Machining tool of gradient composite structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of precision machining, and discloses a machining tool of a gradient composite structure. The cutter head is arranged at the end part of the cutter handle; a mounting groove is formed in the periphery of the tool bit, and a mounting part is formed; the PCD soldering lug is arranged on the mounting part of the tool bit, and the end part and the side part of the PCD soldering lug respectively protrude out of the corresponding surface of the tool bit and are provided with cutting edges; and a transition layer is arranged between the PCD soldering lug and the corresponding side surface of the mounting part. According to the tool, surface machining of various metal materials can be reliably achieved, the transition layer is arranged between the PCD and the tool bit, residual stress generated after welding of the PCD soldering lug can be reduced, the service life of the tool is prolonged, and therefore the machining efficiency of the tool is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of precision machining technology, and more specifically, to a machining tool with a gradient composite structure. Background Technology

[0002] Non-ferrous metals (such as aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, and copper) are widely used in electronics, automotive, and aerospace industries due to their advantages. These applications require high-precision machined surfaces. Currently, for planar machining of non-ferrous metals, PCD (Polymer Die Plate) tools are generally used to improve the wear resistance of machining tools. The PCD tool is welded to the tool head as a single unit. Residual welding stress exists at the PCD tool. Because the tool rotates at high speed during machining, the PCD tool bears a large load, and the residual welding stress affects the tool's lifespan and reduces machining efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a machining tool with a gradient composite structure, which can extend the tool's service life and improve its machining efficiency.

[0004] To solve the problems mentioned above, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides a machining tool with a gradient composite structure, comprising:

[0006] Handle;

[0007] A cutting head is located at the end of the cutting head handle; the outer periphery of the cutting head is provided with a mounting groove, forming a mounting portion;

[0008] A PCD solder pad is disposed on the mounting part of the cutting head. The end and side of the PCD solder pad protrude from the corresponding surface of the cutting head and are provided with cutting edges. A transition layer is provided between the PCD solder pad and the side of the mounting part.

[0009] Furthermore, the transition layer is a honeycomb-shaped nano-silicon carbide-titanium layer, and the porosity of the porous structure within the transition layer is 10% to 30%.

[0010] Furthermore, the thickness of the PCD solder sheet is H, and the thickness of the transition layer is h, satisfying 1 / 30≤h / H≤1 / 3.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness h of the transition layer is 50um to 200um.

[0012] Furthermore, the cutting head is also provided with multiple micro-flow holes, which are located in the mounting groove and correspond to the surface position of the PCD solder pad away from the transition layer.

[0013] Furthermore, a connecting portion is provided between the handle and the blade head, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting portion perpendicular to the axis gradually decreases from the handle towards the blade head.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] The machining tool provided by this utility model can reliably achieve surface machining of various metal materials. By setting a transition layer between the PCD solder sheet and the tool head, the residual stress after the PCD solder sheet is welded can be reduced, the tool service life can be improved, and thus the machining efficiency of the tool can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the solutions in this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the machining tool with a gradient composite structure in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the machining tool with a gradient composite structure in this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the welding of the machining tool with the gradient composite structure in this utility model.

[0020] Among them, 10-tool holder, 20-tool head, 30-PCD welding piece, 31-groove, 40-transition part, 21-mounting groove, 22-mounting part, 23-microflow hole, and 50-connecting part. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. For example, terms such as “length,” “width,” “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “front,” “rear,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer” indicate orientations or positions based on the orientations or positions shown in the accompanying drawings and are merely for ease of description and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0022] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order. In the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model, when an element is referred to as "fixed to," "mounted to," "set on," or "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly located on that other element. For example, when an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to that other element.

[0023] Furthermore, the reference to "embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0024] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this utility model provides a machining tool with a gradient composite structure, comprising:

[0025] Handle 10;

[0026] A cutting head 20 is disposed at the end of the handle 10; the outer periphery of the cutting head 20 is provided with a mounting groove 21, forming a mounting portion 22;

[0027] PCD welding sheet 30 is disposed on the mounting part 22 of the cutting head 20. The end and side of the PCD welding sheet 30 protrude from the corresponding surface of the cutting head 20 and are provided with cutting edges (not shown in the figure) for processing the material surface. A transition layer 40 is provided between the PCD welding sheet 30 and the corresponding side of the mounting part 22 to reduce the welding residual stress on the PCD welding sheet 30.

[0028] Specifically, the cutter head 20 and the tool holder 10 can be an integral structure, meaning the cutter head 20 is formed by machining the end of the tool holder 10. Alternatively, they can be welded together to form an integral structure. The tool holder 10 and the cutter head 20 can be made of materials such as tungsten steel, die steel, and high-speed steel, which can meet processing requirements and reduce costs. Using PCD welding pieces 30 can ensure processing accuracy and improve the wear resistance of the tool, extending its service life.

[0029] In one embodiment, a connecting portion 50 is provided between the tool holder 10 and the tool head 20, which can improve the rigidity of the overall tool structure. The cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting portion 50 perpendicular to the axis gradually decreases from the tool holder 10 towards the tool head 20, thereby improving the overall structural rigidity and ensuring machining efficiency.

[0030] In one embodiment, the transition layer 40 is a honeycomb-shaped nano-silicon carbide-titanium layer, and the porosity of the porous structure in the transition layer 40 is 10% to 30%.

