Ultrasonic vibration auxiliary laser welding equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of laser beam machining equipment, in particular to ultrasonic vibration auxiliary laser welding equipment. The equipment comprises a workbench and a laser welding assembly, a welding position used for fixing a tool is arranged on the workbench, an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device corresponding to the welding position is fixedly connected to the workbench, and the auxiliary device comprises an ultrasonic vibration mechanism. The ultrasonic vibration mechanism comprises a transducer and an amplitude-change pole arranged at the output end of the transducer, the welding equipment further comprises a supporting base, a pushing assembly used for driving the ultrasonic vibration mechanism to do reciprocating motion is arranged on the supporting base, and a vibration die head used for making contact with a tool is arranged at the end, away from the transducer, of the amplitude-change pole. And the jacking force of the vibration die head to the contact of the tool can be controlled through the reciprocating motion of the jacking assembly. According to the utility model, the amplitude of the workpiece to be welded can be adjusted by adjusting the reciprocating motion of the air cylinder so as to meet the requirements on different amplitudes during welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of equipment for processing with laser beams, and specifically to an ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding is a highly efficient and precise welding method that utilizes high-energy-density laser light as a heat source. Laser welding offers numerous advantages, including high power density, concentrated heat source density, no need for a vacuum environment, high flexibility, high weld quality, ease of automation, minimal thermal deformation of the welded workpiece, small heat-affected zone, and the ability to weld various dissimilar materials. It is particularly advantageous for welding dissimilar metals, offering good controllability and high weld quality, such as welding carbon steel to aluminum alloys or stainless steel to aluminum alloys. Based on its principle, laser welding can be divided into heat conduction welding and laser deep penetration welding. Heat conduction laser welding involves laser radiation heating the surface to be processed; the surface heat diffuses inward through heat conduction. By controlling laser parameters such as the laser pulse width, energy, peak power, and repetition frequency, the workpiece melts, forming a specific molten pool.

[0003] In actual laser welding processes, various factors can lead to problems such as weld bubbles and low tensile strength. For example, oil, impurities, and oxide films on the surface of the welded material may carry moisture, which decomposes at high temperatures to form hydrogen pores. Improper settings of parameters such as laser beam focusing accuracy, energy density, and scanning speed can also affect the welding effect and cause bubbles. Inappropriate use of shielding gas, such as insufficient flow rate or poor shielding effect, can also lead to air being entrained into the molten pool and forming bubbles. When defects such as bubbles, cracks, and lack of fusion exist in the weld, the weld strength is weakened, resulting in low tensile strength. In existing technologies, ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding is often used to reduce or suppress bubble formation. During the welding process, ultrasonic vibration can agitate the molten pool, accelerating gas escape and thus suppressing porosity. Simultaneously, ultrasonic vibration can refine the weld grains, making the weld structure more uniform and improving the overall mechanical properties of the weld.

[0004] Chinese invention patent application CN115365103A, published on 2022 / 11 / 22, discloses an ultrasonic vibration-assisted welding device. The welding device includes a vibration table for supporting the workpiece to be welded and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism. The ultrasonic vibration mechanism includes a transducer and an amplitude transformer located at the output end of the transducer. The ultrasonic vibration mechanism drives the vibration table to vibrate through the amplitude transformer.

[0005] This welding device uses an ultrasonic mechanism to drive a vibrating table, which in turn vibrates the workpiece to be welded, thus suppressing the formation of bubbles in the weld seam. However, the device cannot adjust the amplitude of the ultrasonic waves during use, resulting in uncontrollable vibration force applied to the workpiece. For universities, research institutes, and other enterprises conducting research on the splicing and welding of new metal materials, it is necessary to continuously adjust the amplitude of the vibration applied to the workpiece to complete the collection and comparative analysis of experimental data. Existing devices cannot meet the need for adjusting the amplitude of the vibration applied to the workpiece. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding device to solve the problem that the amplitude of the tooling cannot be adjusted by the ultrasonic vibration mechanism in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding equipment of this utility model adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] An ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding device includes a worktable and a laser welding assembly. The worktable has a welding position for fixing a fixture, and an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device corresponding to the welding position is fixedly connected to the worktable. The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device includes an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, which includes a transducer and an amplitude transformer at the output end of the transducer. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding device also includes a support base, on which a push assembly is provided for driving the ultrasonic vibration mechanism to reciprocate. A vibration head is provided at the end of the amplitude transformer away from the transducer for contacting the fixture, and the magnitude of the clamping force of the vibration head on the fixture can be controlled by the reciprocating movement of the push assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the pushing assembly includes a pushing cylinder, which contains a piston rod that reciprocates, and one end of the piston rod protruding from the pushing cylinder is connected to the ultrasonic vibration mechanism to drive the ultrasonic vibration mechanism to reciprocate.

