Breeding system suitable for whole-cycle production of salmon and trout

Abstract

The utility model discloses a breeding system suitable for whole-cycle production of salmon and trout, which relates to the technical field of production and breeding of salmon and trout and comprises a physical filter unit, a biological filter unit and a disinfection and water transfer unit. Each culture unit is sequentially provided with a roe hatching system, a juvenile fish standard fry system, a juvenile fish culture system, a middle fish culture system, an adult fish culture system and a hanging water temporary culture pond, all the systems independently circulate, and the intelligent management and control system monitors water quality parameters in real time through an online sensor and automatically adjusts bait casting, oxygenation and water flow speed; according to the system, the culture process is divided into six independent circulation stages of incubation, standard fry, juvenile fish, middle fish, adult fish and temporary culture in water, parameters such as water flow speed, dissolved oxygen and temperature are accurately controlled in each stage, the survival rate of the fry and the growth uniformity of the adult fish are remarkably improved, and through physical filtration, biological filtration and UV + ozone disinfection, the survival rate of the adult fish is improved. Concentrations of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite are effectively reduced, and a healthy breeding environment is created.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to salmon production and breeding technical field, especially salmon whole cycle production's breeding system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional salmon breeding mode (pond, net cage) has problems such as extensive water quality management, serious resource waste, frequent disease, and is difficult to meet the high-density intensive production demand.

[0003] For example, pond water change relies on natural water source, ammonia nitrogen accumulation is fast, and the disease incidence is as high as 30%, and the water consumption per ton of fish is 5000m 3 ; Net cage culture is greatly influenced by climate, fish body fat content is high but earthy smell is heavy, and it is difficult to reach the raw food standard. Although the existing circulating water technology solves the water quality problem, it lacks the whole cycle accurate control from the fish egg hatching to the water hanging temporary breeding, resulting in low survival rate of fry (only 70%), long growth cycle (more than 24 months), and the biological filter nitrification capacity is insufficient (<0.5kg ammonia nitrogen / m 3 / day), energy consumption is high (low air stone oxygenation efficiency), and the artificial management cost accounts for more than 40%.

[0004] The utility model provides a whole cycle segmented circulating water breeding system, realizes independent circulation optimization of each stage (such as weak flow water reduction stress of fry, rotating water flow of adult fish promotes pollution discharge) through water quality closed loop management, intelligent accurate control and disease comprehensive prevention and control, water circulation rate is greater than 95%, unit area output is improved by 4 times, bait coefficient is reduced to 1.5, and product reaches the raw food standard after low-temperature water treatment, which provides an efficient and environmentally friendly solution for industrialized breeding. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] In view of the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a breeding system suitable for salmon whole cycle production, which solves the problems of traditional salmon breeding mode (pond, net cage) such as extensive water quality management, serious resource waste, frequent disease and difficult to meet the high-density intensive production demand.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0007] A breeding system suitable for salmon whole cycle production, comprising:

[0008] Water treatment system: containing physical filtration unit, biological filtration unit and disinfection and water conditioning unit, realizing water quality closed loop management;

[0009] Breeding unit: fish egg hatching system, fry marking system, fry breeding system, middle fish breeding system, adult fish breeding system and water hanging temporary breeding pond are sequentially arranged, and each system is independently circulated;

[0010] Intelligent management and control system: real-time monitoring of water quality parameters through online sensors, and automatic adjustment of feeding, oxygenation and water flow rate.

[0011] Preferably, the physical filtration unit comprises:

[0012] Microfiltration machine: filtration accuracy 30-300 mesh, intercepting large particle residual feed and feces;

[0013] Protein separator: removing dissolved organic matter by bubble adsorption;

[0014] Zhu's filter: filter bead layer precision 20-100 microns, intercepting colloidal particles.

[0015] Preferably, the biological filtration unit is a moving bed biological filter (MBBR) filled with porous biological carriers, and the nitrifying bacteria treatment capacity is 0.5-1 kg of ammonia nitrogen / m 3 / day.

[0016] Preferably, in the breeding unit:

[0017] Juvenile fish marking system: single pool diameter 800mm, water volume ≥0.3m 3 , equipped with anti-escape pipe and independent oxygenation device;

[0018] Fish breeding system: diameter 6000mm, water volume ≥22.6m 3 , bottom center sewage and three independent water inlet lines;

[0019] Water hanging temporary holding tank: water depth 1500mm, equipped with top water inlet and bottom drainage system, dissolved oxygen >8mg / L.

