Linear photovoltaic system, photovoltaic line and photovoltaic rod

Abstract

The utility model provides a linear photovoltaic system, a photovoltaic line and a photovoltaic rod. A load-bearing cable, a photovoltaic cell layer, a transparent protective layer and other parts are made into a linear photovoltaic cell assembly, namely the photovoltaic line; tens of thousands of photovoltaic lines are hung in the air at intervals for power generation. The device does not need a stable cable or high-altitude installation operation, is large in span, has few pile foundations, hardly obstructs large agricultural machinery operation, is high in shadow movement frequency and speed, can repeatedly shield sunlight of the same crop every day, and can enable the crop to obtain intermittent illumination to increase the yield; in addition, irrigation, light supplementation, bird repelling and rat repelling can be achieved. According to the invention, a broad new field in which photovoltaic power generation is not affected by cultivation is developed, and a unique technical solution is provided for guaranteeing the dual safety of energy and grains.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of agricultural light complementation, and particularly relates to a linear photovoltaic system and photovoltaic wires and rods. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ecological photovoltaic is a new technology and development mode that combines photovoltaic power generation with ecological environment protection and agricultural, pastoral and fishery production. It is committed to utilizing solar power generation, and emphasizes protecting and improving the ecological environment in the process of power generation, forming a win-win situation of energy development, environmental protection and agricultural, pastoral and fishery production. A "farming and light complementary photovoltaic power generation device" applied by Beijing Changri New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. is disclosed in a Chinese patent (CN113345974A). It includes a plurality of battery assemblies, each of which includes a plurality of battery pieces and a light-receiving layer. The light-receiving layer is flexible, and there is a gap between adjacent battery pieces in the plurality of battery pieces, so that the overall structure of the light-receiving layer and the plurality of battery pieces can be bent by the flexibility of the light-receiving layer and the gap between the plurality of battery pieces, thereby realizing the bending of the battery assembly. The battery assembly can be installed in application scenarios where the installation surface is consistent with the shape of the battery assembly, and can also be installed in application scenarios where the installation surface is not consistent with the contact surface of the battery assembly, so that the farming and light complementary photovoltaic power generation device can be applied to more application scenarios, and the practicality of the farming and light complementary photovoltaic power generation device can be improved. However, as shown in its "Figure 1", the numerous pile foundations occupy a large amount of farmland and seriously hinder the mechanized production of agriculture. Figure 6

[0003] As a patent applicant, China Hydropower Consulting Group Guiyang Geotechnical Engineering Co., Ltd. has proposed four patent applications, including a "rock desertification treatment system for large-span flexible support photovoltaic power station (CN219812768U)", a "large-span double-curved suspension cable flexible photovoltaic support (CN219834036U)", a "large-span prestressed double-layer cable net structure photovoltaic support and its installation method (CN116780986A)", and a "large-span flexible cable net structure photovoltaic support (CN116667755A)". In addition, China Energy Construction Group Zhejiang Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd. has proposed a "saddle-shaped cable net flexible photovoltaic system (CN214045502U)". These cable structure flexible photovoltaic support system patent applications have one common technical feature: they use "two (dedicated) bearing cables" and "one stabilizing cable" to build a triangular cable structure flexible photovoltaic support for supporting and fixing photovoltaic cell panels, so as to maintain the stability of the photovoltaic cells and prevent large fluctuations in power generation (current). ​

[0004] Shenzhen Antaike Energy Environmental Protection Co., Ltd. as the patent applicant, proposed a "flexible photovoltaic support (CN215646660U)" patent, which includes a plurality of in-sequence cable assembly provided on each first support assembly, and a plurality of photovoltaic modules are provided on the cable assembly, so that the photovoltaic module can be inclined to face the sun. The cable structure flexible photovoltaic support also includes a connecting cable, which is located between adjacent first support assemblies and can connect each cable assembly into one. The end of the connecting cable is connected to the second support assembly through an elastic component. It can effectively reduce the loss of the prestress of the connecting cable, avoid its relaxation, ensure the strength of the cable assembly, and improve the stability of the cable structure flexible photovoltaic support. The background technology also points out that "the existing flexible photovoltaic support has certain problems in actual use. Since the photovoltaic module is connected in series by the cable made of steel strand, it only has a large stiffness in the axial direction, so under the action of wind load, it is easy to twist and move, and it is easy to cause damage to the photovoltaic module. In the prior art, the connecting cable is often used to connect each cable into one to improve the stability of the flexible photovoltaic support, but the connecting cable will relax after being used for a period of time, affecting the stability of the flexible photovoltaic support". As shown in "CN215646660U", the cable structure flexible photovoltaic support also uses "first connecting rod 91, second connecting rod 92 and third connecting rod 93, lower chord cable 80 and upper cable 11 and lower cable 12" and many other components to build a cable structure flexible photovoltaic support with a triangular structure, which is used to support and fix the photovoltaic cell panel, so as to ensure that the incident angle of sunlight will not change greatly due to wind, so as to maintain the photovoltaic cell stable and prevent the power (current) fluctuation. Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown in "CN215646660U", the cable structure flexible photovoltaic support also uses "first connecting rod 91, second connecting rod 92 and third connecting rod 93, lower chord cable 80 and upper cable 11 and lower cable 12" and many other components to build a cable structure flexible photovoltaic support with a triangular structure, which is used to support and fix the photovoltaic cell panel, so as to ensure that the incident angle of sunlight will not change greatly due to wind, so as to maintain the photovoltaic cell stable and prevent the power (current) fluctuation.

[0005] In order to meet the farmland protection strategy that "photovoltaic array land shall not occupy cultivated land, and shall reasonably control, save and intensify land use to avoid affecting ecology and agricultural production", the existing technology often adopts the mode of agricultural and photovoltaic complementation, which provides that the flexible photovoltaic support and other photovoltaic arrays are arranged in cultivated land and permanent basic farmland, and the agricultural and photovoltaic complementation mode must be used. In principle, the minimum photovoltaic module should be higher than the ground by 2.5 meters, the column base spacing should be greater than 4 meters, and the row spacing should be greater than 10 meters. In addition to column base land, hardening the ground and damaging the plough layer are strictly prohibited. The photovoltaic array arranged on the water surface should be higher than the highest water level by 0.6 meters. The photovoltaic array land arranged on the forest land should adopt the mode of forest and photovoltaic complementation. The shrubbery land in the area with annual precipitation of 400 mm or less can be used, and the shrubbery land in other areas with coverage of less than 50% can also be used. The original vegetation cannot be damaged, and the photovoltaic panel cannot be erected after the transformation of the arbor forest land, bamboo forest land and other areas into shrubbery land. The north-south direction of each column of photovoltaic panels should be reasonably arranged with a clear spacing, and effective water and soil conservation measures should be taken to ensure that the growth state of shrubbery coverage is not lower than that before the forest and photovoltaic complementation.

[0006] The applicant has tracked and investigated the implementation of hundreds of patent technologies such as the above-mentioned cable structure flexible photovoltaic support and "agri-photovoltaic" and the implementation of the T / CPIA0047-2022 group standard "Photovoltaic Flexible Support Design and Installation Technology Guide" released by the China Photovoltaic Industry Association on December 30, 2022. It is found that the existing cable structure flexible photovoltaic support system technology has the following serious technical defects: first, the span is small (the maximum span available on the market is 60 meters), and a large number of dense pile foundations occupy a large amount of farmland and seriously hinder agricultural mechanization operations; second, the shadow is wide (the photovoltaic panel commonly used on the market is 2.281m x 1.134m wide), which seriously hinders the normal photosynthesis of crops, resulting in the inability of crops to grow normally and the inability of farmland to be cultivated normally; third, the cable structure flexible photovoltaic support photovoltaic scheme has high stability cost, is difficult to erect at high altitude, is easily twisted by strong winds, is easily destroyed by typhoons, is easily wind-shaken by light winds, is easily broken by snow and rain, is difficult to clean the panel surface, is easily damaged, has a short service life, and has large power generation (current) fluctuations. In order to maintain the stability of the photovoltaic panel and the stability of the current, a large amount of "stability maintenance fees" such as anti-twist and anti-typhoon are paid; fourth, the photovoltaic panel is very wide, very dense, and very low, and the crops below it stay in the same (large area) shadow for a long time (at least half a day), and cannot receive sunlight for normal photosynthesis for a long time (such as the whole day). Crops need sunlight all day, especially light-loving crops. In other words, the current "agri-photovoltaic" technology easily destroys the ecosystem and leads to crop yield reduction, and "agriculture" and "light" are difficult to complement each other for win-win.

[0007] As is known to those skilled in the photovoltaic industry, the installation of photovoltaic panels must be carried out on a solid support structure, such as a roof, a support or a ground support. These support structures must be able to withstand the weight of the photovoltaic panels and the influence of external environmental factors, and ensure that the photovoltaic panels are firmly installed on them to withstand the influence of wind vibration and other adverse weather conditions. In addition, the installation angle and orientation of the photovoltaic panels should also be optimally designed to maximize the absorption of solar energy and maximize the output of electrical energy. There are also solar tracking systems that adjust the optimal orientation and angle to keep the photovoltaic panels always perpendicular to the sunlight. In summary, the installation of photovoltaic panels must meet the stability standards: one is to maintain stability, and the other is to prevent wind vibration and other influences to avoid fluctuations in power generation (current) and thus affect the efficiency of power generation.

[0008] The applicant asked ChatGPT a question: "Can a randomly moving photovoltaic panel also generate electricity normally?" The answer is: There is currently no technology that can generate electricity normally in a randomly moving state. The efficiency of photovoltaic panels is affected by many factors, including light intensity, solar angle, surface contamination, temperature, etc. In the case of randomly moving photovoltaic panels, these factors cannot be effectively controlled, so the efficiency of electricity generation will be greatly affected. The current installation of photovoltaic panels usually needs to ensure that they are firmly fixed on the support structure to maximize the capture of solar energy and maximize electricity output. If the photovoltaic panels are in a randomly moving state, their angle and orientation may change randomly, resulting in a significant reduction in the effective capture rate of solar energy, thereby affecting electricity output. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal generation of photovoltaic panels, it is necessary to install them on a stable support structure and optimize their angle and orientation to maximize the use of solar energy resources. SUMMARY

[0009] One of the purposes of this application: To provide a linear photovoltaic (power generation) system in order to overcome the technical defects of the current flexible photovoltaic support structure, such as high-altitude erection difficulty, high installation cost, difficult cleaning and maintenance, short service life, easy twisting / wind vibration, high "stability maintenance cost", large fluctuation in power generation, small span, wide shadow, many pile foundations, hindering large-scale agricultural machinery operation, affecting crop growth, farmland cannot be normally cultivated, narrow application range, and difficult low-cost exploitation and utilization of solar energy resources on farmland, etc. Improve the utilization efficiency of land and water surface, stimulate crop growth and yield, and promote the development of renewable energy.

[0010] The second purpose of this application: To provide a linear photovoltaic (power generation suspension) cable in order to overcome the technical defects of the current flexible photovoltaic support structure, such as high-altitude erection difficulty, high installation cost, difficult cleaning and maintenance, short service life, easy twisting / wind vibration, high "stability maintenance cost", large fluctuation in power generation, small span, wide shadow, many pile foundations, hindering large-scale agricultural machinery operation, affecting crop growth, farmland cannot be normally cultivated, narrow application range, and difficult low-cost exploitation and utilization of solar energy resources on farmland, etc. Improve the utilization efficiency of land and water surface, stimulate crop growth and yield, and promote the development of renewable energy.

[0011] The third object of the present application is to provide a linear photovoltaic (power generation suspension) rod to overcome the technical defects of the current cable structure flexible photovoltaic support photovoltaic scheme, such as high-altitude erection difficulty, high installation cost, difficult cleaning and maintenance, short service life, easy to twist / wind vibration, high "stability maintenance cost", large power generation fluctuation, small span, wide shadow, many pile foundations, hindering large-scale agricultural operation, affecting crop growth, farmland cannot be normally cultivated, narrow application range, and difficult to exploit and utilize the surplus solar energy resources above the farmland at low cost, etc., to improve the utilization efficiency of land and water surface, stimulate crop growth and yield, and promote the development of renewable energy.

[0012] To achieve one of the above-mentioned objects of the present application, the present application provides a linear photovoltaic system as follows.

[0013] The linear photovoltaic system of the present application comprises:

[0014] ① a photovoltaic cell assembly encapsulated into a linear shape, hereinafter referred to as a photovoltaic wire; the photovoltaic wire comprises at least a load-bearing cable and a photovoltaic cell layer and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic cell layer is arranged (i.e. fixed) on the load-bearing cable (e.g. one load-bearing cable), and the transparent protective layer covers the photovoltaic cell layer; the thickness (i.e. diameter or width) of the photovoltaic wire is D, wherein D is less than the set thickness size;

[0015] Preferably, the cross section of the photovoltaic wire is preferably a regular circle (research shows that the wind resistance of the regular circular photovoltaic wire is the smallest, the wind vibration is the lightest, there is no wind sound, no matter where the wind comes from, the photovoltaic wire will not produce torque, no matter how it swings, the light intensity is always constant, the power generation fluctuation is the smallest, almost no fluctuation), or a triangle, or a square, or a pentagon, or a hexagon, or a dodecagon, or an axisymmetric shape, or a polygon (tending to be an arc) and the like polygonal prism;

[0016] Preferably, D≤10mm or 20mm or 30mm or 50mm or 100mm or 200mm or 300mm or 500mm or 680mm or 880mm or 2580mm or any suitable thickness size; the optimal thickness size D is 10mm to 200mm, because the photovoltaic wire with this thickness size has a narrower shadow in the farmland, a shorter time to pass through the same crop, and sunlight can be intermittently distributed to all crops for a long time, without affecting normal photosynthesis;

[0017] ②tall supports standing on the ground and a plurality of photovoltaic wires suspended in the air above the ground, arranged at intervals (the photovoltaic wires are connected in series and / or in parallel to form photovoltaic cell groups); the height of the photovoltaic wires from the ground surface (such as the top of crops or the surface of water) is H, the span of a single span of the photovoltaic wires is L, and the spacing of the horizontal projection of the photovoltaic wires on the ground is K; wherein H is greater than a set height dimension, L is greater than a set span dimension, and K is greater than a set spacing dimension;

[0018] Preferably, H≥1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m or 20m or 30m or 50m or 100m, the height H should be high enough, preferably higher than 100 meters, to ensure that the highest crop top does not touch the photovoltaic wires, and preferably H≥5m to ensure that large agricultural machinery and unmanned aerial vehicles can operate without obstruction; L≥10m or 20m or 50m or 80m or 150m or 500m or 1000m, the span L should be large enough to reduce the number of tall supports, reduce the pile foundation area on the ground, and avoid serious obstruction to large agricultural machinery, and preferably L≥80m for super-span applications; K≥0.05m or 0.1m or 0.2m or 0.5m or 1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m, the shadow area of the photovoltaic wires should be appropriately reduced, and the minimum requirement for crop growth light should be met to avoid reduced yield due to insufficient photosynthesis;

[0019] Preferably, a plurality of photovoltaic wires are connected in series and / or in parallel to form photovoltaic cell groups;

[0020] ③the shadow of the photovoltaic wires cast on the ground by the sun, including horizontal projection; wherein the ratio of the thickness dimension D of the photovoltaic wires to the spacing K of the horizontal projection of the photovoltaic wires, the shading coefficient: D / K, is less than a set coefficient value, and the noon shadow moves a distance of 1-20 minutes (preferably 1-5 minutes) of the width of the noon shadow. In other words, innovative technical measures such as reducing D, increasing K, raising H, and reducing D / K can be taken to increase the speed of shadow movement and shorten the time of shadow staying on the same crop (i.e. blocking sunlight) to prevent crops from being reduced due to insufficient photosynthesis, and to ensure that the time taken for the noon shadow to move a distance of the width of the noon shadow is preferably no more than 30 minutes.

