Continuous potassium nitrate feeding production system
By designing a potassium chloride and magnesium oxide weighing feeder and multiple overflow reactors, the problems of difficult manual operation and difficult selection of discharge pumps in the magnesium process for producing potassium nitrate were solved. This achieved automation of raw material proportioning and stable system operation, and reduced production costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing magnesium-based potassium nitrate production systems suffer from problems such as high difficulty in manual operation, large errors in raw material ratios, and difficulty in selecting discharge pumps, and are particularly expensive in high-altitude areas.
The system employs a potassium chloride weighing feeder and a magnesium oxide weighing feeder for automated control. Multiple intermediate reactors connected in series with overflows ensure sufficient reaction time, and a tail gas treatment unit is equipped to purify the exhaust gas, thereby achieving automated raw material proportioning and continuous feeding.
It enables precise control of raw material ratios, reduces labor load, avoids pipeline blockage and discharge pump cavitation problems, and lowers production costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224030662U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of potassium nitrate production, especially relates to a potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system. BACKGROUND
[0002] The magnesium method for producing potassium nitrate refers to a common production process for producing potassium nitrate by taking potassium chloride, magnesium oxide and nitric acid as raw materials. However, the following two problems exist in the existing production system for producing potassium nitrate by the magnesium method: first, the feeding section of the traditional production system is mostly completed by intermittent operation or semi-intermittent operation, so the staff not only needs to measure the feeding amount of raw materials, but also needs to manually measure the PH value after the reaction feeding is completed to determine the completion degree of the reaction, so the operation difficulty is relatively large and the labor load of the staff is relatively high. In the process of manually controlling the feeding of raw materials, the feeding amount ratio of each component is prone to error, if the feeding amount of solid raw materials is insufficient, the solution concentration will be too low, resulting in insufficient yield and potassium loss, and if the feeding amount of solid raw materials is too much, the solution concentration will be too high, which will cause crystallization at a relatively high temperature, thereby causing pipeline blockage. Second, since the reaction temperature is relatively high when producing potassium nitrate, the allowable net positive suction head of the discharge pump in the production system is relatively low, especially when the production system is in a highland area, the selection difficulty of the discharge pump will be significantly increased, thereby increasing the overall cost of the production system and increasing the economic burden of enterprises. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0003] Therefore, the utility model aims at providing a potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system to solve the above technical problems.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
[0005] The potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system comprises a potassium chloride feeding unit, a magnesium oxide feeding unit, a dilute nitric acid pipeline, a process water pipeline, a feeding reaction kettle, an intermediate reaction unit and a discharge reaction kettle; the potassium chloride feeding unit comprises a potassium chloride hopper and a potassium chloride weighing feeder, the feeding end of the potassium chloride weighing feeder is communicated with the potassium chloride hopper, and the discharging end of the potassium chloride weighing feeder is communicated with the feeding reaction kettle; the magnesium oxide feeding unit comprises a magnesium oxide hopper and a magnesium oxide weighing feeder, the feeding end of the magnesium oxide weighing feeder is communicated with the magnesium oxide hopper, and the discharging end of the magnesium oxide weighing feeder is communicated with the feeding reaction kettle; the dilute nitric acid pipeline is communicated with the feeding reaction kettle through a first feeding pipe, and a first flow meter and a first adjusting valve are arranged on the first feeding pipe; the process water pipeline is communicated with the feeding reaction kettle through a second feeding pipe, and a second flow meter and a second adjusting valve are arranged on the second feeding pipe; the intermediate reaction unit comprises a plurality of intermediate reaction kettles which are connected in series through intermediate overflow pipes, the first intermediate reaction kettle is communicated with the feeding reaction kettle through a feeding overflow pipe, and the last intermediate reaction kettle is communicated with the discharge reaction kettle through a discharge overflow pipe; a discharge pipe is arranged on the discharge reaction kettle, and a discharge pump is arranged on the discharge pipe.
[0006] Further, a feeding branch pipe is further arranged on the dilute nitric acid pipeline, and the feeding branch pipe is communicated with the last intermediate reaction kettle in the intermediate reaction unit.