[0020] Preferably, the intelligent management and control system comprises:

[0021] Water quality monitoring module: real-time monitoring of dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite;

[0022] Automatic control module: automatic start and stop of pure oxygen oxygenation according to dissolved oxygen value, dissolved oxygen threshold value is 5mg / L;

[0023] Energy management module: variable frequency water pump and air lifting device are adopted, and the comprehensive energy saving is 20%-30%.

[0024] Preferably, the circulation process of the system is: breeding tank→physical filtration→biological filtration→ultraviolet sterilization→aeration oxygenation→reuse, with no dead angle in the whole process.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] I. The system subdivides the breeding process into six independent circulation stages of hatching, marking fry, juvenile fish, middle fish, adult fish and water suspension temporary breeding, and precisely controls parameters such as water flow speed, dissolved oxygen and temperature in each stage, thereby significantly improving the survival rate of fry and the uniformity of adult fish growth.

[0027] II. Through physical filtration (microfilter + protein separator + Zhushi filter), biological filtration (MBBR) and UV + ozone disinfection, water recycling is realized, the concentration of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite is effectively reduced, and a stable and healthy breeding environment is created.

[0028] III. Online sensors monitor water quality parameters in real time and automatically adjust the amount of feeding, oxygenation intensity and water flow speed, reducing manual intervention, achieving precise feeding and energy-saving operation, and reducing management difficulty and operating cost.

[0029] IV. Stage-by-stage independent circulation, tool disinfection and dual water source treatment block the path of pathogen transmission; low-temperature flowing water stimulates muscle firmness during the water suspension temporary breeding period, and active carbon adsorbs odor substances, thereby improving fish quality and taste.

[0030] V. The central bottom discharge + side discharge structure is adopted to realize efficient sewage discharge and water body renewal, significantly improve the carrying capacity of a single pool, and is suitable for industrial plant breeding, saving land resources. The system integrates automatic feeding, sewage discharge, temperature adjustment and other functions, greatly reducing manual inspection and operation, reducing labor intensity, and meeting the needs of large-scale production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The above description is only a summary of the technical scheme of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application and can be implemented in accordance with the content of the specification, the following will be described in detail with the preferred embodiments of the present application and in conjunction with the drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 is a structure diagram of a breeding unit in the system of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a specific system structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0034] Legend: 1, middle fish breeding system; 2, juvenile fish breeding system; 3, adult fish breeding system; 4, water suspension temporary breeding pool; 5, protein separator; 6, Zhushi filter; 7, microfilter; 8, oxygen cone; 9, juvenile fish marking system; 12, frequency conversion water pump; 13, fish egg hatching system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The application provides a breeding system suitable for salmon and trout full-cycle production, effectively solving the problems of extensive water quality management, serious resource waste, frequent diseases and other problems in traditional salmon and trout breeding modes (ponds, net cages), and difficult to meet the needs of high-density intensive production.

[0036] Example 1: Overall architecture of the full-cycle recirculating aquaculture system

[0037] System components

[0038] 1. Water treatment system

[0039] (1) Physical filtration unit

[0040] Microfilter 7 (100 mesh precision) intercepts leftover feed and feces, with a treatment capacity of 5 m 3 / h;

[0041] Protein separator 5 (Model: Red Sea Reef Octopus) with a treatment capacity of 10 m 3 / h, with a removal rate of ≥80%;

[0042] Zhou's filter 6 (filter bead size 0.5 mm) with a treatment capacity of 3 m 3 / h, with a turbidity of ≤5 NTU.

[0043] (2) Biological filtration unit

[0044] MBBR (filling rate 50%, Model: Kaldnes K1) with a nitrification capacity of 0.8 kg ammonia nitrogen / m 3 / day.

[0045] (3) Disinfection and water conditioning unit

[0046] UV sterilizer (power 200 W, dose 30 mJ / cm 2 );

[0047] Ozone generator (concentration 0.2 mg / L, contact time 5 min);

[0048] Automatic pH adjustment device (sodium bicarbonate dosage 0.5-1 g / m 3 ).

[0049] 2. Aquaculture unit

[0050] (1) Fish egg incubation system 13

[0051] Vertical incubation cabinet (volume 0.5 m 3 ), temperature control 10±0.5℃, dissolved oxygen >6 mg / L.

