Grouping type power management circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to a grouping type power supply management circuit, which comprises a charging unit group, a voltage detection processing unit group and a voltage output unit, the number of internal voltage detection processing units is consistent with the number of battery packs in a series power supply, and each voltage detection processing unit is also connected with a charging unit for charging the connected battery pack; the voltage output unit comprises a plurality of voltage output interfaces, and the voltage output interfaces are connected with the corresponding battery packs in the series power supply, so that one voltage output interface is used for providing target power supply voltage to the outside; the negative electrode end of each voltage output interface is connected to the discharge protection circuit and is at least connected with the power supply negative electrode end of the series power supply through the discharge protection circuit, and all the voltage detection processing units are connected with the discharge protection circuit. According to the utility model, effective charging and discharging management can be carried out on a series power supply formed by connecting a plurality of battery packs in series, and the flexibility and reliability of power supply are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a circuit, and more particularly to a grouped power management circuit. Background Technology

[0002] As modern electronic devices increasingly demand flexibility and longer battery life, the application of connecting multiple lithium battery packs in series for power supply is becoming more and more common. To ensure the safety and reliability of power supply, it is generally necessary to manage the power supply through a power management system.

[0003] Currently, most battery management systems on the market focus on a fixed single-voltage output, which cannot meet the need for flexible switching between multiple voltages. This makes them somewhat limited when facing different power demands. Therefore, to meet the power supply requirements of flexible switching between multiple voltages, efficient and intelligent battery management systems have become the industry's goal. Understandably, efficient and intelligent battery management systems are of great significance for improving energy utilization and equipment operating efficiency.

[0004] It should be noted that while current battery management systems can meet certain market demands, they are not yet ideal, particularly in terms of voltage output and charge / discharge management. To address these issues, the industry has implemented several conventional methods. One common approach is to centrally monitor and manage the entire battery pack, ensuring safety by setting fixed charge / discharge thresholds. While this method is simple and easy to implement, it struggles to meet the demands of fine-tuning under complex operating conditions. Another typical approach is to introduce additional DC-DC converter circuits, which not only increases hardware costs but may also lead to energy loss. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a grouped power management circuit that can effectively manage the charging and discharging of a series power supply formed by multiple battery packs connected in series, thereby improving the flexibility and reliability of power supply.

[0006] According to the technical solution provided by this utility model, a grouped power management circuit is used to manage a series power supply formed by multiple battery packs connected in series. The power management circuit includes:

[0007] A charging unit group includes several charging units, wherein the number of charging units in the charging unit group is consistent with the number of battery packs in the series power supply, and the charging units are connected one-to-one with the battery packs so that the connected battery packs can be charged through one charging unit.

[0008] The voltage detection and processing unit group includes several voltage detection and processing units. The number of voltage detection and processing units in the voltage detection and processing unit group is consistent with the number of battery packs in the series power supply. Each voltage detection and processing unit is connected to a battery pack in a one-to-one correspondence. Each voltage detection and processing unit is also connected to a charging unit that charges the connected battery pack, so as to use the voltage detection and processing unit to regulate the charging state of the connected battery pack by the charging unit.

[0009] The voltage output unit includes several voltage output interfaces, wherein the voltage output interfaces are connected to the corresponding battery pack in the series power supply so as to provide the target power supply voltage to the outside using one voltage output interface;

[0010] The negative terminal of each voltage output interface is connected to the discharge protection circuit, and is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply of the series power supply through the discharge protection circuit. All voltage detection and processing units are connected to the discharge protection circuit.

[0011] When the voltage detection and processing unit determines that a battery in the series power supply is in an over-discharge state, the discharge protection circuit disconnects the negative terminals of all voltage output interfaces from the negative terminals of the series power supply.

[0012] Each charging unit includes at least one charger and a charging switch transistor, wherein,

[0013] The positive terminal of the charger is connected to the positive terminal of the corresponding battery pack, and the negative terminal of the charger is connected to the negative terminal of the corresponding battery pack through a charging switch tube.

[0014] The control terminal of the charging switch is connected to the corresponding voltage detection and processing unit. The voltage detection and processing unit regulates the switching state of the charging switch, thereby regulating the charging state of the charger for the battery pack based on the switching state of the charging switch.

[0015] The voltage detection and processing unit includes several voltage detection circuits, a battery protection chip adapted and connected to the voltage detection circuits, an overcharge protection control circuit adapted and connected to the battery protection chip, and an over-discharge protection control circuit.

[0016] The number of voltage detection circuits in the voltage detection processing unit is consistent with the number of batteries in the corresponding battery pack, so that the voltage of the corresponding connected battery can be determined by using one voltage detection circuit.

[0017] The overcharge protection control circuit is connected to the control terminal of the corresponding charging switch transistor;

[0018] The over-discharge protection control circuit and the discharge protection circuit are adapted and connected.

[0019] The battery protection chip uses a model number CW1353AFCP, in which...

[0020] When the battery protection chip uses a chip of model CW1353AFCP, the voltage detection circuit includes a voltage detection PMOS transistor, and the source terminal of the voltage detection PMOS transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the battery corresponding to the current voltage detection circuit and one end of the source resistor.

[0021] The drain terminal of the voltage sensing PMOS transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the corresponding battery through a drain resistor. The gate terminal of the voltage sensing PMOS transistor is connected to one end of a gate resistor. The other end of the gate resistor, the other end of the source terminal resistor, and a voltage sensing pin of the voltage sensing capacitor and the battery protection chip are connected.

[0022] The overcharge protection control circuit is connected to the CO terminal of the battery protection chip, wherein the overcharge protection control circuit includes an overcharge protection transistor.

[0023] The base of the overcharge protection transistor is connected to one end of the first base resistor and one end of the second base resistor. The other end of the first base resistor is connected to the CO terminal of the battery protection chip. The other end of the second base resistor is connected to the emitter of the overcharge protection transistor. The emitter of the overcharge protection transistor is also connected to the positive terminal of the current battery pack.

