Normal-pressure cutterhead and heading machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a normal-pressure cutterhead and a heading machine, which comprise a plurality of main beams with box-type structures, a normal-pressure cutter cylinder universal for hobs and tearing cutters is arranged in an inner cavity of each box-type structure, and a hob shaft of each hob is detachably connected with the corresponding normal-pressure cutter cylinder through a C-shaped block and a pressing block. A tearing cutter holder of the tearing cutter is detachably connected with the normal-pressure cutter cylinder through a pressing block. By arranging the normal-pressure cutter cylinders, hobs can be installed in all the normal-pressure cutter cylinders, or tearing cutters can be installed in all the normal-pressure cutter cylinders, or hobs can be installed in one part of the normal-pressure cutter cylinders, and tearing cutters can be installed in the other part of the normal-pressure cutter cylinders, so that the tunneling machine can adapt to excavation of different geologies; in addition, only pressure scrapers which do not occupy space can be arranged on the two sides of the main beam, due to the fact that no auxiliary beam is designed, the structural size of the main beam can be enlarged as much as possible, the aperture opening ratio is enlarged while the size of the main beam is enlarged, the slag slipping smoothness can be effectively improved when the composite stratum is excavated, and the mud cake forming probability is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of heading machine cutter head, especially a normal pressure cutter head and heading machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the emphasis on construction safety and convenience in recent years, the normal pressure cutter head is more widely used according to its advantage of changing cutter in normal pressure environment. However, due to the limitation of installation and cutter changing operation space of the normal pressure cutter drum, it is currently only applied to large diameter cutter heads above 12 meters, and the application to smaller diameter cutter heads has also gradually become a new market demand.

[0003] At present, the normal pressure cutter head is basically designed with six main beams. For large diameter cutter heads, the opening rate for slagging can be ensured to be large enough, while for smaller diameter cutter heads, the opening rate is small due to the large space occupied by the main beam cutter changing. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the main beam box structure to optimize the slagging channel, improve the universality of the normal pressure cutter drum, replace different types of cutters, adapt to different strata, reduce the number of main beams, optimize the arrangement of normal pressure scrapers, increase the opening rate, especially the opening rate in the central area, and thus reduce the probability of mud cake.

[0004] Although there is a five-main-beam normal pressure cutter head in the prior art, for example, the invention patent application with the application publication date of July 21, 2023 and the application publication number of CN 116464466 A discloses a five-main-arm composite cutter head for a shield machine. The cutter head body is provided with a mounting part connected with the cutter head shell. The surface of the cutter head body is provided with five main arms. The surface of each main arm is uniformly provided with normal pressure cutters from the center to the edge. The outer edge of the main arm is provided with edge pressure cutters. The cutter head body between adjacent main arms is provided with pressure cutters. The two sides of the main arm are staggered with normal pressure scrapers and pressure scrapers. The vice beam is arranged with a plurality of pressure cutter boxes. The vice beam occupies a large area. The number of normal pressure scrapers in the main beam is large, which also occupies a large area of the main beam. The overall opening rate and the central opening rate of the cutter head are small, and the probability of mud cake cannot be reduced.

[0005] It should be particularly noted that the above technical information is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the utility model, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or implying in any form that the above technical information constitutes the prior art known to those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the above background technology, the utility model provides a normal pressure cutter head and heading machine, which solves the technical problem of improving the normal pressure cutter head slagging smoothness and reducing the probability of mud cake for composite stratum excavation.

[0007] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

[0008] The application discloses a normal-pressure cutter head, which comprises a plurality of spoke-shaped main beams, wherein the main beams are in a box structure, a normal-pressure cutter barrel shared by a rolling cutter and a tearing cutter is arranged in the inner cavity of the box structure, a rolling cutter shaft of the rolling cutter is detachably connected with the normal-pressure cutter barrel through a C-shaped block and a pressing block, and a tearing cutter seat of the tearing cutter is detachably connected with the normal-pressure cutter barrel through the pressing block.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical scheme, as the preferred technical scheme of the normal-pressure cutter head, the rolling cutter is a single-blade rolling cutter, a double-blade rolling cutter or a three-blade rolling cutter, and the tearing cutter is a single-head tearing cutter, a double-head tearing cutter or a three-head tearing cutter.

