Control system with synergy of heat storage, heat release and heat pump

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat storage and release and heat pump cooperative control system which comprises the steps that in the heat storage period, an energy storage device is controlled to heat a heat storage medium to the set temperature through electric energy in the valley electricity period, and a heat pump device is controlled to heat water to the first temperature through electric energy in the valley electricity period and then store the water in a water storage device; the liquid level of the water storage device reaches the highest liquid level; in the heat supply period, the water storage device is controlled to convey heat storage water to the energy storage device; in the heat supply period, the liquid level of the water storage device is monitored, and the current liquid level is compared with the set critical liquid level and the target liquid level; when the current liquid level is lower than the target liquid level and it is determined that secondary water supplementing is needed, the heat pump device is controlled to supplement heat storage water to the energy storage device to the target liquid level through the electric energy in the level electricity time period; and when the current liquid level is lower than the critical liquid level and it is determined that emergency water supplementing is needed, the heat pump device is controlled to supplement heat storage water to the energy storage device to the target liquid level through the electric energy of the current time period. And the energy utilization efficiency and economy are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heat storage and heat supply control, in particular to a control system for heat storage and heat pump cooperation, which is especially suitable for the cooperative operation of energy storage devices and heat pump devices to realize efficient heat storage and heat supply. BACKGROUND

[0002] In industrial and commercial scenarios, steam is an important energy medium and is widely used for industrial heating, power driving, and hot water supply.

[0003] In the prior art, gas boilers or electric boilers are usually used to directly heat steam.

[0004] However, these methods have the problems of high energy consumption, high operation cost, low heat supply efficiency, and insufficient dynamic regulation and control capability, which do not meet the needs of modern energy optimization and energy saving and emission reduction. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The present application aims to solve the problems of low heat storage and heat supply efficiency, insufficient dynamic regulation and control capability, and poor operation economy in the prior art, and provides a control system for heat storage and heat pump cooperation.

[0006] The present application provides a control system for molten salt heat storage and heat pump cooperation, characterized in that it comprises:

[0007] a heat pump device;

[0008] a water storage device connected to the heat pump device;

[0009] an energy storage device connected to the water storage device and the heat pump device;

[0010] a controller connected to the heat pump device, the water storage device, and the energy storage device;

[0011] The controller is used to control the energy storage device to heat the heat storage medium to the set temperature using the electricity in the valley time period during the heat storage stage, and control the heat pump device to heat water to a first temperature using the electricity in the valley time period and then deliver the water to the water storage device for storage until the liquid level of the water storage device reaches the highest liquid level, and the first temperature is slightly lower than the saturation temperature under the operating pressure of the water storage device.

[0012] The controller is also used to control the water storage device to deliver the stored hot water to the energy storage device during the heat supply period and monitor the current liquid level of the water storage device.

[0013] The controller is further configured to generate and send a secondary water replenishment signal to the heat pump device, so that the heat pump device replenishes the thermal storage water to a target liquid level in the energy storage device using the electrical energy in the flat electricity time period; the target liquid level dynamically changes and is related to the steam demand, the available time length of the water tank liquid level, and the remaining time length from the current time to the next valley electricity time period; the secondary water replenishment signal is generated when the current time is in the heating time period and the current liquid level is lower than the target liquid level;

[0014] The controller is further configured to generate and send an emergency water replenishment signal to the heat pump device, so that the heat pump device replenishes the thermal storage water to the target liquid level in the energy storage device using the electrical energy in the current time period; the current time period is any one of the flat electricity time period and the peak electricity time period; the emergency water replenishment signal is generated when the current time is in the heating time period and the current liquid level is lower than the critical liquid level, and the critical liquid level is less than the target liquid level.

[0015] In some embodiments, the water storage device is arranged to match the shape of the energy storage device, a plurality of the water storage devices are arranged around the outer wall of the energy storage device, and a plurality of the water storage devices are connected by pipelines to form an equal liquid level distribution.

[0016] In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes at least one energy storage module; each energy storage module includes a storage tank filled with the thermal storage medium, the bottom of the storage tank is filled with a filler, and the non-bottom area of the storage tank is filled with the molten salt.

[0017] In some embodiments, one end of the storage tank is provided with a first opening extending to the bottom of the storage tank;

[0018] The energy storage module further includes a sealing structure and a metal heat transfer cylinder, the metal heat transfer cylinder includes a containing cavity provided with a second opening, the filler is filled into the containing cavity through the second opening, the metal heat transfer cylinder is in contact with the bottom of the storage tank through the first opening, and the sealing structure covers the first opening.

[0019] In some embodiments, the sealing structure is an outer cover, the bottom of the storage tank is provided with a fixing structure for fixing the metal heat transfer cylinder, and the position of the fixing structure corresponds to the opening.

[0020] In some embodiments, the sealing structure is a thermal insulation layer, and the thermal insulation layer is used to seal and cover the first opening and the second opening.

[0021] In some embodiments, the sealing structure is a thermal insulation water tank, and the thermal insulation water tank is used to cover the first opening.

[0022] In some technical solutions, the energy storage module further comprises a solid-state heat storage unit and a heat transfer wire, the solid-state heat storage unit comprises at least one cavity filled with a solid-state heat storage material, and the heat transfer wire extends to the bottom of the cavity and is in contact with the solid-state heat storage material, and the heat transfer wire conducts heat to the solid-state heat storage material through electric heating.

[0023] In some technical solutions, the energy storage module further comprises a heat exchanger and a ventilation channel located between two adjacent cavities, the water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the water inlet of the storage tank through a water pipeline, and the air inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the ventilation channel through an air pipeline.

[0024] The above technical solutions have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. During the heat storage period, the heat pump device uses valley electricity to heat water to a first temperature slightly lower than the saturation temperature and stores it in the water storage device, and the energy storage device heats molten salt to the target temperature through the electric heating device; this way fully utilizes the low price characteristics of valley electricity, optimizes the cost of the energy storage link; at the same time, the design of the first temperature is slightly lower than the saturation temperature, which effectively improves the operating efficiency of the heat pump and reduces energy consumption; the application also dynamically adjusts the heating mode according to the real-time current liquid level state, avoiding the interruption of heating caused by insufficient water storage, and reducing the waste of energy caused by excessive heat storage, not only improving the heat storage efficiency and heating flexibility of the system, but also optimizing the operating cost, meeting the heating demand in multiple scenarios.

[0026] 2. In the water replenishment strategy, through the design of secondary water replenishment and emergency water replenishment, the efficient balance between cost and heating demand is realized, energy and cost are saved. In the secondary water replenishment mode, the heat pump device is used to replenish the heat storage water to the target liquid level during the flat electricity period, maximizing the reduction of operating costs while ensuring that the water storage device maintains stable heat storage capacity under normal heating demand. In the emergency water replenishment mode, when the water storage device liquid level is lower than the critical liquid level, the heat pump device is started in time for water replenishment operation, and the critical liquid level recovery operation is preferentially completed during the flat electricity period. If there is not enough flat electricity, further water replenishment is carried out to the safe water storage liquid level during the peak electricity period, thereby avoiding the risk of heating interruption. This strategy not only meets the emergency heating demand through dynamic response control, but also effectively reduces the additional energy consumption during the peak electricity period, taking into account the economy and reliability of system operation.

[0027] 3. The water storage device and the energy storage device are arranged in close contact, and multiple water storage devices are connected by pipelines to form an equal liquid level distribution, which not only saves space, but also further reduces heat loss caused by heat dissipation of the energy storage device. In addition, this design helps to improve the overall operating efficiency of the system and provides more convenient maintenance conditions.

[0028] 4. The application is filled with filler at the bottom of the tank, the non-bottom area of the tank is filled with molten salt, or the metal heat transfer cylinder is in contact with the bottom of the tank through the first opening, the filler is filled into the containing cavity through the second opening of the metal heat transfer cylinder, and the sealing structure covers the first opening, which can make the temperature of the upper and lower molten salt uniform, slow down the temperature drop rate of the bottom of the tank, slow down the further improvement of the heat transfer efficiency, uniform the molten salt temperature, and effectively reduce the power demand of electric heating, improve the overall energy storage efficiency, and significantly reduce the operation cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings and their labels required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor for those skilled in the art.

[0030] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a control system for heat storage and heat pump cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage module provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 is Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an outer cylinder and a first heat exchange pipeline of an energy storage module in

[0033] Figures 4 to 10 are a plurality of structural schematic diagrams of an energy storage module provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 11 is an example schematic diagram of a control method for heat storage and heat pump cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor for those skilled in the art, and other embodiments can also be obtained.

[0036] For simplicity and conciseness of the drawings, only the parts related to the application are shown in the drawings, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to make the drawings simple and easy to understand, in some drawings, only one of the components with the same structure or function is shown schematically, or only one of them is marked. In this document, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one" in some cases.

[0037] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the specification and the appended claims of the present application means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes these combinations.