[0021] Preferably, the photovoltaic wires are suspended above the farmland, and D / K≤0.01 or 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.05 or 0.1 or 0.2 or 0.3 or 0.5 or 1 or 2 or 3, so that the crops under the photovoltaic wires can receive 80% or 50% or 20% or more sunlight for a long time to grow normally; when selecting the shading coefficient, the principle of ensuring that the photovoltaic wires on the farmland can quickly move away from the crops should be followed.

[0022] More preferably, the shadow (i.e. the sun-shielding area) of each photovoltaic line projected onto the ground moves a distance greater than the planting width of one plant within a set time period, so as to avoid the same shadow staying on (i.e. shielding) the same plant for too long (e.g. more than 30 minutes), which would weaken the photosynthesis of the plant and reduce the yield. In other words, the shadow should move quickly, with the noon shadow moving a distance of 1 noon shadow width within 30 minutes or 1 hour; the shadow of the photovoltaic panel on the current flexible support stays at the same place for more than 1 hour each time. In order to unify the detection standard, the noon shadow is defined as the shadow of the sun on the photovoltaic line projected onto the ground at noon (i.e. from 11:00 to 13:00).

[0023] Data shows: light intensity and light duration are the key factors affecting photosynthesis efficiency, sufficient light can promote photosynthesis of plants, thereby increasing the accumulation of organic matter, which is conducive to crop growth and yield increase. During the shading of sunlight, photosynthesis stops, and the respiration of crops is still going on, which will inevitably lead to energy consumption. If this energy consumption cannot be supplemented by photosynthesis in time, it will affect crop growth and yield. If the light intensity is lower than the light compensation point of crops, photosynthesis will not meet the respiratory demand of plants, which will lead to hindered crop growth. In order to ensure that the light duration and light intensity are higher than the light compensation point, the research results are: improve the moving frequency and speed of photovoltaic line shadow, (for example, increase the height H of photovoltaic line to more than 15 meters, make the shading coefficient D / K ≤ 0.25, make the same plant need to be shaded for 3-5 minutes every 20 minutes (equivalent to being shaded more than 18 times a day), so that the sun is constantly blocked, released, blocked again, and released again with high frequency intermittent light), so that the shadows of multiple (preferably 3-36 or 5-15) photovoltaic lines repeatedly (preferably 3-36 or 5-15 times a day) block the sunlight of the same plant, so that the crops under the photovoltaic line can receive sunlight (with light intensity higher than the light compensation point) with high frequency, long time (for example, more than 50% of the cumulative daytime time each day), and intermittently, so as to stimulate crop growth and yield increase. In this way, the average sunlight absorbed by crops will be reduced by 13-20% (that is, 80-87% of sunlight is reserved for crops). One set of data shows that reducing sunlight by less than 13% (equivalent to D / K ≤ 0.15) has no effect on photosynthesis and yield of crops, but may even increase yield; in other words, crops should be able to receive more than 87% of sunlight to grow normally; another set of data shows that reducing sunlight by more than 20% (equivalent to D / K ≥ 0.25) begins to have some effect on photosynthesis and yield of crops; in other words, it is better to reduce the shading coefficient D / K to ensure that crops under the photovoltaic line can receive more than 80% (at least 20%) of sunlight with high frequency, long time (preferably more than 50% of the cumulative daytime time, and more preferably more than 80% of the cumulative daytime time), and intermittently to grow normally. Therefore, D / K ≤ 0.15 is the golden ratio that does not hinder crop photosynthesis and has universal value; in this case, the shading of photovoltaic lines to sunlight is equivalent to the shading effect of glass with a light transmittance of 80-87%. In summary, the use of (preferably south-north oriented) multiple photovoltaic line shadows to constantly block, release, block again, and release again for intermittent light of crops can make crops grow normally.In contrast, the cable structure flexible photovoltaic support and the current technology of "agri-photovoltaic" and "fish-photovoltaic" and the like will cause the crops and aquatic products under the photovoltaic panels to stay in the shadow for a long time (almost all day) because the photovoltaic panels are very wide, very dense and very low, and the shadow is very wide and very dense, which will cause the crops and aquatic products in the shadow to not be able to receive sunlight for a long time (all day), thus destroying the ecology and causing a reduction in yield.

[0024] Research shows that the length of time the shadow stays on (i.e. covers) the same crop is also roughly inversely proportional to H and proportional to D. Taking the Xinying District of Haikou City as an example, the shadow movement speed of a photovoltaic line with a height H of 50 meters running in the north-south direction at noon (11 o'clock) on March 4th is 68 cm / minute; if the height H of the photovoltaic line is reduced to 4.6 meters, the shadow movement speed will be reduced to 2.5 cm / minute, and if the height H of the photovoltaic line is reduced to 1.2 meters, the shadow movement speed will be reduced to 0.6 cm / minute. If the height H of the photovoltaic line is reduced to 5 meters at noon (1:30 pm) on March 4th, the shadow movement speed will be reduced to 1.3 cm / minute. Comparative observation at the same time shows that the shadow of a photovoltaic line with a height H of 5 meters running in the east-west direction moves at a speed of only 0.33 mm / minute, which is too slow, and in specific implementation, it is recommended to avoid erecting relatively thick photovoltaic lines in the east-west direction and to erect them in the north-south direction as much as possible. As can be seen, in order to reduce the impact of slow shadow movement speed on crop growth, the suspension height H of the photovoltaic line should be as high as possible. Given that the shadow stays on the crops (i.e. covers the sunlight) for a long time when the height H is 1 meter, which will seriously affect crop growth, it is not recommended to use such a low height H; of course, in order to reduce the impact of slow shadow movement speed on crop growth, the size D of the photovoltaic line should also be as small as possible.

[0025] In summary, in specific implementation, the height H should be preferably more than 2m, and more preferably more than 4m; the size D should be preferably less than or equal to 0.15m, and more preferably less than or equal to 0.1m; the horizontal projection distance K should be preferably more than 0.5m, and more preferably more than 1m; and D / K≤0.25, and more preferably D / K≤0.15. The size of the small-scale photovoltaic cell panel currently on the market is 1.22m x 0.61m, and the shadow it produces is 0.61m wide, which is three times the maximum preferred shadow width of 0.2m of the present application. Such a wide shadow will inevitably stay on the same crop for a long time (more than 1 hour at a time), causing the crop to have reduced photosynthesis and yield, and will inevitably have a significant impact on the ecological environment of the farmland.

[0026] In the implementation, the shading coefficient D / K should be selected according to the type of crops in the farmland. For crops that need shading net to adjust the light level and green forests that do not care about the yield, such as leafy vegetables, lettuce, spinach, cabbage, mustard, celery, green forests, grasslands, etc., the shading coefficient D / K can be appropriately increased, the horizontal spacing of the photovoltaic line can be reduced, and the size of the photovoltaic line can be increased.

[0027] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic cell layer and the transparent protective layer thereof are wrapped around the load-bearing cable to form a load-bearing cable built-in photovoltaic line, and the wrapping angle range is preferably greater than the set wrapping angle.

[0028] More preferably, the wrapping angle range is ≤120° or 181° or 198° or 216° or 240° or 270° or 359°. In other words, there is a circle or a small circle (formed by photovoltaic cell layers composed of photovoltaic cells or photovoltaic cell panels or thin-film photovoltaic cells) around the load-bearing cable, and the wrapping angle range is ≤120° or 181° or 198°.

[0029] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic cell layer and the transparent protective layer thereof are fixed on the load-bearing cable (by hanging, riding, or tying, etc.) to form a load-bearing cable external photovoltaic line; or the photovoltaic cell layer and the transparent protective layer thereof are encapsulated and manufactured into a flat strip (cell module / that is, a narrow plate-shaped linear photovoltaic cell assembly) and fixed on the load-bearing cable to form a flat strip photovoltaic line supported by the load-bearing cable.

[0030] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic line is a cylinder, or a flat strip, or an n-sided polygonal prism, where n is greater than a set value.

[0031] More preferably, n≥3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128 or 512. In summary, the photovoltaic line is preferably a right circular cylinder or a polygonal prism with a surface close to a right circular cylinder.

[0032] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic system, the load-bearing cable is arranged above the center of gravity line (including the added weight) of the photovoltaic line to form an inverted suspension (self-stabilizing) structure; relying on the self-weight to make the area without photovoltaic cell layer (i.e. non-power generation area) always automatically face the ground, thereby saving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer. In other words, relying on the self-weight to make the photovoltaic cell layer automatically face the predetermined direction (i.e. automatic orientation), thereby saving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer.

[0033] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic wires are arranged in the same direction as their load-bearing cables (for example, the cylindrical cell modules are hung below the external load-bearing cables), suspended in the air; or, the photovoltaic wires are arranged in the opposite direction of their load-bearing cables (for example, the cylindrical cell modules are bundled above the load-bearing cables), suspended in the air, preferably vertically intersecting and fixed; or, the photovoltaic wires are arranged in a staggered manner, suspended in the air, (preferably) the height difference Δh between adjacent two cables is ≤0.5K or 0.25K or 0.15K; or, multiple photovoltaic wires (or their load-bearing cables) are arranged in a crisscross manner to form a photovoltaic net, suspended in the air.

[0034] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic system, a longer photovoltaic wire within a single span L is composed of multiple shorter photovoltaic wires connected (for example, by load-bearing cables or chain links); each shorter photovoltaic wire is referred to as a photovoltaic rod.

[0035] More preferably, the linear photovoltaic system, irrigation water pipes (including water hoses) are attached (externally hung or pre-buried) to the photovoltaic wires (connected to the existing drip irrigation / sprinkler irrigation system), the photovoltaic wires and the irrigation water pipes (for example, integrated) share the same load-bearing cables and high-rise supports, achieving agricultural photovoltaic complementation. In this way, the technical solution of the present application not only utilizes the surplus sunlight above the farmland for photovoltaic power generation, but also utilizes the water pipes in the photovoltaic wires for irrigation, and absorbs the heat of the photovoltaic wires to achieve the effect of heat dissipation and cooling, improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, such as using very thin and light drip irrigation pipes / belts for crop drip irrigation, achieving light irrigation complementary function.

[0036] Still more preferably, the linear photovoltaic system, supplemental light electric lamps (commonly known as plant growth lamps) are attached (externally hung or pre-buried) to the photovoltaic wires, the photovoltaic wires and the supplemental light electric lamps and their power supply wires (for example, integrated) share the same load-bearing cables and high-rise supports, used for night light supplement for crops to promote crop growth, achieving three-in-one agricultural photovoltaic complementation of photovoltaic power generation, night light supplement and water delivery irrigation. In this way, the technical solution of the present application not only utilizes the surplus sunlight above the farmland for photovoltaic power generation, but also utilizes the water pipes in the photovoltaic wires for farmland irrigation, and provides light for light-loving crops at night to promote crop growth.

[0037] It is preferred that the linear photovoltaic system is filled with a low-density thickening filler (such as polyurethane rigid foam or gas or vacuum or other low-density thickening filler with low filling density) between the load-bearing cable and the photovoltaic cell layer, so as to increase the thickness size D of the photovoltaic wire, expand the layable area of the photovoltaic cell layer, and greatly increase the light receiving area per unit length of the photovoltaic wire, thereby reducing the power generation cost per unit length. Studies have shown that it is more preferred that the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the low-density thickening filler to the cross-sectional area of the photovoltaic wire is ≥0.1 or 0.3, and the ratio is ≥0.5 or 0.7 or 1.5 or 3 or 5 or 10. In specific implementation, the ratio should be as high as possible.

[0038] It is also preferred that the linear photovoltaic system (appropriately) increases the height H of the photovoltaic wire (for example, H≥4m), (appropriately) reduces the horizontal spacing K of the photovoltaic wire (for example, K≤1.5m), and reduces the shading coefficient D / K, so that the shadow of (several) adjacent photovoltaic wires repeatedly (preferably 3-36 times or more than 5 times a day) blocks the sunlight of the crops under the photovoltaic wire every day, so that the crops receive sunlight at a high frequency (every day) and for a long time (preferably for more than 50% of the total daytime, and more preferably for more than 80% of the total daytime), and grow normally in an intermittent manner (which can be referred to as an intermittent light method). In summary, the crops are intermittently lighted (or intermittently shaded) by the shadow of (several) adjacent photovoltaic wires (preferably in a north-south direction) every day, and the crops receive sunlight at a high frequency and for a long time in an intermittent manner, which can make the crops grow normally.

[0039] It is also preferred that the linear photovoltaic system is provided with a loudspeaker (such as a ceramic horn) on the photovoltaic wire, and the photovoltaic wire, the loudspeaker, and the power supply wire of the loudspeaker are combined into one, and share the same load-bearing cable and high-rise support, so as to play bird-repelling or mouse-repelling sounds (including ultrasonic waves and the calls of natural enemies, to prevent birds from stealing food and falling in large quantities on the photovoltaic wire to block sunlight and defecate) or (designated) music (to promote crop growth), and the designated music includes music that is beneficial to crop growth.

[0040] It is also preferred that the linear photovoltaic system is provided with a loudspeaker (such as a ceramic horn) on the photovoltaic wire, and the photovoltaic wire, the loudspeaker, and the power supply wire of the loudspeaker are combined into one, and share the same load-bearing cable and high-rise support, so as to play bird-repelling or mouse-repelling sounds (including ultrasonic waves and the calls of natural enemies, to prevent birds from stealing food and falling in large quantities on the photovoltaic wire to block sunlight and defecate) or (designated) music (to promote crop growth), and the designated music includes music that is beneficial to crop growth.