[0010] On the basis of the above technical scheme, as the preferred technical scheme of the normal-pressure cutter head, the main beam is provided with a normal-pressure scraper on the two sides close to the edge of the cutter head, and a pressure scraper is arranged at the two side edges of the main beam. The pressure scraper in the technical scheme does not excessively occupy the space of the main beam, can enhance the rock breaking effect, and is convenient for replacement of the normal-pressure scraper.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical scheme, as the preferred technical scheme of the normal-pressure cutter head, the main beam and the auxiliary beam are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the cutter head, the auxiliary beam is connected between adjacent main beams through a ring rib, and a side-to-side scraper is arranged on the two sides of the auxiliary beam. The technical scheme only arranges the side-to-side scraper on the auxiliary beam, so that the size of the auxiliary beam can be reduced, the slagging opening between the main beam and the auxiliary beam can be enlarged, the slagging smoothness during the excavation of the composite stratum can be improved, and the probability of mud cake can be reduced.

[0012] On the basis of the above technical scheme, as the preferred technical scheme of the normal-pressure cutter head, the pressure scrapers are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the main beam, so that the probability of mud cake can be further reduced, and the excavation effect can be enhanced.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical scheme, as the preferred technical scheme of the normal-pressure cutter head, the edge of the main beam towards the auxiliary beam is connected with a plurality of grid plates which are spaced apart from the auxiliary beam, and adjacent grid plates are arranged at intervals and each grid plate is arranged at intervals with the ring rib, so that the probability of mud cake can be further reduced, and the excavation effect can be enhanced.

[0014] On the basis of the above technical scheme, as the preferred technical scheme of the atmospheric pressure cutter head, the auxiliary beam and the ring muscle are both conical box structures, the front end size of the conical box structure towards the working face is larger than the rear end size towards the slurry bin, which is not only beneficial to slagging, but also can improve the structural strength and rigidity, and prevent deformation caused by extrusion of large stones.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical scheme, as the preferred technical scheme of the atmospheric pressure cutter head, the conical box structure comprises an end plate towards the working face, the back of the end plate is connected with a vertical plate, and the two sides of the vertical plate and the back of the end plate are both connected with a side plate.

[0016] On the basis of the above technical scheme, as the preferred technical scheme of the atmospheric pressure cutter head, each main beam converges into one body in the central region of the cutter head, and the atmospheric pressure cutter barrel in the central region is used for arranging the protruding cutter with a fish tail-shaped cutting track. The protruding cutter in the central region can make the cutter head more accurately align with the center of the tunnel, which is beneficial to the accurate tunneling track, and the track is fish tail-shaped, so that the cutter head can extrude the slag from the middle to the opening place of the periphery when rotating, which is beneficial to slagging and further reduces the probability of mud cake in the central region.

[0017] On the basis of the above technical scheme, as the preferred technical scheme of the atmospheric pressure cutter head, the protruding cutter is a rolling cutter or a tearing cutter.

[0018] On the basis of the above technical scheme, as the preferred technical scheme of the atmospheric pressure cutter head, the box structure is a multi-fold inward box structure, and the front end size of the multi-fold inward box structure towards the working face is larger than the rear end size towards the slurry bin. In the case of ensuring the cutter changing space, the multi-fold inward box structure can increase the slag flow slope, so that the slagging is more smooth and prevents blockage.

[0019] An excavating machine comprises a shield body, and the front end of the shield body is provided with the atmospheric pressure cutter head of any one of the above technical schemes.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the atmospheric pressure cutter head and the excavating machine using the atmospheric pressure cutter head have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The main beam is a multi-fold inward box structure, which can increase the slag flow slope, so that the slagging is more smooth and prevents blockage.

[0022] 2. The atmospheric pressure cutter barrel can realize the interchange of the rolling cutter and the tearing cutter, and can also realize the interchange of single-blade rolling cutters, double-blade rolling cutters and three-blade rolling cutters, thereby improving the adaptability of the cutter barrel and the cutter head to composite strata and improving the excavating efficiency.

[0023] 3. Compared with the existing six-main-beam atmospheric pressure cutter head, the main beam and the auxiliary beam are connected through the ring muscle, which is more suitable for small-diameter atmospheric pressure cutter heads, so that the overall opening rate of the cutter head is larger, and the probability of mud cake is reduced.

[0024] 4. The atmospheric pressure scraper is arranged only at the position close to the large circular ring of the main beam of the cutter head, which can not only reduce the number of scrapers and save the cost of cutters, but also save the area of the atmospheric pressure tool changing cabin in the main beam, and further increase the opening rate of the center of the cutter head.