[0038] In this document, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for differentiation and description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] With the transformation of energy structure and the promotion of energy saving and emission reduction targets, heat storage and supply systems are widely used in industrial and civil fields. Among them, the electric heating and heat storage technology gradually replaces the traditional combustion heating method due to its cleanliness and flexibility. However, the overall operation efficiency and economy of the existing heat storage and supply system still have significant room for improvement. For example, in the prior art, when heat storage is carried out by using a heat pump or an energy storage device alone, the heat source temperature range is limited or the deep heat release is insufficient, which leads to the constraint of heat storage capacity and heating flexibility. In addition, the water replenishment strategy of the water storage device in the heating process lacks dynamic control ability and cannot effectively respond to the water supply demand under different heating scenarios, especially under the conditions of fluctuating electricity prices and temporary high load operation. The traditional control method is difficult to balance economy and reliability. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a control method and system that can efficiently cooperate heat pump devices with energy storage devices to improve heat storage efficiency, optimize water replenishment strategy and enhance the adaptability of the heating system while reducing heating cost.

[0041] The following describes a heat storage and heat pump cooperation control method and control system of the present application to solve the above problems in combination with the drawings of the specification.

[0042] Referring to Figure 1 , as shown, Figure 1Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a heat storage and heat pump collaborative control system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 1, the heat storage and heat pump collaborative control system comprises a heat pump device 1 and an energy storage device 3. A heat storage medium sequentially passes through the heat pump device 1 and the energy storage device 3 for step-by-step heating, and water vapor having a second temperature T2 for supplying a user end is generated in turn. Figure 1

[0043] A heat storage and heat pump collaborative control method comprises the following steps.

[0044] S100, in a heat storage period, controlling the energy storage device 3 to heat the heat storage medium to a set temperature using electricity in a valley electricity time period, and controlling the heat pump device 1 to heat water to a first temperature and store the water in a water storage device 2 using electricity in the valley electricity time period until the liquid level of the water storage device 2 reaches a highest liquid level, the first temperature being slightly lower than a saturation temperature under an operating pressure of the water storage device 2.

[0045] First, in the heat storage period, the heat pump device 1 and the energy storage device 3 are independently operated. In the valley electricity time period, the control system starts the heat pump device 1, and the heat pump device 1 uses low-price electricity resources in the valley electricity time period to heat water to a first temperature T1 slightly lower than the saturation temperature, which can reduce power consumption in a peak period and enable the water storage device 2 to timely provide heat storage water at the first temperature T1 in a heat supply period. The saturation temperature is greater than the first temperature T1, and the saturation temperature refers to the temperature when a liquid and a gas are in a dynamic equilibrium state under a certain pressure. The saturation temperature is closely related to the pressure, and the saturation temperature varies with different pressures. The first temperature is set to be slightly lower than the saturation temperature under the operating pressure of the water storage device 2, specifically, a first temperature difference lower than the corresponding saturation temperature, and the first temperature difference ranges from 2 to 10°C, preferably from 4 to 6°C. This setting ensures that the heat pump device 1 operates in a high energy efficiency range, while effectively avoiding energy loss caused by water vaporization. For example, for water, the saturation temperature is 100°C under standard atmospheric pressure (1 atm). When the pressure increases, the saturation temperature also increases; when the pressure decreases, the saturation temperature decreases. In addition, the first set temperature difference (2 to 10°C) between the first temperature T1 and the corresponding saturation temperature can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual control accuracy, further optimizing the performance coefficient (for example, COP) of the heat pump device 1, and significantly reducing the operating energy consumption.

[0046] ​The heat pump device 1 heats the water to the first temperature T1, and the obtained heat storage water is stored in the water storage device 220. The heat preservation design of the water storage device 220 ensures that the heat storage water does not lose too much heat during storage, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the entire control system. At this time, the heat storage water in the water storage device 220 has been heated and stored by the heat pump device 1, ensuring that the control system can quickly respond to steam demand and avoiding heating delays caused by waiting for the heating process. When the water storage amount of the water storage device 2 is lower than the target liquid level (H < H1), the controller starts the heat pump device 1 to perform water storage operation. The heat pump device 1 heats the pure water to the first temperature and stores it in the water storage device 2.

[0047] In some embodiments, the water storage device 220 includes a heat preservation water tank 40 with a pressurization function, which is used to store the heat storage water at the first temperature T1 heated by the heat pump device 1, and by dynamically adjusting the internal pressure of the heat preservation water tank 40, for example, the pressure adjustment range is 0.1-0.5 MPa, to ensure that the heat storage water remains in a liquid state above 100℃. The heat preservation water tank 40 includes a pressure detection assembly arranged inside the water storage device 220 for real-time monitoring of the internal pressure and feeding back the monitoring results to the pressure regulating assembly. The pressure regulating assembly adjusts the internal pressure of the water storage device 220 according to the feedback information of the pressure detection assembly to ensure that it remains in a liquid storage state at all times. Specifically, the pressure regulating assembly includes a pressure pump arranged in the water inlet or internal pipeline of the water storage device 220, which is used to actively pressurize the water storage device 220, and automatically adjusts the pressure level in the water tank according to the change of the internal pressure. The pressure pump is driven by a control unit, and its operating parameters are set according to the heating temperature of the heat pump device 1 to ensure that the internal pressure of the water tank is always within a safe range that allows the heat storage water to remain in a liquid storage state.

[0048] For example, when the first temperature T1 is higher than 100℃, the internal pressure of the water storage device 220 is adjusted to 0.2-0.3 MPa by driving the pressure pump through the control unit. The specific value of the pressure is related to the highest heating temperature of the heat pump device 1 and the set third temperature difference (such as 5℃), thereby preventing the vaporization of the heat storage water, reducing heat loss, and optimizing the operating efficiency of the heat pump device 1. In addition, the heat preservation structure of the water storage device 220 further ensures that the heat storage water can be efficiently and stably stored to meet the heating demand by reducing heat loss.

[0049] The present application can fully utilize the low-price electricity in the valley time period, and by fully utilizing the heat pump device 1 and the energy storage device 3 for heating during the low-valley electricity price period, and cooperating with the water storage device 2 for energy storage, the power load during the peak period is reduced, achieving the effect of energy saving and cost reduction.

[0050] S200, during the heating period, the control system controls the water storage device 2 to deliver the hot water to the energy storage device 3. During the heating period, the control system preferentially outputs the hot water at the first temperature T1 from the water storage device 220 and supplies it to the energy storage device 3. The energy storage device 3 can further heat the hot water to the second temperature T2 based on the deep heat release characteristics of the heat storage medium (such as molten salt 32), which is usually close to or reaches the required temperature for steam generation (for example, 180°C), thereby generating the required water vapor. During the heating period, the main role of the water storage device 220 is to provide a constant source of hot water, ensuring that the control system can supplement it through the standby water storage device 220 when the hot water is insufficient, ensuring the continuity and stability of the heating process.

[0051] S300, during the heating period, the control system also monitors the liquid level of the water storage device 2 and compares the current liquid level with the set critical liquid level and target liquid level; the critical liquid level is less than the target liquid level, and the target liquid level dynamically changes and is related to the steam demand, the available time of the water tank liquid level, and the remaining time of the current time to the next valley electricity time period.

[0052] During the heating period, the control system dynamically monitors the liquid level of the water storage device 2 to obtain the current liquid level. Liquid level monitoring can be achieved in various ways, including ultrasonic liquid level meter, radar liquid level meter, float liquid level meter, and pressure type liquid level meter. The critical liquid level is a safety threshold lower than the target liquid level. When the liquid level is lower than the critical liquid level, the control system needs to urgently supplement water. The target liquid level is the liquid level that the control system hopes to maintain, which dynamically changes according to the steam demand, the available time of the water tank liquid level, and the remaining time of the current time to the next valley electricity time period.

[0053] S400, when the current liquid level is lower than the target liquid level and it is determined that secondary water supplement is needed, the control system controls the heat pump device 1 to supplement the hot water to the target liquid level in the energy storage device 3 using the electricity in the flat electricity period.

[0054] S500, when the current liquid level is lower than the critical liquid level and it is determined that emergency water supplement is needed, the control system controls the heat pump device 1 to supplement the hot water to the target liquid level in the energy storage device 3 using the electricity in the current period; the current period is any one of the flat electricity period and the peak electricity period.

[0055] If the current liquid level is lower than the target liquid level and the control system determines that secondary water replenishment is needed (i.e. not an emergency), the control system controls the heat pump device 1 to replenish the thermal storage water in the energy storage device 3 with the electricity in the off-peak period until the current liquid level of the water storage device 2 after water replenishment reaches the target liquid level. If the current liquid level is lower than the critical liquid level and the control system determines that emergency water replenishment is needed, the control system controls the heat pump device 1 to replenish the thermal storage water in the energy storage device 3 with the electricity in the current period (which can be the off-peak period or the peak period) until the current liquid level of the water storage device 2 after water replenishment reaches the target liquid level.

[0056] The present application ensures that the heat pump device 1 heats the replenished water to reach the target liquid level in the heating stage by precisely monitoring the current liquid level of the water storage device 2 and dynamically adjusting the target liquid level, not only realizing the synergistic work of thermal storage and heat pump, improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing operating cost. Moreover, by dynamically adjusting the target liquid level, the control system can use as much low-cost electricity as possible for thermal storage and water storage in the valley period. When the target liquid level is dynamically adjusted according to the steam demand and the liquid level available time, the control system can fill the liquid level of the water storage device 2 to near the maximum liquid level in the valley period, thereby maximizing the use of cheap electricity in the valley period, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual operation demand of the control system and external conditions (such as electricity price, steam demand, etc.), thereby optimizing energy utilization, improving control system flexibility and adaptability, enhancing control system reliability, reducing operating cost, and improving overall efficiency of the control system. This dynamic adjustment mechanism enables the control system to better cope with various complex working conditions and ensure efficient, economical and safe operation.