[0024] The collector terminal of the overcharge protection transistor is connected to one end of the first collector resistor. The other end of the first collector resistor is connected to the control terminal of the charging switch transistor and one end of the second collector resistor. The first connection terminal of the charging switch transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the current battery pack. The second connection terminal of the charging switch transistor and the other end of the second collector resistor are connected to the negative terminal of the charger.

[0025] The over-discharge protection control circuit is connected to the DO terminal of the battery protection chip, wherein the over-discharge protection control circuit includes an over-discharge protection optocoupler;

[0026] The anode of the LED inside the over-discharge protection optocoupler is connected to one end of the first over-discharge protection resistor and one end of the second over-discharge protection resistor. The other end of the first over-discharge protection resistor is connected to the DO terminal of the battery protection chip. The other end of the second over-discharge protection resistor and the cathode of the LED inside the over-discharge protection optocoupler are both connected to the cathode of the current battery pack.

[0027] The collector of the phototransistor in the over-discharge protection optocoupler is connected to the voltage VMOS+, the emitter of the phototransistor in the over-discharge protection optocoupler is connected to one end of the over-discharge protection third resistor, and the emitter of the phototransistor in the over-discharge protection optocoupler is also connected to the over-discharge protection circuit. The other end of the over-discharge protection third resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0028] The discharge protection circuit includes at least a logic gate circuit and an over-discharge protection switch transistor adapted and connected to the logic gate circuit, wherein...

[0029] The control terminal of the over-discharge protection switch is connected to the output terminal of the logic gate circuit, and the input terminal of the logic gate circuit is connected to the output terminal of the over-discharge protection control circuit in all voltage detection and processing units.

[0030] The first terminal of the over-discharge protection switch is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the second terminal of the over-discharge protection switch is connected to the output control processor. The output control processor regulates the connection status between the negative terminals of all voltage output ports and the negative terminals of the serial power supply through the interface status adjustment unit.

[0031] The over-discharge protection switch is a power switch, and when the over-discharge protection switch is an NMOS transistor, the logic gate circuit is an AND gate circuit.

[0032] The power management circuit also includes a display unit and an emergency operation unit for providing emergency power to the display unit, wherein...

[0033] The power supply terminal of the display unit is connected to the serial power adapter to power the display unit using the serial power supply.

[0034] The control terminal of the over-discharge protection switch is connected to the positive terminal of the serial power supply through an emergency operation unit. The emergency operation unit enables the positive terminal of the serial power supply to be connected to the control terminal of the over-discharge protection switch, thereby driving the over-discharge protection switch to be in a closed state. After that, the serial power supply to the display unit is restored based on the closed state of the over-discharge protection switch.

[0035] The voltage output unit also interfaces with a voltage detection unit, wherein...

[0036] The interface voltage detection unit is connected to the output control processor to detect the voltage supplied by each voltage output interface.

[0037] When the over-discharge protection switch is in the closed state, the power supply of the serial power group to the output control processor is restored based on the closed state of the over-discharge protection switch.

[0038] The advantages of this utility model are: for multiple battery packs in a series power supply, each battery pack can be charged using a charging unit, and a voltage detection and processing unit can be used to detect the voltage, so as to avoid overcharging in conjunction with the charging unit and avoid over-discharging of the battery in conjunction with the discharge protection circuit, thus enabling effective charge and discharge management of the series power supply.

[0039] By setting one or more voltage output interfaces within the voltage output unit, one or more different target power supply voltages can be provided simultaneously, improving the flexibility and reliability of power supply. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of one embodiment of the power management circuit of this utility model.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the voltage detection and processing unit of this utility model.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the interface voltage detection sub-circuit of this utility model.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the interface voltage detection sub-circuit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the specific accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] To effectively manage the charging and discharging of a series power supply formed by multiple battery packs connected in series, and to improve the flexibility and reliability of power supply, this utility model provides a grouped power management circuit. Specifically, it is used to manage a series power supply formed by multiple battery packs connected in series. The power management circuit includes:

[0046] A charging unit group includes several charging units, wherein the number of charging units in the charging unit group is consistent with the number of battery packs in the series power supply, and the charging units are connected one-to-one with the battery packs so that the connected battery packs can be charged through one charging unit.

[0047] The voltage detection and processing unit group includes several voltage detection and processing units. The number of voltage detection and processing units in the voltage detection and processing unit group is consistent with the number of battery packs in the series power supply. Each voltage detection and processing unit is connected to a battery pack in a one-to-one correspondence. Each voltage detection and processing unit is also connected to a charging unit that charges the connected battery pack, so as to use the voltage detection and processing unit to regulate the charging state of the connected battery pack by the charging unit.

[0048] The voltage output unit includes several voltage output interfaces, wherein the voltage output interfaces are connected to the corresponding battery pack in the series power supply so as to provide the target power supply voltage to the outside using one voltage output interface;

[0049] The negative terminal of each voltage output interface is connected to the discharge protection circuit, and is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply of the series power supply through the discharge protection circuit. All voltage detection and processing units are connected to the discharge protection circuit.

[0050] When the voltage detection and processing unit determines that a battery in the series power supply is in an over-discharge state, the discharge protection circuit disconnects the negative terminals of all voltage output interfaces from the negative terminals of the series power supply.

[0051] It should be noted that this utility model is applicable to the management of a series power supply formed by multiple battery packs connected in series. Each battery pack may include one or more batteries, that is, the number of batteries in each battery pack in the series power supply may be different, and the number of the innermost battery in each battery pack can be selected and determined according to the actual application requirements. Therefore, the grouped power supply is a power supply that includes multiple resistor strings. Figure 1 The figure shows one embodiment of the series power supply of this utility model. Figure 1 The medium-capacity series power supply includes two battery packs, each containing four batteries. Specifically, Figure 1 In this configuration, terminal B- forms the negative terminal of the series power supply. Terminals B- to B4+ form one battery pack, and terminals B4+ to B8+ form another battery pack. For specific implementation details regarding other power supply groups connected in series to form corresponding series power supplies, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1 And this explanation, which will not be illustrated with examples here.

[0052] Figure 1 In the diagram, B1+ and B- terminals represent one battery within a battery pack, while B1+ and B2+ terminals represent another battery within the same battery pack. The same logic applies to other cases, allowing us to determine the corresponding battery configurations within two battery packs. As shown in the diagram, the batteries within each battery pack are connected in series, and the two battery packs are also connected in series.

