Cooling assembly, energy storage device and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a cooling assembly of an energy storage device, the energy storage device and electric equipment. The cooling assembly is provided with a flow channel, an inlet and an outlet. The cooling assembly includes a first plate, a second plate, and a third plate. The second plate and the first plate are connected and jointly define a flow channel, and the inlet and the outlet are communicated with the flow channel. The second plate comprises a first face and a second face which are opposite in the first direction, the first face of the second plate faces the first plate, and a containing groove is formed in the second face of the second plate. The third plate comprises a first face and a second face which are opposite in the first direction, the first face of the third plate is closer to the first plate than the second face of the third plate, and the third plate can deform. When the temperature of the third plate is lower than the preset temperature, the third plate is accommodated and filled in the accommodating groove, and the second surface of the third plate is flush with the second surface of the second plate; and when the temperature of the third plate is higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the third plate is shortened and deformed in the first direction, so that the second surface of the third plate is lower than the second surface of the second plate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a cooling assembly, an energy storage device and an electric equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, in the thermal management system of an energy storage device, for example, in the thermal management system of a battery pack, a comprehensive thermal management layout of a cooling plate combined with a thermal insulation pad is usually adopted. The cooling plate is used to regulate the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery cell in the battery pack, and the thermal insulation pad arranged between the gaps of the battery cells is used to block the heat transfer from a thermal runaway battery cell to adjacent battery cells, so as to curb the heat spread phenomenon. However, when a thermal runaway occurs in the energy storage device, the conventional cooling plate will become the main channel for the heat transfer from the thermal runaway battery cell to the adjacent battery cells, which aggravates the heat spread phenomenon in the energy storage device. That is, the design of the conventional cooling plate is difficult to meet the dual requirements of regulating the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery cell in the normal use of the energy storage device and inhibiting the heat spread when a thermal runaway occurs. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a cooling assembly, an energy storage device and an electric equipment.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a cooling assembly of an energy storage device, which is provided with a flow channel, an inlet and an outlet. The cooling assembly comprises a first plate, a second plate and a third plate. The second plate is connected with the first plate and together encloses the flow channel, and the inlet and the outlet are respectively communicated with the flow channel. The second plate comprises a first face and a second face which are opposite in a first direction, the first face of the second plate faces the first plate, and the second face of the second plate is provided with a receiving groove. The third plate comprises a first face and a second face which are opposite in the first direction, the first face of the third plate is closer to the first plate than the second face of the third plate, and the third plate can be deformed. When the temperature of the third plate is lower than a preset temperature, the third plate is accommodated and filled in the receiving groove, and the second face of the third plate is flush with the second face of the second plate; when the temperature of the third plate is higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the third plate is shortened in the first direction, so that the second face of the third plate is lower than the second face of the second plate; when the temperature of the third plate returns to be lower than the preset temperature, the third plate is elongated in the first direction, so that the second face of the third plate is flush with the second face of the second plate.

[0005] The third plate capable of deformation is additionally arranged in the cooling assembly of the energy storage device, and the third plate is arranged in the accommodating groove of the second surface of the second plate. In the normal use condition of the energy storage device, the temperature of the third plate is lower than the preset temperature, the third plate is accommodated and filled in the accommodating groove, the second surface of the third plate is flush with the second surface of the second plate, the third plate and the second plate form a composite structure, one end of the battery module contacts the composite structure, and there is no gap between the two. The entire cooling assembly is like a traditional cooling plate to dissipate heat from the battery module, thereby achieving the effect of regulating the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery cell. When a certain battery cell of the battery module in the energy storage device starts thermal runaway and the temperature of the third plate is higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the third plate is shortened in the first direction due to heat, and the second surface of the third plate is lower than the second surface of the second plate. At this time, the end of the battery module opposite to the accommodating groove is not in contact with the cooling assembly, and there is a gap between the two. The gap blocks the heat transfer from the thermal runaway battery cell to the adjacent battery cell (non-thermal runaway battery cell), thereby inhibiting the heat spread when the thermal runaway occurs in part of the battery cells in the energy storage device.

[0006] As an optional technical solution of the present application, the third plate comprises a memory alloy.

[0007] In the above technical solution, since the third plate comprises a memory alloy, the third plate can be shortened or lengthened when the temperature changes, thereby switching between the composite structure with the second plate and the structure without the composite structure.

[0008] As an optional technical solution of the present application, the ratio of the thermal conductivity K1 of the second plate to the thermal conductivity K2 of the third plate is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 10.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the ratio of the thermal conductivity K1 of the second plate to the thermal conductivity K2 of the third plate is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 10, that is, the thermal conductivity K1 of the second plate is close to the thermal conductivity K2 of the third plate, and the difference is within one order of magnitude. In this way, in the normal use condition of the energy storage device, the composite structure formed by the third plate and the second plate can be regarded as an element, which can ensure the consistency of the regulation of the temperature rise and temperature difference of the battery cells in the battery module by the cooling assembly.

[0010] As an optional technical solution of the present application, the cooling assembly is further provided with a fuse mounting position, the fuse mounting position is used for mounting a fuse, and the fuse mounting position is closer to the inlet than the outlet; the third plate comprises a first region, a second region and a third region, the first region is a region closest to the fuse mounting position, the second region is a region closest to the outlet, and the third region is a region other than the first region and the second region of the third plate; the thermal conductivity K21 of the first region is greater than the thermal conductivity K23 of the third region.

[0011] In the above technical solution, since the first region is the region closest to the fuse mounting position, the first region is closer to the fuse than the third region, and the temperature rise of the first region is higher, if the thermal conductivity K21 of the first region is designed to be greater than the thermal conductivity K23 of the third region, that is, the first region adopts an alloy material with higher thermal conductivity, which can enhance the heat conduction capacity of the first region, so that the heat thereon can be quickly transferred away, thereby improving the consistency of the cooling performance of the cooling assembly on the whole battery module, and further controlling the temperature difference between the battery monomers to be lower.

[0012] As an optional technical solution of the present application, the cooling assembly is further provided with a fuse mounting position, the fuse mounting position is used for mounting a fuse, and the third plate comprises a first region, a second region and a third region, the first region is a region closest to the fuse mounting position, the second region is a region closest to the outlet, and the third region is a region other than the first region and the second region of the third plate; the thermal conductivity K21 of the first region is greater than the thermal conductivity K23 of the third region.

[0013] In the above technical solution, since the second region is the region closest to the outlet, the second region is closer to the outlet than the third region, and the temperature rise of the second region is higher, if the thermal conductivity K22 of the second region is designed to be greater than the thermal conductivity K23 of the third region, that is, the second region adopts an alloy material with higher thermal conductivity, which can enhance the heat conduction capacity of the second region, so that the heat thereon can be quickly transferred away, thereby improving the consistency of the cooling performance of the cooling assembly on the whole battery module, and further controlling the temperature difference between the battery monomers to be lower.