[0031] Specifically, since the transition layer 40 is located between the PCD solder pad 30 and the corresponding side of the mounting part 22, the transition layer 40 needs to be welded to both the PCD solder pad 30 and the mounting part 22 to ensure the stability of the overall tool structure. The transition layer 40 adopts a honeycomb porous structure to enhance the penetration of the solder, that is, the solder can enter the pores of the transition layer 40, thereby improving the welding reliability between the transition layer 40 and the PCD solder pad 30, and between the transition layer 40 and the mounting part 22.

[0032] In this embodiment, the PCD solder pad 30 and the transition layer 40 are sequentially disposed on the mounting portion 22, and a high-frequency pulsed laser (wavelength 1064nm, power 800W, pulse width 10ms) is used to locally heat the side of the PCD solder pad 30 away from the transition layer 40. Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, this method achieves instantaneous heating of only the solder area (i.e., temperature ≤ 800℃), avoiding thermal damage to the PCD solder pad 30 caused by traditional overall heating. The solder can be Ag-Cu-Ti-5% diamond micro powder with a particle size of 2um to 5um, which improves the bonding strength between the PCD solder pad 30 and the transition layer 40, and between the transition layer 40 and the mounting part 22.

[0033] In one embodiment, the thickness of the PCD pad 30 is H, and the thickness of the transition layer 40 is h, satisfying 1 / 30≤h / H≤1 / 3. Specifically, the values ​​can be 1 / 30, 1 / 15, 1 / 5, 1 / 3, or any value within the range, which can ensure the welding stability of the PCD pad 30 and the transition layer 40.

[0034] Specifically, the thickness h of the transition layer 40 is 50um to 200um, and can be 50um, 80um, 120um, 150um, 200um or any value within the range, which facilitates processing and ensures the structural rigidity of the PCD solder sheet 30.

[0035] In one embodiment, the cutting head 20 is also provided with a plurality of micro-flow holes 23, which are disposed in the mounting groove 21 and correspond to the surface position of the PCD solder pad 30 away from the transition layer 40.

[0036] During high-speed rotation machining, the PCD solder pad 30 generates heat. Coolant flows out through the micro-flow holes 23 and is sprayed onto the surface of the PCD solder pad 30, which can cool the PCD solder pad 30 and flush away chips, ensuring the reliability of the machining tool.

[0037] Specifically, the cutter head 20 is provided with multiple micro-flow holes 23 along the axial direction. The number of micro-flow holes 23 can be arbitrarily set according to the size of the cutter head 20 and the PCD solder pad 30, so that the coolant sprayed out from all the micro-flow holes 23 can act on the PCD solder pad 30, ensuring the working efficiency of the PCD solder pad 30.

[0038] Understandably, the coolant inlet can be located on the side wall of the tool head 20 or tool holder 10, and the tool head 20 or tool holder 10 has a flow channel communicating with the microfluidic holes 23 inside. The tool head 20 or tool holder 10 can also have a central hole along the axial direction, and the central hole communicates with multiple sets of microfluidic holes 23, all of which allow the coolant to be sprayed out from the microfluidic holes 23 and act on the surface of the PCD solder pad 30.

[0039] The machining tool provided by this utility model has a transition layer 40 between the PCD welding piece 30 and the mounting part 22 of the tool head 20. In actual applications of machining aluminum-based silicon carbide materials, the cutting time is increased by 76% compared with existing tools, thus improving the tool's service life.

[0040] The machining tool provided by this utility model can reliably achieve surface machining of various metal materials. By setting a transition layer 40 between the PCD solder sheet 30 and the tool head 20, the residual stress after welding of the PCD solder sheet 30 is reduced, thereby improving the tool's service life. The tool head 20 is also provided with micro-flow holes 23, through which coolant acts on the surface of the PCD solder sheet 30, achieving cooling of the PCD solder sheet 30 and flushing away chips from the PCD solder sheet 30, further improving the overall working efficiency of the tool.

[0041] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present utility model, but the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A machining tool of a gradient composite structure, characterized by: The utility model relates to a cutting tool, comprising: a shank; a head provided at an end of the shank, the head having an outer periphery provided with a mounting groove and forming a mounting portion; a PCD soldering sheet provided on the mounting portion of the head, the PCD soldering sheet having an end and a side portion protruding from corresponding surfaces of the head and provided with a cutting edge, and a transition layer provided between the side of the PCD soldering sheet corresponding to the mounting portion.

2. The machining tool of claim 1, wherein: The transition layer is a honeycomb-shaped nano silicon carbide-titanium layer, and the porosity of the porous structure in the transition layer is 10-30%.

3. The gradient composite structure machining tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the PCD soldering sheet is H, and the thickness of the transition layer is h, satisfying 1 / 30≤h / H≤1 / 3.

4. The gradient composite structure machining tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the transition layer h is 50-200 um.

5. The gradient composite structure machining tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The head is further provided with a plurality of micro flow holes, the micro flow holes being provided in the mounting groove, and the micro flow holes corresponding to positions of the surface of the PCD soldering sheet away from the transition layer.

6. The gradient composite structure machining tool according to claim 1, wherein: A connecting portion is provided between the shank and the head, and the cross-sectional area of the connecting portion perpendicular to the axis gradually decreases from the shank to the head.

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