[0053] To enable flexible power supply and charge / discharge management using a series power supply, the power management circuit in this invention should include at least a charging unit group, a voltage detection and processing unit group, and a voltage output unit. The charging unit group is used to charge the series power supply. The number of charging units within the charging unit group should at least match the number of battery packs within the series power supply, with one charging unit connected to one battery pack. This allows for independent charging of the connected battery packs, improving the convenience and reliability of charging the battery packs within the series power supply. It is understood that when... Figure 1 When the series power supply includes two battery packs, the charging unit group should include two charging units. The details of the charging units will be explained below.

[0054] In practical implementation, the voltage detection and processing unit group should include several voltage detection and processing units. Generally, the number of voltage detection and processing units should be at least consistent with the number of battery packs in the series power supply. That is, the voltage detection and processing units should also be connected in a one-to-one correspondence with the battery packs. The voltage detection and processing units can be used to detect the voltage of the batteries in the connected battery packs. Of course, the voltage detection and processing units should also be connected to the corresponding charging units. The corresponding charging units specifically refer to the charging units connected to the current battery pack. The current battery pack is also the battery pack connected to the voltage detection and processing units. Therefore, a battery pack should be connected to both a voltage detection and processing unit and a charging unit at the same time, and the voltage detection and processing units also need to be connected to the charging units.

[0055] It should be noted that the voltage detection and processing unit can detect the voltage of each battery in the connected battery pack, and adjust the charging state of the connected charging unit according to the detected voltage, thereby avoiding overcharging of the connected battery pack by the charging unit. Specifically, for any voltage detection and processing unit, when the voltage detection and processing unit detects that there is a battery in the connected battery pack in an overcharged state, the voltage detection and processing unit should shut down the charging of the connected battery pack by the charging unit, thereby realizing overcharge protection during battery pack charging.

[0056] As can be seen from the above explanation, Figure 1 In the example shown, the voltage detection processing unit should include two voltage detection processing units. Figure 1 In the middle, there are two voltage detection and processing units, namely a high voltage detection and processing unit and a low voltage detection and processing unit. The high voltage detection and processing unit is connected to the battery pack corresponding to terminals B4+ to B8+, and the low voltage detection and processing unit is connected to... Figure 1 Battery pack connection from B- terminal to B4+ terminal.

[0057] To ensure flexibility in power supply, the voltage output unit should include several voltage output interfaces. Each voltage output interface can provide a target supply voltage. The choice of which voltage output interface provides the target supply voltage should be based on the series power supply and actual needs, ensuring that the actual power supply requirements are met. Figure 1 The image shows an embodiment where the voltage output unit includes two voltage output interfaces. Figure 1 The device has two voltage output interfaces: a 24V output interface and a 12V output interface. The 24V output interface can provide a target power supply voltage of 24V, and the 12V output interface can provide a target power supply voltage of 12V.

[0058] It should be noted that the voltage output interface should be connected to the corresponding battery pack within the series power supply to achieve the appropriate power supply. Figure 1In the embodiment, the positive terminal of the 24V output interface is connected to the B8+ terminal, the positive terminal of the 12V output interface is connected to the B4+ terminal, and the negative terminals of the 24V output interface and the 12V output interface should be connected to the corresponding B- terminal. Figure 1 In the embodiments described, the B- terminal can form the negative terminal of the series power supply, and the B8+ terminal can form the positive terminal of the series power supply. When the battery pack in the series power supply adopts other configurations, the configurations of the positive and negative terminals of the series power supply can be referred to... Figure 1 And this is explained here.

[0059] To provide discharge protection for the series power supply, the negative terminal of each voltage output interface should be connected to the negative terminal of the series power supply via a discharge protection circuit. Simultaneously, all voltage detection and processing units should also be connected to the discharge protection circuit. It should be noted that the voltage detection and processing units can detect the discharge state of each battery in the connected battery pack. When it is determined that one battery is over-discharged, the discharge protection circuit can disconnect the negative terminals of all voltage output interfaces from the negative terminal of the series power supply. At this point, all voltage output interfaces cannot supply voltage, thus achieving over-discharge protection for the batteries in the series power supply and improving the reliability of battery discharge within the series power supply.

[0060] In one embodiment of this utility model, each charging unit includes at least a charger and a charging switch transistor, wherein...

[0061] The positive terminal of the charger is connected to the positive terminal of the corresponding battery pack, and the negative terminal of the charger is connected to the negative terminal of the corresponding battery pack through a charging switch tube.

[0062] The control terminal of the charging switch is connected to the corresponding voltage detection and processing unit. The voltage detection and processing unit regulates the switching state of the charging switch, thereby regulating the charging state of the charger for the battery pack based on the switching state of the charging switch.

[0063] To enable charging of the connected battery pack, each charging unit should generally include a charger and at least one charging switch. The charger can be of a commonly used type, allowing connection to an external power source. The charging switch can be of a common type. Figure 1The diagram illustrates an embodiment where an NMOS transistor is used as the charging switch. In this case, the gate of the NMOS transistor forms the control terminal of the charging switch. A charging control signal can be output through a voltage detection and processing unit. Under normal circumstances, the charging control signal should be high, and the NMOS transistor, acting as the charging switch, is in the on state. Thus, the charger can be used to charge the batteries in the battery pack. When any battery in the battery pack is in an overcharge state, the charging control signal output by the voltage detection and processing unit should be low. In this case, the NMOS transistor, acting as the charging switch, is in the off state, and the charger cannot be used to charge the batteries in the battery pack.

[0064] As can be seen from the above explanation, Figure 1 An embodiment with two charging units is shown in the figure. Figure 1 In this configuration, the first charger and NMOS transistor Q7 constitute the first charging unit, and the second charger and NMOS transistor Q10 constitute the second charging unit. Figure 1 In the first charging unit, the positive terminal of the first charger should be connected to the B8+ terminal, that is, the positive terminal of the first charger should be connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the series power supply. The negative terminal of the first charger is connected to the source terminal of the NMOS transistor Q7, the drain terminal of the NMOS transistor Q7 is connected to the B4+ terminal, and the gate terminal of the NMOS transistor Q7 is connected to the output terminal of the high voltage detection and processing unit. The charging state control of the corresponding battery pack can be realized by the conduction state of the NMOS transistor Q7.