[0014] As an optional technical solution of the present application, the accommodating groove comprises at least two first sub-grooves, the at least two first sub-grooves extend along a second direction and are sequentially and spacedly arranged along a third direction, the third plate comprises at least two first sub-parts, the at least two first sub-parts extend along the second direction and are sequentially and spacedly arranged along the third direction, and each first sub-part is accommodated in a first sub-groove.

[0015] In the above technical solution, each first sub-section is housed in a corresponding first sub-slot. Under normal operating conditions, the temperature of the third plate is lower than a preset temperature. The first sub-sections are housed and filled in the first sub-slots, and the second surface of each first sub-section is flush with the second surface of the second plate. A battery cell arranged along the third direction is supported on at least the second surfaces of two adjacent first sub-sections and on the second surface of the second plate between the two adjacent first sub-sections. Two adjacent battery cells arranged along the third direction are supported on the same first sub-section. Both adjacent battery cells are in contact with the second surface of the first sub-section without gaps. A portion of the heat generated by the two adjacent battery cells first passes through the second surface of the second plate and enters the second plate, then is transferred to the refrigerant in the flow channel. The other portion of the heat first passes through the second surface of the first sub-section and enters the first sub-section, then is transferred to the second plate, and finally to the refrigerant in the flow channel. During the flow of the refrigerant in the flow channel, it carries away the heat generated and transferred by the two adjacent battery cells, thereby regulating the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery cell. When a battery cell in the energy storage device begins to thermally run away, and the temperature of the first sub-section below it is higher than or equal to a preset temperature, the first sub-section is heated and undergoes shortening deformation in the first direction (its thickness direction), and the second surface of the first sub-section is lower than the second surface of the second plate. At this time, a gap is generated between the ends of two adjacent battery cells and the first sub-section. The gap prevents the thermally runaway battery cell from transferring heat to the non-thermally runaway battery cell adjacent to it in the third direction. This can suppress the spread of heat to the battery cell adjacent to it in the third direction when the battery cell in the energy storage device experiences thermal runaway.

[0016] As an optional technical solution of this application, the receiving groove further includes at least one second sub-groove, the at least one second sub-groove extends along a third direction and is arranged at intervals along a second direction, the second sub-groove is connected to the first sub-groove; the third plate includes at least one second sub-part, the at least one second sub-part extends along a third direction and is arranged at intervals along a second direction, the second sub-part intersects with the first sub-part at the connection between the first sub-groove and the second sub-groove, and each second sub-part is correspondingly received in a second sub-groove.

[0017] In the above technical solution, each second sub-part is accommodated in a second sub-groove, the temperature of the third plate is lower than the preset temperature under normal use conditions of the energy storage device, the second sub-part is accommodated and filled in the second sub-groove, the second surface of each second sub-part is flush with the second surface of the second plate, at least one battery monomer arranged in the second direction is carried on the second surface of the adjacent two second sub-parts and on the second surface of the second plate between the adjacent two second sub-parts, and the same second sub-part carries the adjacent two battery monomers arranged in the second direction. The second surface of the second sub-part and the second surface of the second plate are in contact with the adjacent two battery monomers, and there is no gap. The heat generated by the adjacent two battery monomers is part of the heat that first enters the second plate through the second surface of the second plate, and then is transmitted to the refrigerant in the flow channel through the second plate. Another part of the generated heat first enters the second sub-part through the second surface of the second sub-part, and then is transmitted to the second plate through the second sub-part, and finally is transmitted to the refrigerant in the flow channel through the second plate. During the flow of the refrigerant in the flow channel, the heat generated and transmitted by the adjacent two battery monomers is removed, achieving the effect of controlling the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery monomer. When a certain battery monomer in the battery module of the energy storage device begins to heat runaway and the temperature of the second sub-part below it is higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the second sub-part is shortened in the first direction (its thickness direction) due to heat, and the second surface of the second sub-part is lower than the second surface of the second plate. At this time, the end of the adjacent two battery monomers is spaced apart from the second sub-part, and the gap blocks the heat runaway battery monomer from transmitting heat to the non-heat runaway battery monomer adjacent to it in the second direction, thereby achieving the effect of inhibiting heat spread to the battery monomer adjacent to it in the second direction when the battery monomer in the energy storage device heats runaway.

[0018] In a second aspect, the energy storage device provided by the present application comprises a battery module and the cooling assembly of any one of the above embodiments. The cooling assembly is arranged at one end of the battery module. When the temperature of the third plate is lower than the preset temperature, the battery module is carried on the second surface of the third plate and the second surface of the second plate.

[0019] In the energy storage device of the embodiment, the cooling assembly is additionally provided with a third plate capable of deforming, and the third plate is arranged in the accommodation groove of the second surface of the second plate. In the normal use condition of the energy storage device, the temperature of the third plate is lower than the preset temperature, the third plate is accommodated and filled in the accommodation groove, the second surface of the third plate is flush with the second surface of the second plate, the third plate and the second plate form a composite structure, one end of the battery module contacts the composite structure, and there is no gap between the two. The entire cooling assembly is like a traditional cooling plate to dissipate heat from the battery module, thereby achieving the effect of regulating the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery cell. When a certain battery cell of the battery module in the energy storage device starts thermal runaway and the temperature of the third plate is higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the third plate is shortened in the first direction due to heat and the second surface of the third plate is lower than the second surface of the second plate. At this time, the end of the battery module opposite to the accommodation groove is not in contact with the cooling assembly, and there is a gap between the two. The gap blocks the heat transfer from the thermal runaway battery cell to the adjacent battery cell (non-thermal runaway battery cell), thereby inhibiting the heat spread when partial battery cells in the energy storage device start thermal runaway.

[0020] As an optional technical solution of the present application, the battery module includes at least two battery cells arranged in a third direction; the accommodation groove includes at least two first sub-grooves, the at least two first sub-grooves extend in a second direction and are arranged in the third direction in sequence with intervals, the third plate includes at least two first sub-parts, the at least two first sub-parts extend in the second direction and are arranged in the third direction in sequence with intervals, each first sub-part is accommodated in a first sub-groove, and in the case that the temperature of the third plate is lower than the preset temperature, one battery cell arranged in the third direction is carried on the second surface of the adjacent two first sub-parts and the second surface of the second plate between the adjacent two first sub-parts.