[0007] Further, the potassium chloride feeding unit further comprises a potassium chloride crusher and a potassium chloride elevator, the feeding end of the potassium chloride elevator is communicated with the discharging end of the potassium chloride crusher, and the discharging end of the potassium chloride elevator is communicated with the potassium chloride hopper.
[0008] Further, a potassium chloride dust removal device is further arranged on the potassium chloride hopper, and a magnesium oxide dust removal device is further arranged on the magnesium oxide hopper.
[0009] Further, the magnesium oxide feeding unit further comprises a magnesium oxide elevator, and the discharging end of the magnesium oxide elevator is communicated with the magnesium oxide hopper.
[0010] Further, the potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system further comprises a tail gas treatment unit, and the tail gas treatment unit comprises a tail gas absorption tower, a tail gas pipeline and a tail gas induced draft fan; the tail gas absorption tower is communicated with the process water pipeline through a water supply branch pipe, a circulating pipe is further arranged on the tail gas absorption tower, one end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the bottom of the tail gas absorption tower, the other end of the circulating pipe is communicated with a spray head at the top of the tail gas absorption tower, and a washing circulating pump is arranged on the circulating pipe; the tail gas pipeline is communicated with the tail gas absorption tower through the tail gas induced draft fan, a plurality of tail gas branch pipes are arranged on the tail gas pipeline, and the feeding reaction kettle, the intermediate reaction kettle and the discharge reaction kettle are respectively communicated with the tail gas pipeline through the tail gas branch pipes.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system has the following advantages:
[0012] The potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system can obtain the mass of potassium chloride through the potassium chloride weighing feeder, and can control the dosing amount of magnesium oxide, dilute nitric acid and process water according to the mass of potassium chloride, so as to realize automatic control and continuous feeding of raw material ratio. Secondly, the intermediate reaction unit of the system comprises a plurality of intermediate reaction kettles in overflow series, and the feeding reaction kettle and the discharging reaction kettle are in overflow communication with the intermediate reaction unit, so that the material can obtain sufficient reaction time in the system. In addition, when the system is continuously operated, the existence of the plurality of intermediate reaction kettles can maintain sufficient liquid level in the system, thereby preventing the cavitation of the discharging pump and effectively reducing the excessive requirement for the net positive suction head of the discharging pump under high temperature and high altitude conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0013] The drawings that form a part of this application provide further understanding of the present application, and the exemplary embodiments of the present application and their description serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:
[0014] Figure 1 A schematic view of the potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system according to the embodiments of the present application.
[0015] Legend of reference signs:
[0016] 1-potassium chloride crusher; 2-potassium chloride bucket elevator; 3-potassium chloride hopper; 4-potassium chloride weighing feeder; 5-potassium chloride dust removal device; 6-magnesium oxide bucket elevator; 7-magnesium oxide hopper; 8-magnesium oxide weighing feeder; 9-magnesium oxide dust removal device; 10-dilute nitric acid pipeline; 11-first flow meter; 12-first regulating valve; 13-process water pipeline; 14-second flow meter; 15-second regulating valve; 16-feeding reaction kettle; 17-intermediate reaction kettle; 18-discharging reaction kettle; 19-discharging pump; 20-tail gas absorption tower; 21-tail gas pipeline; 22-tail gas induced draft fan; 23-washing circulating pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0018] In the description of the utility model, it is necessary to understand that the orientation or positional relation indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is the orientation or positional relation based on the orientation or positional relation shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specified.
[0019] In the description of the utility model, it should be explained that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection, it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, it can be the communication inside two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood through specific circumstances.
[0020] The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with embodiments.
[0021] A kind of potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system, as shown in Figure 1 Figure, including: potassium chloride supply unit, magnesium oxide supply unit, dilute nitric acid pipeline 10, process water pipeline 13, feed reaction kettle 16, intermediate reaction unit and discharge reaction kettle 18, wherein potassium chloride supply unit, magnesium oxide supply unit, dilute nitric acid pipeline 10 and process water pipeline 13 are used to realize the accurate proportioning and continuous feeding of raw materials, feed reaction kettle 16, intermediate reaction unit and discharge reaction kettle 18 are used to provide reaction space, ensure that raw materials obtain sufficient reaction time and produce good reaction effect.