[0065] Similarly, for Figure 1 The second charging unit in the system has its positive terminal connected to the B4+ terminal, its negative terminal connected to the source terminal of the NMOS transistor Q10, its drain terminal connected to the B- terminal, and its gate terminal connected to the output terminal of the low voltage detection and processing unit. The charging state control of the corresponding battery pack can be achieved by controlling the conduction state of the NMOS transistor Q10.

[0066] As can be seen from the above description, the first charging unit and the second charging unit can charge the connected battery pack independently. When the first charging unit and the second charging unit charge the connected battery pack at the same time, since the first charger and the second charger are generally isolated, the charging status of the two battery packs will not be affected.

[0067] In one embodiment of this utility model, the voltage detection and processing unit includes several voltage detection circuits, a battery protection chip adapted and connected to the voltage detection circuits, an overcharge protection control circuit adapted and connected to the battery protection chip, and an over-discharge protection control circuit.

[0068] The number of voltage detection circuits in the voltage detection processing unit is consistent with the number of batteries in the corresponding battery pack, so that the voltage of the corresponding connected battery can be determined by using one voltage detection circuit.

[0069] The overcharge protection control circuit is connected to the control terminal of the corresponding charging switch transistor;

[0070] The over-discharge protection control circuit and the discharge protection circuit are adapted and connected.

[0071] To achieve the aforementioned voltage detection and processing, the voltage detection and processing unit should include several voltage detection circuits and a battery protection chip. The number of voltage detection circuits should correspond to the number of batteries in the corresponding connected battery pack, so that the voltage of the corresponding connected battery can be determined using a single voltage detection circuit. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, both the high-voltage detection processing unit and the low-voltage detection processing unit should include four voltage detection circuits. Other cases can be referred to the description here. In specific implementation, within the same voltage detection processing unit, all voltage detection circuits should be adapted and connected to the battery protection chip to transmit the voltage state of each battery to the battery protection chip. Specifically, the voltage state of the battery refers to the voltage state of the batteries in the battery pack connected to the voltage detection processing unit.

[0072] As can be seen from the above description, the voltage detection and processing unit should be connected to the control terminal of the charging switch and the discharge protection circuit. In order to achieve the required connection state, the overcharge protection control circuit and the over-discharge protection control circuit can be adapted and connected to the battery protection chip. The overcharge protection control circuit is connected to the control terminal of the charging switch, that is, the overcharge protection control circuit can output the charging control signal. At the same time, the over-discharge protection control circuit is connected to the discharge protection circuit, that is, the over-discharge protection control circuit can output the over-discharge protection signal.

[0073] In one embodiment of this utility model, the battery protection chip is a CW1353AFCP chip, wherein...

[0074] When the battery protection chip uses a chip of model CW1353AFCP, the voltage detection circuit includes a voltage detection PMOS transistor, and the source terminal of the voltage detection PMOS transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the battery corresponding to the current voltage detection circuit and one end of the source resistor.

[0075] The drain terminal of the voltage sensing PMOS transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the corresponding battery through a drain resistor. The gate terminal of the voltage sensing PMOS transistor is connected to one end of a gate resistor. The other end of the gate resistor, the other end of the source terminal resistor, and a voltage sensing pin of the voltage sensing capacitor and the battery protection chip are connected.

[0076] Figure 2The figure shows one embodiment of the voltage detection and processing unit when the battery protection chip is a CW1353AFCP chip. As can be seen from the figure, Figure 2 The voltage detection processing unit shown in the figure and Figure 1 The high voltage detection and processing unit in the middle corresponds to, by Figure 1 As can be seen from the above explanation, Figure 2 The voltage detection and processing unit includes four voltage detection circuits, all of which use the same circuit configuration. In the diagram, U1 is the battery protection chip. These four voltage detection circuits can be connected to the battery pack via connector P1, and can be connected to the corresponding positive and negative terminals of the four batteries within the pack, thereby enabling voltage sampling. It should be noted that other types of chips can also be used for the battery protection chip, specifically those capable of performing the functions of the CW1353AFCP chip; these will not be listed here.

[0077] Figure 2 In the first voltage detection circuit, the voltage detection circuit is used to adapt and connect to the B4+ and B5+ terminals in the series power supply. Specifically, for the first voltage detection circuit, a PMOS transistor Q5 is used to form a voltage detection PMOS transistor, the positive terminal of the current battery is the B5+ terminal, a resistor R23 is used to form a source resistor, a resistor R27 and a resistor R30 are connected in parallel to form a drain terminal resistor, the B4+ terminal forms the negative terminal of the current battery, a resistor R25 forms a gate terminal resistor, and a capacitor C6 forms a voltage detection capacitor. The capacitor C6, resistor R25 and resistor R23 are connected to the VC1 terminal of the battery protection chip, and the GND terminal of the battery protection chip is connected to the B4+ terminal.

[0078] Figure 2 In the second voltage detection circuit, the circuit is used to adapt and connect to the B6+ and B5+ terminals in the series power supply. Specifically, for the second voltage detection circuit, a PMOS transistor Q4 is used to form a voltage detection PMOS transistor. The positive terminal of the current battery is the B6+ terminal. A resistor R17 is used to form a source resistor. A drain resistor is formed by connecting resistors R20 and R22 in parallel. The negative terminal of the current battery is formed through the B5+ terminal. That is, the drain terminal of the PMOS transistor Q4 is connected to the B5+ terminal through the parallel resistors R20 and R22. A gate resistor is formed through a resistor R19. A voltage detection capacitor is formed through a capacitor C5. A capacitor C5, a resistor R17, and a resistor R19 are connected to the VC2 terminal of the battery protection chip.