[0021] In the technical solution, each first sub-part is accommodated in a first sub-groove, the temperature of the third plate is lower than the preset temperature under normal use conditions of the energy storage device, the first sub-part is accommodated and filled in the first sub-groove, the second surface of each first sub-part is flush with the second surface of the second plate, at least one battery cell arranged in the third direction is carried on the second surface of the adjacent two first sub-parts and the second surface of the second plate between the adjacent two first sub-parts, and the same first sub-part carries the adjacent two battery cells arranged in the third direction. The second surface of the adjacent two battery cells and the second surface of the first sub-part are in contact and have no gap, and the heat generated by the adjacent two battery cells is partially transmitted to the second plate first, and then transmitted to the refrigerant in the flow channel through the second plate. Another part of the generated heat first enters the first sub-part through the second surface of the first sub-part, and then is transmitted to the second plate through the first sub-part, and finally is transmitted to the refrigerant in the flow channel through the second plate. During the flow of the refrigerant in the flow channel, the heat generated and transmitted by the adjacent two battery cells is taken away, so as to control the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery cell. When a battery cell in the battery module of the energy storage device begins to heat runaway and the temperature of the first sub-part below the battery cell is higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the first sub-part is shortened in the first direction (its thickness direction) due to heat, and the second surface of the first sub-part is lower than the second surface of the second plate. At this time, the end portions of the adjacent two battery cells are spaced apart from the first sub-part, and the gap blocks the heat runaway battery cell from transmitting heat to the adjacent non-heat runaway battery cell in the third direction, thereby preventing the heat from spreading to the battery cell adjacent to the heat runaway battery cell in the third direction when the battery cell in the energy storage device heats runaway.

[0022] As an optional technical solution of the present application, the battery module further comprises a heat insulation member arranged between the adjacent two battery cells. In the second direction, each heat insulation member corresponds to one first sub-part.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the heat insulation member arranged between the adjacent two battery cells can block the heat runaway battery cell (the first battery cell as described above) from transmitting heat to the adjacent other battery cell (the second battery cell as described above), thereby avoiding local overheating to cause the heat runaway of the entire battery module. On the other hand, the heat insulation member can prevent internal short circuit or electric breakdown of the battery module in a high-temperature environment. On the other hand, the heat insulation member can also play a mechanical support role to improve the stability of the battery module.

[0024] As an optional technical solution of the application, the battery module includes at least two battery cells arranged along a second direction, the accommodating groove further includes at least one second sub-groove, the at least two second sub-grooves extend along a third direction and are sequentially and spacedly arranged along the second direction, the second sub-groove is in communication with the first sub-groove; the third plate includes at least one second sub-part, the at least one second sub-part extends along the third direction and is sequentially and spacedly arranged along the second direction, the second sub-part intersects with the first sub-part at the communication position of the first sub-groove and the second sub-groove, and each second sub-part is accommodated in one second sub-groove; in the case that the temperature of the third plate is lower than a preset temperature, two adjacent battery cells arranged along the second direction are carried on the second surface of the same second sub-part.

[0025] In the above technical solution, each second sub-part is accommodated in one second sub-groove, the temperature of the third plate is lower than the preset temperature under normal use conditions of the energy storage device, the second sub-part is accommodated and filled in the second sub-groove, and the second surface of each second sub-part is flush with the second surface of the second plate, one battery cell arranged along the second direction is carried on the second surface of two adjacent second sub-parts and on the second surface of the second plate between the two adjacent second sub-parts, and the same second sub-part carries two adjacent battery cells arranged along the second direction, the two adjacent battery cells are in contact with the second surface of the second sub-part and have no gap, the heat generated by the two adjacent battery cells is partially transmitted to the second plate first through the second surface of the second plate and then to the refrigerant in the flow channel, and the other part of the generated heat is transmitted to the second plate first through the second surface of the second sub-part and then through the second sub-part and finally to the refrigerant in the flow channel. During the flow of the refrigerant in the flow channel, the heat generated and transmitted by the two adjacent battery cells is taken away, achieving the effect of regulating the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery cell. When a certain battery cell of the battery module in the energy storage device starts thermal runaway and the temperature of the second sub-part below the battery cell is higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the second sub-part is shortened in the first direction (its thickness direction) due to heat and the second surface of the second sub-part is lower than the second surface of the second plate, at this time, the end portions of the two adjacent battery cells are spaced apart from the second sub-part, and the gap blocks the heat transfer from the thermal runaway battery cell to the adjacent non-thermal runaway battery cell in the second direction, thereby achieving the effect of inhibiting the heat spread to the battery cell adjacent to the battery cell in the second direction when the battery cell in the energy storage device starts thermal runaway.

[0026] In a third aspect, the application provides an electric device, which includes the energy storage device of any of the above embodiments.

[0027] In the energy storage device of the electric device, the third plate capable of deforming is additionally arranged in the cooling assembly, and the third plate is arranged in the accommodating groove of the second surface of the second plate. In the normal use condition of the energy storage device, the temperature of the third plate is lower than the preset temperature, the third plate is accommodated and filled in the accommodating groove, the second surface of the third plate is flush with the second surface of the second plate, the third plate and the second plate form a composite structure, one end of the battery module contacts the composite structure, and there is no gap between the two. The whole cooling assembly is like a traditional cooling plate to cool the battery module, so as to control the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery monomer. When the battery monomer of the battery module in the energy storage device starts thermal runaway, and the temperature of the third plate is higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the third plate is shortened in the first direction due to heat, and the second surface of the third plate is lower than the second surface of the second plate. At this time, the end of the battery module opposite to the accommodating groove is not in contact with the cooling assembly, and there is a gap between the two. The gap blocks the heat transfer from the thermal runaway battery monomer to the adjacent battery monomer (non-thermal runaway battery monomer), so as to inhibit the heat spread when the thermal runaway occurs in part of the battery monomers in the energy storage device.

[0028] The above description is only a summary of the technical scheme of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, the content of the specification can be implemented, and in order to make the above and other purposes, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the present application are described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] By reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not considered limiting the present application. Moreover, the same reference numbers are used to represent the same components throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the energy storage device of some embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial exploded view of the energy storage device shown in FIG. 1;

[0032] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a perspective exploded view of the cooling assembly in the energy storage device shown in FIG. 1;

[0033] Figure 4 is Figure 2 a top view of the cooling assembly in the energy storage device shown in FIG. 1;

[0034] Figure 5 is Figure 4A cross-sectional view of the cooling assembly along line AA and an enlarged view of part B are shown.

[0035] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the cooling assembly along line CC and an enlarged view of part D are shown.

[0036] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A top view of the energy storage device shown;

[0037] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the energy storage device along line EE and an enlarged view of part F are shown.

[0038] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The enlarged schematic diagram of point G in the energy storage device shown corresponds to the two states of the third plate in the cooling assembly;

[0039] Figure 10 yes Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the energy storage device along line HH and an enlarged view of part I.

[0040] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 The enlarged schematic diagram of point J in the energy storage device shown corresponds to the two states of the third plate in the cooling assembly;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario for an electrical device according to some embodiments of this application.

