No-tillage rape ditching seeder before winter

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil planting, and particularly relates to a before-winter no-tillage oilseed rape ditching seeder which comprises a vehicle body, a rack and a seed box arranged on the rack, a seeder is arranged below the rack, and the input end of the seeder is connected with the seed box through a seed falling pipe. A ditching wheel is hinged to the position, located at the front end of the seeder, of the lower portion of the rack, the ditching wheel has the degree of freedom of rotating in the advancing direction of the vehicle body, and the ditching wheel and the seeder are located in the same vertical plane and are parallel to the advancing direction of the vehicle body. According to the utility model, the ditching wheel is additionally arranged on the rack, and the ditching wheel and the seeder are arranged front and back along the advancing direction of the vehicle body, so that rapeseeds are accurately planted into soil without large-area ploughing, the damage to the soil structure is reduced, the soil moisture is favorably kept, and the existing soil moisture is fully utilized to ensure the germination and emergence of the rapeseeds; the problem that rape cannot be sown in time after soil moisture loss caused by soil ploughing is effectively solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to saline-alkali soil planting technical field, concretely relates to a winter before no-tillage rape ditching seeding machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] In agricultural production, the effective utilization of saline-alkali soil has been concerned, and rape as a crop with good salt tolerance has certain advantages in saline-alkali soil planting, which provides a feasible way for the development of saline-alkali soil agriculture.

[0003] Rape is usually planted between September and November, and during planting, rape seeds are usually directly sown in the field, and then plowing and rotary tillage are carried out to send the rape seeds on the surface of the field to the deep part of the field.

[0004] However, this planting method has disadvantages, because plowing and rotary tillage destroy the soil structure, increase soil porosity, and intensify water loss, in the coastal saline-alkali area where water resources are extremely scarce, this water non-conservation condition restricts the germination and growth of rape, directly affects the promotion and planting of rape, reduces the yield and quality of rape, and at the same time, the salt in the soil continuously accumulates on the surface with water evaporation, further intensifying the salinization degree of saline-alkali soil.

[0005] In addition, the rape grown by using this planting method is in a disordered distribution state in the field, and the staff has inconvenience in walking in the field during rape management, which increases the management difficulty and is also easy to cause damage to the rape plants due to improper operation. And in the process of mechanized harvesting, the harvesting equipment is easy to roll over the rape, resulting in a large amount of loss of rape. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a winter before no-tillage rape ditching seeding machine, by additionally arranging a ditching wheel on the frame, the ditching wheel and the seeder are arranged in front and back along the advancing direction of the vehicle body, so that the rape seeds are accurately planted into the soil, without large-area plowing, reducing the damage to the soil structure, being beneficial to maintaining soil moisture, ensuring rape emergence, and reducing the problem of intensifying salinization of saline-alkali soil.

[0007] The specific technical scheme adopted by the utility model is:

[0008] A winter before no-tillage rape ditching seeding machine, comprising a vehicle body, a frame and a seed box arranged on the frame, a seeder is arranged below the frame, the input end of the seeder is connected with the seed box through a seed dropping pipe, a ditching wheel is hingedly connected below the frame at the front end of the seeder, the ditching wheel has a degree of freedom of rotation along the advancing direction of the vehicle body, and the ditching wheel and the seeder are located in the same vertical plane and are parallel to the advancing direction of the vehicle body.

[0009] The seeder comprises two groups of limiting wheel plates which are symmetrical left and right along the advancing direction of the vehicle body, the limiting wheel plates are hinged to the frame, the front ends of the two groups of limiting wheel plates are close to each other and the rear ends are away from each other, a gap between the two groups of limiting wheel plates forms a dropping channel, the output end of the seed dropping pipe is located in the dropping channel, the seeds enter the dropping channel through the seed dropping pipe and fall into the ditch opened by the ditching wheel, the ditching wheel and the seed dropping channel are located in the same vertical plane and are parallel to the advancing direction of the vehicle body.