[0041] It is also preferred that the linear photovoltaic system, preferably each panel strip is hung or laid (including installation with a certain angle of laying) on the external load-bearing cable, and there is no linkage between each other, and each can be individually moved by the wind.

[0042] It is also preferred that the linear photovoltaic system, D≤10mm or 20mm or 30mm or 50mm or 100mm or 200mm or 300mm or 500mm or 680mm or 880mm or 2580mm or any other suitable size, H≥1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m or 20m or 30m or 50m or 100m, L≥10m or 20m or 50m or 80m or 150m or 500m or 1000m, K≥0.05m or 0.1m or 0.2m or 0.5m or 1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m, D / K≤0.01 or 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.05 or 0.10 or 0.20 or 0.30 or 0.50 or 1 or 2 or 3, n≥4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128 or 512.

[0043] It is also preferred that the linear photovoltaic system has a shading coefficient of D / K≤0.25 to enable the crops under the photovoltaic line to receive (80% or 87% or more) sunlight for long-term intermittent growth. The photovoltaic line is suspended above the farmland, and the noon shadow moves 1-20 minutes or 1-5 minutes per noon shadow width. The noon shadow moves 1-20 minutes or 1-5 minutes per noon shadow width, preferably not more than 30 minutes or 1 hour.

[0044] It is also preferred that the linear photovoltaic system, each panel strip is pulled on the stabilizing cable by a buffer spring to prevent the panel strip from rising to an angle greater than the set value and to keep the panel strip at a set angle when there is no wind.

[0045] Alternatively, multiple panel strips are laid (including installation with a certain angle of laying) on the same load-bearing cable through the connecting device, so that each panel strip can be moved by the wind relative to the load-bearing cable to buffer the wind and enhance the wind resistance. Each panel strip is equipped with at least one buffer mechanism, including but not limited to a buffer spring or a weight or a lever mechanism, which can effectively reduce the shaking amplitude of the panel strip when encountering strong wind, thereby protecting the panel strip from excessive stress, and automatically assisting the panel strip to reset to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong wind.

[0046] Or, the photovoltaic rod has a spiral slot for the load-bearing cable to wind into; or, the photovoltaic rod has a groove slot for the load-bearing cable to put into; or, the photovoltaic rod is a tube, and the load-bearing cable is threaded into the tube; or, the photovoltaic rod is provided with a connecting member and a connecting wire, and the photovoltaic rod is hung on the external load-bearing cable or connected into a longer photovoltaic line through the connecting member; or, the photovoltaic rod is provided with a connecting member at each end, and the connecting member hooks and connects the photovoltaic rods arranged in a straight line into a chain (strip structure, which is used as a load-bearing cable to replace the dedicated load-bearing cable). Preferably, the distance Y between the photovoltaic rod and the load-bearing cable is less than or equal to 0 or 10 mm or 25 mm or 50 mm or 500 mm, and the load-bearing cable and the photovoltaic rod are in a north-south direction. Research shows that the distance Y of 0 is the best, in other words, the photovoltaic rod is close to the load-bearing cable, which is the least likely to be wind shaken.

[0047] It is also preferred to take a one-for-many and functionally complementary measure, and use one or more irrigation water pipes (preferably together with its standby water pipe) as a (low-density) thickening filler to be buried in the photovoltaic line to increase the thickness D of the photovoltaic line and expand the (laid) area of the photovoltaic cell layer. The irrigation water pipe can be made of light (i.e. low-density) materials such as plastic and rubber. It is desirable that the irrigation water flows from the surface of the photovoltaic line to remove dust from the cable surface and to cool the photovoltaic line, and then drips to the farmland, thereby achieving the effect of conveniently cleaning and conveniently improving the power generation efficiency.

[0048] It is also preferred that the linear photovoltaic system comprises a load-bearing cable, a thickening filler, a cable shell back plate layer, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer from the inside to the outside of the photovoltaic line or rod; the photovoltaic rod is provided with an end cap or / and a limiting piece, and the end cap is provided with a cable hole adapted to the load-bearing cable; the end cap is used to block the end port to prevent rodents and birds from nesting in the photovoltaic rod, and the limiting piece is used to fasten the photovoltaic rod on the load-bearing cable to prevent the photovoltaic rod from sliding / twisting, thereby preventing the wires from being pulled off and the photovoltaic rod from changing direction.

[0049] It is also preferred that the linear photovoltaic system has a length L of greater than or equal to 80 m and a thickness D of less than or equal to 0.235 m, and a ratio D / K of less than or equal to 0.25; or, a thickness D of less than or equal to 0.15 m and a ratio D / K of less than or equal to 0.15. Research shows that the linear photovoltaic system with the specific parameters of D≤0.15 m and D / K≤0.15 has little effect on the photosynthesis and yield of any crop, and is a general solution.

[0050] It is also preferred that the linear photovoltaic system is erected in a north-south direction, which includes all directions with an angle less than 39 degrees with the meridian. In this way, the shadow moving speed can be increased, the shadow can be quickly moved away from the same crop, and the effect on the photosynthesis of the crop can be reduced. Desirably, a photovoltaic line is carried by only one load-bearing cable.

[0051] Another preferred embodiment is that the linear photovoltaic system includes an air-to-water generator installed in or next to the farmland. The output of the photovoltaic power generation system is electrically connected to the air-to-water generator, and the irrigation water pipe is connected to the air-to-water generator for irrigating crops in the farmland. In short: it receives sunlight to generate electricity, produces air-to-water for irrigation, nourishes the earth and ensures the growth of crops, thus guaranteeing both energy and food security.

[0052] Furthermore, the linear photovoltaic system is preferably a rod-shaped battery module whose photovoltaic rod is composed of multiple prefabricated battery components assembled together.

[0053] Most preferably, in the linear photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic lines are arranged in the same direction as the load-bearing cable and are suspended in the air by a single load-bearing cable.

[0054] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic system has its photovoltaic lines suspended above the cultivated land to achieve dual use of the land, improving the land's single agricultural use, increasing land value, alleviating the tension of photovoltaic land use, and promoting the innovative development of complementary agriculture, forestry, and clean energy. The time that the shadow of the photovoltaic line stays on (i.e., covers) the same crop (daily) does not exceed 30 minutes or 1 hour; preferably, the midday shadow moves a distance equal to the width of the midday shadow every 1-20 minutes or every 1-5 minutes.

[0055] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic system has reflectors near the bottom of the photovoltaic line to reflect ambient light into the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic line, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic line.

[0056] To achieve the second objective of the invention mentioned above, this application provides the following technical solution for a linear photovoltaic line.

[0057] This application discloses a linear photovoltaic line, which is a linear photovoltaic cell module—a photovoltaic line; the photovoltaic line includes at least three parts: a load-bearing cable, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic cell layer is disposed (i.e. fixed) on (e.g., prestressed) the load-bearing cable, and the transparent protective layer covers the photovoltaic cell layer; the thickness (i.e., diameter or width) dimension D of the photovoltaic line is smaller than the set thickness dimension.

[0058] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic line, with its photovoltaic cell layer and transparent protective layer surrounding the load-bearing cable, constitutes a load-bearing cable-embedded photovoltaic line (i.e., a cylindrical battery module embedded in the load-bearing cable), and its surrounding range is greater than a set surrounding angle. Preferably, its surrounding range is ≤120°, 181°, 198°, 216°, 240°, 270°, or 359°.

[0059] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic line, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are fixed on the load-bearing cable (in the manner of hanging, riding or binding, etc.) to form a load-bearing cable external photovoltaic line; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are fixed on the load-bearing cable to form a flat strip (cell module) type photovoltaic line supported by the load-bearing cable.

[0060] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic line, the cylindrical cell module is a cylinder, or a flat strip, or a multi-prism with n edges (the surface approaches a circular arc), where n is greater than a certain value.

[0061] Preferably, n≥3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128.

[0062] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic line, the photovoltaic line and its load-bearing cable are arranged in the same direction (i.e. fixed together) and suspended in the air; or, the photovoltaic line and its load-bearing cable are arranged in a cross manner (i.e. fixed together) and suspended in the air; or, the photovoltaic lines are arranged in a staggered manner and suspended in the air, where the height difference Δh between adjacent two cables is preferably ≤0.5K or 0.25K or 0.15K; or, multiple photovoltaic lines (or their load-bearing cables) are arranged in a crisscross manner to form a photovoltaic net and suspended in the air.

[0063] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic line includes any one or any combination of the following technical features:

[0064] ① A longer photovoltaic line within a single span L is composed of multiple shorter photovoltaic lines; each shorter photovoltaic line is referred to as a photovoltaic rod;

[0065] ② An irrigation water pipe is attached to the photovoltaic line, and the photovoltaic line and the irrigation water pipe share the same load-bearing cable and its high-rise support;

[0066] ③ A light supplementing electric lamp is provided on the photovoltaic line, and the photovoltaic line, the light supplementing electric lamp and its power supply wire share the same load-bearing cable and its high-rise support to supplement light for crops at night;

[0067] ④ A thickening filler is filled between the load-bearing cable and the photovoltaic cell layer to increase the thickness D of the photovoltaic line and expand the layable area of the photovoltaic cell layer, thereby increasing the light receiving area per unit length of the photovoltaic line and reducing the power generation cost per unit length;

[0068] ⑤ An electric heating element is attached to the photovoltaic line, which can melt the accumulated snow and frozen rain and ice blocks by electric heating when needed; or, a reflective object is provided near the bottom of the photovoltaic line to reflect ambient light to the shadow area of the photovoltaic line, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic line;

[0069] ⑥The loudspeaker is installed on the photovoltaic line, and the photovoltaic line, the loudspeaker and the power supply wire thereof are shared with the same load-bearing cable and high-rise support, to play the sound of driving away birds or mice or (designated) music (to promote crop growth), and the designated music includes music beneficial to crop growth;

[0070] ⑦The load-bearing cable is arranged above the gravity center line of the photovoltaic line (including an added weight to lower the gravity center), to form an inverted suspension structure, and the photovoltaic cell layer is automatically faced to a predetermined direction (i.e. automatically facing the sun) by the action of gravity (including the added weight). Preferably, the load-bearing cable is arranged at the axial position above the gravity center line of the photovoltaic line, to form an inverted suspension structure, and the photovoltaic cell layer is automatically faced to the sun by the action of gravity. Preferably, each flat strip is hung or laid (including a flat laying installation with a certain inclination) on the external load-bearing cable, and there is no linkage between the flat strips, and each flat strip can be individually shaken by the wind.

[0071] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic line includes any one or any combination of the following technical features:

[0072] ①Each flat strip is pulled on the stabilizing cable by a buffer spring, to prevent the flat strip from rising to an angle greater than a set value and to keep the flat strip at a set inclination when there is no wind;

[0073] Alternatively, a plurality of flat strips are laid (including a flat laying installation with a certain inclination) on the same load-bearing cable through the connecting device, so that each flat strip can be shaken by the wind relative to the load-bearing cable to buffer the wind and enhance the wind resistance, and each flat strip is provided with at least one buffer mechanism, including but not limited to a buffer spring or a weight or a lever mechanism, which can effectively reduce the shaking amplitude of the flat strip when encountering strong wind, thereby protecting the flat strip from excessive stress, and automatically assisting the flat strip to return to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong wind;

[0074] Alternatively, the photovoltaic rod has a spiral gap for the load-bearing cable to pass through; or the photovoltaic rod has a groove gap for the load-bearing cable to pass through; or the photovoltaic rod is provided with a connecting member at each end, and the connecting member hooks and connects the photovoltaic rods arranged in a line to form a chain (strip structure, which is used as a load-bearing cable instead of a dedicated load-bearing cable);

[0075] ②The photovoltaic rod is in the form of a tube, and the load-bearing cable is arranged in the tube;

[0076] ③The photovoltaic rod is provided with a connecting member (and a connecting wire), and the photovoltaic rod is hung on the external load-bearing cable or connected to form a longer photovoltaic line through the connecting member;

[0077] ④One or more irrigation water pipes, which are used as thickening fillers, are arranged in the photovoltaic line; or, irrigation water flows from the surface of the photovoltaic line to remove dust from the cable surface and to cool the photovoltaic line, and then drips to the farmland, so as to achieve the effects of cleaning and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0078] ⑤The photovoltaic line comprises, from the inside to the outside, a load-bearing cable, a thickening filler, a cable shell back plate layer, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer.

[0079] ⑥The photovoltaic rod is a rod-shaped cell module composed of a plurality of cell prefabricated parts; for example, the photovoltaic rod is a cylindrical cell module composed of a semicircular cylindrical cell prefabricated part and a semicircular rod-shaped base body. The load-bearing cable is located at the axial position, and the center of gravity is arranged below the axial center to form an inverted suspension structure, so that the photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun by relying on the self-weight.

[0080] In order to achieve the third purpose of the application, the application provides a linear photovoltaic rod which can normally and stably generate electricity even if the photovoltaic cells are randomly moved.

[0081] The application provides a linear photovoltaic rod, which is a linear photovoltaic cell assembly encapsulated into a rod shape (rod is usually divided into solid rod and hollow rod, and hollow rod is usually called pipe). The rod is also called photovoltaic rod. The photovoltaic rod at least comprises a rod-shaped base body and a photovoltaic cell layer and a transparent protective layer. The photovoltaic cell layer is arranged on the rod-shaped base body (including the front surface or the back surface of the transparent rod-shaped base body), and the transparent protective layer covers the photovoltaic cell layer. (The photovoltaic rod is preferably provided with an end cap and a fastener for clamping the load-bearing cable, and the end cap is provided with a cable hole matched with the load-bearing cable.) The thickness of the photovoltaic rod is less than the set thickness. The photovoltaic rod can be sold without a load-bearing cable, and the user can select and match the load-bearing cable. Preferably, the thickness D of the photovoltaic rod is less than or equal to 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm, 200 mm, 300 mm, 500 mm, 680 mm, 880 mm, 2580 mm or any other suitable thickness. The optimal size D is 10 mm to 200 mm. The rod-shaped base body described herein plays a role similar to the back plate in the existing photovoltaic cell panel, and plays a role of structural support.

[0082] Preferably, the linear photovoltaic rod is provided with a hook or the like connecting member at each end, which is used to hook and connect the linear photovoltaic rods in a row to form a chain (strip structure, which is used as a load-bearing cable to replace a dedicated load-bearing cable). Alternatively, a plurality of photovoltaic rods are arranged in a row, connected end to end, and connected in series by a load-bearing cable (a continuous load-bearing cable).