[0057] In some technical solutions, the method further comprises:

[0058] comparing the size of the heat release time and the water tank liquid level available time;

[0059] If the heat release time is greater than the water tank liquid level available time, it is determined that secondary water replenishment or emergency water replenishment is needed in the heating period;

[0060] If the heat release time is not greater than the water tank liquid level available time, it is determined that secondary water replenishment or emergency water replenishment is not needed in the heating period.

[0061] Specifically, the heat release duration refers to the length of time that the control system can continue to release heat under the current state. The heat release duration is positively correlated with the water quantity required for heat release, i.e., the longer the heat release duration, the more water quantity is usually required for heat release. The water quantity required for heat release represents the total water quantity that the control system needs to extract from the water storage device 2 and convert into water vapor during the heat supply period, which is determined by the heat supply load (heat demand) and the control system thermal efficiency. The water tank liquid level available duration refers to the length of time that the existing water quantity in the water tank can support the normal operation of the control system. The water tank liquid level available duration is positively correlated with the water tank residual capacity, i.e., the greater the water tank residual capacity, the longer the water tank liquid level available duration. The water tank residual capacity refers to the water quantity in the water tank that can be used for heat supply, and the water tank liquid level available duration refers to the length of time that the water in the water tank can continue to release heat under the current heat release rate.

[0062] The present application can compare the size of the heat release duration and the water tank liquid level available duration. If the heat release duration is greater than the water tank liquid level available duration, it means that the control system can continue to release heat for a longer time than the existing water quantity in the water tank can support. In other words, if the control system continues to operate, the water in the water storage device 2 will be used up first, while the energy storage device 3 still has the ability to continue to release heat. In this case, in order to ensure the normal operation of the control system, secondary water replenishment (i.e., water replenishment during normal operation) or emergency water replenishment (i.e., immediate water replenishment when the water level in the water tank is too low) needs to be performed during the heat supply period. If the heat release duration is not greater than (less than or less than or equal to) the water tank liquid level available duration, it means that the control system can continue to release heat for a time that does not exceed the time that the existing water quantity in the water storage device 2 can support. That is, the water in the water storage device 2 is sufficient to support the normal operation of the control system during the entire heat supply period, so secondary water replenishment or emergency water replenishment is not required.

[0063] The application monitors the water level of the water storage device 2 in real time, automatically determines whether water needs to be added according to the comparison between the heat release duration and the water tank available duration, thereby reasonably arranging secondary water addition and emergency water addition, avoiding frequent water addition during peak electricity price period, and further saving energy cost. If the current water level is lower than the critical water level, whether it is a flat electricity time period or a peak electricity time period, emergency water addition will be started to ensure that the control system has sufficient hot water supply and avoid operation interruption caused by too low water level. Therefore, the stable operation of the control system is ensured, and the heat supply interruption or equipment damage caused by water shortage of the energy storage device 3 is avoided. Moreover, through accurate water level monitoring and water addition control, the starting frequency of the heat pump device 1 in unnecessary time period is reduced, the equipment wear is reduced, and the service life of the heat pump device 1 is prolonged. The reasonable heat storage and heat supply strategy makes the charging and discharging process of the energy storage device 3 more stable, reduces the damage to the energy storage device 3 caused by frequent charging and discharging, in short, the comparison strategy adopted by the application can effectively optimize energy utilization, reduce cost, improve the reliability and stability of the control system operation, prolong the service life of the equipment, and enhance the flexibility and adaptability of the control system.

[0064] In some technical solutions, the method further comprises:

[0065] If the water tank available duration exceeds the remaining duration, the target water level is equal to or slightly greater than the current water level.

[0066] If the water tank available duration does not exceed the remaining duration, the target water level is equal to the minimum value of the demand water level and the maximum water level, the demand water level is positively correlated with the steam demand and the heat release duration, and the demand water level is negatively correlated with the water tank available duration.

[0067] Specifically, if the water tank available duration exceeds the remaining duration, i.e. water tank available duration > remaining duration, the target water level is set to be equal to or slightly greater than the current water level. This means that in this case, the water level of the water tank is sufficient to maintain the operation of the control system to the required remaining duration, so there is no need to adjust the water level greatly. The target water level can be kept at the current water level, or slightly increased to ensure safety.

[0068] On the contrary, if the water tank available duration does not exceed the remaining duration, i.e. water tank available duration ≤ remaining duration, the target water level is set to be min(demand water level, maximum water level). In this case, the water level of the water tank is not sufficient to maintain the operation of the control system to the required remaining duration, so the target water level needs to be adjusted. The target water level takes the smaller value of the demand water level and the maximum water level to ensure that the water level does not exceed the safety upper limit of the control system, while trying to meet the demand as much as possible.

[0069] Wherein, if the steam demand increases, more water is needed to generate the corresponding steam to meet this demand. Assuming that the steam generation efficiency (the amount of steam generated per unit of water per unit of time) is constant, the demand liquid level will increase as the steam demand increases, i.e. the target liquid level will increase as the steam demand increases.

[0070] Wherein, since steam is continuously consumed during heat release, and the generation of steam depends on water. If the heat release duration increases, in order to ensure that there is a continuous steam supply to release heat for a longer period of time, the demand liquid level of the water tank will also increase accordingly, i.e. the target liquid level will increase as the heat release duration increases.

[0071] Wherein, the remaining available duration of the water tank liquid level refers to the time that the water tank can maintain the normal operation of the control system under the current liquid level. If the remaining available duration of the water tank liquid level is short, it means that the current liquid level is not sufficient to support the long-term operation of the control system. In this case, the demand liquid level may be adjusted according to the remaining available duration. If the remaining available duration is very short, and the control system still needs to continue to operate, then the demand liquid level will be increased to replenish the water tank liquid level as soon as possible, and to extend the remaining available duration, i.e. the target liquid level will decrease as the remaining available duration of the water tank liquid level increases.

[0072] The target liquid level is a dynamic value, for example, its calculation formula can be expressed as:

[0073] Target liquid level = highest liquid level × (1 - water tank liquid level available duration / remaining duration)

[0074] The target liquid level of the present application can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual demand and current state. The demand liquid level is positively correlated with the steam demand and the heat release duration, which means that the control system can dynamically adjust the target liquid level according to the actual steam demand and heat release time. When the steam demand increases or the heat release time is extended, the target liquid level is correspondingly increased to ensure that the control system has enough water to generate enough steam to meet the production or operation demand. The demand liquid level is negatively correlated with the available duration of the water tank liquid level, which means that when the available duration of the water tank liquid level is short, the demand liquid level will be increased to replenish the liquid level as soon as possible, and to extend the available duration. This dynamic adjustment can ensure that the control system can maintain stable operation at any time, and avoid shutdown or operation interruption caused by insufficient target liquid level.

[0075] The application can dynamically adjust the target liquid level to avoid over-supplying water and over-running the equipment due to a too high target liquid level, while ensuring timely water supply when the liquid level is insufficient to avoid equipment drying or damage due to a too low liquid level. The control system can meet the operation requirements while maximizing energy utilization efficiency, reducing energy waste, and improving energy utilization efficiency. For example, if the target liquid level is too high, it may cause the equipment to run in a high-load state for a long time, increasing equipment wear and maintenance costs. Avoiding equipment overload can ensure safe operation of the equipment and avoid heating excess water, saving energy and costs, avoiding resource waste, reducing carbon emissions, and meeting environmental protection requirements. By dynamically adjusting the target liquid level, the equipment's operating state can be optimized, the equipment's life can be extended, unnecessary operating costs can be reduced, and maintenance costs can be reduced. By dynamically adjusting the target liquid level, the control system can dynamically adjust the target liquid level according to different operating conditions (such as steam demand, heat release duration, etc.), avoid operation interruption due to unexpected situations, ensure efficient and stable operation under various conditions, and enhance the flexibility and adaptability of the control system.

[0076] In summary, the target liquid level is positively correlated with steam demand and heat release duration, and negatively correlated with water tank liquid level availability, which can optimize control system operating efficiency, reduce costs and energy waste, improve safety and reliability under the premise of energy saving and cost reduction, enhance the flexibility and adaptability of the control system, optimize energy management, and meet environmental protection requirements to meet heating demand and ensure safe operation of the control system. This dynamic adjustment strategy enables the control system to operate efficiently, stably, and economically under various operating conditions.

[0077] In some technical solutions, if the current liquid level is lower than the critical liquid level and the current time is in the peak electricity time period, the energy storage device 3 is controlled to stop generating water vapor, and the target water level is set to a set safe water storage liquid level, which is between the target liquid level and the critical liquid level.

[0078] When it is determined that the demand is urgent and the current time is in the peak electricity time period, the heat pump device 1 is controlled to supply the heat storage water to the safe water storage liquid level, and then the heat pump device 1 is controlled to stop water supply.

[0079] When the current liquid level is lower than the critical liquid level and the current time is in the peak electricity time period, the safety water storage liquid level is set to be between the target liquid level and the critical liquid level, i.e. the critical liquid level is less than the safety water storage liquid level, and the safety water storage liquid level is less than the target liquid level. By setting this liquid level, the control system can quickly supplement the liquid level in an emergency, while avoiding the safety risks caused by too high liquid level. When the liquid level of the water storage device 2 is lower than the critical liquid level and in the peak electricity time period, the energy storage device 3 stops generating water vapor. This measure can prevent the dry-out phenomenon caused by too low liquid level, avoid equipment damage, and ensure the safe operation of the control system.