[0010] The outer circumference of the ditching wheel is provided with arc-shaped ditching grooves, the ditching grooves are arranged in a ring shape with multiple groups taking the center of the circle of the ditching wheel as the center, and the edges between adjacent ditching grooves on the ditching wheel are in a blade-shaped structure.

[0011] The frame is further provided with a fertilizer box, the fertilizer box is connected with the input end of the seeder through a fertilizer pipe, and the output end of the fertilizer pipe is parallel to the output end of the seed dropping pipe along the advancing direction of the vehicle body.

[0012] The frame is further provided with a pressing wheel at the rear end of the seeder below the frame, and the track formed by the pressing wheel is coincided with the track formed by the ditching wheel.

[0013] The frame is further provided with a bifurcated wheel between the ditching wheel and the seeder, the bifurcated wheel is symmetrically arranged along the advancing direction of the vehicle body, and the front end of the bifurcated wheel is inclined to the symmetry axis, the bifurcated wheel comprises a hinge part in a wheel disc shape and a plurality of bifurcated claws arranged in a ring shape on the outer circumference of the hinge part, the hinge part is hinged to the frame, and the bifurcated claws are in an arc-shaped strip structure.

[0014] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect is:

[0015] 1、 the utility model discloses a seeder protects the structure of soil and reduces the loss of soil moisture when sowing. The traditional planting method of oilseed rape adopts the form of sowing first and then ploughing, and large-area ploughing destroys the structure of soil, increases soil porosity and intensifies water loss. In the saline-alkali region where water resources are extremely scarce, this water loss condition restricts the growth and development of oilseed rape, and makes the salt in the soil continuously gather on the surface with water evaporation, further intensifying the degree of salinization of saline-alkali soil.

[0016] Therefore, the utility model adds a ditching wheel on the frame, and the ditching wheel opens a ditch suitable for oilseed rape seed sowing when oilseed rape is planted. Since the ditching wheel and the seeder are arranged front and back along the advancing direction of the vehicle body, the output end of the seeder must pass through the ditch opened by the ditching wheel, so that the oilseed rape seeds are accurately planted in the soil without the need for large-area ploughing.

[0017] This way reduces the damage to the soil structure, is conducive to maintaining soil moisture, and makes full use of the existing soil moisture to ensure the germination and emergence of the rape, effectively deals with the problem that the rape cannot be sown in time after the soil moisture is lost due to soil ploughing, and reduces the problem of the intensification of salinization of saline-alkali land. Meanwhile, the orderly ditching and sowing helps the rape to form a relatively neat distribution in the field, facilitating subsequent harvesting.

[0018] 2、The seeder in the utility model is formed by two groups of left-right symmetrical limiting wheel plates, gaps of which form a material falling channel, ensuring that the seeds are accurately dropped into the ditch opened by the ditching wheel, guaranteeing accurate sowing position and improving sowing quality, so that the rape is distributed relatively neatly in the field, facilitating subsequent harvesting.

[0019] 3、Since the soil of the saline-alkali land is relatively hard, the ordinary wheel plate has large resistance when opening the ditch, therefore, the utility model adds a ditching groove on the outer circumference of the ditching wheel, which can cut into the soil in a cutting manner when the wheel plate rotates, compared with the smooth wheel plate, it can more easily break the soil and avoid large pieces of cohesive soil from being excavated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the surface of the soil after sowing;

[0021] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 is a side structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 is a bottom structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the distributing wheel;