[0042] The reference numerals in the detailed embodiments are as follows:

[0043] 10,000 electrical devices, 1,000 energy storage devices, 2,000 user loads, 3,000 user loads, and 4,000 conversion devices;

[0044] Cooling assembly 100, first plate 10, second plate 30, first surface 31 of the second plate, second surface 33 of the second plate, receiving groove 331, first sub-groove 3311, second sub-groove 3313, fuse mounting position 333, flow channel 21, flow distribution area 211, flow convergence area 213, medium inlet area 215, medium outlet area 217, inlet 23, outlet 25, third plate 50, first surface 51 of the third plate, second surface 53 of the third plate, first sub-section 55, second sub-section 57, first zone 501, second zone 503, third zone 505, gap 60, fuse 200, battery module 300, battery cell 301, first battery cell 3011, second battery cell 3013, third battery cell 3015, fourth battery cell 3017, heat insulation component 303, first direction Z, second direction X, third direction Y. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, as used herein are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0048] In this paper, the phrase "embodiment" means that the specific features, structures or properties described in conjunction with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in the specification at various places does not necessarily mean the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is not mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents a "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "a plurality of groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "a plurality of pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "liquid level", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, can also be detachably connected, or integrated; can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a kind of energy storage device 1000. Energy storage device 1000 includes cooling assembly 100, fuse 200 and battery module 300. Fuse 200 is installed on cooling assembly 100, cooling assembly 100 is arranged at one end of battery module 300, and fuse 200 is electrically connected with battery module 300.

[0054] For the convenience of description, the width direction of the energy storage device 1000 is defined as the X-axis direction, the length direction of the energy storage device 1000 is defined as the Y-axis direction, and the height direction of the energy storage device 1000 is defined as the Z-axis direction, wherein the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other, the Z-axis direction corresponds to the first direction Z, the X-axis direction corresponds to the second direction X, and the Y-axis direction corresponds to the third direction Y.

[0055] The energy storage device 1000 is a device including one or more battery modules 300 storing energy, which can realize energy storage and release by connecting and controlling the battery cells 301 in the battery module 300. The energy storage device 1000 can function as, but is not limited to, a power source, an energy storage, an energy dispatcher, and an energy storage power station. Specifically, in some applications, the energy storage device 1000 can serve as a power source for an electrical equipment, and can drive the electrical equipment to work when releasing electric energy, for example, driving a vehicle to run; in some other applications, the energy storage device 1000 can convert electric energy into chemical energy for storage to meet the electricity demand in the peak period of energy demand, thereby playing the role of energy storage; in still some other applications, the energy storage device 1000 can flexibly adjust the supply and demand of electric energy, realize energy balance and dispatching, and improve energy utilization, thereby playing the role of energy dispatcher; in yet some other applications, the energy storage device 1000 can form an energy storage power station to store and dispatch energy on a large scale, and provide reliable energy supply, thereby playing the role of energy storage power station.

[0056] The battery module 300 is a module including one or more battery cells 301, and the battery cell 301 is the smallest unit for storing and releasing electric energy. Generally, one battery module 300 includes a plurality of (at least two) battery cells 301, which can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner. The mixed manner means that the plurality of battery cells 301 are connected in series and in parallel. The plurality of battery cells 301 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner; the battery module 300 can also include other structures, for example, the battery module 300 can also include a busbar component (not shown) and a thermal insulation member 303 (shown in the figure), the busbar component is used to realize the electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 301. The thermal insulation member 303 will be described below. Figure 2 The thermal insulation member 303 is used to realize the thermal insulation between the plurality of battery cells 301.

[0057] The fuse 200 is a current protector that breaks the circuit by melting the fuse itself when the current exceeds a specified value. In this application, the fuse 200 is electrically connected with the battery module 300, and when the instantaneous current of the charging and discharging circuit of the battery module 300 is too large due to short circuit or overcharge of the battery cell 301 in the battery module 300, the fuse 200 melts, which can avoid the battery cell 301 from catching fire or exploding due to short circuit or overcharge, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage device 1000.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 2The cooling assembly 100 is an assembly for cooling and dissipating heat of a to-be-cooled part. In the present application, the to-be-cooled part is a battery module 300. The cooling assembly 100 is arranged at one end of the battery module 300. During charging and discharging, the battery module 300 is prone to generate heat. If the heat is not dissipated in time, the risk of fire and explosion is likely to occur. The cooling assembly 100 arranged at one end of the battery module 300 can effectively dissipate the heat generated by the battery module 300, thereby ensuring the safe use of the battery module 300. In addition, the battery module 300 includes a plurality of electrically connected battery cells 301. If the voltage of the entire energy storage device 1000 remains unchanged, the capacity of the energy storage device 1000 doubles, which will cause the current passing through the fuse 200 to double. If no measures are taken, according to the Joule law, the heat generated by the fuse 200 will increase to several times of the original heat. The heat generated by the fuse 200 will be radiated or conducted to the battery cells 301, which will cause the temperature of individual battery cells 301 to be too high, and the temperature difference and temperature rise between the battery cells 301 to be too large. Therefore, in the present application, the fuse 200 is installed on the cooling assembly 100, and the cooling assembly 100 can effectively dissipate the heat generated by the fuse 200, thereby avoiding the heat generated by the fuse 200 from being radiated or conducted to the battery cells 301 to cause the temperature difference and temperature rise between the battery cells 301 to be too large.

[0059] Specifically, referring to Figure 3 The cooling assembly 100 according to the embodiments of the present application is provided with a flow channel 21, an inlet 23 and an outlet 25. The cooling assembly 100 includes a first plate 10, a second plate 30 and a third plate 50. The second plate 30 is connected with the first plate 10 and together encloses the flow channel 21. The inlet 23 and the outlet 25 are respectively communicated with the flow channel 21. The second plate 30 includes a first face 31 and a second face 33 opposite to each other in a first direction Z. The first face 31 of the second plate faces the first plate 10, and the second face 33 of the second plate is provided with a receiving groove 331. The third plate 50 includes a first face 51 and a second face 53 opposite to each other in the first direction Z. The first face 51 of the third plate is closer to the first plate 10 than the second face 53 of the third plate. The third plate 50 is capable of deforming. In a case where the temperature of the third plate 50 is lower than a preset temperature, the third plate 50 is received and filled in the receiving groove 331. The second face 53 of the third plate is flush with the second face 33 of the second plate. In a case where the temperature of the third plate 50 is higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the third plate 50 is shortened in the first direction Z, so that the second face 53 of the third plate is lower than the second face 33 of the second plate. In a case where the temperature of the third plate 50 returns to be lower than the preset temperature, the third plate 50 is elongated in the first direction Z, so that the second face 53 of the third plate is flush with the second face 33 of the second plate.