[0010] Furthermore, the push cylinder is a pneumatic cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the support base includes a base plate for fixing the cylinder and a movable plate for connecting the ultrasonic vibration mechanism, and the piston rod in the cylinder is connected to the movable plate, so that the movable plate drives the ultrasonic vibration mechanism to reciprocate through the reciprocating movement of the piston rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the support base also includes at least two guide pillars that cooperate with the base plate, and the base plate is provided with mounting holes adapted to the cylinder so that the cylinder passes through the mounting holes and is arranged in a downward position.

[0013] Furthermore, a flange-type linear bearing is provided on the base plate and fitted onto each of the guide pillars to realize the relative movement of each guide pillar when the cylinder pushes the movable plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the piston rod has a shoulder at the end exposed from the cylinder to increase the contact area with the movable plate, and the shoulder is detachably connected to the movable plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the movable plate can be detachably connected to each of the guide pillars, and the base plate can be detachably connected to each of the flange-type linear bearings.

[0016] Furthermore, the movable plate is a truncated triangular movable plate, and the guide pillars are respectively provided at three fixed points of the truncated triangular movable plate.

[0017] Furthermore, one edge of the truncated triangular movable plate is parallel to the edge corresponding to the position of the base plate, and the cylinder is located at the edge of the truncated triangular movable plate.

[0018] Beneficial Effects: This invention relates to an improved ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding device. The device includes a worktable and a laser welding assembly. The laser welding assembly welds the workpiece fixed at a welding position on the worktable. An ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device causes the tooling to vibrate. This device includes an ultrasonic vibration mechanism and a support base. The support base supports the entire device to improve its stability. A push assembly is mounted on the support base, driving the ultrasonic vibration mechanism to reciprocate. A vibration head is mounted on the amplitude transformer in the ultrasonic vibration mechanism. This vibration head contacts the tooling corresponding to its position on the worktable and transmits vibration to the tooling. By adjusting the reciprocating movement of the push assembly, the clamping force of the vibration head on the tooling can be adjusted, thus adjusting the amplitude of the vibration on the workpiece to meet the different amplitude requirements during welding. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding equipment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The main view;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Side view.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Workbench; 2. Laser welding assembly; 3. Tooling; 4. Ultrasonic vibration mechanism; 5. Vibrating head; 6. Cylinder; 7. Base plate; 8. Frustum triangular movable plate; 9. Guide support; 10. Mounting hole; 11. Flange type linear bearing; 12. Shoulder. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The features and performance of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0025] The ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding equipment of this invention utilizes a cylinder to enable the ultrasonic vibration mechanism to reciprocate. When the ultrasonic vibration mechanism contacts the fixture that fixes the workpiece to be welded, the clamping force on the fixture can be adjusted by adjusting the cylinder, thereby changing the amplitude of the vibration on the workpiece to be welded.