[0025] 5. The cutter in the center area is a protruding cutter, which can make the cutter head more accurately align with the center of the tunnel, and is beneficial to the accurate tunneling trajectory, and the atmospheric pressure cutter barrel in the center area can install both the rolling cutter and the tearing cutter, and the cutter trajectory is in the shape of a fish tail, which can extrude the spoil to the outer circle when the cutter head rotates, and further reduce the probability of mud cake in the center area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the following embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a front view of the atmospheric pressure cutter head;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the main beam;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a state diagram of the atmospheric pressure cutter barrel respectively installing the rolling cutter and the tearing cutter;

[0030] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 a cross-sectional view;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a state diagram of the atmospheric pressure cutter barrel respectively installing the single-blade rolling cutter, the double-blade rolling cutter and the three-blade rolling cutter;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a cutting trajectory diagram of the protruding cutter;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the main beam vertical section and the stirring rod;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the ring rib.

[0035] Explanation of the drawings:

[0036] Main beam 1, atmospheric pressure cutter barrel 2, pressure scraper 4, auxiliary beam 5, opposite side scraper 6, ring rib 7;

[0037] End plate 701, vertical plate 702, side plate 703;

[0038] Grating plate 8, protruding cutter 9;

[0039] Tearing knife head 10, tearing knife seat 11, hob ring 12, C block 13, hob shaft 14, compression block 15, tension bolt 16, stirring rod 17, tearing knife 18, single blade hob 19, double blade hob 20, three-blade hob 21, fastening bolt 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the core idea of the present application and the following embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] The present application provides these embodiments in order to make the present application thorough and complete, and fully express the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of components and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and values described in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary, and not as a limitation.

[0042] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "several" is greater than or equal to two; the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial" and the like is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0043] In addition, "first", "second" and similar words used in the present application do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the allowable range of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the allowable range of error. "Include" or "contain" and similar words mean that the elements before the word cover the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of also covering other elements.

[0044] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When it is described that a specific device is located between the first device and the second device, there can be or can not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device.

[0045] All the terms used in the present application have the same meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that the terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or excessively formalized sense, unless otherwise defined explicitly herein.

[0046] The techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the techniques, methods, and devices should be considered as part of the specification.

[0047] In view of the deficiencies in the above background art, the atmospheric cutter head proposed in the present application can solve the problems of small opening rate, poor slagging, and serious mud cake in the composite formation. The core is that a plurality of cutter universal cutter barrels are arranged on the atmospheric cutter head to realize formation adaptability, thereby reducing the size of the cutter mounting structure, and a new type of main beam and vice beam structure can be arranged on the atmospheric cutter head to increase the slagging efficiency of the cutter head.

[0048] The specific implementation is as follows:

[0049] An atmospheric cutter head, as shown in Figure 1 , includes main beams 1 and vice beams 5 arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the cutter head. The vice beams 5 are arranged between adjacent main beams 1, and the vice beams 5 and the main beams 1 are spaced apart from each other. The spacing is a slagging port for slagging. This part of the technical features is the same as the existing technology introduced in the background art.

[0050] The uniqueness of the present embodiment is that the main beam 1 is a box structure, as shown in Figure 2 , the box structure is provided with an atmospheric cutter barrel 2 for replacing installation of a rolling cutter and a tearing cutter 18 in the inner cavity. As shown in Figure 5As shown, the cutter barrel 2 can be installed with a rolling cutter or a tearing cutter. The rolling cutter can be a single-blade rolling cutter 19, a double-blade rolling cutter 20, or a three-blade rolling cutter 21. Similarly, the tearing cutter 18 can be a single-head tearing cutter or a double-head tearing cutter.

[0051] When the cutter barrel 2 is installed with a rolling cutter, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the cutter barrel 2 is equipped with a C-block 13 and a pressing block 15. The C-block 13 is connected to the cutter barrel 2 through a fastening bolt 22, and the pressing block 15 is connected to the cutter barrel 2 through a tensioning bolt 16. The rolling cutter shaft 14 is fixed between the C-block 13 and the pressing block 15, and the rolling cutter ring 12 extends out of the cutter barrel 2.

[0052] When the cutter barrel 2 is installed with a tearing cutter, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the cutter barrel 2 is only equipped with a pressing block 15. The pressing block 15 is connected to the cutter barrel 2 through a tensioning bolt 16, and the tearing cutter seat 11 connected to the tearing cutter head 10 is placed in the space originally occupied by the C-block 13. The pressing inclined surface of the pressing block 15 cooperates with the inclined surface on the tearing cutter seat 11, and the tearing cutter head 10 extends out of the cutter barrel 2.