[0079] Figure 2In the circuit, the third voltage detection circuit is used to adapt and connect to the B7+ and B6+ terminals in the series power supply. Specifically, for the third voltage detection circuit, PMOS transistor Q2 is used to form a voltage detection PMOS transistor. The positive terminal of the current battery is the B7+ terminal. Resistor R9 is used to form the source resistor. Resistors R13 and R15 are connected in parallel to form the drain terminal resistor. The B6+ terminal forms the negative terminal of the current battery. That is, the drain terminal of PMOS transistor Q2 is connected to the B6+ terminal through the parallel resistors R13 and R15. Resistor R10 forms the gate terminal resistor. Capacitor C4 forms the voltage detection capacitor. Capacitor C4, resistor R10, and resistor R9 are connected to the VC3 terminal of the battery protection chip.

[0080] Figure 2 In the circuit, the fourth voltage detection circuit is used to adapt and connect to the B8+ and B7+ terminals in the series power supply. Specifically, for the fourth voltage detection circuit, PMOS transistor Q1 is used to form a voltage detection PMOS transistor. The positive terminal of the current battery is the B8+ terminal. Resistor R2 is used to form a source resistor. Resistors R5 and R8 are connected in parallel to form a drain terminal resistor. The B7+ terminal forms the negative terminal of the current battery. That is, the drain terminal of PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the B7+ terminal through the parallel resistors R5 and R8. Resistor R4 forms a gate terminal resistor. Capacitor C2 forms a voltage detection capacitor. Capacitor C2, resistor R2, and resistor R4 are connected to the VC4 and VC5 terminals of the battery protection chip.

[0081] also, Figure 2 In this configuration, the VDD terminal of the battery protection chip is connected to one end of capacitor C1 and one end of resistor R1. The other end of resistor R1 is connected in series with the B8+ terminal of the power supply. The other end of capacitor C1 is connected to the B5+ terminal. The CIT terminal of the battery protection chip is connected to the B5+ terminal through capacitor C3. The ROT terminal of the battery protection chip is connected to one end of resistor R7. The RUT terminal of the battery protection chip is connected to one end of resistor R6. The other ends of resistors R7 and R6 are both connected to the B5+ terminal through resistor R3. The SEL terminal of the battery protection chip is connected to the B5+ terminal through resistor R11, the DCTRL terminal of the battery protection chip is connected to the B5+ terminal through resistor R14, and the VM terminal of the battery protection chip is connected to the B5+ terminal through resistor R18.

[0082] In one embodiment of this utility model, the overcharge protection control circuit is connected to the CO terminal of the battery protection chip, wherein the overcharge protection control circuit includes an overcharge protection transistor.

[0083] The base of the overcharge protection transistor is connected to one end of the first base resistor and one end of the second base resistor. The other end of the first base resistor is connected to the CO terminal of the battery protection chip. The other end of the second base resistor is connected to the emitter of the overcharge protection transistor. The emitter of the overcharge protection transistor is also connected to the positive terminal of the current battery pack.

[0084] The collector terminal of the overcharge protection transistor is connected to one end of the first collector resistor. The other end of the first collector resistor is connected to the control terminal of the charging switch transistor and one end of the second collector resistor. The first connection terminal of the charging switch transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the current battery pack. The second connection terminal of the charging switch transistor and the other end of the second collector resistor are connected to the negative terminal of the charger.

[0085] Figure 3 The figure illustrates one embodiment of an overshoot protection control circuit. In the figure, a PNP transistor Q3 forms the overshoot protection transistor. Resistor R16 forms the first base resistor, and resistor R12 forms the second base resistor. As explained above, the B8+ terminal forms the positive terminal of the current battery pack. Resistor R21 forms the first collector resistor, and resistor R28 forms the second collector resistor. As explained above, NMOS transistor Q7 serves as the charging switch, with its drain terminal serving as the first connection terminal and its source terminal serving as the second connection terminal. As explained above... Figure 3 The voltage detection and processing circuit in Figure 1 The first charger in the circuit is connected accordingly, therefore... Figure 3 C5- in the diagram is the negative terminal of the first charger.

[0086] It should be noted that when the voltage detection circuit adopts the above circuit form and is connected to the battery protection chip, the battery protection chip can determine whether the battery is in an overcharge state. When an overcharge state is determined, a low-level signal is generated through the PNP transistor Q3. At this time, the NMOS transistor Q7 is in the off state, thereby stopping the charging of the current battery pack.

[0087] In one embodiment of this utility model, the over-discharge protection control circuit is connected to the DO terminal of the battery protection chip, wherein the over-discharge protection control circuit includes an over-discharge protection optocoupler.

[0088] The anode of the LED inside the over-discharge protection optocoupler is connected to one end of the first over-discharge protection resistor and one end of the second over-discharge protection resistor. The other end of the first over-discharge protection resistor is connected to the DO terminal of the battery protection chip. The other end of the second over-discharge protection resistor and the cathode of the LED inside the over-discharge protection optocoupler are both connected to the cathode of the current battery pack.

[0089] The collector of the phototransistor in the over-discharge protection optocoupler is connected to the voltage VMOS+, the emitter of the phototransistor in the over-discharge protection optocoupler is connected to one end of the over-discharge protection third resistor, and the emitter of the phototransistor in the over-discharge protection optocoupler is also connected to the over-discharge protection circuit. The other end of the over-discharge protection third resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0090] Figure 3 The figure illustrates one embodiment of an over-discharge protection control circuit. In the figure, resistor R112 forms the first over-discharge protection resistor, and resistor R146 forms the second over-discharge protection resistor. As explained above, terminal B4+ forms the cathode of the current battery pack. An over-discharge protection control signal can be generated through the emitter terminal of the phototransistor within the over-discharge protection optocoupler. Figure 3 DG2 in the diagram is the generated over-discharge protection control signal. It is understood that the over-discharge protection control circuit can also use other circuit configurations, which can be selected according to specific needs; examples will not be given here.

[0091] In one embodiment of this utility model, the discharge protection circuit includes at least a logic gate circuit and an over-discharge protection switch transistor adapted and connected to the logic gate circuit, wherein...

[0092] The control terminal of the over-discharge protection switch is connected to the output terminal of the logic gate circuit, and the input terminal of the logic gate circuit is connected to the output terminal of the over-discharge protection control circuit in all voltage detection and processing units.