[0052] (2) Juvenile fish marking system 9

[0053] 12 aquaculture ponds (diameter 800 mm, water depth 0.8 m), with a single pond flow of 0.5 m 3 / h;

[0054] Integrated treatment pond (3.6 m3 ) containing micro-filter 7 tank (0.5m 3 ), biochemical tank (1.2m 3 ), aeration tank (1.0m 3 ).

[0055] (3) Juvenile fish farming system 3:

[0056] 6 tanks (diameter 6000mm, water depth 1.2m), single tank flow 5m 3 / h;

[0057] Integrated treatment tank (135.6m 3 ) containing protein separator 5 (treatment capacity 20m 3 / h), Zhous filter 6 (treatment capacity 10m 3 / h).

[0058] 3, intelligent management and control system:

[0059] (1) Sensor configuration:

[0060] Dissolved oxygen sensor (accuracy ± 0.1mg / L), pH sensor (accuracy ± 0.1), ammonia nitrogen sensor (accuracy ± 0.05mg / L).

[0061] (2) Control logic:

[0062] When the dissolved oxygen is less than 5mg / L, start pure oxygen aeration;

[0063] When ammonia nitrogen is greater than 0.5mg / L, increase the frequency of micro-filter 7 backwash.

[0064] Example 2: Key parameters of juvenile fish marking system 9:

[0065] Tank: diameter 800mm, water volume 0.3m 3 , flow rate 0.05m / s (weak flow water stress prevention).

[0066] Oxygen cone 8: dissolved oxygen is raised to 8mg / L, pressure 0.3MPa.

[0067] Circulation process: pump tank → oxygen cone 8 → breeding tank → micro-filter 7 (backwash period 2h) → biochemical tank (aeration intensity 0.5m 3 / h) → UV sterilization → aeration tank → pump tank.

[0068] Water quality control:

[0069] Dissolved oxygen: >5.5mg / L; ammonia nitrogen: <0.2mg / L; water temperature: 12±1℃ (salmon variety).

[0070] Example 3: Structure design of adult fish farming system 3:

[0071] Pool parameters: Diameter 6000mm, water depth 1.2m, effective volume 22.6m³ 3 .

[0072] Bottom structure:

[0073] The central bottom outlet (150mm in diameter) has a 3% slope to accelerate sewage discharge;

[0074] The side outlet (100mm in diameter) is located 100mm below the water surface to discharge the oil film.

[0075] Water inlet design: Three water inlets are distributed at 120°, with a flow velocity of 0.3m / s, forming a rotating water flow.

[0076] Sewage discharge efficiency: 90% of residual feed and feces are discharged within 5 minutes, and the sediment at the bottom of the pond is ≤0.5mm / day.

[0077] Example 4: Optimization of the temporary water conservancy system:

[0078] System parameters: 4 holding tanks (6000mm in diameter, 1.5m in depth), single tank flow rate 10m³ / h 3 / h (flow rate).

[0079] Environmental control:

[0080] Water temperature 14±1℃, dissolved oxygen >8mg / L;

[0081] Activated carbon filter (filling capacity 20kg / pool) adsorbs odor substances.

[0082] Results: After 5 days of fasting, muscle fat content decreased by 15%, and earthy-tasting substances decreased by 80%.

[0083] Example 5: Validation of the biofiltration unit:

[0084] MBBR performance test:

[0085] Influent ammonia nitrogen: 1.2 mg / L; Effluent ammonia nitrogen: 0.3 mg / L;

[0086] Nitrite peak: 0.8 mg / L (day 3) → stable <0.1 mg / L (day 7);

[0087] Nitrifying bacteria concentration: 1.2 × 10⁻⁶ 7 CFU / mL.

[0088] Conclusion: The requirement of ammonia nitrogen <0.5 mg / L is met during the adult fish stage.

[0089] Example 6: Application of Intelligent Control System:

[0090] 1. Control strategy:

[0091] (1) Dissolved oxygen control:

[0092] Base dissolved oxygen: 5.5 mg / L (for adult fish);

[0093] Emergency mechanism: pure oxygen is added when the dissolved oxygen is less than 5 mg / L (flow rate 0.5 m 3 / h).