[0025] In the drawings, 1 is a rack, 2 is a seed box, 3 is a seed dropping pipe, 4 is a ditching wheel, 5 is a limiting wheel plate, 6 is a ditching groove, 7 is a fertilizer box, 8 is a fertilizer application pipe, 9 is a pressing wheel, 10 is a fork wheel, 11 is a hinged part, and 12 is a distributing claw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The utility model will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0027] The specific embodiments are as follows: Figures 1-4As shown, the utility model provides a kind of winter before no-till rape ditching seeding machine, including vehicle body, frame 1 and the seed tank 2 being arranged on frame 1, the frame 1 below is provided with sower, the input end of sower is connected with seed tank 2 by means of seed dropping tube 3, the frame 1 below is hinged with ditching wheel 4 at the front end of sower, the ditching wheel 4 has the freedom of rotation along the direction of vehicle body advancement, and the output end of sower is located in the same vertical plane with ditching wheel 4 and is parallel with the direction of vehicle body advancement respectively.

[0028] Rape is usually planted by directly scattering rape seed into field, and then plowing and rotary tillage operation is carried out to send rape seed in surface layer of field to deep place of field. However, this planting method has disadvantages. Since plowing and rotary tillage destroys soil structure, soil porosity is increased, and water loss is intensified. In saline-alkali region where water resource is extremely scarce, this water non-conserving condition restricts growth and development of rape, and reduces yield and quality of rape. Meanwhile, salt in soil continuously gathers to surface with water evaporation, and further intensifies salinization degree of saline-alkali soil.

[0029] In addition, rape grown by using this planting method is in disordered distribution state in field, and staff member is inconvenient to walk in field during rape management period, management difficulty is increased, and rape plant is also easily damaged due to improper operation. And during mechanized harvesting, harvesting equipment is extremely easy to roll over rape in operation process, and a large amount of rape is lost.

[0030] Therefore, in the utility model, ditching wheel 4 is additionally arranged on frame 1. When rape is planted, ditching wheel 4 rotates along the direction of vehicle body advancement, and carries out ditching operation on soil, and opens ditch suitable for rape seed sowing. Since ditching wheel 4 and sower are arranged in front and back along the direction of vehicle body advancement, output end of sower must pass through ditch opened by ditching wheel 4, so that rape seed is accurately planted into soil. Figure 1 As shown, wherein A is opened ditch, and B filled in A is rape seed.

[0031] This method does not need to plow large area, avoids disadvantages of traditional planting method of scattering seed first and then plowing, reduces damage to soil structure, is beneficial to maintain soil moisture, guarantees rape emergence, and alleviates problem of intensification of salinization of saline-alkali soil. Meanwhile, orderly ditching and sowing are helpful to form relatively neat distribution of rape in field, and facilitate subsequent harvesting.

[0032] The seeder includes two sets of symmetrically positioned limiting discs 5 along the vehicle's forward direction. The limiting discs 5 are hinged to the frame 1, with their front ends close together and their rear ends far apart. The gap between the two sets of limiting discs 5 forms a material discharge channel. The output end of the seed-dropping tube 3 is located within this channel. Seeds pass through the seed-dropping tube 3 into the channel and fall into the furrows created by the furrow-opening wheel 4. The furrow-opening wheel 4 and the seed-dropping channel are located in the same vertical plane and are parallel to the vehicle's forward direction. The material discharge channel formed by the two sets of limiting discs 5 allows for precise seed placement into the furrows created by the furrow-opening wheel 4, ensuring accurate sowing position, improving sowing quality, and resulting in a more uniform distribution of rapeseed, thus enhancing harvesting convenience.

[0033] Other examples Figure 4 As shown, because the front ends of the two sets of limiting discs 5 are close together and the rear ends are far apart, the seeder as a whole forms a pointed structure, which can help to properly widen and shape the ditch, ensuring that the rapeseed can fall into the ditch smoothly.