[0053] As shown in Figure 1 , the main beam 1 is provided with a pressure scraping cutter 4 at the two side edges facing the auxiliary beam 5. The pressure scraping cutter 4 does not occupy much space, but can work together with the rolling cutter or the tearing cutter installed in the cutter barrel 2 to achieve better collaborative excavation effect.

[0054] As shown in Figure 1 , the auxiliary beam 5 is connected between adjacent main beams 1 through a ring rib 7, and the two sides of the auxiliary beam 5 are provided with a side scraping cutter 6. Since only the pressure scraping cutter 4 is arranged on the two sides of the main beam 1, and only the side scraping cutter 6 is arranged on the auxiliary beam 5, the size of the main beam 1 and the size of the auxiliary beam 5 can be reduced, thereby expanding the slag sliding opening between the main beam 1 and the auxiliary beam 5, improving the smoothness of slag sliding, and reducing the probability of mud cake.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment of the cutter head, a plurality of main beams 1 are distributed in a spoke shape. The main beam 1 is a box structure, and a cutter barrel 2 common to the rolling cutter and the tearing cutter 18 is arranged in the inner cavity of the box structure. The rolling cutter shaft of the rolling cutter is detachably connected to the cutter barrel 2 through a C-block 13 and a pressing block 15, and the tearing cutter seat 11 of the tearing cutter 18 is detachably connected to the cutter barrel 2 through the pressing block 15.

[0056] The embodiment can install the rolling cutter in all of the normal pressure cutter barrels 2, or install the tearing cutter 18 in all of the normal pressure cutter barrels 2, or install the rolling cutter in part of the normal pressure cutter barrels 2 and install the tearing cutter 18 in the other normal pressure cutter barrels 2, so as to adapt to the excavation of different geologies, and the space-occupying scraping cutter with pressure can be arranged on the two sides of the main beam, and the structure size of the main beam 1 can be expanded as much as possible, and the opening rate is also expanded, so as to effectively improve the smoothness of the slag sliding and reduce the probability of mud cake during the excavation of the composite stratum.

[0057] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the normal pressure cutter head, the rolling cutter is a single-blade rolling cutter or a double-blade rolling cutter or a three-blade rolling cutter, and the tearing cutter 18 is a single-head tearing cutter or a double-head tearing cutter or a three-head tearing cutter.

[0058] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the normal pressure cutter head, the normal pressure scraping cutter 3 is arranged on the two sides of the main beam 1 close to the edge of the cutter head, and the scraping cutter with pressure 4 is arranged at the two side edges of the main beam 1. The scraping cutter with pressure 4 in the technical solution does not excessively occupy the space of the main beam 1, can enhance the rock breaking effect, and is convenient for replacement of the normal pressure scraping cutter 3.

[0059] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the normal pressure cutter head, the scraping cutters with pressure 4 are arranged at intervals in the radial direction of the main beam 1, so as to further reduce the probability of mud cake and enhance the excavation effect.

[0060] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the normal pressure cutter head, the edge of the main beam 1 towards the auxiliary beam 5 is connected with a plurality of grid plates 8 spaced from the auxiliary beam 5, and the adjacent grid plates 8 are arranged at intervals and each grid plate 8 is arranged at intervals with the ring rib 7, so as to further reduce the probability of mud cake and enhance the excavation effect.

[0061] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the normal pressure cutter head, the auxiliary beam 5 and the ring rib 7 are both in a conical box structure, and the front end of the conical box structure towards the working face is larger in size than the rear end towards the slurry bin, which is not only beneficial to the slag sliding, but also can improve the structural strength and rigidity and prevent the deformation caused by the extrusion of large stones.

[0062] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the normal pressure cutter head, as shown in Figure 8 The conical box structure comprises an end plate 701 towards the working face, a vertical plate 702 connected to the back of the end plate 701, and a side plate 703 connected between the two sides of the vertical plate 702 and the back of the end plate 701.