[0094] (2) Feeding optimization:

[0095] Feeding amount = fish weight x 2.5% when the water temperature is 20℃;

[0096] The feeding amount is automatically reduced by 15% when the feeding rate decreases by 10%.

[0097] (3) Energy saving effect:

[0098] The variable frequency water pump 13 saves 30% of electricity, the air lifting device saves 25% of electricity, and the comprehensive energy consumption is reduced by 28%.

[0099] Working principle:

[0100] The utility model realizes the intensive production of salmon and trout by full-cycle segmented breeding and water quality closed-loop management:

[0101] The eggs develop in the constant-temperature weak light hatching area, the weak flow water (0.05 m / s) and the microfilter 7 (100 mesh) are used in the juvenile marking system 9 to maintain the ammonia nitrogen <0.2 mg / L;

[0102] The adult fish breeding system 3 forms a rotating water flow (0.3 m / s) through three water inlets, and the center bottom discharge and side discharge cooperate to achieve 90% of the sewage efficiency;

[0103] The hanging water temporary breeding pond 4 uses low temperature (14℃) and high dissolved oxygen (>8 mg / L) to improve the meat quality.

[0104] The water quality is treated by three-stage treatment and recycled:

[0105] Physical filtration (microfilter 7 + protein separator 5 + Zhous filter 6) removes 90% of suspended solids, MBBR biological filter treats 0.8 kg of ammonia nitrogen / m 3 / day, and is reused after UV + ozone disinfection (recycling rate >95%).

[0106] The intelligent management and control system monitors the dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and other parameters in real time, dynamically adjusts the feeding amount (the feeding amount is 2.5% of the body weight when the water temperature is 20℃) and the oxygenation intensity (pure oxygen is started when the dissolved oxygen is less than 5 mg / L), and cooperates with the variable frequency water pump 13 and the air lifting device to save 28% of energy.

[0107] Through independent circulation in stages, tool disinfection and activated carbon adsorption of odor substances, disease prevention and control and quality improvement are realized.

[0108] Finally, it should be noted that: apparently, the above examples are merely for the purpose of clearly illustrating the utility model, and not limited to the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can also be made. Here, it is not necessary and impossible to exhaust all the implementation. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A farming system applicable to the entire life cycle of salmon and trout production, characterized in that, include: Water treatment system: includes physical filtration unit, biological filtration unit and disinfection and water conditioning unit; Aquaculture unit: It is equipped with a fish egg hatching system (13), a juvenile fish seedling system (9), a juvenile fish rearing system (2), a medium-sized fish rearing system (1), an adult fish rearing system (3), and a temporary holding pond (4) in sequence. Each system is independently circulated. Intelligent control system.

2. The aquaculture system applicable to the entire life cycle of salmon and trout production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The physical filtering unit includes: Microfilter (7): Filtration accuracy 30-300 mesh, intercepting large particles of residual bait and feces; Protein separator (5): Uses bubble adsorption to remove dissolved organic matter; Beaded filter (6): The bead layer has a precision of 20-100 microns and can trap colloidal particles.

3. The aquaculture system applicable to the entire life cycle of salmon and trout production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The biological filtration unit is a moving bed biological filter filled with porous biological carriers, with a nitrifying bacteria treatment capacity of 0.5–1 kg ammonia nitrogen / m³. 3 / sky.

4. The aquaculture system applicable to the entire life cycle of salmon and trout production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the breeding unit: Juvenile fish fry raising system (9): single pond diameter 800mm, water volume ≥0.3m 3 It is equipped with an escape prevention tube and an independent oxygenation device; Adult fish farming system (3): Diameter 6000mm, water volume ≥22.6m 3 The bottom center has a sewage drain and three independent water inlet pipes; Temporary holding tank (4): water depth 1500mm, equipped with top water inlet and bottom drainage system, dissolved oxygen >8mg / L.

5. The aquaculture system applicable to the entire life cycle of salmon and trout production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control system includes: Water quality monitoring module: Real-time monitoring of dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrite; Automated control module: Automatically starts and stops pure oxygen supply based on dissolved oxygen levels, with a dissolved oxygen threshold of 5 mg / L; Energy management module: Employs variable frequency water pumps and air lifting devices.

6. The aquaculture system applicable to the entire life cycle of salmon and trout production as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cycle sequence of this system is as follows: aquaculture pond, physical filtration, biological filtration, ultraviolet sterilization, aeration and oxygenation, and reuse.

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