[0026] Based on the above inventive concept, as a basic solution, such as Figure 1-4As shown, the ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding equipment of this utility model includes a worktable 1 and a laser welding assembly 2. The worktable 1 has a welding position for fixing a fixture 3, and an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device corresponding to the welding position is fixedly connected to the worktable 1. The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device includes an ultrasonic vibration mechanism 4. First, the workpiece to be welded is fixed to the welding position by the fixture 3, and then welding is performed by the laser welding assembly 2. During the welding process, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 4 applies vibration to the fixture 3 to drive the workpiece to vibrate, thereby suppressing the generation of air bubbles. The ultrasonic vibration mechanism 4 includes a transducer and an amplitude transformer located at the output end of the transducer. Both the transducer and the amplitude transformer are common devices required for generating ultrasonic vibrations. The transducer, as the core component, converts the input electrical energy into mechanical vibration energy, which is then transmitted to the amplitude transformer. The amplitude transformer amplifies the mechanical vibration generated by the transducer and concentrates the ultrasonic energy onto a smaller area, thus achieving a focused energy effect. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding equipment also includes a support base, which serves as the overall support component of the welding device. This ensures the stability and reliability of the device during operation. The support base is equipped with a push assembly for driving the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 4 to reciprocate. This push assembly facilitates the movement of the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 4 and offers advantages such as ease of control and automation. A vibration head 5 is located at the end of the amplitude transformer away from the transducer, for contacting the tooling 3. The reciprocating movement of the push assembly controls the clamping force of the vibration head 5 on the tooling 3. The ultrasonic vibration mechanism 4 transmits vibration to the amplitude transformer via the amplitude transformer. When in use, the vibrating head 5 contacts the fixture 3 that is fixing the workpiece to be welded, causing it to vibrate, thereby reducing or suppressing the generation of air bubbles in the weld. When the vibrating head 5 contacts the fixture 3, it applies a clamping force to the fixture 3. The distance between the vibrating head 5 and the fixture 3 can be adjusted by the reciprocating movement of the push assembly, or the magnitude of the clamping force applied to the fixture 3 can be changed so that the amplitude of the vibration on the fixture 3 can be adjusted. Thus, it can meet the research needs of frequently adjusting the amplitude of the workpiece to be welded while satisfying the vibration of the workpiece to be welded.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the pushing assembly includes a pushing cylinder, which contains a reciprocating piston rod. One end of the piston rod protruding from the pushing cylinder is connected to the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 4 to drive the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 4 to reciprocate. The pushing cylinder is a mechanical component that can convert other forms of energy into mechanical energy under a certain driving force. The pushing cylinder is a cylinder 6, which can convert the pressure energy of compressed gas in pneumatic transmission into mechanical energy. Its working principle is based on the reciprocating movement of the internal piston rod, a process typically controlled by changes in air pressure. Using a cylinder 6 as the pushing assembly offers advantages such as self-lubrication, no need for lubricant, and relatively low noise. The cylinder 6 can precisely control the air pressure to achieve ultrasonic vibration. Mechanism 4's precise reciprocating movement allows for accurate control, facilitating adjustments over smaller distances and ensuring smooth operation. This helps prevent collisions with other components due to excessive movement during adjustment. Furthermore, cylinder 6 can withstand significant loads and has a relatively simple structure, making it easy to install and maintain. This effectively reduces equipment operating costs and maintenance complexity. In other embodiments, a hydraulic cylinder can be used as the jacking component. A hydraulic jacking component mainly consists of a hydraulic pump, oil tank, hydraulic cylinder, and control valve. The hydraulic pump pumps hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder, driving the piston in a reciprocating motion. Although its structure is more complex than cylinder 6, it offers advantages such as high load-bearing capacity and smooth movement.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the support base includes a base plate 7 for fixing the cylinder 6 and a movable plate for connecting the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 4. The piston rod in the cylinder 6 is connected to the movable plate. The reciprocating movement of the piston rod drives the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 4 to reciprocate. Fixing the cylinder 6 to the base plate 7 provides a support point for the cylinder 6, preventing shaking or other problems that affect normal operation. During normal operation, the cylinder 6 mainly relies on the reciprocating movement of the piston rod, which is connected to the movable plate. Therefore, the reciprocating movement of the piston rod can drive the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 4 connected to it through the movable plate. Together they reciprocate, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the amplitude of the tooling 3. The movable plate, as an intermediate part between the ultrasonic vibration mechanism 4 and the piston rod, plays the role of transmitting motion. Moreover, as a plate, the movable plate has a relatively large surface area, which has the advantage of stability and reliability when connecting the ultrasonic vibration component. In other embodiments, the movable plate is not set, and the cylinder 6 is directly connected to the ultrasonic vibration component. Since the surface area of ​​the piston rod end is limited, the connection with the ultrasonic vibration component is less stable than in this preferred embodiment. However, under normal circumstances, that is, when there is no external impact or other factors, directly connecting the piston rod to the ultrasonic vibration component can also achieve the purpose of driving it to reciprocate.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the support base further includes at least two guide pillars 9 that guide and cooperate with the base plate 7. The base plate 7 is provided with mounting holes 10 adapted to the cylinder 6, allowing the cylinder 6 to pass through the mounting holes 10 and be lowered. When the piston rod of the cylinder reciprocates, it drives the movable plate to reciprocate. At this time, the guide pillars 9, driven by the movable plate, guide and cooperate with the base plate 7, playing a role in assisting movement and balancing the movable plate, and forming a frame structure with the base plate 7. During assembly, the cylinder 6 passes through the mounting holes 10 on the base plate 7 from top to bottom and is lowered into the frame structure. The cylinder 6 and the mounting holes 10 can be connected and fixed by fasteners such as bolts. Lowering the cylinder 6 can effectively save the space required for the welding equipment, thereby improving space utilization and achieving a compact layout of the equipment. In addition, lowering the cylinder 6 can also reduce the shaking of the cylinder 6 during operation or when it is hit by a collision, thereby improving the overall performance of the device, such as reliability and stability.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, a flange-type linear bearing 11 is provided on the base plate 7, fitted onto each of the guide pillars 9, to achieve relative movement of each guide pillar 9 when the cylinder 6 pushes the movable plate. A linear bearing is a linear motion guiding mechanism used in conjunction with a linear guide shaft. Its internal steel balls circulate and roll along the track groove formed by the outer shell and the cage to achieve relative movement between the linear bearing and the guide shaft. Linear bearings have advantages such as low friction and relative stability, and can achieve smooth linear motion with high sensitivity and high precision. The flange-type linear bearing 11 is an integrated design of the flange and the linear bearing, making it more compact in structure and thus occupying less space, suitable for applications with limited space. In this device… The flange of the flange-type linear bearing 11 is connected to the base plate 7 in the device as a connecting part, which plays the role of fixing and supporting the linear bearing. This design makes it easier to install the flange-type linear bearing 11 on the base plate 7. Only the connection between the flange and the base plate 7 needs to be made. No additional connecting parts or fixing devices are required. The guide pillar 9 serves as the guide shaft of the flange-type linear bearing 11 and can move linearly back and forth relative to the flange-type linear bearing 11. Therefore, when the cylinder 6 drives the movable plate to move back and forth, the movable plate can drive each guide pillar 9 to move back and forth. In other embodiments, the flange shape of the flange-type linear bearing 11 can be adjusted according to different adaptation environments or needs, such as a square flange or a round flange, which will not affect the use of the linear bearing.