[0060] In the cooling assembly 100, the flow channel 21 is a passage for the coolant to flow through the cooling assembly 100, and the coolant includes but is not limited to water, helium, nitrogen, or hydrocarbon. The inlet 23 is a port for the coolant to flow into the flow channel 21, and the inlet 23 is used to connect with an external coolant input pipe, and the coolant in the coolant input pipe can enter the flow channel 21 through the inlet 23. Please refer to Figure 2 During the flow of the coolant in the flow channel 21, the coolant can take away the heat generated by the battery module 300 and the fuse 200, and the temperature of the coolant will be higher when the coolant flows out of the outlet 25 than when the coolant flows into the inlet 23. The outlet 25 is a port for the coolant to flow out of the flow channel 21, and the outlet 25 is used to connect with an external coolant output pipe, and the coolant with a higher temperature in the flow channel 21 can be output from the coolant output pipe through the outlet 25 to the outside of the energy storage device 1000, and the coolant reaching the outside of the energy storage device 1000 can be cooled by heat exchange or radiation, and the cooled coolant can enter the coolant input pipe again, re-enter the flow channel 21 through the inlet 23, and form a cooling cycle system.

[0061] The first plate 10 and the second plate 30 are used to exchange heat with the battery module 300, and the flow channel 21 is arranged between the first plate 10 and the second plate 30. In an embodiment, recesses with different distribution modes are formed on one of the first plate 10 and the second plate 30, and then the first plate 10 and the second plate 30 are buckled together, and the recesses form the flow channel 21 for the coolant to flow through. When the recesses are formed on the first plate 10 and / or the second plate 30, the cross section of the recesses can be designed as a rectangular cross section, so that the cross section of the flow channel 21 is rectangular when buckled together, and the difficulty of design is simplified. Of course, the recesses designed on the first plate 10 and / or the second plate 30 are not limited to the above-mentioned rectangular cross section, and can also be semi-circular, trapezoidal, etc. In the embodiment, the first plate 10 and the second plate 30 are laminated and buckled together, and the second plate 30 is closer to one end of the battery module 300 than the first plate 10.

[0062] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the flow channel 21 includes a distribution area 211, a convergence area 213, a coolant input area 215, and a coolant output area 217. The flow channel 21 in the distribution area 211 is in communication with the inlet 23 and the flow channel 21 in the coolant input area 215, and the coolant in the coolant input pipe can enter the flow channel 21 in the distribution area 211 through the inlet 23, and the flow channel 21 in the distribution area 211 can distribute the coolant flowing into it. Specifically, the distribution area 211 is provided with at least two distribution flow channels, the coolant input area 215 is provided with at least two coolant input flow channels, the openings of one end of all the distribution flow channels are gathered together and in communication with the inlet 23, and the opening of one end of each coolant input flow channel is in communication with the opening of the other end of at least one distribution flow channel, so that the distribution flow channels of the distribution area 211 can distribute the coolant into each coolant input flow channel.

[0063] The flow channel 21 in the confluence region 213 is in communication with the outlet 25 and also in communication with the flow channel 21 in the outflow region 217, the flow channel 21 in the outflow region 217 is in communication with at least one inflow channel, the refrigerant in the inflow channel can enter the flow channel 21 in the confluence region 213 through the flow channel 21 in the outflow region 217, and the flow channel 21 in the confluence region 213 converges the refrigerant flowing into it and then flows out from the outlet 25 into the refrigerant outlet pipe. Specifically, the confluence region 213 is provided with at least two confluence flow channels, the outflow region 217 is provided with at least two outflow flow channels, the open ends of all the confluence flow channels are gathered together and in communication with the outlet 25, the open end of each outflow flow channel is in communication with the open end of at least one inflow channel, and the other open end of each outflow flow channel is in communication with the other open end of at least one confluence flow channel, so that the confluence flow channels of the confluence region 213 can converge the refrigerant into the refrigerant outlet pipe.

[0064] In the first direction Z, the second plate 30 includes a first face 31 and a second face 33 opposite to each other, the first face 31 of the second plate faces the first plate 10, and the second face 33 of the second plate faces away from the first plate 10. In one example, the inlet 23 and the outlet 25 are both arranged on the second plate 30. In another example, the inlet 23 and the outlet 25 can both be arranged on the first plate 10. In still another example, one of the inlet 23 and the outlet 25 is arranged on the first plate 10, and the other is arranged on the second plate 30. When the inlet 23 and the outlet 25 are arranged on the same plate (the first plate 10 or the second plate 30), the arrangement of the inlet 23 and the outlet 25 is relatively simple. Further, when the inlet 23 and the outlet 25 are arranged on the plate (for example, the second plate 30) close to the battery module 300, the inlet 23 and the outlet 25 are located on the same side of the cooling assembly 100 together with the battery module 300, which can facilitate the installation and integration of the cooling assembly 100 and improve the space utilization. The second face 33 of the second plate is provided with a receiving groove 331, that is, the receiving groove 331 is a space structure recessed from the second face 33 of the second plate towards the first face 31 of the second plate. The structure of the receiving groove 331 can be arbitrary, specifically, the cross section of the receiving groove 331 cut by the XY plane can be a regular shape, for example, a rectangle, or an irregular shape, for example, a bending shape similar to S, and the cross section of the receiving groove 331 cut by the XZ plane can be a regular shape, for example, a rectangle, a triangle, a trapezoid, a semicircle, a semicircle, or an irregular shape, for example, an irregular quadrilateral, an irregular pentagon, etc. In addition, the material of the second plate 30 includes but is not limited to aluminum.