[0083] Preferably, in the linear photovoltaic rod, the photovoltaic cell layer is configured to surround the rod-shaped substrate and have a photovoltaic cell layer with a set surrounding angle range greater than a predetermined surrounding angle range; preferably, the predetermined surrounding angle range is ≤120° or 181° or 198° or 216° or 240° or 270° or 359°.

[0084] Furthermore, the linear photovoltaic rod comprises any one or more of the following technical features ①-⑧:

[0085] ① The photovoltaic rod is filled with thickening filler (including air or vacuum filler) to increase the thickness D of the photovoltaic rod and expand the layable area of ​​the photovoltaic cell layer, thereby increasing the light-receiving area per unit length of the photovoltaic rod and reducing the power generation cost per unit length.

[0086] ② The photovoltaic rod has a spiral slot through which the load-bearing cable can be wound; or, the photovoltaic rod has a groove slot through which the load-bearing cable can be inserted; or, the photovoltaic rod is tubular and the load-bearing cable can pass through the tube; or, the photovoltaic rod is provided with connecting components (such as hook components or riveting components) and connecting wires; or, the photovoltaic rod is provided with end caps and / or limiting components that can fasten the photovoltaic rod to the load-bearing cable; preferably, the photovoltaic rod is fixed parallel to the load-bearing cable, the distance Y from the photovoltaic rod to the load-bearing cable is ≤0 or 10mm or 25mm or 50mm or 500mm, and the load-bearing cable and the photovoltaic rod are oriented east-west. Studies have found that a distance Y of 0 is best, in other words, it is best for the photovoltaic rod to be close to the load-bearing cable, which is the least likely to cause wind vibration.

[0087] ③ The photovoltaic rod is a cylinder or a polygonal prism with n sides, where n is greater than a set value; preferably, n ≥ 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128 or 512.

[0088] ④ A supplemental light is also installed on the photovoltaic rod to provide supplemental light to the crops at night to promote crop growth; or, a speaker is also attached to the photovoltaic line to play bird or rodent repellent sounds or (specified) music (to promote crop growth), the specified music including music beneficial to crop growth; or, a reflector is installed near the bottom of the photovoltaic rod to reflect ambient light into the shaded area of ​​the photovoltaic rod, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic rod.

[0089] ⑤ The photovoltaic rod is equipped with an end cap, and the end cap has pre-set cable holes that are compatible with the load-bearing cable;

[0090] ⑥ The photovoltaic rod consists of at least the following structural layers from the inside out: a load-bearing cable, a thickening filler (the air inside the hollow tube can be considered as the thickening filler), a rod-shaped substrate (e.g., a cylinder), a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic rod is provided with end caps and / or limiting components (i.e., fasteners), the end caps are pre-drilled with cable holes adapted to the load-bearing cable, and the limiting components are fastened to the load-bearing cable;

[0091] ⑦The position of the load-bearing cable is set above the barycentric line of the photovoltaic rod (including the added weight), to form an inverted suspension (self-stabilizing) structure; relying on the action of gravity, the area without photovoltaic cell layer (i.e. non-power generation area) is always facing the ground, thereby saving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer. In other words, relying on the action of gravity, the area with photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun (can be simply referred to as automatic sunward) in a predetermined direction, thereby saving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer; preferably, the load-bearing cable is set at the position of the axis above the barycentric line of the photovoltaic rod, to form an inverted suspension structure, relying on the action of gravity, the photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun.

[0092] ⑧The photovoltaic rod is a rod-shaped cell module composed of multiple cell prefabricated components; for example, the photovoltaic rod is a cylindrical cell module composed of a semicircular cell prefabricated component and a semicircular base body, the load-bearing cable is at the axis position, and the barycenter is set below the axis, to form an inverted suspension structure, relying on gravity, the photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun.

[0093] Baidu Wenxin Yiyang Answer: Farmland, woodland, mountainous land and grassland are collectively referred to as cultivated land. Cultivated land refers to land used for agricultural production, including farmland for growing crops, grassland for breeding, woodland for planting and harvesting timber, and mountainous land for livestock and pasture. The cultivated land described in this application refers to the place where green plants can grow, including but not limited to woodland, grassland, farmland, green slope, gully, orchard and green water and green mountains, including ditches, canals, roads and fences within the cultivated land. In addition, it also includes the green belt in the middle of the road and on both sides, and the surface that needs ecological restoration.

[0094] The wind vibration described in this application refers to various uncontrollable fluctuations such as shaking, vibration, swinging, shaking, turning, and disorder caused by wind blowing.

[0095] The load-bearing cable described in this application includes a chain of super-short load-bearing cables composed of two adjacent connecting members.

[0096] The light receiving amount described in this application refers to the total amount of light energy received per unit time, i.e. light flux. The cylindrical surface described in this application includes cylindrical and multi-prismatic cylindrical surfaces, as well as semi-cylindrical surfaces, which have the following geometric and optical characteristics: the total amount of sunlight energy received per unit time is stable and does not change, and does not change with the swinging of the photovoltaic line, so that the photovoltaic cell layer can generate electricity stably and does not produce fluctuating current with the fluctuation of the photovoltaic line.

[0097] Baidu Encyclopedia: The size of a single photovoltaic cell is 4-100 cm 2 , the working voltage is 0.45-0.50V, and the working current is 20-25mA / cm 2Therefore, it cannot be used as a power source alone; in a photovoltaic power generation system, it is necessary to connect its monomers in series, parallel, and encapsulation to form a solar cell module. A photovoltaic cell piece is a small module composed of multiple photovoltaic cell monomers; a photovoltaic cell panel is a large plate-shaped structure assembled by multiple photovoltaic cell pieces. The photovoltaic cell layer described in the present application can be a photovoltaic cell layer, or a photovoltaic cell piece layer, or a photovoltaic cell panel layer, or a thin-film photovoltaic cell, etc. which can directly convert solar energy into electrical energy.

[0098] It is generally known to those skilled in the art that the research and development direction of photovoltaic cell panels mainly includes five key aspects. First, improving conversion efficiency, which has always been the goal of researchers. They strive to continuously improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cell panels to increase their energy output. Second, reducing costs, which is a crucial goal that requires innovation in multiple aspects such as material costs, production processes, and design optimization. The third direction is to improve durability and stability, as photovoltaic cell panels need to operate stably for a long time under various environmental conditions. Researchers strive to enhance the wind vibration resistance, wind swing resistance, and anti-inversion capability of photovoltaic cell panels to ensure that they cannot move randomly and can only generate electricity in a static state, allowing them to operate reliably and output stable electrical energy for a long time. The fourth direction is integrated design, which integrates photovoltaic cell panels with buildings or other equipment to achieve more efficient energy utilization. This requires design optimization of photovoltaic cell panels to adapt to specific installation scenarios and requirements. The last direction is intelligentization and networking, as smart technology continues to develop, researchers are exploring ways to make photovoltaic cell panels intelligent to achieve more efficient energy management and monitoring.

[0099] The applicant breaks through the traditional thinking limitation that photovoltaic cell panels must generate electricity in a static state, and abandons the research and development direction of enhancing the wind vibration resistance (wind swing resistance) and anti-inversion capability of photovoltaic cell panels, and first proposes the reverse research and development direction and theory of allowing photovoltaic cell panels to move randomly, such as wind vibration (including wind swing and inversion), to achieve the technical goal of "stably generating electricity in random movement".

[0100] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects.

[0101] Firstly, "stably generating electricity in random movement": the present application can use one bearing cable, abandoning the traditional method of using multiple bearing cables and stabilizing cables to build a flexible support to maintain the stability of the photovoltaic cell panel. The present application allows the photovoltaic line to swing and vibrate (blown by the wind), saving a lot of "stabilization cost", achieving the technical innovation of "stably generating electricity in random movement", and overcoming the technical defects caused by the necessity of stabilization in the current cable structure flexible photovoltaic support power generation technical scheme.

[0102] Secondly, no need for workers to work at high altitudes: the photovoltaic wire in the application is easy to install and construct, just like erecting a wire, only need to lift both ends and fix them to the high support tower, without the need for workers to work at high altitudes as in the current hundreds of patents, thus the installation and construction cost can be reduced by more than 30%.

[0103] Thirdly, excellent performance of round cable: research has found that the photovoltaic wire with a cross-section of a perfect circle in the application can only swing horizontally (or sway), and cannot swing vertically, and any direction of wind will not make it twist, no matter how large or small the horizontal swing amplitude and how high or low the frequency, the area and the angle of incidence of sunlight on the circular photovoltaic cell layer are always constant, so it can "stably generate electricity in chaos" and the power generation is not fluctuating. Therefore, it has many technical advantages such as easy erection at high altitudes, low installation cost, easy cleaning and maintenance, long service life, difficult to twist, small wind resistance, no wind noise, no "stabilization cost", small power generation fluctuation, super large span, narrow shadow, few pile foundations, no hindrance to large-scale agricultural machinery operation, no impact on crop growth, normal ploughing of farmland, wide application, easy low-cost exploitation and utilization of surplus solar energy resources in the air of farmland, etc. In short, the round cable photovoltaic power generation scheme almost overcomes all the nearly fifteen technical defects of the background technology (hundreds of patents). On the contrary, the photovoltaic wire with a cross-section of a triangle, or a square, or other non-circular shape, as long as it swings or vibrates horizontally, the amount of light it receives and the angle of incidence will change, it "cannot generate electricity stably in chaos", and the power generation fluctuation is relatively larger, and it is slightly more difficult to output and use.

[0104] Fourthly, super large span: especially when D is 10mm to 200mm, the wind resistance is very small, so the (single span) span L in the photovoltaic power generation scheme of the application can be very large (for example, more than 120 meters or 500 meters), even more than five times the maximum span (59.3 meters) of the current flexible support photovoltaic power generation scheme, and the span L can even reach 1.76 kilometers. In comparison, the photovoltaic power generation scheme of the application basically does not hinder large-scale agricultural mechanized production and does not cause any ecological environmental impact on the original crops of the farmland.

[0105] Research has found that the reason why the maximum span of the current flexible support photovoltaic power generation scheme cannot be too large is that when the span exceeds 60 meters, it is difficult for the stabilizing cable to stabilize the planar photovoltaic cell panel, which will sway with the wind, and the angle of incidence of sunlight will change with the wind, easily forming fluctuating current, resulting in extremely small output power and extremely low power generation efficiency. On the contrary, the photovoltaic wire in the application does not need to be stabilized and is not afraid of swaying with the wind, no matter how it sways, the amount of light received by the photovoltaic wire is always constant, so it will not form fluctuating current, and the power generation efficiency is normal. Therefore, the span in the application can be very large.

[0106] Although the span of the present application can be very large, in practice, it can also be used in some places with very small span, in other words, large span can be compatible with small span, while small span cannot be compatible with large span. The thickness of the photovoltaic wire can also be adjusted according to the actual needs of the span size, such as if a large span is needed, a thinner photovoltaic wire can be used, and if a small span is needed, a thicker photovoltaic wire can be used. Recently, the applicant inquired about Baidu Wenxin Yiyang, and the maximum span of the domestic cable structure flexible photovoltaic support that has been realized is how many meters, and the maximum single-span span of the domestic suspension cable for suspension bridges is how many kilometers, and the answer is: the maximum span of the cable structure flexible photovoltaic support and the suspension cable is constantly developing and improving. Specifically, some projects have achieved quite large spans. For example, in the A sewage treatment plant distributed photovoltaic power station project, the maximum single-span span of the flexible support is 59.3 meters, which is the largest single-span span in the known region of the flexible support system. The maximum single-span span of the suspension cable for suspension bridges is 1.76 kilometers. The river-crossing bridge that applies it is the largest-span single-layer suspension bridge in the region, and the main bridge uses a single-span whole steel box beam suspension bridge with a main span of 1.76 kilometers.

[0107] V. Power generation and irrigation combined: The irrigation water pipe is added to the photovoltaic wire of the present application, so that photovoltaic power generation and water delivery irrigation are ingeniously combined together, sharing the load-bearing cable and the high-rise support, acting as a thickening filler, and can be invested and constructed once, with a significant reduction in comprehensive cost.

[0108] VI. Power generation, irrigation, and light supplement combined: The night light supplement electric lamp is added to the photovoltaic wire of the present application, so that photovoltaic power generation, water delivery irrigation, and installation of light supplement electric lamps are organically combined together, sharing the load-bearing cable and the high-rise support, and can be invested and constructed once, with a significant reduction in comprehensive cost. Investigations show that the investment cost of separately erecting irrigation water pipes, separately erecting light supplement electric lamps, and separately erecting photovoltaic wires is relatively high, and after the three are organically combined and utilized, the cost is shared by the three, and the functions are complementary and mutually beneficial, and the technical effects are obvious and beneficial.

[0109] VII. No occupation of arable land, no impact on cultivation, and environmentally friendly: The photovoltaic power generation scheme of the present application, like the erection of high-voltage power lines, basically does not occupy arable land (the pile foundation can be placed on the ridge, in the ditch, and on the side of the path according to local conditions), basically does not block sunlight, does not affect crop growth, the photovoltaic wire has a large span, can be relaxed (unlike the current cable structure flexible photovoltaic support that can only be tensioned), has a high height, a narrow shadow, a sparse density, does not block wind, rain, and light, does not affect crop growth and yield, does not affect normal cultivation of arable land, belongs to an environmentally friendly type of solar power generation, and can make the current arable land and forests produce additional clean energy and additional value without being affected.

[0110] Its eight, agricultural light complement, fish light complement: the biggest beneficial technical effect of the application is that the solar energy resources on the ground and water surface are ingeniously developed and used. It does not occupy farmland and water surface, does not affect agricultural and forestry production, but can irrigate farmland and increase the output value of farmland and aquatic products. It can improve the single agricultural and forestry use of land, improve the value of land, alleviate the contradiction of photovoltaic land shortage, and promote the innovative development of agricultural and forestry and clean energy complementation.

[0111] The data shows that some crops will be affected by too much sunlight and need shading nets or other shading facilities to adjust the light level. For example, vegetable crops such as lettuce, spinach, kale, cabbage, mustard, celery, etc., such as flower crops such as violet, primrose, etc., such as mushrooms, such as some fruits such as strawberries, blueberries, etc., such as root vegetables such as potatoes, carrots, sugar beets. The data also shows that most crops will not cause yield reduction if the light is reduced by about 10%.

[0112] Therefore, the popularization and application of the application can tap into free photovoltaic land equivalent to 10% of the surface of the farmland, equivalent to adding hundreds of millions of mu of free photovoltaic land, and can also increase the photovoltaic power generation income of these land operators. Moreover, the photovoltaic line of the application can also be erected above places that do not need sunlight, such as roads, rivers, gullies, and buildings, thereby making full use of the abundant solar energy resources at high altitudes, and the photovoltaic line does not occupy land. In short, the application opens up a new world for photovoltaic power generation without hindering farmland planting, and provides a unique technical solution for ensuring energy and food security.