[0080] Since the electricity price is high during the peak electricity time period, the operation cost is also high. In the present application, when the current liquid level is lower than the critical liquid level and the current time is in the peak electricity time period, the energy storage device 3 is stopped from generating water vapor, and the target liquid level is adjusted to the safety water storage liquid level, which can reduce energy consumption during the high electricity price period, thereby reducing the operation cost. By setting the critical liquid level and the safety water storage liquid level, the control system can take measures when the liquid level is too low to avoid shutdown or equipment damage caused by insufficient liquid level. During the peak electricity time period when the electricity price is high, the target liquid level will be lowered. This can reduce steam generation and equipment operation during the high electricity price period, thereby reducing energy cost and saving a large amount of electricity bill.

[0081] In addition, the setting of the target liquid level can also be dynamically adjusted by comprehensively considering the daily average steam demand of the user factory area, seasonal changes, temporary high-load operation scenarios and other factors to match the heat storage capacity with the actual demand, ensure the efficient operation of the control system and reduce energy waste. The setting of the target liquid level is not fixed, but is dynamically adjusted according to seasonal changes, heat demand peaks and temporary high-load operation conditions. In terms of seasonal changes, the target liquid level can be increased to more than 90% of the capacity of the water storage device 2 in summer and winter with high heat demand to meet the demand for continuous heat supply; in spring and autumn with lower heat demand, the target liquid level can be lowered to about 60% of the capacity of the water storage device 2, thereby reducing heat storage energy consumption. In the production peak or sudden steam demand scenario of the factory area, the controller temporarily raises the target liquid level by real-time monitoring of the liquid level of the water storage device 2 and the steam demand, to ensure that the heat storage capacity can meet the temporary demand. When the factory operation returns to normal, the controller restores the target liquid level to the regular setting to avoid energy waste caused by excessive heat storage for a long time.

[0082] In some technical solutions, if the current liquid level is lower than the critical liquid level and the water supply flow rate of the heat pump device 1 is within the set range during the heat supply period, the water supply path is dynamically adjusted by the following mode:

[0083] If the current water level does not meet the steam supply demand of the energy storage device 3, the heat pump device 1 and the water storage device 2 are controlled to jointly deliver the hot water to the energy storage device 3.

[0084] If the heat pump device 1 meets the steam supply demand of the energy storage device 3, the heat pump device 1 is controlled to directly deliver the hot water to the energy storage device 3.

[0085] Specifically, when it is detected that the current liquid level of the water storage device 2 is lower than the critical liquid level, it is determined whether the remaining water amount corresponding to the current water level of the water storage device 2 is sufficient to maintain the water supply demand of the energy storage device 3. If the remaining water amount corresponding to the current water level of the water storage device 2 is insufficient to stably maintain the water supply demand of the energy storage device 3, the controller starts the cooperative water supply mode. In the cooperative water supply mode, the heat pump device 1 and the water storage device 2 jointly supply water to the energy storage device 3. The controller dynamically allocates the water supply proportion of the heat pump device 1 and the water storage device 2 according to the real-time steam demand amount of the energy storage device 3 and the remaining water amount of the water storage device 2. Preferably, the heat pump device 1 delivers high-temperature water at the first temperature to the energy storage device 3 at a constant flow rate, and the water storage device 2 supplements the remaining water supply demand. This cooperative water supply mode ensures the continuous operation of the energy storage device 3, while reducing the risk of heat supply interruption caused by the low water amount of the water storage device 2.

[0086] When it is detected that the water supply flow rate of the heat pump device 1 can independently meet the steam supply demand of the energy storage device 3, the controller switches to the direct series water supply mode. In this mode, the heat pump device 1 directly delivers high-temperature water at the first temperature to the energy storage device 3, and the water storage device 2 suspends water supply, thereby reducing the pressure load of the water storage device 2. Preferably, in the direct series water supply mode, the controller monitors the operating state of the heat pump device 1 in real time to ensure that the water supply temperature and flow rate of the heat pump device 1 meet the operating requirements of the energy storage device 3.

[0087] Through the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the dynamic water supply path, not only the operation stability of the molten salt 32 heat storage and heat pump cooperative control system is effectively improved, but also the heat supply delay caused by the water supply path switching process is reduced. At the same time, this method combines real-time liquid level monitoring and flow rate evaluation to realize intelligent dynamic adjustment of the water supply path, and improves the adaptability of the control system in complex operating scenarios.

[0088] In some technical solutions, during the heat supply period, the current temperature of the energy storage device 3 is also monitored, and the current temperature and the critical temperature are compared;

[0089] If the current temperature is lower than the critical temperature, the energy storage device 3 is controlled to stop generating water vapor;

[0090] If the current temperature is higher than the critical temperature, the energy storage device 3 is controlled to heat the hot water to obtain water vapor at the second temperature.

[0091] Specifically, the critical temperature is the lowest temperature threshold at which the energy storage device 3 can effectively generate water vapor. When the current temperature of the energy storage device 3 is below the critical temperature, it indicates that its heating capacity is insufficient and it cannot effectively generate water vapor to meet the heating demand. At this time, controlling the energy storage device 3 to stop generating water vapor can avoid poor heating effect due to excessively low temperature, ensuring the stability and reliability of the control system. When the current temperature of the energy storage device 3 is above the critical temperature, it indicates that it has sufficient heat to generate water vapor. At this time, controlling the energy storage device 3 to heat the stored water to obtain water vapor at the second temperature can make full use of the heat of the energy storage device 3, improve heating efficiency, ensure that the control system can operate efficiently, and meet the user's heating needs.

[0092] When the temperature of the energy storage device 3 is below the critical temperature, continued operation may damage the device. Controlling the energy storage device 3 to stop generating water vapor avoids this potential risk of damage due to low-temperature operation. Furthermore, stopping water vapor generation when the temperature is below the critical temperature prevents unnecessary energy consumption. This strategy ensures the rational use of energy and avoids energy waste caused by low-temperature operation. When the temperature of the energy storage device 3 is too high, it may cause excessive wear or damage. By controlling the heating of the stored water to obtain water vapor at a second temperature, the energy storage device 3 can be ensured to operate within a safe temperature range. This avoids high-temperature operation, extends the service life of the energy storage device 3, and allows for full utilization of its heat, improving energy efficiency and reducing heating costs. By protecting the equipment from damage caused by low or high temperature operation, maintenance and replacement costs can be reduced. This strategy helps reduce the overall operating cost of the control system and improves economic efficiency. By monitoring the current temperature of energy storage device 3 in real time and taking corresponding control measures based on temperature changes, the control system can flexibly respond to different operating conditions. It can also protect the equipment from damage caused by low or high temperature operation, promptly detect and address potential faults in energy storage device 3, reduce equipment maintenance and replacement costs, help reduce the occurrence of energy storage device 3 failures, lower the overall operating cost of the control system, improve economic efficiency, and enhance the overall reliability of the control system. Furthermore, ensuring the rational use of energy, improving the energy efficiency of the control system, reducing energy waste, and contributing to lower carbon emissions help meet environmental protection requirements.

[0093] Reference Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a control system for the coordinated operation of heat storage and heat pump provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the control system for the coordinated operation of heat storage and release with the heat pump includes:

[0094] Heat pump unit 1;

[0095] a water storage device 2 connected with the heat pump device 1;

[0096] an energy storage device 3 connected with the water storage device 2 and the heat pump device 1;

[0097] a controller connected with the heat pump device 1, the water storage device 2 and the energy storage device 3;

[0098] the controller is configured to control the energy storage device 3 to heat the heat storage medium to the set temperature using the electricity in the valley electricity time period during the heat storage period, and control the heat pump device 1 to heat water to a first temperature using the electricity in the valley electricity time period and then deliver the water to the water storage device 2 for storage until the liquid level of the water storage device 2 reaches a highest liquid level, the first temperature being slightly lower than the saturation temperature under the operating pressure of the water storage device 2;

[0099] the controller is further configured to control the water storage device 2 to deliver the hot water to the energy storage device 3 during the heat supply period, and monitor the current liquid level of the water storage device 2;

[0100] the controller is further configured to generate and send a secondary water supplement signal to the heat pump device 1, so that the heat pump device 1 supplements the hot water to a target liquid level in the energy storage device 3 using the electricity in the flat electricity time period; the target liquid level dynamically changes and is related to the steam demand, the available duration of the water tank liquid level and the remaining duration of the current time to the next valley electricity time period; the secondary water supplement signal is generated when the current time is in the heat supply period and the current liquid level is lower than the target liquid level;

[0101] the controller is further configured to generate and send an emergency water supplement signal to the heat pump device 1, so that the heat pump device 1 supplements the hot water to the target liquid level in the energy storage device 3 using the electricity in the current time period; the current time period is any one of the flat electricity time period and the peak electricity time period; the emergency water supplement signal is generated when the current time is in the heat supply period and the current liquid level is lower than a critical liquid level, the critical liquid level being lower than the target liquid level.