[0065] In the first direction Z, the third plate 50 also comprises a first face 51 and a second face 53 opposite to each other, and the first face 51 is closer to the first plate 10 than the second face 53. The third plate 50 is deformable. In one example, the third plate 50 comprises a memory alloy, also known as Shape Memory Alloy (SMA), which is a metal material with shape memory effect. The shape of the memory alloy changes when the temperature changes, so the third plate 50 can deform with the change of temperature, thereby switching between the composite structure and the non-composite structure with the second plate 30.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, the third plate 50 is a memory alloy plate that shortens when heated. The memory alloy plate can be, but is not limited to, a copper-based shape memory alloy plate. The phase transition temperature of the memory alloy is configured to be the starting temperature of thermal runaway of the battery cell 301 in the battery module 300. Here, the "preset temperature" is both the starting temperature of thermal runaway of the battery cell 301 and the phase transition temperature of the memory alloy. The phase transition temperature of the memory alloy can be set to a desired temperature value, such as 45°C, by the composition, phase state, temperature, and microstructure of the alloy. That is, once the temperature of the third plate 50 reaches 45°C, the third plate 50 will shorten in the first direction Z. When the temperature of the third plate 50 decreases to less than 45°C, the third plate 50 will elongate to the original state in the first direction Z.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in the normal use condition of the energy storage device 1000, there is no thermal runaway of the battery cell 301 in the battery module 300. At this time, the temperature of the third plate 50 is lower than the preset temperature, the third plate 50 is accommodated and filled in the accommodation groove 331, the second face 53 of the third plate is flush with the second face 33 of the second plate, and the third plate 50 and the second plate 30 form a composite structure. One end of the battery module 300 is in contact with the composite structure, and there is no gap between them, as shown in Figure 9 (a) or Figure 11As shown in FIG. a, the entire cooling assembly 100 cools the battery module 300 as a traditional cooling plate. Specifically, the heat generated by the battery module 300 is transmitted to the cooling assembly 100 in contact with the battery module 300 without obstruction. The refrigerant in the refrigerant input pipe enters the flow channel 21 through the inlet 23. During the flow of the refrigerant in the flow channel 21, the refrigerant takes away the heat generated by the battery module 300 and transmitted to the cooling assembly 100. The refrigerant with a higher temperature in the flow channel 21 is output from the refrigerant output pipe through the outlet 25 to the outside of the energy storage device 1000. The refrigerant reaching the outside of the energy storage device 1000 can be cooled by heat exchange or radiation. The cooled refrigerant can enter the refrigerant input pipe again, re-enter the flow channel 21 through the inlet 23, and thus continuously cool the battery module 300, so as to control the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery cell 301.

[0068] When the temperature of the third plate 50 is higher than or equal to the preset temperature due to the thermal runaway of a battery cell 301 in the battery module 300 in the energy storage device 1000, the third plate 50 is shortened in the first direction Z (its thickness direction) due to heat, and the second surface 53 of the third plate is lower than the second surface 33 of the second plate. At this time, a gap 60 is generated between the end of the battery module 300 opposite to the accommodating groove 331 and the cooling assembly 100, as shown in FIG. a. Figure 9 As shown in FIG. b or Figure 11 As shown in FIG. b, the gap 60 blocks the heat transfer from the battery cell 301 in thermal runaway to the battery cell 301 (not in thermal runaway) adjacent to the battery cell 301 in thermal runaway, so as to inhibit the heat spread when some battery cells 301 in the energy storage device 1000 are in thermal runaway.

[0069] When the temperature of the third plate 50 is lower than the preset temperature, the third plate 50 is elongated in the first direction Z, so that the second surface 53 of the third plate is flush with the second surface 33 of the second plate. The third plate 50 and the second plate 30 return to the composite structure, the end of the battery module 300 re-contacts the composite structure, and there is no gap between them. The entire cooling assembly 100 cools the battery module 300 as a traditional cooling plate, so as to control the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery cell 301.

[0070] As shown in FIG. a, the entire cooling assembly 100 cools the battery module 300 as a traditional cooling plate. Specifically, the heat generated by the battery module 300 is transmitted to the cooling assembly 100 in contact with the battery module 300 without obstruction. The refrigerant in the refrigerant input pipe enters the flow channel 21 through the inlet 23. During the flow of the refrigerant in the flow channel 21, the refrigerant takes away the heat generated by the battery module 300 and transmitted to the cooling assembly 100. The refrigerant with a higher temperature in the flow channel 21 is output from the refrigerant output pipe through the outlet 25 to the outside of the energy storage device 1000. The refrigerant reaching the outside of the energy storage device 1000 can be cooled by heat exchange or radiation. The cooled refrigerant can enter the refrigerant input pipe again, re-enter the flow channel 21 through the inlet 23, and thus continuously cool the battery module 300, so as to control the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery cell 301. Figure 3 As an optional technical solution of the present application, the ratio of the thermal conductivity K1 of the second plate 30 to the thermal conductivity K2 of the third plate 50 is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 10.

[0071] The ratio between the thermal conductivity K1 of the second plate 30 and the thermal conductivity K2 of the third plate 50 is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 10, that is, the thermal conductivity K1 of the second plate 30 is close to the thermal conductivity K2 of the third plate 50, and the difference is within one order of magnitude. In this way, under normal use conditions, the composite structure formed by the third plate 50 and the second plate 30 can be regarded as one element, which can ensure the consistency of the cooling assembly 100 in regulating the temperature rise and temperature difference of the battery monomer 301 in the battery module 300. Specifically, the third plate 50 can control its thermal conductivity to be close to (within one order of magnitude) the thermal conductivity of the aluminum material of the second plate 30 by the composition, phase state, temperature and microstructure of the alloy.

[0072] Further, please refer to Figure 2 As an optional technical solution of the present application, the cooling assembly 100 is further provided with a fuse mounting position 333 for mounting the fuse 200. The third plate 50 includes a first area 501, a second area 503 and a third area 505. The first area 501 is the area closest to the fuse mounting position 333, the second area 503 is the area closest to the outlet 25, and the third area 505 is the area of the third plate 50 other than the first area 501 and the second area 503.

[0073] The fuse mounting position 333 on the cooling assembly 100 is specifically a region on the second surface 33 of the second plate. In some embodiments, compared with the inlet 23, the fuse 200 is closer to the outlet 25, that is, the fuse 200 is arranged at the outlet position of the cooling assembly 100.

[0074] In some embodiments, the fuse 200 is arranged at the outlet position of the cooling assembly 100, i.e. closer to the outlet 25 than to the inlet 23. The temperature of the coolant at the outlet 25 is higher than that at the inlet 23. The heat generated by the fuse 200 can not be dissipated in time and is radiated and conducted to the battery cells 301 near the fuse mounting position 333, resulting in a higher temperature of the battery cells 301 near the fuse mounting position 333 than that of the battery cells 301 at other positions, i.e. a larger temperature difference between the battery cells 301. The maximum temperature difference can be as high as 3.4°C, which does not meet the design requirement that the temperature difference of the battery module 300 should be less than or equal to 3°C. In the present embodiment, the fuse 200 is arranged at a position closer to the outlet 25 than to the inlet 23. Since the temperature of the coolant at the outlet 25 is higher than that at the inlet 23, the heat generated by the fuse 200 can be dissipated in time and is not radiated and conducted to the battery cells 301 near the fuse mounting position 333, resulting in a smaller temperature difference between the battery cells 301 near the fuse mounting position 333 and the battery cells 301 at other positions, which can be reduced to 2.2°C, meeting the design requirement that the temperature difference of the battery module 300 should be less than or equal to 3°C. At the same time, since the fuse 200 is arranged outside the battery cells 301 of the battery module 300, it will not affect the electrolyte inside the battery cells 301 when the fuse is blown, further ensuring the safety of the battery module 300.