[0063] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the normal pressure cutter head, as shown in Figure 1 andFigure 6 As shown, each main beam 1 converges into one body at the center area of the cutter head, and the normal pressure cutter barrel 2 in the center area is used to set the protruding cutter 9 with a fish tail-shaped cutting track. The protruding cutter 9 in the center area can make the cutter head more accurately aligned with the center of the tunnel, which is beneficial to the accurate tunneling track, and the fish tail-shaped track can extrude the muck from the middle to the periphery with openings when the cutter head rotates, which is beneficial to muck discharge and further reduces the probability of mud cake in the center area.

[0064] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the normal pressure cutter head, the protruding cutter 9 is a roller cutter or a tearing cutter. Specifically, the roller cutter can be a single-blade roller cutter 19, a double-blade roller cutter 20, or a three-blade roller cutter 21. Similarly, the tearing cutter can be a single-head tearing cutter or a double-head tearing cutter.

[0065] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the normal pressure cutter head, the box structure is a multi-fold inward box structure, and the front end size of the multi-fold inward box structure towards the working face is larger than the rear end size towards the slurry bin. In the case of ensuring the cutter replacement space, the multi-fold inward box structure can increase the muck flow slope to make the muck discharge more smooth and prevent blockage.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment of the normal pressure cutter head, the purpose of the application is to provide a normal pressure cutter head for composite strata, so as to optimize the muck discharge channel, increase the opening rate of the cutter head, reduce the probability of mud cake, and further improve the tunneling efficiency. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the normal pressure cutter head of the embodiment has:

[0067] The main beam 1 is a multi-fold inward box structure, which increases the muck flow slope to make the muck discharge more smooth and prevent blockage in the case of ensuring the cutter replacement space.

[0068] The inside of the main beam 1 is a normal pressure cutter replacement cabin, and the normal pressure cutter barrel 2 is arranged thereon. The normal pressure cutter barrel 2 can realize the exchange of roller cutters and tearing cutters, or the exchange of single-blade roller cutters, double-blade roller cutters, and three-blade roller cutters, which improves the adaptability of the cutter head in soft soil, soft rock, hard rock, and other composite strata, and improves the tunneling efficiency.

[0069] The center area of the main beam 1 is a protruding cutter 9, which can be a roller cutter or a tearing cutter, and the track is fish tail-shaped. When the cutter head rotates, the muck can be extruded from the middle to the periphery with openings, which is beneficial to muck discharge and further reduces the probability of mud cake in the center area. The fish tail-shaped cutter in the industry is realized by a tearing cutter, and the present embodiment can realize a roller cutter fish tail cutter. The center cutter protrusion can make the cutter head more accurately aligned with the center of the tunnel, which is beneficial to the accurate tunneling track.

[0070] The main beam 1 is provided with five box structures in a radial manner, and each main beam 1 converges into one body at the center area of the cutter head. Compared with the six main beam design, it is more beneficial to increase the opening rate of the small diameter cutter head.

[0071] The outer ring of the main beam 1 is only equipped with a normal pressure scraper 3 in the arc area, and the two sides of the main beam 1 are equipped with a pressure scraper 4 to reduce the area occupied by the normal pressure box and increase the opening.

[0072] The secondary beam 5 is located between the main beams 1, and there is an edge scraper 6 on its outer ring.

[0073] The main beam 1 and the secondary beam 5 are connected by ring reinforcement 7, which serves to strengthen the structure and limit the particle size.

[0074] Both the secondary beam 5 and the ring reinforcement 7 are conical box structures, which not only facilitates slag discharge but also improves the structural strength and rigidity, preventing deformation caused by large rocks.

[0075] like Figure 7 As shown, the stirring rod 17 on the rear side of the main beam 1 is frustum-shaped, which not only ensures stirring efficiency but also reduces wear, stirring resistance, and torque.

[0076] This embodiment improves tunneling efficiency by optimizing the slag chute, increasing the cutterhead opening ratio, and reducing the probability of mud cake formation through innovative design of the main beam structure and quantity, optimized scraper configuration, forward protrusion of the central cutter, and improved cutterhead versatility.

[0077] Furthermore, the main beam 1 of the multi-fold inward-retracting box structure has an atmospheric pressure tool changing chamber inside, on which an atmospheric pressure tool cylinder 2 is arranged. The atmospheric pressure tool cylinder 2 can realize the interchange of hobbing cutters and tearing cutters, as well as the interchange of single-edged, double-edged, and triple-edged hobbing cutters. The main beams converge in the central area, and the central cutter is a protruding tool. In addition to installing tearing cutters, hobbing cutters 9 can also be installed.