[0031] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 3-4As shown, the piston rod has a shoulder 12 at the end protruding from the cylinder 6 to increase the contact area with the movable plate. The shoulder 12 is detachably connected to the movable plate. This shoulder 12 design increases the connection area between the piston rod and the movable plate, which helps to improve the stability and reliability of the connection. This avoids problems such as loosening of the connection between the piston rod and the movable plate when it is subjected to impact or other influences during reciprocating movement. The detachable connection between the shoulder 12 and the movable plate facilitates the installation and disassembly of both, or allows for quick replacement or repair if one of them malfunctions. In other embodiments, the shoulder 12 is not provided, and the upper end of the piston rod is directly connected to the movable plate. This requires frequent periodic inspections to prevent problems such as loosening of the connection between the two. Under normal conditions, the absence of the shoulder 12 will not affect the normal operation of the device.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the movable plate and each of the guide pillars 9, and the base plate 7 and each of the flange-type linear bearings 11 are detachably connected. This detachable connection facilitates the installation and disassembly of the device and reduces maintenance costs. Specifically, without needing to scrap the entire device, only the cylinder 6 or the flange-type linear bearing 11 needs periodic inspection or replacement, significantly reducing maintenance costs and extending the device's service life. A bolted connection can be used for the detachable connection, where bolts engage with threads to achieve the connection, offering advantages such as reliable connection and convenient assembly / disassembly. In other embodiments, a joint interface can be used, with a protrusion on one side and a matching groove on the other, achieving a detachable connection. This also offers advantages such as simple structure and convenient assembly / disassembly.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the movable plate is a truncated triangular movable plate 8, and the guide pillars 9 are respectively provided at the three fixed points of the truncated triangular movable plate 8. Since triangles have stability, setting the movable plate as a triangular movable plate can provide a stable support platform for the cylinder 6. While ensuring the stability of the device, optimizing the movable plate into a triangular movable plate also has the advantage of saving space, thereby reducing unnecessary material waste and helping to reduce costs. Setting each guide pillar 9 at the fixed points of the triangular movable plate also makes full use of the surface area of ​​the triangular movable plate. In other embodiments, it can be designed as a circular movable plate, which also has the effect of saving space. It can be selected according to specific needs.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, one edge of the truncated triangular movable plate 8 is parallel to the edge of the corresponding position of the base plate 7, and the cylinder 6 is located at the edge of the truncated triangular movable plate 8. Placing the cylinder 6 at this edge of the truncated triangular movable plate 8 saves space in both the truncated triangular movable plate 8 and the corresponding base plate 7, so that the control cables or other components of the ultrasonic vibration assembly can be installed on the movable plate and the base plate 7 without interfering with the cylinder 6. This layout design makes the structure of the entire device more compact, thereby saving space and improving the integration of the device. In addition, making one edge of the truncated triangular movable plate 8 parallel to the edge of the base plate 7 helps with precise positioning, which is beneficial for the positioning of the mounting holes 10 on the base plate 7 and the truncated triangular movable plate 8 during processing.