[0113] Ninth, local power generation, no need to east and west electricity: no need to build centralized photovoltaic power stations in remote western deserts, and then spend huge sums of money to pull electricity to the east for use. It can be built in the farmland above the east where the demand for electricity is large (even in the mountains and rivers above the non-farmland) to construct centralized photovoltaic power plants, and the generated photovoltaic power and other clean energy can be consumed locally.

[0114] Tenth, two-dimensional to one-dimensional: compared with the background technology (many patents) using flexible photovoltaic support of cable structure, the application discards the rigid two-dimensional fixed photovoltaic cell panel which is difficult to fix, has large wind resistance and is easy to damage; it creates a one-dimensional linear flexible photovoltaic line scheme that only needs to be fixed at both ends and allows the middle to swing, has small wind resistance and has super large span - linear photovoltaic product. Therefore, the photovoltaic line in the application does not need to be fixed in two dimensions like the background technology to prevent photovoltaic cell panel from twisting and other wind vibration, thereby saving support material and manufacturing and construction labor costs and other "stability costs". The calculation shows that compared with the background technology, the application integrates the photovoltaic module and the support to make a linear photovoltaic product, and the material cost is reduced by more than one-third.

[0115] Eleven, small wind resistance, no strong vibration, anti typhoon: because the photovoltaic line is very thin and narrow, the windward area is very small, so the wind resistance is very small, especially the right circular photovoltaic line, even if it encounters a typhoon, the photovoltaic line will not twist and vibrate violently, so as to avoid internal hidden crack damage of photovoltaic cell layer. Compared with the current cable structure flexible photovoltaic support system, the cost of anti typhoon is lower.

[0116] Twelve, intermittent light, high speed and high frequency of shadow movement: when the photovoltaic line is suspended in the north-south direction, the shadow can quickly move away from the crops. Some vegetable test experiments made by the applicant show that: the sun is blocked for a while every certain period of time, for example, the sun is blocked for 1-5 minutes every 20-30 minutes, and the sun is blocked and released in this way, so that the shadow of the photovoltaic line blocks and releases the sun more frequently and quickly every day, so that the crops under the photovoltaic line can be intermittently lighted more frequently and for a long time, which basically meets the growth needs of the crops under the photovoltaic line. The experimental data show that: this intermittent light will not affect photosynthesis, but can stimulate the crops to increase yield, and truly realize the complementary win-win of "farming" and "light". BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0117] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an application of the linear photovoltaic system of the present application (example one) on a piece of farmland.

[0118] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the horizontal projection cross-sectional structure of the seven photovoltaic lines in Figure 1

[0119] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the layered dissection structure of a section of right circular photovoltaic line in Figure 1

[0120] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic line structure with a right circular cross section.

[0121] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic line structure with an elliptical cross section (self-stabilizing structure with the load-bearing cable directly above the center of gravity) in the present application (example two).

[0122] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic line structure with a triangular cross section in the present application (example three).

[0123] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic line structure with a right circular cross section in the present application (example four).

[0124] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the right circular photovoltaic line in Figure 7

[0125] Figure 9 ​​​This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic rod and its connection structure in this application (Example 5).

[0126] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic rod with a spiral gap (before it is threaded onto the load-bearing cable) in this application (Example 6).

[0127] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the series connection structure of multiple photovoltaic rods (after being threaded onto the load-bearing cable).

[0128] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic rod with a grooved gap (i.e., a straight gap) in this application (Example 6) (before it is threaded onto the load-bearing cable).

[0129] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a (suspended) photovoltaic rod in this application (Example 7).

[0130] Figure 14 for Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a structure in which multiple photovoltaic rods are suspended on an external load-bearing cable.

[0131] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure in which multiple drip irrigation pipes are embedded within a single photovoltaic line in this application (Example 8).

[0132] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in this application (Example 8) in which a drip irrigation pipe is suspended from a photovoltaic line.

[0133] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure for seven photovoltaic lines arranged at different heights.

[0134] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a lightweight and high-tensile-strength carbon fiber load-bearing cable.

[0135] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a photovoltaic rod is equipped with a supplementary photovoltaic lamp, as described in Embodiment 9 of this application.

[0136] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical photovoltaic rod in this application (Example 5).

[0137] Figure 21 for Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which three tubular photovoltaic rods are connected and used by threading them through a load-bearing cable.

[0138] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure in which eight irrigation water pipes are buried inside a photovoltaic line, which also serves as a low-density filler.

[0139] Figure 23 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic string structure with a cylindrical battery module or flat strip (battery module) hanging under a load-bearing cable (i.e. the load-bearing cable is arranged in the same direction as the flat strip).

[0140] Figure 24 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic net structure with the photovoltaic string and load-bearing cable crossing and binding.

[0141] Figure 25 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic rod Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a cross-section structure of a photovoltaic rod (after being mounted on a load-bearing cable).

[0142] Figure 26 A schematic diagram of an application of a photovoltaic string covering a large area of farmland at a high altitude.

[0143] Figure 27 A schematic diagram of a structure of an eight-prism photovoltaic rod in the present application (Example Ten).

[0144] Figure 28 A schematic diagram of a limiting structure for preventing the photovoltaic rod from sliding.

[0145] Figure 29 A schematic diagram of an application of using a street lamp support as a high-rise support in the present application (Example Eleven).

[0146] Figure 30 A schematic diagram of a structure of a photovoltaic rod Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a structure of a triangular photovoltaic string in the present application (Example Six) with a circular transparent protective tube.

[0147] Figure 31 A schematic diagram of a structure of a semi-cylindrical photovoltaic rod in the present application.

[0148] Figure 32 A schematic diagram of an air-to-water machine using a photovoltaic power generation system for power supply and water irrigation in the present application (Example Twelve).

[0149] Figure 33 A schematic diagram of a structure of a photovoltaic rod Figure 25 A schematic diagram of a cross-section structure of a photovoltaic rod in the present application (Example Four) with the groove gap being filled with a sealing strip.

[0150] Figure 34 A schematic diagram of a cross-section structure of a cylindrical battery module after two semi-cylindrical battery prefabricated components are buckled together.

[0151] Figure 35 A schematic diagram of a cross-section structure of a semi-cylindrical battery module after a semi-cylindrical battery prefabricated component and another semi-cylindrical rod-shaped base are buckled together.

[0152] Figure 36 This is a schematic diagram of a tubular photovoltaic rod structure.

[0153] Figure 37 for Figure 36 A schematic diagram of an end cap for a cylindrical photovoltaic rod.

[0154] Figure 38 This is a schematic diagram of a current connecting component (shackle).

[0155] Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical photovoltaic rod.

[0156] Figure 40 This is a schematic diagram of a triangular prism-shaped photovoltaic rod.

[0157] Figure 41 This diagram illustrates the different distances that photovoltaic lines at different heights and their midday shadows move during the same period.

[0158] Figure 42 for Figure 16 A schematic diagram of a drip irrigation pipe coated with a reflective material.

[0159] Figure 43 This is a schematic diagram of a flat, long photovoltaic line consisting of multiple flat strips (battery modules), each suspended from an external load-bearing cable, which can sway with the wind.

[0160] Figure 44 for Figure 43 A schematic diagram of a structure in which multiple flat strips are pulled by buffer springs onto a stabilizing cable.

[0161] Figure 45 This is a schematic diagram of a structure consisting of numerous flat strips, each lying flat and swaying with the wind, mounted on a single load-bearing cable.

[0162] Figure 46 This is a schematic diagram of a structure consisting of numerous flat strips, each capable of swaying with the wind and lying flat on a single load-bearing cable.

[0163] Figure 47 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a current flexible photovoltaic support system with dual load-bearing cables linked together to stabilize the photovoltaic panel.

[0164] Explanation of reference numerals: 1 - photovoltaic line, 2 - load-bearing cable, 201 - external load-bearing cable, 202 - cable hole, 203 - stabilizing cable, 3 - photovoltaic cell layer, 4 - transparent protective layer, 5 - thickened filler, 501 - cable shell back plate layer, 6 - high-rise support, 601 - support crossbeam, 7 - crop, 8 - farmland, 9 - shadow, 10 - sun, 11 - photovoltaic rod, 12 - connecting wire, 13 - connecting member, 14 - spiral gap, 15 - groove gap, 16 - hanging member, 17 - sunlight, 18 - water pipe, 19 - water droplet, 20 - sprayed water, 21 - light supplementing electric lamp, 22 - photovoltaic cell piece, 23 - R-angle guard strip, 24 - thin-film photovoltaic cell, 25 - large agricultural machine, 26 - power supply wire, 27 - non-power generation area, 28 - limiting piece (i.e. fastener / clamp, etc.), 29 - rod-shaped base body, 30 - flat plate strip (cell module), 31 - circular transparent protective tube, 32 - air water machine, 33 - sealing strip, 34 - cell prefabricated part, 35 - end cover, 36 - weight, 37 - air (space), 38 - light-reflecting object, 39 - buffer spring, 40 - lever, 41 - connecting device, 42 - (wide) photovoltaic panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0165] To make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects realized by the present application easy to understand, the following further describes the present application in combination with specific embodiments.

[0166] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. It should also be noted that for the convenience of description, the present application defines the length direction of the photovoltaic line as the longitudinal direction, and the direction perpendicular thereto as the transverse direction or left and right.

[0167] It should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "communication", etc. should be understood broadly, for example, "communication" can be electrical communication, and can also be direct connection. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0168] Embodiment one.

[0169] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 26As shown in the figure, thousands of photovoltaic lines 1 are erected in the air above a piece of thousands of mu of farmland 8 (such as wheat field or vegetable field or corn field or orchard) in the north-south direction, with a distance of 30-50 meters from the ground and an interval of 0.5-1 meter.

[0170] First, wrap a layer of photovoltaic cells 3 (in other words, lay a layer of photovoltaic cells composed of a large number of photovoltaic cells in the angular range of 360° around the (special) load-bearing cable 2) on a (preferably high tensile strength of more than 1200 MPa) load-bearing cable 2, such as a φ15.2x3 galvanized prestressed steel strand, high-strength fiber rope, carbon fiber cable, aramid cable, glass fiber cable, steel wire rope, lightweight pipe, etc. (special) load-bearing cable 2, and make a kind of (a special load-bearing cable 2 built-in) cylindrical cell module - photovoltaic line 1. Preferably, thin-film photovoltaic cells are used as photovoltaic cell layer 3, thereby making a kind of (a special load-bearing cable 2 built-in) cylindrical cell module - photovoltaic line 1. Thin-film photovoltaic cells (also known as thin-film solar cells) are a very flexible photovoltaic cell that can be cut into various shapes and sizes. Common shapes include long strips (such as Figure 27 As shown, cadmium telluride thin-film photovoltaic cells are a mature thin-film photovoltaic cell technology and product, usually composed of cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film. This thin film can be made into a very thin layer on the substrate, making the cell flexible and bendable. This feature allows cadmium telluride thin-film photovoltaic cells to be used to manufacture flexible solar panels, suitable for applications that require bending or curved designs. The invention patent technology product "cadmium telluride thin-film solar cell (CN111341859B)" of Zhejiang University and Longyan Energy Technology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., and the patent product "thin-film battery module, perovskite battery module and photovoltaic system (CN117295349A)" of (Changzhou, Jiangsu) Sunwatt Co., Ltd., as well as CIGS thin-film solar cells, have been mass-produced and are mature commercial products, which will not be described here. In specific implementation, it can be ordered from the manufacturer. It is worth looking forward to that Nature has published the latest research results of Longi "high-toughness high-power solar cells thinner than A4 paper" have been manufactured. The battery can be rolled up at will, especially suitable for packaging photovoltaic line 1 in this application. In specific implementation, it can be ordered from the manufacturer.

[0171] Preferably, a Figure 18 As shown in the figure, a circular high-performance fiber rope with a cross-sectional diameter of 80 mm is used, such as a carbon fiber rope. Carbon fiber is a new material with excellent mechanical properties, with a specific gravity less than 1 / 4 of steel, and a tensile strength of carbon fiber resin composite generally above 350 OMpa, which is 7-9 times that of steel, and a tensile elastic modulus of 23000-43000 Mpa, which is also higher than that of steel. Therefore, as Figure 18As shown, the low-density filler 5 can be omitted, leaving only the load-bearing cable 2 and its cable shell backing layer 501. This high-performance fiber rope is a mature commercial product and will not be described in detail here. When needed, it can be customized or purchased from the relevant manufacturer.

[0172] The second step is to cover the photovoltaic cell layer 3 with a transparent protective layer 4. For example, a transparent outer jacket such as the transparent protective layer 4 can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). PTFE has excellent properties such as corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and high toughness. It not only protects the photovoltaic cell module and allows it to receive sunlight, but also has flexibility, enabling bending of the cell module. This PTFE transparent outer jacket can be made using a circular transparent protective tube 31, which is a mature commercially available product and will not be elaborated upon here. When needed, it can be ordered or purchased from the relevant manufacturers.

[0173] The third step involves manufacturing a photovoltaic line 1 (PV 1) with a diameter of 100mm, using the existing cable manufacturing process for a 100mm diameter cable. This PV 1 has a diameter of D (ideally 100mm), and all its cylindrical surfaces are exposed to sunlight. Regardless of wind vibrations (torsion, swaying, or random movement), each PV 1 will always have a photovoltaic cell layer 3 facing the sun 10, capable of generating electricity. This is a (perfectly circular) cylindrical cell module. This results in a cable-shaped photovoltaic cell assembly – the photovoltaic line 1. The photovoltaic line 1 includes at least one dedicated load-bearing cable 2, a 360° photovoltaic cell layer 3 surrounding the load-bearing cable 2, and a transparent protective layer 4. It avoids the problem of fluctuating sunlight incidence angles caused by the random movement of the photovoltaic line 1. The cross-section of the photovoltaic line 1 is preferably as follows: Figure 4 The example shown is a perfect circle. This is also possible (but not recommended). Figure 5 The ellipse shown Figure 6 The triangle shown Figure 8 The shapes shown can be square, (approaching a circle) polygonal, or near-circular shapes with the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 as the center line; where D ≤ 10mm or 20mm or 30mm or 50mm or 100mm or 200mm or 300mm or 500mm or 680mm or 880mm or 2580mm, etc., any suitable thickness; the optimal size D is 10mm to 100mm. Depending on the specific application and scenario, photovoltaic wires 1 can also be manufactured in various series and specifications. For example, photovoltaic wires 1 can be made as thin as chopsticks (e.g., 10mm thick) or as thick as a bucket (e.g., 300mm thick).

