Pipe, 12-Nozzle, 13-Fireproof board, 14-Cable, 15-Cable tray. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the experimental device for fire in cable shaft space of this utility model mainly includes a cable shaft experimental space 1, a cable tray 15, a burner 8, an image acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, a smoke analysis module, and a fire extinguishing module.
[0023] In the aforementioned device, the cable shaft experimental space 1 can be constructed using a non-combustible enclosure structure. Air inlets 2 can be installed at the upper and lower parts of one side of the cable shaft experimental space 1, and a vertical observation window 3 can be installed on the other side. This observation window 3 can be opened in three sections to facilitate cable placement. Vertical sliding rails are installed on both sides of the observation window 3 to fix the camera 5. The observation window 3 is equipped with fire-resistant transparent glass, and its height is almost equal to the height of the cable shaft experimental space 1, facilitating comprehensive image acquisition of the interior of the cable shaft experimental space 1.
[0024] For example: The cable shaft test space 1 is 6m high, 1m long and 1m wide, and is constructed with fireproof boards with a fire resistance rating of not less than 2 hours. A 0.4m x 1m air inlet is installed at the bottom, and a 0.6m x 0.5m air inlet is installed at the top. A fireproof glass observation window 3 is installed on the side, 5.5m high and 0.8m wide.
[0025] In the above-mentioned device, the cable tray 15 can be vertically arranged on one side inside the cable shaft experimental space 1, and the cable 14 is fixedly laid on the cable tray 15.
[0026] In the above-mentioned device, the burner 8 is a propane gas burner with a heat release rate of 250kW, and is located at the middle position of the lowest part of the cable 14 to ignite the cable 14.
[0027] In the aforementioned device, the image acquisition module is used to acquire images of the cable 14 burning. The image acquisition module can consist of a camera 5 located outside the cable shaft experimental space 1 and a computer 6. The camera is mounted on a slide rail 4 outside the observation window 3, and the acquired images are uploaded to the computer 6. For example, three cameras 5 can be installed at the observation window 3. The cameras 5 can move and adjust their angles arbitrarily on the slide rail to acquire image data of the cable burning from all directions.
[0028] In the above-mentioned device, the temperature acquisition module can be composed of multiple thermocouples 7, which are used to acquire the temperature near the cable 14, near the burner 8 and other locations. They can be deployed on the central axis of the cable 14 and the surrounding area, or at any location within the cable shaft experimental space 1. In order to acquire the temperature near the burner 8, one or more thermocouple measurement points are set above or near the burner 8.
[0029] For example, thermocouples can be divided into three categories: cable thermocouples, space thermocouples, and burner thermocouples. ① Cable thermocouples: One thermocouple is installed every 0.5m along the cable's central axis, with another set of thermocouples every 0.3m on each side of the central axis. A measurement point is then set every 1m on each side of the thermocouples, for a total of 12 + 6 + 6 = 24 thermocouple measurement points. ② Space thermocouples: One set of thermocouples is installed 0.4m from the cable's central axis, with a measurement point every 0.5m, for a total of 12 thermocouple measurement points. ③ Burner thermocouples: One thermocouple measurement point is installed above the burner. In total, 24 + 12 + 1 = 37 thermocouple measurement points are set.
[0030] In the aforementioned device, the flue gas analysis module is used to analyze the composition of flue gas during the combustion of cable 14, and can be composed of multiple intake sampling tubes 9 and an electrochemical sensor 10. According to experimental requirements, the multiple intake sampling tubes 9 are placed inside the cable shaft experimental space 1 at the locations where flue gas needs to be collected. The electrochemical sensor 10 is located outside the cable shaft experimental space 1, with its input end connected to each of the multiple intake sampling tubes 9, and its output end connected to a computer 6 outside the cable shaft experimental space 1.
[0031] In the above-mentioned device, the fire extinguishing module is used to extinguish the fire on the cable 14. It can be composed of a pipe 11 and a nozzle 12. The pipe 11 is located at the top of the cable shaft experimental space 1. Multiple nozzles 12 are arranged on the pipe 11 for spraying water onto the burning cable 14.
[0032] In the above-mentioned device, a fireproof plate 13 that can move up and down is horizontally installed inside the cable shaft experimental space 1. The fireproof plate 13 is provided with through holes through which cables 14 can pass. By adjusting the height of the fireproof plate 13, the cable shaft experimental space 1 can be divided into upper and lower parts to meet different experimental needs.
[0033] Although the functions and working processes of this utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this utility model is not limited to the specific functions and working processes described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these are within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A cable shaft space fire experiment apparatus comprising a cable shaft experiment space (1), characterized in that, The cable shaft experiment space (1) is provided with a vertical cable bridge (15) for laying cables (14), a burner (8) for igniting the cables (14), an image acquisition module for acquiring images of the cables (14) during combustion, a temperature acquisition module for acquiring temperatures near the cables (14) and the burner (8), a flue gas analysis module for analyzing flue gas components during combustion of the cables (14), and a fire extinguishing module for extinguishing the cables (14).
2. The cable shaft space fire experiment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The cable shaft experiment space (1) is built by a non-combustible enclosure.
3. The cable shaft space fire experiment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The upper and lower parts of one side of the cable shaft experiment space (1) are provided with air inlets (2), and the other side is provided with a vertical observation window (3), which is opened in three sections.
4. The cable shaft space fire experiment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The burner (8) is a propane gas burner, which is arranged at the middle position of the lowermost part of the cable (14).
5. The cable shaft space fire experiment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The image acquisition module is composed of a camera (5) outside the cable shaft experiment space (1) and a computer (6), and the camera (5) is arranged on a slide rail (4) outside the observation window (3).
6. The cable shaft space fire experiment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The temperature acquisition module is composed of a plurality of thermocouples (7) arranged near the central axis of the cable (14), near the burner (8) and at any position in the cable shaft experiment space (1).
7. The cable shaft space fire experiment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The flue gas analysis module is composed of an air sampling pipe (9) and an electrochemical sensor (10), the air sampling pipe (9) is arranged at the position inside the cable shaft experiment space (1) where flue gas needs to be collected, and the electrochemical sensor (10) is arranged outside the cable shaft experiment space (1), the input end is connected with each air sampling pipe (9), and the output end is connected with the computer (6) outside the cable shaft experiment space (1).
8. The cable shaft space fire experiment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The fire extinguishing module is composed of a pipeline (11) and a spray head (12), the pipeline (11) is arranged at the top of the cable shaft experiment space (1), and a plurality of spray heads (12) for spraying water on the burning cable (14) are arranged on the pipeline (11).
9. The cable shaft space fire experiment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, A fireproof plate (13) movable up and down is arranged horizontally inside the cable shaft experiment space (1), and the fireproof plate (13) is provided with a through hole through which the cable (14) passes.