[0078] The tearing blade installed inside the atmospheric pressure cutter cylinder 2 includes two tearing blade heads 10 and a tearing blade holder 11 connecting the two tearing blade heads 10. The tearing blade holder 11 is located at the original position of the C-block 13 on the atmospheric pressure cutter cylinder 2. The bottom of the tearing blade holder 11 is fixed to the atmospheric pressure cutter cylinder 2 by fastening bolts 22, and the clamping block 15 is clamped and fixed to the tearing blade holder 11 by tensioning bolts 16. When the atmospheric pressure cutter cylinder 2 is changed from a roller cutter to a tearing blade, only the C-block 13 needs to be removed, and the force on the cutter remains the same.

[0079] The main beam 1 consists of five radial box-shaped structures, with the outermost part being fan-shaped. In order to provide space for the outer arc area to arrange the normal pressure scraper 3, the main beam is equipped with pressure scrapers 4 on both sides.

[0080] The secondary beam 5 is arranged alternately with the main beam 1, and the edges of the secondary beam 5 are arranged with opposite scrapers 6 on both sides near the large circular ring.

[0081] Furthermore, the atmospheric pressure cutterhead provided in this embodiment is not limited to a five-main-beam structure, but can also be in other forms with four main beams, six main beams, or other main beam quantities.

[0082] Further, the sub-beam 5 in the embodiment can be a strip-shaped steel plate, or a box-shaped structure, and a belt presser can be arranged thereon.

[0083] A tunneling machine comprises a shield body, and a front end of the shield body is provided with the atmospheric pressure cutter head according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0084] The details not described in the utility model are conventional technical means known by those skilled in the art.

[0085] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and beneficial effects of the utility model. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not used to limit the utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A normal pressure cutterhead comprising a number of main beams (1) distributed in the form of spokes, characterized in that: The main beam (1) is a box structure, and a normal pressure cutter barrel (2) commonly used by a hob and a tear cutter (18) is arranged in the inner cavity of the box structure, a hob cutter shaft of the hob is detachably connected with the normal pressure cutter barrel (2) through a C-shaped block (13) and a pressing block (15), and a tear cutter seat (11) of the tear cutter (18) is detachably connected with the normal pressure cutter barrel (2) through the pressing block (15).

2. The standard pressure cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hob is a single-blade hob, a double-blade hob or a three-blade hob, and the tear cutter (18) is a single-head tear cutter, a double-head tear cutter or a three-head tear cutter.

3. The standard pressure cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main beam (1) is provided with a normal pressure scraping cutter (3) near the edges of the cutter head, and a belt pressure scraping cutter (4) is arranged at the two side edges of the main beam (1).

4. The normal pressure cutterhead according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The main beam (1) and the auxiliary beam (5) are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the cutter head, the auxiliary beam (5) is connected between adjacent main beams (1) through a ring rib (7), and opposite scraping cutters (6) are arranged at the two sides of the auxiliary beam (5).

5. The standard pressure cutterhead of claim 4, wherein: The main beam (1) is connected with a plurality of grid plates (8) spaced from the auxiliary beam (5) at the edges of the auxiliary beam (5), the adjacent grid plates (8) are arranged at intervals, and each grid plate (8) is arranged at intervals with the ring rib (7).

6. The standard pressure cutterhead of claim 5, wherein: The auxiliary beam (5) and the ring rib (7) are both conical box structures, and the front end of the conical box structure towards the working surface is larger than the rear end towards the slurry bin.

7. The standard pressure cutterhead of claim 6, wherein: The conical box structure comprises an end plate (701) towards the working surface, a back of the end plate (701) is connected with a vertical plate (702), and both sides of the vertical plate (702) and the back of the end plate (701) are connected with a side plate (703).

8. The normal pressure cutterhead according to any one of claims 1-3, 5-7, characterized in that: Each main beam (1) converges at the center region of the cutter head, and the normal pressure cutter barrel (2) at the center region is used to arrange a protruding cutter (9) with a fish tail-shaped cutting track.

9. The standard pressure cutterhead of claim 8, wherein: The protruding cutter (9) is a hob or a tear cutter.

10. The standard pressure cutterhead according to any one of claims 1-3, 5-7, 9, characterized in that: The box structure is a multi-folded inward box structure, and the front end of the multi-folded inward box structure towards the working surface is larger than the rear end towards the slurry bin.

11. A heading machine comprising a shield body, characterised in that: The front end of the shield body is provided with the normal pressure cutter head according to any one of claims 1-10.

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