[0075] In addition, when the fuse 200 is closer to the inlet 23, the third plate 50 is divided into a first area 501, a second area 503 and a third area 505, and the division standard is the distance between each area and the fuse mounting position 333 and the distance between each area and the outlet 25. In the XY plane, the distance between each area and the fuse mounting position 333 refers to the distance between the projection of the center of each area to the projection of the center of the fuse mounting position 333, and the distance between each area and the outlet 25 refers to the distance between the projection of the center of each area to the projection of the center of the outlet 25. These distances are a relative concept, and each area is not a fixed area, but the range can change. Specifically, the first area 501 is the area closest to the fuse mounting position 333, that is, the distance between the projection of the center of the first area 501 to the projection of the center of the fuse mounting position 333 in the XY plane is D11, the distance between the projection of the center of the second area 503 to the projection of the center of the fuse mounting position 333 in the XY plane is D12, and the distance between the projection of the center of the third area 505 to the projection of the center of the fuse mounting position 333 in the XY plane is D13, then D11 < D12 and D11 < D13. The second area 503 is the area closest to the outlet 25, that is, the distance between the projection of the center of the first area 501 to the projection of the center of the outlet 25 in the XY plane is D21, the distance between the projection of the center of the second area 503 to the projection of the center of the outlet 25 in the XY plane is D22, and the distance between the projection of the center of the third area 505 to the projection of the center of the outlet 25 in the XY plane is D23, then D21 < D22 and D21 < D23.

[0076] In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity K21 of the first area 501 is greater than the thermal conductivity K23 of the third area 505, that is, K21 > K23. Since the first area 501 is the area closest to the fuse mounting position 333, the first area 501 is closer to the fuse 200 than the third area 505, and the temperature rise of the first area 501 will be higher. If the thermal conductivity K21 of the first area 501 is designed to be greater than the thermal conductivity K23 of the third area 505, that is, the first area 501 uses an alloy material with a higher thermal conductivity, this can enhance the heat dissipation capacity of the first area 501, so that the heat on it can be quickly transferred away, thereby improving the consistency of the cooling performance of the cooling assembly 100 on the whole battery module 300, and further controlling the temperature difference between the battery monomers 301 to be lower.

[0077] In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity K22 of the second region 503 is greater than the thermal conductivity K23 of the third region 505, i.e., K22 > K23. Since the second region 503 is the region closest to the outlet 25, the temperature rise of the second region 503 is higher than that of the third region 505. If the thermal conductivity K22 of the second region 503 is designed to be greater than the thermal conductivity K23 of the third region 505, i.e., the second region 503 uses an alloy material with a higher thermal conductivity, the heat transfer capacity of the second region 503 can be enhanced, and the heat on the second region 503 can be quickly transferred away, thereby improving the consistency of the cooling performance of the cooling assembly 100 on the overall battery module 300, and further controlling the temperature difference between the battery cells 301 to be low.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 3 to Figure 5 As an optional technical solution of the present application, the accommodation groove 331 includes at least two first sub-grooves 3311, and the at least two first sub-grooves 3311 extend along the second direction X and are arranged in sequence along the third direction Y. Correspondingly, the third plate 50 includes at least two first sub-departments 55, and the at least two first sub-departments 55 extend along the second direction X and are arranged in sequence along the third direction Y. Each first sub-department 55 is accommodated in a first sub-groove 3311.

[0079] The first sub-groove 3311 is a strip-shaped groove extending along the second direction X, and the number of the first sub-grooves 3311 can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or more. The present application Figure 3 Taking the number of the first sub-grooves 3311 as 12 as an example, the 12 first sub-grooves 3311 are arranged in sequence along the third direction Y and parallel to each other. Correspondingly, the first sub-department 55 is a strip-shaped plate extending along the second direction X, and the number of the first sub-departments 55 can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or more. The present application Figure 3 Taking the number of the first sub-departments 55 as 12 as an example, the 12 first sub-departments 55 are arranged in sequence along the third direction Y and parallel to each other. The 12 first sub-departments 55 are respectively accommodated in the 12 first sub-grooves 3311.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 7 to Figure 9 The battery module 300 includes at least two battery cells 301 arranged along the third direction Y. Under normal use conditions, the temperature of the third plate 50 is lower than the preset temperature, the 12 first sub-departments 55 are accommodated and filled in the 12 first sub-grooves 3311, and the second surface 53 of each first sub-department 55 is flush with the second surface 33 of the second plate, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 9As shown in FIG. 1(a), one battery cell 301 arranged in the third direction Y is carried on the second face 53 of the two adjacent first sub-parts 55 and on the second face 33 of the second plate between the two adjacent first sub-parts 55, and the same first sub-part 55 carries two adjacent battery cells 301 (hereinafter referred to as first battery cell 3011 and second battery cell 3013) arranged in the third direction Y, as shown in FIG. 1(b). Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 1(a), one battery cell 301 arranged in the third direction Y is carried on the second face 53 of the two adjacent first sub-parts 55 and on the second face 33 of the second plate between the two adjacent first sub-parts 55, and the same first sub-part 55 carries two adjacent battery cells 301 (hereinafter referred to as first battery cell 3011 and second battery cell 3013) arranged in the third direction Y, as shown in FIG. 1(b). Figure 9 As shown in FIG. 1(a), the first battery cell 3011 is in contact with the second face 53 of the first sub-part 55 without a gap therebetween, and the second battery cell 3013 is also in contact with the second face 53 of the first sub-part 55 without a gap therebetween. Part of the heat generated by the first battery cell 3011 first enters the second plate 30 through the second face 33 of the second plate 30 and is then transferred to the refrigerant in the flow channel 21 through the second plate 30. Another part of the heat generated by the first battery cell 3011 first enters the first sub-part 55 through the second face 53 of the first sub-part 55 and is then transferred to the second plate 30 through the first sub-part 55, and finally transferred to the refrigerant in the flow channel 21 through the second plate 30. Similarly, part of the heat generated by the second battery cell 3013 first enters the second plate 30 through the second face 33 of the second plate 30 and is then transferred to the refrigerant in the flow channel 21 through the second plate 30. Another part of the heat generated by the second battery cell 3013 first enters the first sub-part 55 through the second face 53 of the first sub-part 55 and is then transferred to the second plate 30 through the first sub-part 55, and finally transferred to the refrigerant in the flow channel 21 through the second plate 30. During the flow of the refrigerant in the flow channel 21, the heat generated by the first battery cell 3011 and the second battery cell 3013 is carried away. The refrigerant in the flow channel 21 with a higher temperature is output from the refrigerant output pipe to the outside of the energy storage device 1000 through the outlet 25. The refrigerant reaching the outside of the energy storage device 1000 can dissipate heat by heat exchange or radiation to reduce the temperature. The refrigerant after being cooled can enter the refrigerant input pipe again, re-enter the flow channel 21 through the inlet 23, and thus continuously cool the battery module 300, thereby controlling the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery cell 301.