[0102] The embodiment is a control system embodiment corresponding to the above-mentioned method embodiment. The same parts in the embodiment are described in the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0103] To further improve the space utilization and operation efficiency of the control system, the water storage device 2 is arranged to match the shape of the energy storage device 3, a plurality of the water storage devices 2 are arranged around the outer wall of the energy storage device 3, and the plurality of water storage devices 2 are connected by pipelines to form an equal liquid level distribution.

[0104] The embodiment preferably adopts a special-shaped heat preservation water tank 40 structure. The special-shaped heat preservation water tank 40 is designed to match the arc-shaped structure of the energy storage device 3, and its outer wall is in close contact with the outer wall of the energy storage device 3, which can achieve good space utilization in physical structure and effectively reduce the surface heat loss of the energy storage device 3. A plurality of special-shaped heat preservation water tanks 40 are connected by pipelines to form an equal liquid level distribution, the liquid level state of each water tank is collected in real time by a liquid level monitoring unit, and the liquid level balance between the water tanks is adjusted by a controller to ensure the stability of the control system operation.

[0105] For example, under the condition that the surface temperature of the energy storage device 3 is about 30-40℃, the special-shaped heat preservation water tank 40 recovers part of the heat by tightly adhering to the outer wall of the energy storage device 3, thereby further reducing heat loss. The design of the special-shaped heat preservation water tank 40 also supports modular expansion, and the water storage capacity can be flexibly adjusted by increasing the number of water tanks. In some space-limited application scenarios, the water tank can be flexibly arranged around the energy storage device 3 through an arc-shaped structure, and the design of pulleys or supports can realize the convenience of movement and maintenance.

[0106] At the same time, the special-shaped heat preservation water tank 40 is internally filled with high-efficiency heat preservation materials, such as multi-layer vacuum insulation boards or composite reflective layers, which can effectively reduce the heat loss rate of the water tank and ensure the temperature stability of the stored high-temperature water during long-term storage. Combined with the above design, the special-shaped heat preservation water tank 40 not only optimizes the structural layout of the control system, but also has significant advantages in energy efficiency improvement and heat reduction.

[0107] The energy storage device 3 comprises at least one energy storage module 30, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 Each energy storage module 30 comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and a heat exchange pipeline, the inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are filled with a heat storage medium, and the heat exchange pipeline is located between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner cylinder.

[0108] The energy storage device 3 comprises at least one energy storage module 3050, each of which adopts a double-layer structure of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder. A heat storage medium (for example, molten salt 32) is filled between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and a first heat exchange pipeline 52 and a second heat exchange pipeline 53 are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner cylinder. The first heat exchange pipeline 52 is used for heat transfer of high-temperature water, which can further heat the water to the first water vapor of the second temperature; the second heat exchange pipeline 53 is used for deep heat release of the heat storage medium, and preheating is performed by the heat pump device 120 during the valley electricity period. Preferably, the first heat exchange pipeline 52 is a heat exchange coil welded to the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and the second heat exchange pipeline 53 is a heat exchange coil welded to the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and the heat exchange coil can be a vertical serpentine coil. The above design not only optimizes the heat utilization efficiency of the heat storage medium, but also improves the overall energy efficiency of the energy storage device 3 through the double-layer heat exchange structure.

[0109] Further, in order to enhance the applicability and flexibility of the energy storage device 3, a plurality of inner cylinders can be arranged in the embodiment, and different structural configuration forms are adopted. For example, a plurality of inner cylinders can be arranged in a concentric circle arrangement by being nested with each other, or a plurality of single inner cylinders can be independently arranged. The inner structure design of the inner cylinder supports multiple implementation modes: molten salt 32 can be filled to increase the energy storage capacity, or solid heat exchange material (such as graphite block) can be filled to enhance the heat conduction performance, or even a hollow structure can be designed for direct heat exchange under specific conditions. In addition, the types of molten salt 32 between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder can be the same, or different types of molten salt 32 can be selected according to specific working conditions, for example, the inner cylinder is filled with low-melting-point molten salt 32, and the outer cylinder is filled with high-melting-point molten salt 32, to achieve a wider temperature operating range.

[0110] Because the molten salt 32 dissolves, the density decreases with the increase of temperature, and the higher the temperature, the larger the volume. Hot liquid is lighter and will rise upward. Therefore, the molten salt 32 with low temperature sinks, causing the molten salt 32 at the bottom of the molten salt tank to have a low temperature for a long time, which does not play a role in energy storage, resulting in waste of cost. Therefore, the energy storage device 3 is modified as follows.

[0111] The energy storage device 3 comprises at least one energy storage module 30; each of the energy storage modules 30 comprises a storage tank 31 filled with the heat storage medium.

[0112] In some technical solutions, the heat storage medium comprises one or more of molten salt 32, high-thermal-conductivity solid heat storage material 37, and phase-change energy storage material. The high-thermal-conductivity solid material includes but is not limited to graphite or metal aluminum, and the phase-change energy storage material includes but is not limited to sodium hydroxide.

[0113] As Figure 4As shown, the bottom of the tank 31 is filled with filler 37, and the non-bottom area of the tank 31 is filled with the molten salt 32. The filler 37 has certain heat storage performance and can serve as a solid heat storage medium. The tank 31 is jointly filled with the molten salt 32 (a fluid heat storage medium), forming a medium coupling of the heat storage of the molten salt 32 and the solid heat storage. This coupling mode can fully exert the advantages of the two heat storage media and improve the overall heat storage effect and stability of the tank 31. Since the filler 37 does not flow relative to the molten salt 32 and releases heat slower than the fluid, when the tank 31 is filled with the filler 37 at the bottom, the filler 37 can slowly release heat, slow down the temperature drop at the bottom, and thus play a certain temperature regulating role, helping to maintain the relative stability of the internal temperature of the tank 31 and avoiding excessive temperature fluctuations that may adversely affect the structure or internal materials of the tank 31. In addition, since the molten salt 32 is a fluid, it may generate a certain impact force due to flow in the tank 31. The filler 37 is a solid and can effectively reduce the impact of the flow of the molten salt 32 on the bottom of the tank 31, reduce the risk of deformation or damage of the bottom structure of the tank 31 due to long-term stress, and enhance the structural stability of the bottom of the tank 31. Moreover, the filler 37 filled in the bottom of the tank 31 can provide certain support for the tank 31, enhance the overall structural strength of the tank 31, and make the tank 31 more stable and reliable when bearing external forces such as gravity and pressure. If the tank 31 is only filled with the molten salt 32 at the bottom, once the bottom of the tank 31 is damaged or leaks, the molten salt 32 may quickly flow out, causing a greater security risk and economic loss. After filling the filler 37, even if the bottom of the tank 31 is slightly damaged, the filler 37 can play a certain blocking role to slow down the leakage speed of the molten salt 32, gain time for emergency measures, and reduce the probability and harm of accidents. The filler 37 (such as ceramic particles) has good fireproof and heat insulation performance. In the event of a fire or other high-temperature conditions in the tank 31, the filler 37 can play a certain heat insulation role to protect the molten salt 32 and related equipment inside the tank 31, prevent the spread of fire and excessive temperature from causing damage to the tank 31, and improve the safety of the tank 31. Since the filler 37 filled in the bottom of the tank 31 can reduce the impact and corrosion of the molten salt 32 on the bottom of the tank 31, the service life of the bottom structure of the tank 31 may be prolonged, and the maintenance frequency and cost of the bottom of the tank 31 are correspondingly reduced. Moreover, the filler 37 is relatively easier to maintain and replace than the molten salt 32. If the filler 37 at the bottom of the tank 31 is damaged or needs to be replaced, the operation is relatively simple and not as complex as handling the molten salt 32, thereby reducing the maintenance difficulty and cost of the tank 31. The filler 37 includes ceramic particles, iron balls, etc.The application fills the filler 37 at the bottom of the storage tank 31, and fills the molten salt 32 in the non-bottom area. Since the volume cost of the filler 37 is lower than that of the molten salt 32, replacing part of the molten salt 32 with the filler 37 to fill the bottom of the storage tank 31 can directly reduce the amount of molten salt 32 used, thereby reducing the overall filling material cost, saving economic expenditure, and optimizing the cost structure of the filling material of the storage tank 31 by reasonably selecting the filling ratio of the filler 37 and the molten salt 32, so that the construction and operation cost of the storage tank 31 is more reasonable and controllable, thereby effectively reducing the power demand of electric heating, improving the overall energy storage efficiency, and significantly reducing the operating cost.

[0114] In order to further enhance the heat transfer efficiency of the upper and lower parts, as shown in Figures 5 to 8 , a first opening is formed at one end of the storage tank 31, and the first opening extends to the bottom of the storage tank 31.

[0115] The energy storage module 30 further comprises a sealing structure and a metal heat transfer cylinder 33, the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 comprises a containing cavity, the containing cavity is provided with a second opening, the filler 37 is filled into the containing cavity through the second opening, the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is in contact with the bottom of the storage tank 31 through the first opening, and the sealing structure covers the first opening.