[0093] The first terminal of the over-discharge protection switch is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the second terminal of the over-discharge protection switch is connected to the output control processor. The output control processor regulates the connection status between the negative terminals of all voltage output ports and the negative terminals of the serial power supply through the interface status adjustment unit.

[0094] It should be noted that the over-discharge protection switch is a power switch, and when the over-discharge protection switch is an NMOS transistor, Figure 1 In this circuit, NMOS transistor Q20 serves as an over-discharge protection switch. The source terminal of NMOS transistor Q20 forms the first terminal of the switch, and the drain terminal of NMOS transistor Q20 forms the second terminal of the switch. Figure 1 In this context, AND1 is an AND gate circuit. When the output of the over-discharge protection control circuit is connected to the AND gate circuit AND1, it specifically means that the emitter terminal of the phototransistor inside the over-discharge protection optocoupler is connected to the input terminal of the AND gate circuit AND1.

[0095] It should be noted that when the batteries in the battery pack are not over-discharged, the over-discharge protection control signal output by the over-discharge protection control circuit is high. Conversely, when any battery in the battery pack is over-discharged, the over-discharge protection control signal output by the over-discharge protection control circuit is low. After the voltage detection circuit acquires the voltage of the corresponding battery, the battery protection chip can determine whether the battery is over-discharged or overcharged. The specific method for determining the over-discharge or overcharge state is consistent with existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0096] In practical implementation, the output control processor can be a commonly used microprocessor chip, such as a microcontroller. The type of output control processor can be selected as needed to meet the power management requirements. When the output control processor is connected to the drain terminal of the NMOS transistor Q20, the over-discharge status signal can be loaded to the output controller through the NMOS transistor Q20. For example, when the NMOS transistor Q20 is in the on state, the output controller determines that no battery in the current serial power supply is in an over-discharge state, and when the NMOS transistor Q20 is in the off state, the output controller can determine that no battery in the current serial power supply is in an over-discharge state.

[0097] The output control processor can also be connected to the interface status adjustment unit. Specifically, the output control processor adjusts the connection status between the negative terminals of all voltage output ports and the negative power supply terminal of the series power supply through the interface status adjustment unit. The interface status adjustment unit can configure the external power supply status of the voltage output ports. It should be noted that when the discharge protection circuit adopts the above configuration, and the negative terminal of each voltage output port is connected to the discharge protection circuit, and is at least connected to the negative power supply terminal of the series power supply via the discharge protection circuit, specifically, when the negative terminals of all voltage output ports are connected to the negative power supply terminal of the series power supply through the interface status adjustment unit, the overcurrent capability can be effectively improved.

[0098] In practical implementation, the interface state control unit may include relays and relay drive circuits. Specifically, when the interface state control unit is connected to the output control processor, the relay drive circuit is electrically connected to the output control processor, and the negative terminals of all voltage output interfaces are adapted to the negative terminals of the series power supply through the normally open contacts of the relays. When the normally open contacts of the relays are closed, the voltage output interfaces are connected to the negative terminals of the series power supply, thus forming a circuit capable of supplying power externally. When the normally open contacts of the relays are open, the connection between the voltage output interfaces and the negative terminals of the series power supply is disconnected, and the voltage output interfaces cannot supply power externally. The relays and relay drive circuits can adopt existing commonly used forms. Furthermore, the power supply status of all voltage output interfaces can be controlled by a single relay, or the power supply status of a single voltage output interface can be controlled by a single relay. Therefore, the implementation circuit form of the interface state control unit can be selected as needed.

[0099] Figure 1 The image shows an embodiment in which the interface control unit uses a relay and a relay drive circuit. Figure 1 In this context, KK represents the normally open contact of the relay.

[0100] In one embodiment of this utility model, the power management circuit further includes a display unit and an emergency operation unit for providing emergency power to the display unit, wherein...

[0101] The power supply terminal of the display unit is connected to the serial power adapter to power the display unit using the serial power supply.

[0102] The control terminal of the over-discharge protection switch is connected to the positive terminal of the serial power supply through an emergency operation unit. The emergency operation unit enables the positive terminal of the serial power supply to be connected to the control terminal of the over-discharge protection switch, thereby driving the over-discharge protection switch to be in a closed state. After that, the serial power supply to the display unit is restored based on the closed state of the over-discharge protection switch.

[0103] In practical implementation, when information display output from power management is required, a display unit can be set within the power management circuit. The display unit can adopt commonly used forms, such as LED displays or LCD displays. The type of display unit can be selected according to needs, based on meeting actual application requirements. The power supply terminal of the display unit should be connected to a series power adapter to provide the voltage required for the display unit to operate. Figure 1 In the diagram, the positive terminal of the display unit can be connected to the B4+ terminal, and the negative terminal of the display unit is connected to the B- terminal through the discharge protection switch. As can be seen from the above description, under normal circumstances, when the voltage output interface supplies power to the outside, the display unit can perform normal information display. The information content displayed by the display unit can be selected as needed, which will not be elaborated here.

[0104] As explained above, when one battery in the series power supply is over-discharged, all voltage output interfaces will stop supplying power. At this time, the power supply circuit for the display unit is also disconnected, meaning the display unit cannot display normally. In practical implementation, the display unit should be connected to the output control processor. Figure 1 The display and control circuit in the text specifically refers to at least an output control processor and a display unit. The output control processor can be used to regulate the display output of the display unit. For example, the content displayed by the display unit can be controlled by the output control processor. In this case, the display unit should be connected to the output control processor. The specific communication connection method can be consistent with the existing technology, and will not be elaborated here.

[0105] In order to meet the display output requirements of the display unit in emergency situations, in one embodiment of this utility model, the power management unit should also include an emergency operation unit. Specifically, the emergency operation unit can make the drive over-discharge protection switch tube closed and conducting. At this time, the display unit can be powered by the serial power supply for a short time so that the display unit can perform normal display output.