[0022] Specifically, the potassium chloride feeding unit in the embodiment includes a potassium chloride hopper 3 and a potassium chloride weighing feeder 4, and the magnesium oxide feeding unit includes a magnesium oxide hopper 7 and a magnesium oxide weighing feeder 8. When deployed, the feeding end of the potassium chloride weighing feeder 4 is in communication with the potassium chloride hopper 3, the discharging end of the potassium chloride weighing feeder 4 is in communication with the feeding reactor 16, the feeding end of the magnesium oxide weighing feeder 8 is in communication with the magnesium oxide hopper 7, and the discharging end of the magnesium oxide weighing feeder 8 is in communication with the feeding reactor 16, so that the potassium chloride material and the magnesium oxide material stored in the potassium chloride hopper 3 and the magnesium oxide hopper 7 can be automatically fed into the feeding reactor 16. Correspondingly, the dilute nitric acid pipeline 10 is in communication with the feeding reactor 16 through a first feeding pipe, and the first feeding pipe is provided with a first flow meter 11 and a first adjusting valve 12, and the process water pipeline 13 is in communication with the feeding reactor 16 through a second feeding pipe, and the second feeding pipe is provided with a second flow meter 14 and a second adjusting valve 15, so that the dilute nitric acid material and the industrial water material can be automatically fed into the feeding reactor 16.
[0023] When the raw materials are added, the potassium chloride weighing feeder 4 weighs the added potassium chloride material, thereby obtaining a mass signal associated with the mass of the potassium chloride, and sends the mass signal to the magnesium oxide feeding unit, the dilute nitric acid pipeline 10 and the process water pipeline 13. At this time, the magnesium oxide weighing feeder 8 controls the feeding amount of the magnesium oxide according to the preset potassium chloride to magnesium oxide ratio, the cooperation of the first flow meter 11 and the first adjusting valve 12 controls the feeding amount of the dilute nitric acid according to the preset potassium chloride to dilute nitric acid ratio, and the cooperation of the second flow meter 14 and the second adjusting valve 15 controls the feeding amount of the process water according to the preset potassium chloride to process water ratio, thereby realizing accurate proportioning of each component raw material and avoiding proportioning errors caused by manual feeding in the system. Correspondingly, when the system is continuously produced, the potassium chloride feeding unit, the magnesium oxide feeding unit, the dilute nitric acid pipeline 10 and the process water pipeline 13 will continuously feed according to the mass signal of the potassium chloride and the preset ratio, thereby reducing the labor load of the workers and ensuring the continuous operation of the system.
[0024] Optionally, to improve the automation degree of the system, the potassium chloride feeding unit can further include a potassium chloride crusher 1 and a potassium chloride bucket elevator 2, and the feeding end of the potassium chloride bucket elevator 2 is in communication with the discharging end of the potassium chloride crusher 1, and the discharging end of the potassium chloride bucket elevator 2 is in communication with the potassium chloride hopper 3. When working, the workers can send the ton-bag packaged potassium chloride solid into the potassium chloride crusher 1 through a forklift, and the potassium chloride material crushed by the potassium chloride crusher 1 will be sent to the potassium chloride hopper 3 through the potassium chloride bucket elevator 2 for storage. Correspondingly, the magnesium oxide feeding unit can also include a magnesium oxide bucket elevator 6, and the discharging end of the magnesium oxide bucket elevator 6 should be in communication with the magnesium oxide hopper 7, so as to send the ton-bag packaged magnesium oxide into the magnesium oxide hopper 7 for storage.
[0025] In addition, in order to avoid dust pollution near the production system, the potassium chloride hopper 3 can be provided with a potassium chloride dust removal device 5, and the magnesium oxide hopper 7 can be provided with a magnesium oxide dust removal device 9. By providing the potassium chloride dust removal device 5 and the magnesium oxide dust removal device 9, a micro-negative pressure state can be formed inside the potassium chloride hopper 3 and the magnesium oxide hopper 7, preventing dust from escaping outward.