[0116] The solid heat storage material 37 is filled in the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 as the filler 37. By using the slow heat absorption and release characteristics of the solid material, the high-temperature heat of the floating molten salt 32 is absorbed, the low-temperature molten salt 32 at the bottom is heated, the temperature of the upper and lower molten salt 32 is uniform, and the function of a thermostat is played. Because there is a temperature difference between the molten salt 32 and the filler 37, the low-temperature filler 37 absorbs the heat of the high-temperature molten salt 32. When the temperature of the upper molten salt 32 is high, the upper filler 37 absorbs more heat, the temperature of the lower molten salt 32 is low, and the filler 37 basically does not absorb heat; the high temperature at the upper end is transferred to the lower end molten salt 32 under the action of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33, thereby adjusting the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts. Since the barrel body of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 can isolate the filler 37 and the molten salt 32, the filler 37 does not directly contact the molten salt 32, so it is not afraid of chemical reaction with the molten salt 32, or the filler 37 is crushed and falls off, polluting the molten salt 32. The filler 37 includes ceramic particles, iron balls, and the like. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The metal heat transfer cylinder 33 isolates the filler 37 and the molten salt 32, so more fillers 37 can be selected, such as very cheap gravel, sand, etc.

[0117] The application can quickly transfer the heat of the upper high-temperature molten salt 32 to the lower low-temperature molten salt 32 region due to the good heat conduction performance of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33, reduces the resistance of heat transfer, and improves the heat transfer efficiency. The filler 37 absorbs the high-temperature heat of the floating molten salt 32 and transfers the heat to the bottom low-temperature molten salt 32 by using its slow heat absorption and release characteristics, so that the temperature of the upper and lower molten salts 32 is more uniform. This design can effectively reduce the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the energy storage device 3, avoid local overheating or overcooling problems, and improve the thermal stability. When the upper molten salt 32 temperature is relatively high, the upper filler 37 absorbs heat; while the lower molten salt 32 temperature is relatively low, the filler 37 basically does not absorb heat. Through the conduction effect of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33, the heat of the upper part can be transferred to the lower part, so that the temperature of the entire energy storage device 3 tends to be stable, and a function similar to a thermostat is played. The metal heat transfer cylinder 33 isolates the filler 37 from the molten salt 32, avoiding direct contact between the filler 37 and the molten salt 32, thereby preventing chemical reactions between the filler 37 and the molten salt 32, or the filler 37 from being contaminated by the molten salt 32 due to crushing and falling off. This ensures the purity and quality of the molten salt 32, ensuring the safe operation of the device. The structure of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is relatively stable and can withstand certain thermal stress and mechanical stress, making the energy storage device 3 more stable and reliable during operation, reducing the risk of device failure, and prolonging the service life. Since the filler 37 does not directly contact the molten salt 32, more types of fillers 37 can be selected, including some very cheap materials such as gravel, sand, etc. These materials have low cost but good heat storage performance, which can greatly reduce the construction cost of the device while ensuring the heat transfer effect. The metal heat transfer cylinder 33 and the filler 37 inside it can be installed, maintained and replaced through the first opening of the storage tank 31. This design makes the operation more convenient, without the need for large-scale disassembly or modification of the entire storage tank 31, reducing maintenance costs and time costs. At the same time, the type and filling amount of the filler 37 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different working conditions and requirements. This design integrates heat transfer and heat storage functions in one metal heat transfer cylinder 33, making the structure of the energy storage device 3 more compact and reasonable. The metal heat transfer cylinder 33 contacts the storage tank 31 through the first opening at the bottom of the storage tank 31. This connection method is simple and reliable, easy to install and fix, and also reduces the floor area occupied by the device. Through the action of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 and the filler 37, the temperature distribution and heat transfer process inside the energy storage device 3 can be more directly observed and controlled. This structure is conducive to precise operation and effective monitoring of the energy storage device 3, improving the operation efficiency and management level of the device, thereby effectively reducing the power demand of electric heating, improving the overall energy storage efficiency, and significantly reducing the operating cost.

[0118] In order to facilitate flexible filler 37, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the sealing structure is an outer cover 39, and the bottom of the storage tank 31 is provided with a fixing structure for fixing the metal heat transfer cylinder 33, and the position of the fixing structure corresponds to the opening.

[0119] As shown, the first opening of the storage tank 31 extends to the bottom of the storage tank 31, and the first opening is provided with a movable outer cover 39. The outer cover 39 can be opened to put in or take out the metal heat transfer cylinder 33, and closed to seal the first opening to prevent molten salt 32 from leaking or foreign matter from entering the storage tank 31. First, fill the filler 37 into the containing cavity of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 to ensure that the filling amount and distribution of the filler 37 meet the design requirements. Then, open the outer cover 39 at the first opening of the storage tank 31 to expose the first opening. Then, put the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 filled with filler 37 into the storage tank 31 from the first opening, so that it contacts the bottom of the storage tank 31. Since the first opening extends to the bottom, the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 can be smoothly placed in place. After the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is placed, close the outer cover 39 and seal it to ensure the sealing of the storage tank 31. Open the outer cover 39 at the first opening of the storage tank 31 to expose the first opening. Take out the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 from the storage tank 31 through the first opening. Since the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is put in through the first opening, it can also be taken out through the same first opening. After the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is taken out, close the outer cover 39 and seal it to restore the sealing state of the storage tank 31. This design allows the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 to be directly put in or taken out from the first opening, making the installation and maintenance process of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 simple and easy to operate, without the need for complex tools or equipment, reducing the operation difficulty and cost. The metal heat transfer cylinder 33 can be conveniently replaced or maintained through the first opening, and the type and filling amount of the filler 37 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different working conditions and requirements. Through the sealing design of the movable outer cover 39, molten salt 32 leakage or foreign matter entering the storage tank 31 can be effectively prevented to ensure the safe operation of the device.

[0120] In order to ensure that the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is in close and stable contact with the bottom of the storage tank 31, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the bottom of the storage tank 31 is provided with a fixing structure for fixing the metal heat transfer cylinder 33, and the position of the fixing structure corresponds to the opening. The fixing structure can be a groove matched with the outer diameter of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33. Or the fixing structure can be a clamping groove matched with the outer diameter of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33, and the bottom of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is provided with a clamping ring matched with the clamping groove, and the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is fixed on the bottom of the storage tank 31 by clamping. This structure is convenient for quick installation and disassembly, and is suitable for scenarios that require frequent replacement of heat transfer cylinders.

[0121] The fixed structure prevents the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 from swaying or shifting within the storage tank 31, ensuring efficient heat transfer from the molten salt 32 to the metal heat transfer cylinder 33, and then from the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 to other areas requiring heating. Because the fixed structure is positioned to correspond with the opening, heat can be efficiently conducted along a predetermined path. This design reduces heat loss during transfer and improves the overall thermal efficiency of the control system. Furthermore, during control system operation, the flow of molten salt 32 and heat transfer may exert forces on the metal heat transfer cylinder 33. The fixed structure prevents the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 from shifting or tilting within the storage tank 31 due to external forces, ensuring stable operation of the control system. If the position of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is not fixed, uneven heat transfer may occur, potentially damaging the storage tank 31 or other components. Ensuring a tight and stable contact between the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 and the bottom of the storage tank 31 enhances the structural safety of the entire control system. By securely fixing the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 to the bottom of the storage tank 31, safety accidents caused by loose or detached components can be avoided, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the control system. Furthermore, since the fixing structure corresponds to the opening, installers can easily insert the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 into the storage tank 31 through the opening and secure it in the designated position using the fixing structure. This design makes the installation of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 more convenient, greatly simplifying the installation process and improving installation efficiency. When maintenance or replacement of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is required, its fixed and clearly defined position allows maintenance personnel to quickly locate and disassemble it for necessary maintenance or replacement without affecting other components. Because the fixing structure reduces friction and collisions between components and avoids malfunctions caused by component displacement, it extends the service life of the control system and reduces maintenance costs. By designing a fixing structure corresponding to the opening, efficient, stable, and safe heat transfer is achieved, while facilitating installation and maintenance, thus improving the performance and reliability of the entire control system.

[0122] To enhance heat transfer between the upper and lower parts of the molten salt 32 in storage tank 31, such as Figure 7 As shown, the sealing structure is a thermal insulation layer, which is used to seal and cover the first opening and the second opening.

[0123] The first opening of the storage tank 31 extends to the bottom of the storage tank 31. The energy storage module 30 further comprises a metal heat transfer cylinder 33 and a thermal insulation layer. The metal heat transfer cylinder 33 comprises a containing cavity provided with a second opening. The filler 37 is filled into the containing cavity through the second opening. The metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is in contact with the bottom of the storage tank 31 through the first opening. The thermal insulation layer is used to seal and cover the first opening and the second opening. The metal heat transfer cylinder 33 adopts a containing cavity design. One end of the containing cavity is provided with a second opening. Of course, both ends of the containing cavity can be provided with a second opening and a third opening, respectively. The third opening penetrates the bottom of the storage tank 31, that is, the containing cavity is a hollow structure. The first opening extends to the bottom of the storage tank 31, so that the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 can be directly put into or taken out from the bottom of the storage tank 31, greatly simplifying the installation and maintenance process. The containing cavity of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is provided with a second opening. The filler 37 can be conveniently filled into the containing cavity through the opening, which is simple to operate and convenient for on-site installation and maintenance. The first opening, the second opening and even the third opening are covered by the thermal insulation layer to wrap and seal the air. This design reduces the amount of material used and reduces material costs. The metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is put in and taken out through the first opening in the bottom of the storage tank 31, which is simple and convenient to operate, making the installation and maintenance of the energy storage device 3 easier and reducing maintenance time and cost. The thermal insulation layer is used to seal and cover the first opening of the storage tank 31 and the second opening of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 to prevent molten salt 32 from leaking or foreign matter from entering the storage tank 31, ensuring the safe operation of the device. The first opening and the second opening are sealed and covered by the thermal insulation layer to wrap and seal the air. This design can reduce heat loss, better maintain the stability of the internal temperature, reduce the impact of temperature fluctuations on the energy storage device 3, improve the thermal insulation performance of the device, and further improve the thermal efficiency.