[0106] Figure 1 An embodiment of the emergency operation unit is shown in the figure. Figure 1 The emergency operation unit may include a button KEY. One end of the button KEY is connected to the control terminal of the over-discharge protection switch, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of the series power supply. Under normal circumstances, the button KEY is in the open state, meaning it does not affect the operation of the over-discharge protection switch. As explained above, when the battery is over-discharged, the over-discharge protection switch will be in the open state. When the button KEY is pressed, the positive terminal of the series power supply connects to the control terminal of the over-discharge protection switch through the button KEY, driving the over-discharge protection switch back to the closed conducting state. According to the above explanation, when the over-discharge protection switch is in the closed conducting state, the series power supply can power the display unit and the output control processor, enabling the display unit to perform normal display. Of course, the emergency operation unit can also take other forms, which can be selected according to needs to meet the power supply requirements of the display unit in emergency situations.

[0107] In one embodiment of this utility model, the voltage output unit further includes an interface voltage detection unit, wherein...

[0108] The interface voltage detection unit is connected to the output control processor to detect the voltage supplied by each voltage output interface.

[0109] When the over-discharge protection switch is in the closed state, the power supply of the serial power group to the output control processor is restored based on the closed state of the over-discharge protection switch.

[0110] Specifically, the interface voltage detection unit can detect the voltage state supplied by each voltage output interface. Therefore, the interface voltage detection unit may include several interface voltage detection circuits. The number of interface voltage detection circuits should generally be consistent with the number of voltage output interfaces in the voltage output unit; that is, one interface voltage detection circuit can be used to detect the output voltage of one voltage output interface. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, when the voltage output unit includes a 24V output interface and a 12V output interface, the interface voltage detection unit should include two interface voltage detection circuits. For example, one interface voltage detection circuit can detect whether the voltage supplied by the 12V output interface exceeds 15V, and another interface voltage detection circuit can detect whether the voltage supplied by the 24V output interface is lower than 16V.

[0111] When checking whether the voltage supplied by the 12V output interface exceeds 15V. Figure 3 The diagram illustrates one embodiment of an interface voltage detection circuit for a 12V output interface. In this embodiment, the interface voltage detection circuit may include a diode D1. The anode of diode D1 should be connected to the B4+ terminal in the series power supply. The cathode of diode D1 is connected to the cathode of Zener diode D3, one end of resistor R32, and the emitter of PNP transistor Q8. The other end of resistor R32 is connected to one end of resistor R35 and the base of PNP transistor Q8. The other end of resistor R35 is connected to the collector of NPN transistor Q10.

[0112] The base of NPN transistor Q10 is connected to one end of resistor R44 and one end of resistor R40. The other end of resistor R40 is connected to the anode of Zener diode D3. The other end of resistor R44 and the emitter of NPN transistor Q10 are both connected to the P- terminal.

[0113] The collector of PNP transistor Q8 is connected to the anode of the LED inside voltage sensing optocoupler ISO1 via resistor R38. The cathode of the LED inside voltage sensing optocoupler ISO1 is connected to the P- terminal. The collector of the phototransistor inside voltage sensing optocoupler ISO1 is connected to one end of resistor R39. The other end of resistor R39 is connected to one end of resistor R34 and one end of capacitor C9, and is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the output control processor. The other end of resistor R34 is connected to 5V. The other end of capacitor C6 and the emitter of the phototransistor inside voltage sensing optocoupler ISO1 are all grounded.

[0114] Figure 3The P- terminal is the negative terminal of the 12V output interface. During operation, the output control processor determines whether the voltage supplied by the 12V output interface exceeds 15V based on the input signal. The method for detecting and determining whether it exceeds 15V is consistent with existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0115] In practice, when detecting whether the voltage supplied by the 24V output interface is lower than 16V... Figure 4 The diagram illustrates one embodiment of an interface voltage detection circuit for a 12V output interface. In this embodiment, the interface voltage detection circuit may include a diode D2. The anode of the diode D2 should be connected to the B8+ terminal in the series power supply. The cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode D4, one end of the resistor R33, and the emitter of the PNP transistor Q9. The other end of the resistor R33 is connected to one end of the resistor R37 and the base of the PNP transistor Q9. The other end of the resistor R37 is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor Q11.

[0116] The base of NPN transistor Q11 is connected to one end of resistor R45 and one end of resistor R43. The other end of resistor R43 is connected to the anode of Zener diode D4. The other end of resistor R45 and the emitter of NPN transistor Q11 are both connected to the P- terminal.

[0117] The collector of PNP transistor Q9 is connected to the anode of the LED inside voltage sensing optocoupler ISO2 via resistor R41. The cathode of the LED inside voltage sensing optocoupler ISO2 is connected to the P- terminal. The collector of the phototransistor inside voltage sensing optocoupler ISO2 is connected to one end of resistor R42. The other end of resistor R42 is connected to one end of resistor R36 and one end of capacitor C10, and is connected to the corresponding input terminal of the output control processor. The other end of resistor R36 is connected to 5V. The other end of capacitor C10 and the emitter of the phototransistor inside voltage sensing optocoupler ISO2 are all grounded.

[0118] Figure 3 The P- terminal is the negative terminal of the 24V output interface. During operation, the output control processor determines whether the voltage supplied by the 24V output interface is lower than 16V based on the input signal. The method for detecting whether it is lower than 16V is consistent with existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0119] It is understandable that the interface voltage detection circuit within the interface voltage detection unit can also adopt other circuit forms, which can be selected according to the needs. Examples will not be given here, as long as the requirements for interface voltage detection are met.

Claims

1. A grouped power management circuit, characterized in that, A power management circuit for managing a string group power supply formed by a plurality of battery groups in series connection, the power management circuit comprising: a charging unit group comprising a plurality of charging units, wherein the number of charging units in the charging unit group is consistent with the number of battery groups in the string group power supply, and each charging unit is connected to a corresponding battery group to charge the connected battery group by the charging unit; a voltage detection processing unit group comprising a plurality of voltage detection processing units, wherein the number of voltage detection processing units in the voltage detection processing unit group is consistent with the number of battery groups in the string group power supply, each voltage detection processing unit is connected to a corresponding battery group, and each voltage detection processing unit is further connected to the charging unit that charges the connected battery group to regulate the charging state of the connected battery group by the voltage detection processing unit; a voltage output unit comprising a plurality of voltage output interfaces, wherein each voltage output interface is connected to a corresponding battery group in the string group power supply to provide a target supply voltage externally by the voltage output interface; the negative terminal of each voltage output interface is connected to a discharge protection circuit, and at least connected to the power supply negative terminal of the string group power supply through the discharge protection circuit, and all voltage detection processing units are connected to the discharge protection circuit; when the voltage detection processing unit group determines that there is a battery in over-discharge state in the string group power supply, the discharge protection circuit is used to cut off the connection between the negative terminal of all voltage output interfaces and the power supply negative terminal of the string group power supply.