[0034] The furrowing wheel 4 has arc-shaped furrowing grooves 6 on its outer circumference. Multiple sets of these grooves are arranged in a circular array around the center of the furrowing wheel 4. The edges of adjacent furrowing grooves 6 on the furrowing wheel 4 have a blade-like structure. Because the soil in saline-alkali land is relatively hard, ordinary rotary wheels experience high resistance when furrowing. Therefore, this invention adds furrowing grooves 6 to the outer circumference of the furrowing wheel 4. When the wheel rotates, the furrowing grooves 6 can cut into the soil in a cutting manner. Compared to a smooth rotary wheel, this more easily breaks up the soil, preventing large areas of cohesive soil from being excavated. In conjunction with the forked wheel 10, it can avoid large-area rotary tillage while promoting soil loosening and aeration, thus promoting rapeseed growth.

[0035] The frame 1 is also equipped with a fertilizer box 7, which is connected to the input end of the seeder via a fertilizer pipe 8. The output end of the fertilizer pipe 8 and the output end of the seed pipe 3 are arranged parallel to each other along the forward direction of the vehicle. The addition of the fertilizer box 7 and the fertilizer pipe 8 enables the seeder to integrate furrowing, sowing and fertilization, thereby improving planting efficiency.

[0036] Below the frame 1, at the rear end of the seeder, is a compaction wheel 9. The trajectory of the compaction wheel coincides with the trajectory of the furrowing wheel 4. The compaction wheel 9 compacts the soil after sowing.

[0037] The frame 1 is provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower 4 and a seeder, and further provided with a furrower

Claims

1. A pre-winter no-till oilseed rape drilling machine comprising a vehicle body, a frame (1) and a seed tank (2) arranged on the frame (1), a seed drill being arranged below the frame (1), the input of the seed drill being connected to the seed tank (2) by means of a seed drop tube (3), characterized in that The frame (1) is hinged with a furrower (4) at the front end of the seeder below, the furrower (4) has the freedom of rotation along the advancing direction of the vehicle body, and the furrower (4) is in the same vertical plane as the seeder and is parallel to the advancing direction of the vehicle body.

2. A pre-winter no-till oilseed sunflower sowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seeder comprises two groups of limiting wheel discs (5) which are left-right symmetrical along the advancing direction of the vehicle body, the limiting wheel discs (5) are hinged with the frame (1), the front ends of the two groups of limiting wheel discs (5) are close to each other and the rear ends are away from each other, the gap between the two groups of limiting wheel discs (5) forms a material falling channel, the output end of the seed dropping pipe (3) is located in the material falling channel, the seeds enter the material falling channel through the seed dropping pipe (3) and fall into the furrow opened by the furrower (4), and the furrower (4) is in the same vertical plane as the seed dropping channel and is parallel to the advancing direction of the vehicle body.

3. A pre-winter no-till oilseed sunflower sowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer circumference of the furrower (4) is provided with an arc-shaped furrow groove (6), the furrow groove (6) is arranged in a ring array with multiple groups with the center of the circle of the furrower (4) as the center, and the edge between adjacent furrow grooves (6) on the furrower (4) is in a blade-shaped structure.

4. A pre-winter no-till oilseed sunflower sowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (1) is further provided with a fertilizer box (7), the fertilizer box (7) is connected with the input end of the seeder through a fertilizer pipe (8), and the output end of the fertilizer pipe (8) is arranged in front of and parallel to the output end of the seed dropping pipe (3) along the advancing direction of the vehicle body.

5. A pre-winter no-till oilseed sunflower sowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (1) is further provided with a press wheel (9) at the rear end of the seeder below, and the track formed by the press wheel (9) advancing coincides with the track formed by the furrower (4) advancing.

6. A pre-winter no-till oilseed sunflower sowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (1) is further provided with a bifurcated wheel (10) between the furrower (4) and the seeder, the bifurcated wheel (10) is arranged left-right symmetrical along the advancing direction of the vehicle body, and the front end of the bifurcated wheel (10) is inclined to the symmetry axis, the bifurcated wheel (10) comprises a hinged part (11) in the form of a wheel disc and a distribution claw (12) arranged in a ring array on the outer circumference of the hinged part (11), the hinged part (11) is hinged with the frame (1), and the distribution claw (12) is in an arc strip structure.

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