[0174] It is particularly important to note that the study found that only the photovoltaic wire 1 with a cross section of a perfect circle (i.e., a perfect cylindrical surface cell module) emits electricity with the most stable output voltage and current, and will not produce unstable voltage and current fluctuations that follow when the photovoltaic wire 1 is twisted and wind shaken (including fluctuations such as shaking, swinging, etc.) by the wind. The reason is that the amount of light received by the cylindrical surface photovoltaic wire 1 does not change significantly due to shaking and other movements. On the contrary, if the cross section of the photovoltaic wire 1 is elliptical, triangular, square, polygonal, or other non-circular shape, the photovoltaic wire 1 will move randomly when blown by the wind, which will cause the angle of incidence of sunlight to change significantly, and the electricity generated will be accompanied by wind vibration (shaking, swinging) of the photovoltaic wire 1, resulting in fluctuating voltage and current, which will inevitably be difficult to transport and use. Therefore, in specific implementation, it is strongly recommended to use a photovoltaic wire 1 with a cross section close to a perfect circle, and it is not recommended to use a photovoltaic wire 1 with a non-circular cross section.

[0175] Of course, photovoltaic wire 1 with a cross section of a triangle, square, polygon, or other non-circular shape can still be used in some scenarios, such as when the span L is very small, e.g., 10-20 m, the angle of inclination of a certain photovoltaic cell layer 3 on the photovoltaic wire 1 can be artificially set to 20°, so that it is not affected by wind and other changes. Thus, it can be used for power generation in small span L scenarios. In other words, in large span L scenarios, the orientation of the photovoltaic wire 1 cannot be artificially adjusted and fixed, so non-circular photovoltaic wire 1 is not suitable.

[0176] On the other hand, the photovoltaic wire 1 with a cross section of a perfect circle, even if the wind is very strong, will only swing and shake at a low frequency because it is an axisymmetric structure, so the wind from all directions will not form a torque on the photovoltaic wire 1. As a result, the photovoltaic wire 1 will be very durable and can guarantee 20 years of non-fatigue, non-aging, and non-fracture, and the current generated will be stable and easy to use.

[0177] In contrast, the cable structure flexible photovoltaic support technology in the background art uses two (special) bearing cables and one stabilizing cable to support a two-dimensional planar photovoltaic cell panel. When the planar photovoltaic cell panel is subjected to wind from all directions at high altitudes, it will inevitably form a torque, making it prone to twisting, wind vibration, and changes in the angle of incidence of sunlight, resulting in large instantaneous current fluctuations. In summary, only the photovoltaic wire 1 with a cross section of a perfect circle can overcome the difficulties of high-altitude erection, high installation cost, difficult cleaning and maintenance, short service life, easy twisting / wind vibration, large power fluctuations, and the difficulty of low-cost exploitation of surplus solar energy resources in the sky. The many defects of farmland.

[0178] Fourthly, the numerous photovoltaic wires 1 made in the above steps are hung over the farmland 8 through the high-rise supports 6 (similar to the electric wire towers / poles) such as the supporting columns or the hanging cable towers, etc. The height H of the photovoltaic wires 1 from the top of the crops 7 (such as coconut trees, etc.) can be set as 20 meters, the span L of the single span of the photovoltaic wires 1 can be set as 500-1000 meters, and the distance K between the horizontal projections of the photovoltaic wires 1 (on the farmland 8) is preferably set as 1.2-2.4 meters. For example, H can be set as ≥5m or 10m or 20m or 30m or 50m, in general, the height H should be high enough to ensure that the top of the crops 7 will not touch the photovoltaic wires 1. L can also be set as ≥10m or 20m or 50m or 100m or 500m or 1000m, in general, the span L should be large enough to reduce the number of high-rise supports 6, reduce the surface area of the pile foundation, and avoid serious interference with the operation of large agricultural machinery 25. K is preferably set as ≥1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m, in general, the width of the shadow 9 of the photovoltaic wires 1 should be appropriately reduced, the light requirement for the growth of the crops 7 should be ensured to the minimum extent, and the yield reduction caused by uneven light should be avoided.

[0179] In order to reduce the number of pile foundations, save the surface area, and also to ensure that the photovoltaic wires 1 can be erected along the north-south direction, in the specific implementation, the supporting beams 601 in the high-rise supports 6 can also not use rigid beams, but use flexible beams, such as very thick steel ropes (not shown in the figure).

[0180] It should be noted that in the specific implementation, the thickness size D of the photovoltaic wires 1 should be appropriately reduced, and the horizontal distance of the photovoltaic wires 1 should be appropriately increased, so that the ratio of the thickness size D of the photovoltaic wires 1 to the distance K between the horizontal projections of the photovoltaic wires 1 (on the farmland 8) is: D / K≤0.01 or 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.05 or 0.10 or 0.20 or 0.30 or 0.5 or 1 or 2 or 3, so that the shadow 9 of the same photovoltaic wire 1 quickly (for example, within 5 minutes) moves across the same crop 7 (preferably moving a thickness size D within 5 minutes) as the sun 10 moves, so as to avoid the same crop 7 staying in the shadow 9 of the same photovoltaic wire 1 for a long time (for example, more than 30 minutes) to reduce photosynthesis and cause the crops 7 to reduce yield due to uneven light. Research has found that the length of time that the shadow 9 stays on (i.e., covers) the same crop 7 is inversely proportional to H and proportional to D. As can be seen, in order to reduce the impact of shadows and uneven light on crop growth, the hanging height H of the photovoltaic wires 1 should be as high as possible, and the thickness D of the photovoltaic wires 1 should be as small as possible. Preferably, H is selected as 2-30m, and the thickness size D is selected as 3-10cm.

[0181] Preferably, in order to ensure that the distance K between the horizontal projections (i.e., the shadows 9) of the photovoltaic wires 1 on the farmland 8 is relatively small, and at the same time, to avoid the photovoltaic wires 1 from colliding with each other when they are swung left and right by the strong wind, the following measures can be taken, such as Figure 17The staggered three-dimensional erection method shown makes them staggered with each other. In order to avoid the higher photovoltaic line 1 (at a certain time of the day) from blocking the sun of the lower photovoltaic line 1, causing intermittent fluctuations in the output current of the power generation system, it is best to make the height difference Δh of the two adjacent cables ≤0.5K or 0.25K or 0.15K, where K is the horizontal spacing of the photovoltaic line 1. In this way, it is possible that the upper cable will block the sun of the lower cable when the morning sun just comes out in the morning and the west sun is oblique when the sun is about to set, but at this time the photovoltaic power generation system has not started to generate electricity, so it does not matter whether it is blocked or not.

[0182] It is also preferred that, in order to set the largest possible area of the photovoltaic cell layer 3 in the unit length of the photovoltaic line 1, to reduce the cost per kilowatt-hour, some thickening filler 5 (such as filling low-density thickening filler such as polyurethane rigid foam with very low density and high hardness, air, vacuum, etc.) can be filled between the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 and the photovoltaic cell layer 3, the thickness of the photovoltaic line 1 is increased by increasing the thickness D of the photovoltaic line 1, to expand the settable area of the photovoltaic cell layer 3, thereby greatly increasing the light receiving area per unit length of the photovoltaic line 1 and reducing the power generation cost per unit length.

[0183] It is also preferred that a 0.5mm thick plastic shell (which can be called a cable shell) of a certain stiffness is extruded around the thickening filler 5 by a plastic extruder, so as to serve as the foundation for laying the photovoltaic cell layer 3 - the cable shell backboard layer 501. In summary, the photovoltaic line 1 preferably includes at least (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2, thickening filler 5, cable shell backboard layer 501, photovoltaic cell layer 3, transparent protective layer 4 and other structural layers from inside to outside. The advantage of this structure is that the filler 5 and the cable shell backboard layer 501 can be used as a thickened load-bearing cable - a rod (cable) shaped base 29, which can be ordered from a professional load-bearing cable manufacturer, and then the flexible thin-film photovoltaic cell 24 can be wrapped and attached to the rod-shaped base 29, and finally the transparent protective layer 4 can be covered to encapsulate and manufacture a photovoltaic line 1. It should be noted that the thickening filler 5 is preferably a very thick low-density filler material, and of course it can also be other solid but not thick materials.

[0184] It is also preferred that, in order to stabilize the high-rise support 6, necessary facilities such as load-bearing stay cables and wind-resistant stay cables should be added in accordance with the background technology of the 5 patents. In order to stabilize the photovoltaic line 1 and improve the wind resistance, several transverse elastic thin ropes - commonly known as elastic bands can be pulled up to be used as dampers to prevent resonance and collective collapse.

[0185] Research shows that the length of time that the shadow 9 stays on (i.e. blocks) the same plant 7 is also roughly inversely proportional to H and proportional to D. Taking Xinying District, Haikou City as an example, see Figure 41, h2 is 50 meters high, the shadow moving speed of the north-south photovoltaic line 1 at noon (11 o'clock) on March 4th is 68 cm / min, and the moving distance during the same period is s2; if the height h1 of the photovoltaic line 1 is reduced to 4.6 meters, the shadow 9 moving speed will be reduced to 2.5 cm / min, and the moving distance during the same period is s1. From Figure 41 It can be seen that the distance S2 of the shadow 9 of the higher h2 photovoltaic line 1 moves during the same noon period is obviously much larger than the distance S2 of the shadow 9 of the lower h1 photovoltaic line 1 moves. In order to make the crops 7 under the photovoltaic line 1 receive sunlight 10 for a long time and grow normally, the shading coefficient D / K should be as small as possible, and the erection height H of the photovoltaic line 1 should be as high as possible.

[0186] In order to ensure the length of light and the intensity of light, and to ensure the needs of normal photosynthesis of crops 1, the height H of the photovoltaic line 1 can be increased to 15 meters, D is selected as 200 mm, K is selected as 800 mm, the shading coefficient D / K is reduced, and the shading coefficient D / K = 0.25. As shown in Figures 1-2 , the shadows 9 of the adjacent multiple (for example, 7) north-south photovoltaic lines 1 move from west to east every day, and block the sunlight of the same crop 7 multiple times (for example, 7 times), so that the crop 7 can be intermittently illuminated multiple times and for a long time (for example, more than 80% of the total daytime every day). Research has found that such intermittent illumination of crops every day by constantly blocking, releasing, blocking again, and releasing again does not affect growth, but actually increases yield.

[0187] Example two.

[0188] As shown in Figure 5 , referring to the above example steps, an elliptical cylindrical (or a right cylindrical or a triangular cylindrical, etc.) photovoltaic line 1 or photovoltaic rod 11 (as shown in Figure 25 ) is made, which is used to form an inverted suspension (self-stabilizing) structure; the area without a photovoltaic cell layer 3 (i.e., a non-power generation area 27) always faces the ground and cannot be blown by the wind to turn to the sun, thereby saving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer 3 and reducing the cost of the photovoltaic line 1.

[0189] Preferably, as shown in Figure 33 , after the photovoltaic rod 11 is mounted on the (special) load-bearing cable 2, a piece of hard foam or other material prefabricated for plugging is inserted into the groove gap 15 to plug the groove gap 15 and press and fix the (special) load-bearing cable 2. The plug 33 described herein can be any component that can plug or block or seal or cover the gap.

[0190] Example three.

[0191] As shown in Figure 6As shown, referring to the above two examples, a flexible thin film photovoltaic cell 24 can be wrapped around more than two-thirds of the surface (i.e. the wrapping angle range is more than 240°) of the triangular prism-shaped rod-shaped base 29 (e.g. a plastic hollow triangular prism), preferably the entire surface (i.e. the wrapping angle range is 360°), as the photovoltaic cell layer 3. For example, the thin film photovoltaic cell 24 is laid on more than 67% or even 100% of the surface. Of course, the photovoltaic cell layer 3 can not be laid on the bottom of the triangular prism.

[0192] In order to be able to start the photovoltaic power generation project of the present application simply, quickly and at low cost, and to avoid affecting the construction speed due to the long production, development and shaping period of the cylindrical photovoltaic wire 1, a current narrow photovoltaic cell panel can be pasted on the two waist edges of the triangular prism as the photovoltaic cell layer 3. Then, as shown, Figure 30 the transparent protective tube 31 is further sleeved as the transparent protective layer 4, thereby encapsulating a cylindrical photovoltaic wire 1 with a triangular prism-shaped photovoltaic cell layer 3 inside and a circular transparent protective tube 31 outside. In this way, the cylindrical photovoltaic wire 1 has the advantages of small wind resistance, not easy to be wind shaken, not easy to swing, etc. Even if the wind is very strong, the wind from all directions will not form a torque on the photovoltaic wire 1, so it will only swing and sway at low frequency, and will not twist, thereby stable power generation can be achieved.

[0193] Example Four.

[0194] As shown, Figure 7 , Figure 8 referring to the above steps one to three, the photovoltaic cell pieces 22 are pasted around the square prism-shaped rod-shaped base 29 (e.g. a plastic square tube) with a side width of 130 mm (i.e. the wrapping angle range is 360°) and are connected in series to form the photovoltaic cell layer 3 (i.e. the photovoltaic cell is laid on 100% of the surface), thereby making a square prism-shaped photovoltaic wire 1.

[0195] In practice, the manufacturer of the photovoltaic cell can be asked to provide 125mm x 125mm photovoltaic cell pieces 22 with a transparent protective layer 4 and a special structural adhesive (RTV). The photovoltaic cell pieces 22 are then pasted onto the four corners of the square column-shaped rod-shaped base 29 using the special structural adhesive, and are connected in series or / and in parallel to form a photovoltaic cell group. Preferably, an R-angle protective strip 23 with a certain curvature is pasted on the four corners of the rod-shaped base 29. If a thinner square column-shaped photovoltaic wire 1 is needed, for example, a 60mm square column-shaped photovoltaic wire 1, the manufacturer of the photovoltaic cell can be asked to provide 55mm x 125mm photovoltaic cell pieces 22 and a special structural adhesive. The photovoltaic cell pieces 22 are then pasted onto the four corners of the square column-shaped rod-shaped base 29 using the special structural adhesive, and are connected in series or / and in parallel to form a photovoltaic cell group, thereby forming a square column-shaped photovoltaic wire 1.

[0196] Example Five.