[0124] The present application realizes the benefits of efficient heat transfer, temperature uniformity, structure simplification, cost reduction, safety and flexibility improvement, etc. through the design of the first opening in the bottom of the storage tank 31 and the containing cavity of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33. The hollow containing cavity of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is filled with the filler 37. The filler 37 absorbs the high-temperature heat of the floating molten salt 32 by using its slow heat absorption and release characteristics, and transfers the heat to the low-temperature molten salt 32 at the bottom, which can effectively reduce the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the energy storage device 3, making the temperature of the molten salt 32 more uniform. Under the high-temperature environment in the metal heat transfer cylinder 33, the heat transfer performance of the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 is strengthened by means of thermal radiation, further improving the heat transfer efficiency, uniformizing the temperature of the molten salt 32, and effectively reducing the power demand of electric heating, improving the overall energy storage efficiency, and significantly reducing the operating cost.

[0125] As Figure 8As shown, the sealing structure is a heat preservation water tank 40, which is used to cover the first opening. By setting the heat preservation water tank 40 on the top of the storage tank 31, the water outlet of the heat preservation water tank 40 is connected with the water inlet of the storage tank, so that the heat originally dissipated to the environment from the top of the tank body is conducted to the water in the water tank, thereby being recycled. This makes the originally wasted heat re-enter the system, improving the heat energy utilization efficiency of the entire system. The water is heated in the heat preservation water tank 40 first and then enters the bottom of the tank body, changing the order of heat utilization. Prior utilization of the heat at the top makes the heat distribution in the tank body more reasonable, avoiding the problem of increased temperature difference caused by the rapid temperature reduction of the bottom molten salt 32 in the original system, further improving the heat energy utilization efficiency. The setting of the heat preservation water tank 40 plays a role of a temperature reducer for the local tank body. The water temperature in the water tank is relatively low, and the temperature difference with the top molten salt 32 and the high-temperature air at the top of the tank body is large, which can absorb more heat and effectively reduce the temperature at the top end of the tank body. In addition, if the temperature at the top of the tank body must be reduced, the heat transfer coefficient can be enlarged through the circulating flow of the water in the water tank, further enhancing the temperature reduction effect and protecting the tank body from high temperature. This design organically combines the energy storage module 30, the metal heat transfer cylinder 33 and the heat preservation water tank 40 and other components, making the entire energy storage device 3 more compact and intensive. The cooperative work between the components improves the overall performance of the system, while reducing the land occupation area and the complexity of the equipment. By reducing the temperature at the top of the tank body through the heat preservation water tank 40, the thermal stress and corrosion risk of the tank body material caused by high temperature are reduced. At the same time, the safety risk faced by the operating personnel when working near the top of the tank body is also reduced. The heat preservation water tank 40 covers the first opening of the storage tank 31, which can effectively prevent excessive heat loss from the opening to the environment, maintain the stability of the heat in the system, avoid the problem of rapid temperature drop caused by rapid heat loss, and thus ensure the safe operation of the system. The structure of the heat preservation water tank 40 can be replaced by various forms of heat exchange pipe structures, water tank structures with various fins, various heat exchangers 60 structures, steam generating drum structures, etc. The flexibility of this design enables the energy storage device 3 to be adjusted and optimized according to different application scenarios and requirements, improving the adaptability and universality of the system, further improving the heat transfer efficiency, uniforming the molten salt 32 temperature, thereby effectively reducing the power demand of electric heating, improving the overall energy storage efficiency, and significantly reducing the operating cost.

[0126] As Figure 9As shown, the energy storage module 30 further comprises a solid-state thermal storage unit 36 and a heat transfer wire 35, the solid-state thermal storage unit 36 comprises at least one chamber filled with solid-state thermal storage material 37, the heat transfer wire 35 extends to the bottom of the chamber and is in contact with the solid-state thermal storage material 37, and the heat transfer wire 35 conducts heat to the solid-state thermal storage material 37 by electric heating. The solid-state thermal storage material 37 includes ceramics, thermal storage bricks, concrete, sandstone, etc., which can be selected according to the actual site conditions and cost requirements, so that the entire system can effectively operate under different environmental and economic constraints. The molten salt 32 itself has a high specific heat capacity and can store a large amount of heat energy. The addition of the solid-state thermal storage unit 36 further increases the energy storage density. By coupling the molten salt 32 and the solid-state thermal storage unit 36, more energy can be stored compared to single molten salt 32 energy storage. During heat release, when the lower temperature of the molten salt 32 decreases, the solid-state thermal storage body can release heat to heat the molten salt 32, avoiding problems such as solidification caused by too low local temperature of the molten salt 32. This redistribution of heat makes the temperature field inside the energy storage device 3 more uniform, which is beneficial to prolong the service life of the molten salt 32 and improve the energy release efficiency.

[0127] The heat transfer wire 35 conducts heat to the solid-state thermal storage material 37 by electric heating, which can accurately control the heating power and time, making the energy storage process more flexible. For example, the electric heating power can be increased when fast energy storage is required, and the power can be reduced when the energy storage demand is low, so as to better adapt to different operating conditions. The presence of the solid-state thermal storage unit 36 can buffer temperature changes. When the temperature inside the energy storage device 3 fluctuates, the solid-state thermal storage body can stabilize the temperature by absorbing or releasing heat, avoiding changes in physical or chemical properties of the molten salt 32 due to rapid temperature changes, thereby improving the safety of the system. During the heat release of the molten salt 32, the solid-state thermal storage body can continuously provide heat to the molten salt 32, preventing the lower part of the molten salt 32 from solidifying due to too low temperature. Solidification of the molten salt 32 can cause system blockage and other problems, and this coupled design effectively reduces this risk. During heat release, the molten salt 32 and the solid-state thermal storage body work together. When the lower temperature of the molten salt 32 decreases, the solid-state thermal storage body releases heat to heat the molten salt 32, ensuring that the molten salt 32 can continuously and stably release heat, thereby further improving heat transfer efficiency, uniforming the temperature of the molten salt 32, and effectively reducing the power demand of electric heating, improving the overall energy storage efficiency, and significantly reducing operating costs.

[0128] As shown in FIG. 6, the energy storage module 30 further comprises a heat exchanger 60 and a ventilation channel 38 located between two adjacent chambers. Figure 10

[0129] ​By setting the ventilation channel 38, the heat between adjacent chambers can be more effectively transmitted and diffused. When the solid heat storage material 37 in one chamber is heated, the heat can be transmitted to the adjacent chamber through the ventilation channel 38, thereby achieving uniform distribution of heat. This can avoid local overheating or overcooling, and improve the thermal energy utilization efficiency of the entire energy storage module 30. The outlet of the heat exchanger 60 is connected to the inlet of the storage tank 31, so that the water heated in the heat exchanger 60 can directly enter the storage tank 31 and exchange heat with the heat storage medium. This design can make full use of the heat in the heat exchanger 60 and avoid waste of heat. At the same time, the air inlet of the heat exchanger 60 is connected to the ventilation channel 38, which can introduce the heat in the ventilation channel 38 into the heat exchanger 60, further improving the recovery and utilization efficiency of heat. The presence of the ventilation channel 38 can play a certain role in temperature regulation. When the temperature of a certain chamber is too high, heat can be transferred to other chambers through the ventilation channel 38, thereby reducing the temperature of the chamber; on the contrary, when the temperature of a certain chamber is too low, heat can be transferred from other chambers through the ventilation channel 38, thereby increasing the temperature of the chamber. This temperature regulation mechanism helps to maintain the temperature balance inside the energy storage module 30, enhancing the stability of the energy storage system. In the energy storage module 30, uneven distribution of temperature can lead to the generation of thermal stress, thereby affecting the service life and safety of the equipment. Through the design of the ventilation channel 38 and the heat exchanger 60, the temperature gradient can be effectively reduced, the generation of thermal stress can be reduced, and the stability and reliability of the energy storage system can be improved. In the energy storage module 30 without the ventilation channel 38 and the heat exchanger 60, if the solid heat storage material 37 in a certain chamber is overheated, it may cause local overheating and even cause fire accidents and other safety accidents. This design can disperse and transfer heat in time through the ventilation channel 38 and the heat exchanger 60, avoiding the occurrence of local overheating, thereby improving the safety of the system. The design of the ventilation channel 38 and the heat exchanger 60 makes the thermal energy inside the energy storage module 30 flexible to allocate and adjust. By controlling the air flow of the ventilation channel 38 and the working state of the heat exchanger 60, heat can be transmitted to different chambers or storage tanks 31 as needed, thereby realizing flexible thermal energy allocation and meeting different use requirements.