2. The grouped power management circuit of claim 1, wherein, Each charging unit comprises at least one charger and a charging switch tube, wherein: the positive terminal of the charger is connected to the positive terminal of the corresponding battery group, and the negative terminal of the charger is connected to the negative terminal of the corresponding battery group through the charging switch tube; the control terminal of the charging switch tube is connected to the corresponding voltage detection processing unit, and the switching state of the charging switch tube is regulated by the voltage detection processing unit to regulate the charging state of the battery group by the charger based on the switching state of the charging switch tube.

3. The grouped power management circuit of claim 2, wherein, The voltage detection processing unit comprises a plurality of voltage detection circuits, a battery protection chip connected to the voltage detection circuit, an overcharge protection regulation circuit connected to the battery protection chip, and an over-discharge protection regulation circuit, wherein: the number of voltage detection circuits in the voltage detection processing unit is consistent with the number of batteries in the corresponding battery group, so as to detect the voltage of the corresponding connected battery by one voltage detection circuit; the overcharge protection regulation circuit is connected to the control terminal of the corresponding charging switch tube; the over-discharge protection regulation circuit is connected to the discharge protection circuit.

4. The grouped power management circuit of claim 3, wherein, The battery protection chip adopts a chip with model number CW1353AFCP, wherein: when the battery protection chip adopts a chip with model number CW1353AFCP, the voltage detection circuit comprises a voltage detection PMOS tube, and the source terminal of the voltage detection PMOS tube is connected to the positive terminal of the corresponding battery of the current voltage detection circuit and one end of a source resistance; The drain end of the voltage detection PMOS tube is connected with the negative end of the corresponding battery through a drain resistor, the gate end of the voltage detection PMOS tube is connected with one end of a gate resistor, the other end of the gate resistor and the other end of a source end resistor are connected with a voltage detection capacitor and one voltage detection end pin of the battery protection chip.

5. The grouped power management circuit of claim 4, wherein, The overcharge protection regulation circuit is connected with the CO end of the battery protection chip, wherein the overcharge protection regulation circuit comprises an overcharge protection triode. The base end of the overcharge protection triode is connected with one end of a base first resistor and one end of a base second resistor, the other end of the base first resistor is connected with the CO end of the battery protection chip, the other end of the base second resistor is connected with the emitter end of the overcharge protection triode, and the emitter end of the overcharge protection triode is also connected with the battery pack positive end of the current battery pack. The collector end of the overcharge protection triode is connected with one end of a collector first resistor, the other end of the collector first resistor and one end of a collector second resistor are connected with the control end of the charging switch tube, the switch tube first connection end of the charging switch tube is connected with the battery pack negative end of the current battery pack, and the switch tube second connection end of the charging switch tube and the other end of the collector second resistor are connected with the negative end of the charger.

6. The grouped power management circuit of claim 4, wherein, The overdischarge protection regulation circuit is connected with the DO end of the battery protection chip, wherein the overdischarge protection regulation circuit comprises an overdischarge protection optocoupler. The anode end of the light emitting diode in the overdischarge protection optocoupler is connected with one end of an overdischarge protection first resistor and one end of an overdischarge protection second resistor, the other end of the overdischarge protection first resistor is connected with the DO end of the battery protection chip, the other end of the overdischarge protection second resistor and the cathode end of the light emitting diode in the overdischarge protection optocoupler are connected with the battery pack negative end of the current battery pack. The collector of the phototriode in the overdischarge protection optocoupler is connected with the voltage VMOS+, the emitter of the phototriode in the overdischarge protection optocoupler is connected with one end of an overdischarge protection third resistor, and the emitter of the phototriode in the overdischarge protection optocoupler is also connected with the overdischarge protection circuit, and the other end of the overdischarge protection third resistor is connected with the negative end of the power supply.

7. The grouped power management circuit of any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein, The discharge protection circuit at least comprises a logic gate circuit and an overdischarge protection switch tube connected with the logic gate circuit, the control end of the overdischarge protection switch tube is connected with the output end of the logic gate circuit, and the input end of the logic gate circuit is connected with the output end of the overdischarge protection regulation circuit in all voltage detection processing units; the switch tube first end of the overdischarge protection switch tube is connected with the negative end of the power supply, the switch tube second end of the overdischarge protection switch tube is connected with the output control processor, and the output control processor regulates the connection state between the negative end of all voltage output ports and the negative end of the string group power supply through the interface state regulation unit.

8. The grouped power management circuit of claim 7, wherein, The overdischarge protection switch tube is a power switch tube, and when the overdischarge protection switch tube is an NMOS tube, the logic gate circuit is an AND gate circuit.

9. The grouped power management circuit of claim 8, wherein, The power management circuit further comprises a display unit and an emergency operation unit for emergency power supply of the display unit, wherein the power supply end of the display unit is connected with the string group power supply to supply power to the display unit by the string group power supply. The control end of the over-discharge protection switch tube is connected with the positive electrode end of the string group power supply through the emergency operation unit, and the positive electrode end of the string group power supply is communicated with the control end of the over-discharge protection switch tube through the emergency operation unit, so that the over-discharge protection switch tube is driven to be in a closed state. Thereafter, the over-discharge protection switch tube in the closed state restores the power supply of the string group power supply to the display unit.

10. The grouped power management circuit of claim 9, wherein, The voltage output unit is further connected with the interface voltage detection unit, wherein, The interface voltage detection unit is connected with the output control processor, so as to detect the state of each voltage output interface providing voltage outwardly through the interface voltage detection unit; When the over-discharge protection switch tube is in the closed state, the over-discharge protection switch tube in the closed state restores the power supply of the string group power supply to the output control processor.

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