[0026] In order to ensure that the raw materials have sufficient reaction time inside the system and maintain a good liquid level inside the system, the intermediate reaction unit in this embodiment includes a plurality of intermediate reaction tanks 17 connected in series through intermediate overflow pipes. The first intermediate reaction tank 17 is connected to the feed reaction tank 16 through a feed overflow pipe, and the last intermediate reaction tank 17 is connected to the discharge reaction tank 18 through a discharge overflow pipe. Correspondingly, a discharge pipe is provided on the discharge reaction tank 18 for facilitating the guiding of the reacted liquid to the subsequent section, and a discharge pump 19 is provided on the discharge pipe.
[0027] As an example but not limited, the intermediate reaction unit can include three intermediate reaction tanks 17. In actual work, the well-proportioned raw materials will enter the feed reaction tank 16 for reaction. Through the continuous stirring of the stirrer inside the feed reaction tank 16, the reaction will be fully carried out and a large amount of reaction heat (usually 95°C) will be released. With the continuous feeding and reaction, the reaction liquid will overflow from the feed reaction tank 16 to the first intermediate reaction tank 17, and then from the first intermediate reaction tank 17 to the second intermediate reaction tank 17, so that the raw materials are fully reacted in the second intermediate reaction tank 17. Then the reaction liquid in the second intermediate reaction tank 17 will overflow into the last intermediate reaction tank 17, where the PH value of the reaction liquid can be adjusted by the workers, and the adjusted reaction liquid will overflow into the discharge reaction tank 18. Finally, the workers can sample and analyze the discharge reaction tank 18. If the reaction liquid is qualified, it will be pumped to the subsequent section by the discharge pump 19. If the reaction liquid is unqualified, it will be returned to the feed reaction tank 16 for re-reaction.
[0028] Optionally, in order to facilitate the PH value adjustment of the reaction liquid in the last intermediate reaction tank 17, a make-up branch pipe is provided on the dilute nitric acid pipeline 10, and the make-up branch pipe is connected to the last intermediate reaction tank 17 in the intermediate reaction unit, so that workers can inject dilute nitric acid into the last intermediate reaction tank 17, thereby keeping the reaction liquid in the last intermediate reaction tank 17 at PH = 6.
[0029] It should be noted that when the system is in the running state, desalted water should be added to the feed reaction kettle 16 in advance, and then the stirrer inside the feed reaction kettle 16 is started, and then potassium chloride, magnesium oxide, dilute nitric acid and process water are added according to the capacity of the feed reaction kettle 16, and after the feeding is completed, the reaction is carried out by stirring. When the reaction has been carried out for a period of time, continuous feeding is started to ensure that the system can be stably operated.
[0030] In actual use, a large amount of reaction heat is released during the reaction process, which causes the decomposition of nitric acid to produce nitrogen oxide gas, and the reaction also produces part of hydrogen chloride acid mist and nitric acid acid mist. In order to avoid the influence of the above-mentioned waste gas on the external environment, the potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system in the embodiment can further include a tail gas treatment unit.
[0031] Specifically, the tail gas treatment unit can include a tail gas absorption tower 20, a tail gas pipeline 21 and a tail gas induced draft fan 22. The tail gas absorption tower 20 is connected with the process water pipeline 13 through a water supply branch pipe, and a circulating pipe is further arranged on the tail gas absorption tower 20, one end of the circulating pipe is connected with the bottom of the tail gas absorption tower 20, the other end of the circulating pipe is connected with a spray head at the top of the tail gas absorption tower 20, and a washing circulating pump 23 is arranged on the circulating pipe. The tail gas pipeline 21 is connected with the tail gas absorption tower 20 through the tail gas induced draft fan 22, a plurality of tail gas branch pipes are arranged on the tail gas pipeline 21, and the feed reaction kettle 16, the intermediate reaction kettle 17 and the discharge reaction kettle 18 are connected with the tail gas pipeline 21 through the tail gas branch pipes. During operation, the tail gas induced draft fan 22 can send the waste gas in the feed reaction kettle 16, the intermediate reaction kettle 17 and the discharge reaction kettle 18 into the tail gas absorption tower 20 through the tail gas pipeline 21 and the plurality of tail gas branch pipes, and the industrial water in the tail gas absorption tower 20 is circulated and sprayed in the tail gas absorption tower 20 under the drive of the washing circulating pump 23, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying the tail gas.