[0130] When the molten salt 32 is not able to release enough energy, the water heated by the heat exchanger 60 with the circulating hot air is introduced into the molten salt 32 storage heater to generate steam. This two-stage heating method can fully release the energy stored in the molten salt 32, improve the utilization rate and economy of the system. Through the ventilation channel 38 and the heat exchanger 60, the system can realize further heat transfer and utilization. For example, the circulating hot air can be heat exchanged with the heat exchanger 60 to increase the water inlet temperature, thereby enhancing the energy conversion efficiency of the entire system. The addition of the heat exchanger 60 at the top of the storage tank 31 can make full use of the hot air inside the system, further recover heat, improve the overall thermal efficiency of the system, thereby improve the heat transfer efficiency, uniform the temperature of the molten salt 32, and effectively reduce the power demand of the electric heating, improve the overall energy storage efficiency, and significantly reduce the operating cost.

[0131] As shown in FIG. 1, during the energy storage period, the heat pump device 1 and the energy storage device 3 are independently operated, and each performs a heat storage task (see control cycle 1 and control cycle 2 of the heat storage period A in FIG. 2). Figure 11 The heat storage period A generally corresponds to the valley electricity period, which is usually during the night, to meet the energy storage demand and reduce the operating cost. In the control cycle 1, when the water storage amount of the water storage device 2 is lower than the target liquid level (H Figure 11 H1), the controller starts the heat pump device 1 to perform water storage operation. The heat pump device 1 heats the pure water to a first temperature and stores it in the water storage device 2. In the control cycle 2, when the current temperature of the energy storage device 3 is lower than the target temperature (T

[0132] In the preferred embodiment, in order to improve the energy storage efficiency and reduce the power demand of the electric heating, the heat pump device 1 can be used to preheat the energy storage device 3 during the valley electricity period. Specifically, through the built-in heat exchange pipeline of the energy storage device 3, the heat pump device 1 is used to preheat the heat storage medium of the energy storage device 3 to a first temperature. After preheating, the heat storage medium is further heated to the target temperature by the electric heating device. This cooperative preheating strategy can effectively reduce the power demand of the electric heating device, improve the overall energy storage efficiency, and significantly reduce the operating cost.

[0133] Throughout the energy storage period, the controller coordinates the heat storage tasks of the heat pump device 1 and the energy storage device 3, not only maximizing the system energy efficiency, but also effectively ensuring the efficient operation of the subsequent heating period, while fully utilizing the economic advantage of the valley electricity period. In the heating period, the controller dynamically monitors the liquid level state of the water storage device 2, and adjusts the heating mode and water replenishment strategy in real time according to the liquid level state (see Figure 11 The heat storage period B (generally corresponding to the peak electricity period or the flat electricity period) corresponds to the daytime or the flat electricity and peak electricity period to meet the steam supply demand in different periods, while optimizing the system energy efficiency and operation cost.

[0134] In the control cycle 3, when the current temperature of the energy storage device 3 is higher than the minimum working temperature (T>T2), the controller starts the energy storage device 3 to generate steam. At this time, the high-temperature water of the first temperature is preferentially delivered to the energy storage device 3 through the water storage device 2, and the high-temperature water is heated to the first water steam of the second temperature through the heat exchange pipeline of the energy storage device 3. The first water steam is delivered to the steam distribution device through the steam pipeline to meet the steam demand of the user. This heating mode preferentially uses the high-temperature water stored by the valley electricity in the water storage device 2, which not only reduces the operation cost, but also fully utilizes the high energy efficiency advantage of the heat pump device 1. In the heat storage period C (generally in the flat electricity period or the peak electricity period close to the flat electricity period, or the peak electricity period that the water tank can support to the flat electricity period before the critical liquid level alarm), when the liquid level of the water storage device 2 is lower than the target liquid level but not lower than the critical liquid level, the controller triggers the ordinary water replenishment strategy, and replenishes the high-temperature water to the target liquid level through the heat pump device 1. Under the secondary water replenishment strategy, the operation period of the heat pump device 1 preferentially selects the flat electricity to further reduce the operation cost. After the water replenishment operation is completed, the liquid level of the water storage device 2 returns to the target liquid level, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the energy storage device 3 and avoiding the interruption of heating.

[0135] When the water level of the water storage device 2 is below the critical water level, the controller triggers an emergency water replenishment strategy, immediately starts the heat pump device 1 to perform water replenishment operation, and prioritizes the restoration of the critical water level to ensure the heating capacity. The emergency water replenishment strategy prioritizes the completion of the water replenishment operation during the off-peak electricity period; when the off-peak electricity period is insufficient to meet the water replenishment demand, the heat pump device 1 will continue to run during the peak electricity period until the water level of the water storage device 2 reaches the set safe water storage level. The setting of the safe water storage level is between the target water level and the critical water level, which can reduce the peak electricity running cost as much as possible while ensuring the heating capacity of the system. When the water level of the water storage device 2 reaches the safe water storage level and the current time is still in the peak electricity period, the controller stops the operation of the heat pump device 1 to reduce unnecessary energy consumption. After the heating period ends, the controller will evaluate the water storage amount and target water level setting of the next energy storage period according to the actual water level state of the water storage device 2 and user demand, to provide support for subsequent operation. This dynamic regulation mechanism not only improves the utilization rate of the water storage device 2, but also effectively balances the demand relationship between energy storage and heating, significantly improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. Through the above control method of the heating period, the energy storage device 3 and the heat pump device 1 can realize efficient cooperative operation, ensure the stability of the steam supply, reduce energy waste and optimize operation cost, to adapt to diversified user demand and complex operation scenarios.

[0136] The above-described embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A control system for molten salt heat storage and release combined with a heat pump, characterized in that, include: Heat pump devices; A water storage device is connected to the heat pump device; An energy storage device is connected to the water storage device and the heat pump device; The controller is connected to the heat pump device, the water storage device, and the energy storage device. The controller is used to control the energy storage device to heat the heat storage medium to a set temperature using the electricity during off-peak hours during the heat storage stage, and to control the heat pump device to heat the water to a first temperature using the electricity during the off-peak hours and then deliver it to the water storage device for storage until the liquid level of the water storage device reaches the maximum liquid level. The first temperature is slightly lower than the saturation temperature under the operating pressure of the water storage device. The controller is also used to control the water storage device to deliver stored hot water to the energy storage device during the heating period, and to monitor the current liquid level of the water storage device; The controller is also configured to generate and send a secondary water replenishment signal to the heat pump device, so that the heat pump device can use the electrical energy during the off-peak electricity period to replenish the stored hot water to the target liquid level in the energy storage device; the target liquid level changes dynamically and is related to the steam demand, the available time of the water tank liquid level, and the remaining time before the next off-peak electricity period; the secondary water replenishment signal is generated when the current time is during the heating period and the current liquid level is lower than the target liquid level; The controller is also configured to generate and send an emergency water replenishment signal to the heat pump device, so that the heat pump device can use the electrical energy of the current period to replenish the stored hot water to the target liquid level in the energy storage device; the current period is either a normal power period or a peak power period; the emergency water replenishment signal is generated when the current time is in the heating period and the current liquid level is lower than the critical liquid level, and the critical liquid level is lower than the target liquid level.

2. The control system for molten salt heat storage and release combined with heat pump as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage device is configured to fit the shape of the energy storage device, and multiple water storage devices are arranged around the outer wall of the energy storage device, and the multiple water storage devices are connected by pipelines to form an equal liquid level distribution.

3. The control system for molten salt heat storage and release combined with heat pump as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes at least one energy storage module; each energy storage module includes an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, and heat exchange pipelines, the inner cylinder is disposed inside the outer cylinder, the heat storage medium is filled between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the heat exchange pipelines are located on the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner cylinder.

4. The control system for molten salt heat storage and release combined with heat pump as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes at least one energy storage module; each energy storage module includes a storage tank filled with the heat storage medium, the bottom of the storage tank is filled with filler, and the non-bottom area of ​​the storage tank is filled with molten salt.

5. The control system for molten salt heat storage and release combined with heat pump as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The storage tank has a first opening at one end, and the first opening extends to the bottom of the storage tank; The energy storage module also includes a sealing structure and a metal heat transfer cylinder. The metal heat transfer cylinder includes a receiving cavity with a second opening. The filler fills the receiving cavity through the second opening. The metal heat transfer cylinder contacts the bottom of the storage tank through the first opening, and the sealing structure covers the first opening.

6. The control system for molten salt heat storage and release combined with heat pump as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing structure is an outer cover, and the bottom of the storage tank is provided with a fixing structure for fixing the metal heat transfer cylinder, with the position of the fixing structure corresponding to the opening.

7. The control system for molten salt heat storage and release combined with heat pump as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing structure is a thermal insulation layer, which is used to seal and cover the first opening and the second opening.

8. The control system for molten salt heat storage and release combined with heat pump as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing structure is an insulated water tank, which is used to cover the first opening.

9. The control system for molten salt heat storage and release combined with a heat pump according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy storage module also includes a solid-state thermal storage unit and a heat transfer line. The solid-state thermal storage unit includes at least one chamber filled with solid-state thermal storage material. The heat transfer line extends to the bottom of the chamber and contacts the solid-state thermal storage material. The heat transfer line conducts heat to the solid-state thermal storage material through electric heating.

10. The control system for molten salt heat storage and release combined with heat pump according to claim 9, characterized in that, The energy storage module also includes a heat exchanger and a ventilation channel located between two adjacent chambers. The outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the storage tank through a water supply pipe, and the air inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the ventilation channel through a ventilation pipe.

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