[0197] As shown in Figure 9 , Figure 39 , Figure 40 , a cylindrical or triangular prism-shaped battery module, photovoltaic rod 11, is packaged according to the above steps one to four. The photovoltaic rod 11 includes at least a rod-shaped base 29, a photovoltaic cell layer 3, and a transparent protective layer 4. A cylindrical or triangular prism-shaped photovoltaic rod 11 (i.e. a cylindrical battery module) or a semi-cylindrical photovoltaic rod 11 (see Figure 31 ) can also be made, which has a connecting member 13 (such as a shackle as shown in Figure 38 ) at each end for hooking and connecting the photovoltaic rods 11 arranged in a straight line into a chain structure. This design can support the photovoltaic wire 1 with a span of L without the need for a conventional (special) load-bearing cable 2, but can be supported by a (lock) chain formed by the connection of adjacent connecting members 13, i.e. a segment of super-short load-bearing cable 2. It is particularly emphasized that the load-bearing cable 2 includes a (lock) chain formed by the connection of adjacent connecting members 13, and a segment of super-short load-bearing cable 2. Each shorter photovoltaic rod 11 is a cylindrical battery module, which can also be referred to as a photovoltaic power generation tube or a photovoltaic power generation cylinder. Figure 7 Figure 8 A square column-shaped photovoltaic wire 1 can also be made as shown in Figure 20 , Figure 21 ​The photovoltaic power tube or photovoltaic power cylinder shown can be regarded as a photovoltaic rod 11 with thickened filler 5 which is hollow (commonly known as hollow). This cylindrical or tubular photovoltaic rod 11 can facilitate low-investment equipment production of small-scale photovoltaic cell factories, for example, purchasing some thin-film photovoltaic cells 24 from professional manufacturers, wrapping them in a plastic tube (for example, a cylinder made of two or three tile-shaped cell panels) with an outer diameter of 80 mm, and then wrapping them in a transparent outer cover to easily manufacture photovoltaic rods 11 for small users to purchase and use. Preferably, as shown in Figure 36 、 Figure 37 The end caps 35 are provided with a hole 202 for the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2. The end caps 35 are used to block the end ports to prevent rodents and birds from nesting in the photovoltaic rod 11. In order to prevent the photovoltaic rod 11 from twisting / sliding and turning / pulling the wire, a limiting piece 28 can be used to clamp the photovoltaic rod 11 to be fixed to the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2.

[0198] Example six.

[0199] As shown in Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 For ease of production and installation, a spiral gap 14 or groove gap 15 can be provided on the photovoltaic rod 11 for the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 to pass through. In this way, it is convenient for small-scale photovoltaic cell factories to produce with low investment equipment, and it is convenient for small users to purchase photovoltaic rods 11 for power generation. For example, individual users can purchase them home and then use them by clamping clothesline or other ropes into the spiral gap 14 or groove gap 15 in front of the door or behind the house. The use is very simple and convenient, without the need for fixing, without the fear of wind blowing, and without occupying space. Of course, as shown in Figure 34 , two or three cell prefabricated components 34 that can form a cylindrical cell module can be prefabricated in advance and assembled on the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 for use. As shown in Figure 35 , a half-cylindrical cell prefabricated component 34 and a half-cylindrical rod-shaped base body 29 can be prefabricated and assembled into a photovoltaic rod 11 with a right circular shape, with the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 passing through the center and a weight 36 added at the bottom to move the center of gravity of the photovoltaic rod 11 downward, thereby forming an inverted suspension structure. In other words, the photovoltaic rod 11 is a cylindrical cell module composed of a half-cylindrical cell prefabricated component 34 and a half-cylindrical rod-shaped base body 29, with the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 at the center and the center of gravity below the center to form an inverted suspension structure, relying on the weight to automatically face the sun.

[0200] Example seven.

[0201] As shown in Figure 13 、 Figure 14As shown, for the purpose of production and installation, a built-in (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 is made close to the upper eccentric photovoltaic rod 11 to form an inverted suspension structure, which is fixed by gravity and hung (i.e. fixed) in the same direction with the external (dedicated) load-bearing cable 201 through the suspension member 16, and the connecting wire 12 is connected for use. The photovoltaic rod 11 is provided with a (suspension) connecting member 16 and a connecting wire 12 at both ends, and the photovoltaic rod 11 is basically parallel to the external (dedicated) load-bearing cable 201, and preferably the distance Y between the photovoltaic rod 11 and the external (dedicated) load-bearing cable 201 is ≤0 or 10mm or 25mm or 50mm or 500mm. Research shows that the distance Y is 0 is the best, in other words, the photovoltaic rod 11 is close to the external (dedicated) load-bearing cable 201, which is the least likely to be wind shaken. Although this scheme can be implemented, it is not a preferred embodiment. In this way, it is convenient for small-scale photovoltaic cell factories to produce with low investment equipment, and it is convenient for small users to purchase and use photovoltaic rods 11 to generate electricity.

[0202] Of course, as shown, Figure 23 a cylindrical cell module or a flat strip 30 (i.e. flat strip or tile) cell module without (built-in dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 in each rod is hung (i.e. one of the bearing modes) longitudinally under the external (dedicated) load-bearing cable 201 through the suspension member 16, so that it can be blown by the wind to reduce wind resistance. In other words, as shown, Figure 43 a plurality of flat strips 30 are connected in series with the external load-bearing cable 201 to form a photovoltaic wire 1 that can be blown by the wind (around the external load-bearing cable 201). In other words, each flat strip 30 is hung on the external load-bearing cable 201, and there is no linkage between them. Each flat strip 30 can be blown by the wind independently; the movement of one flat strip 30 will not synchronize with the movement of another flat strip 30, that is, each flat strip 30 can be blown by the wind independently, and will not be linked, but will be blown asynchronously, thereby avoiding resonance damage. As shown, Figure 44 each flat strip 30 is pulled on the stabilizing cable 203 with a buffer spring 39 to prevent the flat strip 30 from being blown to an angle greater than a set value and to keep the flat strip 30 at a set angle when there is no wind.

[0203] As shown, Figure 45As shown, each of the plurality of flat plate strips 30 is installed horizontally (including horizontal installation with a certain angle) on the same load-bearing cable 2 through the connecting device 41, so that each flat plate strip 30 can sway relative to the load-bearing cable 2 under the action of strong wind to buffer the wind force and enhance the wind resistance. Each flat plate strip 30 is provided with at least one buffering mechanism, including but not limited to the buffering spring 39 or the lever 40 mechanism, which can effectively reduce the swing amplitude of the flat plate strip 30 when encountering strong wind, thereby protecting the flat plate strip 30 from excessive stress, and automatically assisting the flat plate strip 30 to reset to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong wind.

[0204] Preferably, as shown, each of the plurality of flat plate strips 30 is installed horizontally (including horizontal installation with a certain angle) on the same load-bearing cable 2 through the connecting device 41, so that each flat plate strip 30 can sway relative to the load-bearing cable 2 under the action of strong wind to buffer the wind force and enhance the wind resistance. Each flat plate strip 30 is provided with at least one buffering mechanism, including but not limited to the buffering spring 39 or the lever 40 mechanism, which can effectively reduce the swing amplitude of the flat plate strip 30 when encountering strong wind, thereby protecting the flat plate strip 30 from excessive stress, and automatically assisting the flat plate strip 30 to reset to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong wind. Figure 46

[0205] As described above, the flat plate strips 30 constituting the photovoltaic line 1 in the present application are in a separated structure and are not connected to each other. The violent swing of one flat plate strip 30 will not be transmitted to other flat plate strips 30 through the load-bearing cable 2. In the photovoltaic line 2 of hundreds of meters long, each flat plate strip 30 will be subjected to strong wind from multiple strands, multiple phases and multiple directions at the same time. The direction and resultant force will inevitably offset each other and be difficult to superimpose and enhance each other, thus being difficult to form destructive power. Therefore, the dynamic wind resistance cost of the present application is extremely low. The prior art flexible support photovoltaic power station scheme such as "A desertification control system of a large-span flexible support photovoltaic power station (CN219812768U)" and the like, as shown, uses "two load-bearing cables" to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 42, and each photovoltaic panel 42 is connected to each other. The photovoltaic panel 42 has no swing freedom, and the twist of one photovoltaic panel 42 will inevitably pull another photovoltaic panel 42 connected thereto and resonate, thus being difficult to resist strong wind and being prone to damage. Figure 47 Figure 44 As shown in the embodiment of the present application, it has passed the actual test of the No. 11 super typhoon Mekkh in 2024.

[0206] Of course, as shown in Figure 24 ​​As shown, a plurality of photovoltaic wires 1 (with built-in dedicated load-bearing cables 2 or without built-in dedicated load-bearing cables 2) are transversely arranged (such as hanging or placing or binding and other bearing modes) on the external (dedicated) load-bearing cables 201. That is, the photovoltaic wires 1 and the external (dedicated) load-bearing cables 201 are fixedly crossed to form a photovoltaic net; in general, a plurality of photovoltaic wires 1 (or with their load-bearing cables 2) can be arranged in a crisscross (also known as interlaced) manner to form a photovoltaic net suspended in the air (also known as hanging in the air). The technical solution of the combination of internal and external cables can reduce the diameter of the built-in (dedicated) load-bearing cables 2 and reduce the cost, which is a preferred embodiment.

[0207] Embodiment eight.

[0208] As shown in Figure 15 , Figure 16 , an irrigation water pipe 18 is attached (externally hung or pre-buried) on the photovoltaic wire 1, connected to the existing drip irrigation / sprinkler system to realize the function of photovoltaic power generation, water transportation and irrigation in one. The existing drip irrigation / sprinkler system is also a mature commercial product, which will not be described here. When needed, it can be ordered from the relevant manufacturers or cooperated with professional manufacturers for construction. In this way, the technical solution of the present application not only utilizes the sunlight 17 above the farmland 8 for photovoltaic power generation, but also utilizes the water transportation pipe 18 in the photovoltaic wire 1 for irrigation of the farmland 8, such as drip irrigation of crops using a very thin and light 8mm inner diameter plastic water transportation pipe 18, realizing the function of agricultural, photovoltaic and irrigation complementation. It is worth mentioning that when the photovoltaic wire 1 is high enough, for example, H is 10-100 meters, the water droplets 19 will fall like fine rain, uniformly floating down to moisten the farmland 8.

[0209] Further preferably, as shown in Figure 22 , a measure of one thing with three uses and complementary functions is taken, a batch of 16mm diameter national standard PE water dripping pipes 18 and their seven standby water dripping pipes 18 are purchased, which are used as low-density thickening fillers 5, and are buried in the photovoltaic wire 1 to increase the size D of the photovoltaic wire 1 and expand the settable area of the photovoltaic cell layer 3. Since the water pipe is easy to block, in order to ensure that the photovoltaic wire 1 can be irrigated for a long life cycle of 20 years, the seven standby irrigation water pipes 18 also play the role of low-density fillers 5 and spare tires. This design does not use the simple method of burying a thick water pipe, but uses the ingenious method of burying multiple thin water pipes 18 for standby, which is a wonderful idea and produces the beneficial technical effect of one thing with three uses.

[0210] Further preferably, as shown in Figure 42As shown, a reflective material 38, such as a white matte coating, is applied to the drip irrigation pipe 18 suspended near the bottom of the photovoltaic rod 11. This reflects ambient light to the bottom of the photovoltaic rod 11 (i.e., the shaded area), thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic rod 11. In specific implementations, the reflective material 38 can also be an additional thin reflective material, such as aluminum foil, white cloth, foam board, or aluminized film; of course, it is best to use a reflective material for two purposes, such as using a water pipe with a reflective surface as a reflective material.

[0211] Example 9.

[0212] like Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 19 As shown, supplementary photovoltaic lights 21 (commonly known as plant growth lights) and their power supply wires 26 are attached (externally mounted or embedded) to the photovoltaic line 1, connected to the agricultural power grid, simulating sunlight to help crops carry out photosynthesis and promote growth, thus realizing the four-in-one agricultural-photovoltaic complementary function of photovoltaic power generation, nighttime supplementary lighting, and water supply and irrigation. In this way, the technical solution of this application can not only utilize the surplus sunlight 17 above the cultivated land 8 for photovoltaic power generation, but also use the water supply pipe in the photovoltaic line 1 to irrigate the cultivated land 8, and use the supplementary photovoltaic lights 21 to provide supplementary lighting for light-loving crops 7 at night to promote the photosynthesis and growth of crops 7.

[0213] Preferably, a heating element such as an electrothermal film (not shown) is attached to the photovoltaic line 1, which is connected to the power grid. If necessary, it is used to melt the snow and ice on it by heating with electric current to prevent it from being crushed.

[0214] Preferably, a speaker (not shown in the figure) such as a ceramic plate is attached to the photovoltaic line 1 and connected to a broadcasting system. When necessary, it is used to play sounds (including ultrasonic waves and disturbing sounds such as predator calls) to scare away birds or rodents, or to play music that the crop likes to promote the growth of the crop 7.

[0215] Example 10.

[0216] like Figure 27 As shown, a batch of octagonal prism-shaped (preferably 16-128 prism injection-molded) tubes—rod-shaped bases 29—with a diameter D of 100mm and a length of 1200mm and sealed at both ends, along with their transparent outer jackets, are ordered from a plastics manufacturer. A batch of flat strips 30, 35mm wide and 210mm long, are then ordered from a photovoltaic cell manufacturer. These strips are then attached one by one to the eight faces of the octagonal prism-shaped (injection-molded or blow-molded) tubes (i.e., rod-shaped bases 29) (i.e., a 360° circumferential angle), and covered with a transparent outer jacket as a transparent protective layer 4. They are then connected in parallel and series to form a cylindrical battery module, thus creating individual photovoltaic rods 11. The user can then thread them through the cable hole 202 onto the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 and connect the connecting wire 12 to form a long photovoltaic line 1.

[0217] To prevent the photovoltaic rod 11 from sliding due to wind and to avoid breaking the connecting wire 12, it can be done as follows: Figure 28 As shown, at regular intervals, a limiting component 28 is installed on the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2, such as a limiting clip, limiting pin, limiting clamp, limiter, or other fastener.

[0218] Example 11.

[0219] To save on the construction cost of the tall supporting structure 6, in practice, existing structures such as utility poles, transmission towers, streetlights, mountains, riverbanks, high-rise buildings, and dams can be used to erect photovoltaic lines 1. For example... Figure 29 As shown, to save on the construction and operating costs of streetlights, multiple photovoltaic lines 1 can be installed side-by-side on urban streetlight poles, using the poles as tall supports 6 to achieve a comprehensive application of streetlight construction, operation, and photovoltaic power generation. This not only saves on streetlight construction and operating costs but also allows for free use of land designated for photovoltaic power generation.

[0220] Example 12.