[0035] The installation and use process of the ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding equipment of this utility model is as follows: Figure 1-4 As shown, the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device can be fixedly connected to the lower surface of the workbench 1 corresponding to the welding position for fixing the fixture 3 by a fixing rod, and a positioning hole is opened at the welding position so that the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device can directly contact the fixture 3. When installing the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary device, the cylinder 6 is first connected to the truncated triangular movable plate 8 through the shoulder 12 provided on the piston rod. At the same time, each guide column 9 is connected to the truncated triangular movable plate 8. Then, the flange of the flange-type linear bearing 11 is fixed to the base plate 7. Then, the guide column 9 installed on the truncated triangular movable plate 8 is inserted into the flange-type linear bearing 11 to complete the assembly. Finally, the ultrasonic vibration assembly is connected to the truncated triangular movable plate 8. The reciprocating movement of the piston rod in cylinder 6 drives the truncated triangular movable plate 8 and the ultrasonic vibration assembly to reciprocate as well. During the reciprocating movement, the relative movement between each guide pillar 9 and the flange-type linear bearing 11 plays a role in auxiliary guidance and balancing the movable plate. Finally, the vibration head 5 in the ultrasonic vibration assembly can contact the fixture 3 through the positioning hole on the worktable 1. Therefore, when the piston rod reciprocates, the amplitude transmitted to the fixture 3 installed at the welding position and the workpiece to be welded fixed on the fixture 3 can also be adjusted accordingly to meet the requirements of different amplitudes during welding.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. The patent protection scope of the present utility model shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present utility model shall also be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic vibration assisted laser welding device, comprising a worktable and a laser welding assembly, the worktable is provided with a welding position for fixing a tooling, and an ultrasonic vibration assisting device corresponding to the welding position is fixedly connected on the worktable, the ultrasonic vibration assisting device comprises an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism comprises a transducer and a horn provided at an output end of the transducer, characterized in that, The ultrasonic vibration assisted laser welding device further comprises a supporting base, a pushing assembly arranged on the supporting base for driving the ultrasonic vibration mechanism to reciprocate, a vibration die arranged on the end of the variable amplitude rod away from the transducer for contacting the tool, and the pressing force of the vibration die contacting the tool can be controlled by the reciprocating movement of the pushing assembly.

2. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The pushing assembly comprises a pushing cylinder, a piston rod arranged in the pushing cylinder for reciprocating, and the end of the piston rod exposed from the pushing cylinder is connected with the ultrasonic vibration mechanism for driving the ultrasonic vibration mechanism to reciprocate.

3. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by, The pushing cylinder is a gas cylinder.

4. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by The supporting base comprises a bottom plate for fixing the gas cylinder and a movable plate for connecting the ultrasonic vibration mechanism, and the piston rod in the gas cylinder is connected with the movable plate, and the reciprocating movement of the movable plate driving the ultrasonic vibration mechanism is completed by the reciprocating movement of the piston rod.

5. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein The supporting base further comprises at least two guide struts in guiding cooperation with the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is provided with mounting holes matched with the gas cylinder for the gas cylinder to pass through the mounting holes and be arranged in a sunken manner.

6. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding apparatus according to claim 5, wherein A flange type linear bearing is arranged on the bottom plate and sleeved on each guide strut to realize the relative movement of each guide strut when the gas cylinder pushes the movable plate.

7. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by The end of the piston rod exposed from the gas cylinder is provided with a shoulder to increase the contact area with the movable plate, and the shoulder is detachably connected with the movable plate.

8. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding apparatus according to claim 6, wherein The movable plate and each guide strut, and the bottom plate and each flange type linear bearing are detachably connected.

9. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized by The movable plate is a truncated triangular movable plate, and the three fixed points of the truncated triangular movable plate are respectively provided with the guide struts.

10. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser welding apparatus according to claim 9, wherein One edge of the truncated triangular movable plate is parallel to the corresponding edge of the bottom plate, and the gas cylinder is located at the edge of the truncated triangular movable plate.

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