[0032] The effects of the above-mentioned scheme will be described below:
[0033] The potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system provided by the embodiment can control the dosing amount of magnesium oxide, dilute nitric acid and process water according to the mass of potassium chloride and the preset proportional relationship, so as to realize the automatic control of raw material ratio and continuous feeding. Secondly, the system can provide sufficient reaction time through the series connection of a plurality of overflow reaction kettles, so as to ensure the quality of the product. In addition, the system can also maintain sufficient liquid level in the system through the series connection of a plurality of reaction kettles, so as to prevent the cavitation of the discharge pump and effectively reduce the excessive requirement for the net positive suction head of the discharge pump under high temperature and high altitude conditions.
[0034] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A continuous feeding production system for potassium nitrate, characterized in that, include: The system includes a potassium chloride feeding unit, a magnesium oxide feeding unit, a dilute nitric acid pipeline (10), a process water pipeline (13), a feed reactor (16), an intermediate reaction unit, and a discharge reactor (18); the potassium chloride feeding unit includes a potassium chloride hopper (3) and a potassium chloride weighing feeder (4), with the feed end of the potassium chloride weighing feeder (4) connected to the potassium chloride hopper (3) and the discharge end of the potassium chloride weighing feeder (4) connected to the feed reactor (16); the magnesium oxide feeding unit includes a magnesium oxide hopper (7) and a magnesium oxide weighing feeder (8), with the feed end of the magnesium oxide weighing feeder (8) connected to the magnesium oxide hopper (7) and the discharge end of the magnesium oxide weighing feeder (8) connected to the feed reactor (16); the dilute nitric acid pipeline ( 10) The feed reactor (16) is connected to the feed reactor (16) through the first feed pipe, and a first flow meter (11) and a first regulating valve (12) are provided on the first feed pipe; the process water pipeline (13) is connected to the feed reactor (16) through the second feed pipe, and a second flow meter (14) and a second regulating valve (15) are provided on the second feed pipe; the intermediate reaction unit includes multiple intermediate reactors (17) connected in series through intermediate overflow pipes, and the first intermediate reactor (17) is connected to the feed reactor (16) through the feed overflow pipe, and the last intermediate reactor (17) is connected to the discharge reactor (18) through the discharge overflow pipe; the discharge reactor (18) is provided with a discharge pipe, and a discharge pump (19) is provided on the discharge pipe.
2. The potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dilute nitric acid pipeline (10) is also equipped with a feed branch pipe, which is connected to the last intermediate reactor (17) in the intermediate reaction unit.
3. The potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The potassium chloride feeding unit also includes a potassium chloride crusher (1) and a potassium chloride bucket elevator (2), and the feed end of the potassium chloride bucket elevator (2) is connected to the discharge end of the potassium chloride crusher (1), and the discharge end of the potassium chloride bucket elevator (2) is connected to the potassium chloride hopper (3).
4. The potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The potassium chloride hopper (3) is also equipped with a potassium chloride dust removal device (5), and the magnesium oxide hopper (7) is also equipped with a magnesium oxide dust removal device (9).
5. A continuous feeding production system for potassium nitrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnesium oxide feeding unit also includes a magnesium oxide bucket elevator (6), and the discharge end of the magnesium oxide bucket elevator (6) is connected to the magnesium oxide hopper (7).
6. The potassium nitrate continuous feeding production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The potassium nitrate continuous feed production system also includes a tail gas treatment unit, which includes a tail gas absorption tower (20), a tail gas pipeline (21), and a tail gas induced draft fan (22). The tail gas absorption tower (20) is connected to the process water pipeline (13) through a water supply branch pipe. A circulation pipe is also provided on the tail gas absorption tower (20). One end of the circulation pipe is connected to the bottom of the tail gas absorption tower (20), and the other end of the circulation pipe is connected to the spray head at the top of the tail gas absorption tower (20). A washing circulation pump (23) is provided on the circulation pipe. The tail gas pipeline (21) is connected to the tail gas absorption tower (20) through the tail gas induced draft fan (22). Multiple tail gas branch pipes are provided on the tail gas pipeline (21), and the feed reactor (16), intermediate reactor (17), and discharge reactor (18) are respectively connected to the tail gas pipeline (21) through tail gas branch pipes.