[0221] like Figure 32 As shown, based on the previous example, an air-to-water generator 32 is installed in or next to the cultivated land 8 (e.g., on the field ridge). The output end of the photovoltaic power generation system is electrically connected to the air-to-water generator 32 via the power supply wire 26, and the irrigation water pipe 18 is connected to the air-to-water generator 32. The generated air-to-water can then be used to irrigate the crops 7 in the cultivated land 8. In short: receiving sunlight to generate electricity, producing air-to-water for irrigation, nourishing the earth and ensuring the growth of crops, thus guaranteeing both energy and food security. The air-to-water generator 32 is a mature commercial product, and can be purchased in conjunction with products such as the "Improved Air-to-Water Generator (CN207865768U)" produced by Shenzhen Funengda Air and Water Technology Development Co., Ltd. Specific technical details will not be elaborated here.

[0222] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this application. The accompanying drawings are only schematic diagrams and are not drawn to scale. They cannot be used to limit the scope of this application. Equivalent variations made based on the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A linear photovoltaic system, characterized in that it include: ① A photovoltaic cell module encapsulated into a linear shape—a photovoltaic wire; the photovoltaic wire includes at least a load-bearing cable, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic cell layer is disposed on the load-bearing cable, and the transparent protective layer covers the photovoltaic cell layer; the thickness D of the photovoltaic wire is ≤680mm; ② A tall supporting structure and numerous photovoltaic lines arranged at intervals suspended above the ground; the height of the photovoltaic line is H, the span of a single photovoltaic line is L, and the spacing of the horizontal projection of the photovoltaic line is K; wherein, H≥2m, L≥10m, K≥0.5m; ③ The shadow cast by the photovoltaic line on the ground, including the horizontal projection; wherein, the ratio of the thickness D of the photovoltaic line to the spacing K of the horizontal projection of the photovoltaic line is the shading coefficient: D / K≤3.

2. The linear photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are surrounded around the load-bearing cable, thus forming a load-bearing cable-embedded photovoltaic line; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are fixed to the load-bearing cable, thus forming a load-bearing cable-external photovoltaic line; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are encapsulated into a flat strip and fixed to the load-bearing cable, thus forming a flat strip photovoltaic line supported by the load-bearing cable.

3. The linear photovoltaic system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Photovoltaic lines can be cylindrical, flat strips, or polygonal prisms with n sides, where n ≥ 3.

4. The linear photovoltaic system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic lines are installed in the same direction as their supporting cables and suspended in the air; or, the photovoltaic lines are installed in a staggered manner so that they are staggered and suspended in the air, wherein the height difference Δh between two adjacent cables is ≤0.5K, 0.25K, or 0.15K.

5. The linear photovoltaic system according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, It includes any one or more of the following ① to ⑩: ① A relatively long photovoltaic line within the span L of a single span is composed of multiple shorter photovoltaic lines connected together; each shorter photovoltaic line is hereinafter referred to as a photovoltaic rod. ② An irrigation water pipe is attached to the photovoltaic line, and the photovoltaic line and the irrigation water pipe share the same load-bearing cable and its tall support structure; ③ A supplementary photovoltaic lamp is installed on the photovoltaic line. The photovoltaic line, the supplementary photovoltaic lamp and their power supply wires share the same load-bearing cable and its tall support structure to provide supplementary light to light-loving crops at night. ④ A thickening filler is filled between the load-bearing cable and the photovoltaic cell layer to increase the thickness D of the photovoltaic line and expand the layable area of ​​the photovoltaic cell layer, thereby increasing the light-receiving area per unit length of the photovoltaic line and reducing the power generation cost per unit length. ⑤ Increase the height H of the photovoltaic line and reduce the shading coefficient D / K. Use the shadows of multiple adjacent photovoltaic lines to continuously block and release the crops, so that the crops can receive sunlight frequently, for long periods of time, and intermittently every day. ⑥ A loudspeaker is installed on the photovoltaic line. The photovoltaic line, the loudspeaker and its power supply wire share the same load-bearing cable and its tall support structure to play sounds or music to repel birds or rodents. ⑦ The load-bearing cable is set above the center line of the photovoltaic line to form an inverted structure, which makes the photovoltaic cell layer automatically face the sun by its own weight; Alternatively, the load-bearing cable can be placed above the centerline of the photovoltaic line to form an inverted structure, relying on its own weight to make the photovoltaic cell layer automatically face the sun. ⑧ Each flat strip is suspended or laid flat on an external load-bearing cable, without any linkage or fixation between them, and each can sway independently with the wind. ⑨D≤500mm, H≥3m, L≥80m, K≥1m, D / K≤1, n≥6; ⑩ When photovoltaic lines are suspended above farmland, the midday shadow moves by the width of one midday shadow every 1-20 minutes or every 1-5 minutes; or, the midday shadow moves by the width of one midday shadow for no more than 30 minutes.

6. The linear photovoltaic system according to claim 5, characterized in that, It includes any one or more of the following ① to ⑩: ① Each flat bar is pulled to the stabilizing cable by a buffer spring to prevent the flat bar from floating up to an angle exceeding the set value and to keep the flat bar at the set tilt angle when there is no wind; Alternatively, multiple flat strips are installed horizontally on the same load-bearing cable via a connecting device, allowing each flat strip to sway relative to the load-bearing cable under strong winds, thus buffering the wind force and enhancing wind resistance. Each flat strip is equipped with at least one buffering mechanism, including but not limited to buffer springs, weights, or lever mechanisms. This mechanism can effectively reduce the swaying amplitude of the flat strip when encountering strong winds, thereby protecting the flat strip from excessive stress, and automatically assisting the flat strip to return to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong winds have passed. ② The photovoltaic rod is equipped with connecting components, which are used to suspend the photovoltaic rod on an external load-bearing cable or connect it into a long photovoltaic line; or, the photovoltaic rod is equipped with connecting components at both ends, which hook and connect the photovoltaic rods arranged in a row into a chain. ③ One or more irrigation water pipes, which also serve as thickening fillers, are buried inside the photovoltaic lines; or, irrigation water flows over the surface of the photovoltaic lines to carry away dust from the cable surface and to dissipate heat and cool the photovoltaic lines. ④The photovoltaic rod, from the inside out, includes at least the following components: a load-bearing cable, a thickening filler, a cable shell backsheet layer, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer. The photovoltaic rod is equipped with an end cap and / or a limiting component. The end cap has a cable hole pre-set to match the load-bearing cable, and the limiting component is used to fasten the photovoltaic rod to the load-bearing cable. ⑤L≥80m, D≤0.235m, D / K≤0.25; or, D≤0.15m, D / K≤0.15; ⑥ The photovoltaic lines are erected in a north-south direction, which includes all directions with an angle of less than 39 degrees to the meridian; or, a single photovoltaic line is supported by only one load-bearing cable. ⑦ An air-to-water generator is installed in or next to the farmland. The output of the photovoltaic power generation system is electrically connected to the air-to-water generator, and the irrigation water pipe is connected to the air-to-water generator for irrigating crops in the farmland. ⑧ A photovoltaic rod is a cylindrical battery module composed of multiple prefabricated battery components; ⑨ The photovoltaic lines are installed in the same direction as the load-bearing cable, and suspended in the air by a single load-bearing cable; ⑩ Reflectors are placed near the bottom of the photovoltaic line to reflect ambient light into the shaded area of ​​the photovoltaic line, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic line.

7. A photovoltaic line, characterized in that: It is a linear photovoltaic cell module – a photovoltaic line; the photovoltaic line includes at least three parts: a load-bearing cable, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic cell layer is set on the load-bearing cable, and the transparent protective layer covers the surface of the photovoltaic cell layer; the thickness of the photovoltaic line is D≤680mm.

8. The photovoltaic line according to claim 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are surrounded around the load-bearing cable, thus forming a load-bearing cable-embedded photovoltaic line; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are fixed to the load-bearing cable, thus forming a load-bearing cable-external photovoltaic line; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are encapsulated into a flat strip and fixed to the load-bearing cable, thus forming a flat strip photovoltaic line supported by the load-bearing cable.

9. The photovoltaic line according to claim 8, characterized in that: Photovoltaic lines can be cylindrical, flat strips, or polygonal prisms with n sides, where n ≥ 3.

10. The photovoltaic line according to claim 9, characterized in that: The photovoltaic lines are installed in the same direction as their supporting cables and suspended in the air; or, the photovoltaic lines are installed in a staggered manner so that they are separated from each other and suspended in the air.

11. The photovoltaic line according to claim 7, 8, 9, or 10, characterized in that, It includes any one or more of the following technical features: ① A relatively long photovoltaic line within the span L of a single span is composed of multiple shorter photovoltaic lines connected together; each shorter photovoltaic line is hereinafter referred to as a photovoltaic rod. ② An irrigation water pipe is attached to the photovoltaic line, and the photovoltaic line and the irrigation water pipe share the same load-bearing cable and its tall support structure; ③ A supplementary photovoltaic lamp is installed on the photovoltaic line. The photovoltaic line, the supplementary photovoltaic lamp and their power supply wires share the same load-bearing cable and its tall support structure to provide supplementary light to light-loving crops at night. ④ A thickening filler is filled between the load-bearing cable and the photovoltaic cell layer to increase the thickness D of the photovoltaic line and expand the layable area of ​​the photovoltaic cell layer, thereby increasing the light-receiving area per unit length of the photovoltaic line and reducing the power generation cost per unit length. ⑤ An electric heating element is attached to the photovoltaic line to melt the snow and freezing rain ice on it through electric heating; or, a reflective object is set near the bottom of the photovoltaic line to reflect ambient light into the shaded area of ​​the photovoltaic line, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic line. ⑥ A loudspeaker is installed on the photovoltaic line. The photovoltaic line, the loudspeaker and its power supply wire share the same load-bearing cable and its tall support structure to play sounds or music to repel birds or rodents. ⑦ The load-bearing cable is set above the center line of the photovoltaic line to form an inverted structure, which makes the photovoltaic cell layer automatically face the sun by its own weight; Alternatively, the load-bearing cable can be placed above the centerline of the photovoltaic line to form an inverted structure, relying on its own weight to make the photovoltaic cell layer automatically face the sun. ⑧ Each flat strip is suspended or laid flat on an external load-bearing cable, without any linkage or fixation between them, and each can sway independently with the wind. ⑨D≤680mm, H≥2m, L≥10m, K≥0.5m, D / K≤3.

12. The photovoltaic line according to claim 11, characterized in that, It includes any one or more of the following technical features: ① Each flat bar is pulled to the stabilizing cable by a buffer spring to prevent the flat bar from floating up to an angle exceeding the set value and to keep the flat bar at the set tilt angle when there is no wind; Alternatively, multiple flat strips are installed horizontally on the same load-bearing cable via a connecting device, allowing each flat strip to sway relative to the load-bearing cable under strong winds, thus buffering the wind force and enhancing wind resistance. Each flat strip is equipped with at least one buffering mechanism, including but not limited to buffer springs, weights, or lever mechanisms. This mechanism can effectively reduce the swaying amplitude of the flat strip when encountering strong winds, thereby protecting the flat strip from excessive stress, and automatically assisting the flat strip to return to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong winds have passed. ②The photovoltaic rod is in the shape of a tube, and the load-bearing cable is passed through the tube; or, the photovoltaic rod is provided with connecting components at both ends, and the connecting components hook and string the photovoltaic rods arranged in a row into a chain. ③ The photovoltaic rod is equipped with connecting components, which are used to suspend the photovoltaic rod on the load-bearing cable or connect it into a longer photovoltaic line; ④ One or more irrigation water pipes, which also serve as thickening fillers, are buried inside the photovoltaic lines; or, irrigation water flows over the surface of the photovoltaic lines to carry away dust from the cable and to dissipate heat and cool the photovoltaic lines. ⑤ The photovoltaic line consists of, from the inside out, a load-bearing cable, a thickening filler, a cable shell backsheet layer, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer. ⑥ A photovoltaic rod is a cylindrical battery module composed of a semi-cylindrical prefabricated battery component and a semi-cylindrical base. The load-bearing cable is located at the axis, and the center of gravity is set below the axis to form an inverted structure, which automatically makes the photovoltaic cell layer face the sun by its own weight.

13. A photovoltaic rod, characterized in that: It is a linear photovoltaic cell module encapsulated in a rod shape—a photovoltaic rod; the photovoltaic rod includes at least a rod-shaped substrate, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic cell layer is disposed on the rod-shaped substrate, and the transparent protective layer covers the photovoltaic cell layer; the diameter D of the photovoltaic rod is ≤680mm.

14. The photovoltaic rod according to claim 13, characterized in that: The photovoltaic rods are equipped with connecting components at both ends to hook and string the photovoltaic rods arranged in a row into a chain; or, multiple photovoltaic rods are arranged in a row, connected end to end, and strung together by load-bearing cables.

15. The photovoltaic rod according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, It includes any one or more of the following ① to ⑩: ① A thickening filler is filled inside the photovoltaic rod to increase the thickness dimension D of the photovoltaic rod and expand the layable area of ​​the photovoltaic cell layer, thereby increasing the light-receiving area per unit length of the photovoltaic rod and reducing the power generation cost per unit length. ② The photovoltaic rod has a spiral slot through which the load-bearing cable can be wound; or, the photovoltaic rod has a groove slot through which the load-bearing cable can be inserted; or, the photovoltaic rod is in the shape of a tube, through which the load-bearing cable can pass; or, the photovoltaic rod is provided with an end cap and / or a limiting member that can fasten the photovoltaic rod to the load-bearing cable. ③The photovoltaic rod is a cylinder or a polygonal prism with n sides, where n≥3; ④ A supplemental light is also installed on the photovoltaic rod to provide supplemental light for light-loving crops at night; or a speaker is also attached to the photovoltaic line to play sounds or music to repel birds or rodents; or a reflective object is installed near the bottom of the photovoltaic rod to reflect ambient light into the shaded area of ​​the photovoltaic rod, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic rod. ⑤ The photovoltaic rod is equipped with an end cap, and the end cap has pre-set cable holes that are compatible with the load-bearing cable; ⑥The photovoltaic rod consists of, from the inside out, a load-bearing cable, a thickening filler, a rod-shaped substrate, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer; ⑦ The load-bearing cable is positioned above the center line of the photovoltaic rod to form an inverted structure, relying on its own weight to automatically make the photovoltaic cell layer face the sun; or, the load-bearing cable is positioned above the center line of the photovoltaic rod to form an inverted structure, relying on its own weight to automatically make the photovoltaic cell layer face the sun. ⑧ The photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer surround the load-bearing cable, with a surrounding angle range of ≤270°; ⑨ A photovoltaic rod is a cylindrical battery module composed of a semi-circular pre-fabricated battery component and a semi-circular substrate. The load-bearing cable is located at the axis, and the center of gravity is set below the axis to form an inverted structure, which relies on its own weight to make the photovoltaic cell layer automatically face the sun. ⑩D≤680mm.

Images