[0081] When a certain battery cell 301, for example, the first battery cell 3011, of the battery module 300 in the energy storage device 1000 starts thermal runaway and the temperature of the first sub-part 55 below the first battery cell 3011 is higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the first sub-part 55 is shortened in the first direction Z (its thickness direction) due to heat and the second face 53 of the first sub-part 55 is lower than the second face 33 of the second plate. At this time, a gap 60 is generated between the end of the first battery cell 3011 and the first sub-part 55, and a gap 60 is also generated between the end of the second battery cell 3013 and the first sub-part 55, as shown in FIG. 1(c). Figure 9As shown in Figure (b), the gap 60 prevents the thermal runaway first battery cell 3011 from transferring heat to the adjacent second battery cell 3013 (which is not thermally runaway), thereby suppressing the spread of heat to the second battery cell 3013 when the first battery cell 3011 experiences thermal runaway in the energy storage device 1000.

[0082] When the temperature of the first sub-section 55 returns to below a preset temperature (possibly due to other heat dissipation elements causing the temperature of the thermally runaway first battery cell 3011 to drop, thereby lowering the temperature of the opposite first sub-section 55 below a preset temperature), the first sub-section 55 undergoes elongation deformation in the first direction Z, so that the second surface 53 of the first sub-section 55 is flush with the second surface 33 of the second plate. The first battery cell 3011 re-contacts the second surface 53 of the first sub-section 55, and the two return to a gapless state. The second battery cell 3013 also re-contacts the second surface 53 of the first sub-section 55, and the two also return to a gapless state. Figure 9 The state shown in Figure (b) is restored to Figure 9 The state shown in Figure (a) is as follows.

[0083] Further, please refer to Figure 7 to Figure 9 The battery module 300 also includes a heat insulation member 303 disposed between two adjacent battery cells 301, and in the second direction X, each heat insulation member 303 corresponds to a first sub-part 55.

[0084] Among them, the heat insulation component 303 is a key safety component, mainly used to prevent abnormal heat dissipation inside the battery module 300, reduce the risk of thermal runaway, and ensure the safety of the battery module 300 under high temperature or fault conditions. Specifically, the heat insulation component 303 is usually placed between two adjacent battery cells 301 arranged along the third direction Y, and suppresses heat spread by blocking or slowing down the heat transfer path. Its core lies in using the physical or chemical properties of materials to resist the three heat transfer modes of heat conduction, heat convection and heat radiation.

[0085] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation 303 inhibits heat spreading by inhibiting heat conduction, for example, the thermal insulation 303 is made of a material with low thermal conductivity, one example is made of aerogel, which has a thermal conductivity much lower than the aluminum shell of the battery cell 301, effectively reducing the thermal conductivity; another example is that the thermal insulation 303 has a porous structure, one example is a porous ceramic with a porosity greater than 90%, which makes heat transfer between the pore walls longer, which can also significantly reduce the effective thermal conductivity. In other embodiments, the thermal insulation 303 inhibits heat spreading by blocking heat convection, for example, the thermal insulation 303 adopts a closed gap structure, such as closed-cell foam or aerogel, to prevent air flow from forming a convection cycle, thereby effectively reducing the thermal conductivity; another example is that the thermal insulation 303 adopts a multi-layer composite structure, each layer forms an air gap, and after the multi-layer is stacked, the gaps are not completely aligned, which can also prevent air flow from forming a convection cycle, thereby effectively reducing the thermal conductivity. In still other embodiments, the thermal insulation 303 inhibits heat spreading by reflecting heat radiation, for example, the thermal insulation 303 has a high reflectivity surface, which can be a metal foil or a ceramic coating, which can reflect infrared radiation to effectively reduce the thermal conductivity; another example is that the thermal insulation 303 incorporates materials such as carbon black and titanium dioxide, which can absorb and scatter radiant energy to effectively reduce the thermal conductivity. In still other embodiments, the thermal insulation 303 inhibits heat spreading by using the principle of phase change heat absorption, for example, the thermal insulation 303 contains a layer of phase change material that undergoes a solid-liquid phase change at high temperatures, absorbs a large amount of latent heat, and stores heat to delay temperature rise.

[0086] The thermal insulation 303 is arranged between two adjacent battery cells 301, which can block heat transfer from a thermal runaway battery cell 301 (the first battery cell 3011 as described above) to its adjacent other battery cells 301 (the second battery cell 3013 as described above), preventing local overheating from triggering thermal runaway of the entire battery module 300; on the other hand, the thermal insulation 303 can prevent internal short circuit or electrical breakdown of the battery module 300 in a high temperature environment; on the other hand, the thermal insulation 303 can also serve as a mechanical support, i.e., the thermal insulation 303 can have a structural fixing function, for example, the battery cell 301 can have a fixed connection relationship with the thermal insulation 303, which can improve the stability of the battery module 300.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 3 to Figure 5As an optional technical solution of the application, the accommodating groove 331 further comprises at least one second sub-groove 3313 extending along the third direction Y and arranged in sequence along the second direction X, and the second sub-groove 3313 is in communication with the first sub-groove 3311; the third plate 50 comprises at least one second sub-portion 57 extending along the third direction Y and arranged in sequence along the second direction X, and the second sub-portion 57 intersects the first sub-portion 55 at the communication position of the first sub-groove 3311 and the second sub-groove 3313, and each second sub-portion 57 is accommodated in one second sub-groove 3313.

[0088] The second sub-groove 3313 is a strip-shaped groove extending along the third direction Y, and the number of the second sub-grooves 3313 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or more. The second sub-portion 57 is a strip-shaped plate extending along the third direction Y, and the number of the second sub-portions 57 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or more. Figure 3 For example, the number of the second sub-grooves 3313 is 3, and the three second sub-grooves 3313 are arranged in sequence along the second direction X and parallel to each other. Correspondingly, the number of the second sub-portions 57 is 3, and the three second sub-portions 57 are arranged in sequence along the second direction X and parallel to each other. The three second sub-portions 57 are accommodated in the three second sub-grooves 3313, respectively. Figure 3 For example, the number of the second sub-portions 57 is 3, and the three second sub-portions 57 are arranged in sequence along the second direction X and parallel to each other. The three second sub-portions 57 are accommodated in the three second sub-grooves 3313, respectively.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the battery module 300 comprises at least two battery monomers 301 arranged along the second direction X. Under normal use conditions, the temperature of the third plate 50 is lower than the preset temperature, the three second sub-portions 57 are accommodated and filled in the three second sub-grooves 3313, and the second surface 53 of each second sub-portion 57 is flush with the second surface 33 of the second plate, as shown in (a) of Figure 6 and Figure 11 . At this time, one battery monomer 301 arranged along the second direction X is carried on at least the second surface 53 of one second sub-portion 57 and on the second surface 33 of the second plate between two adjacent second sub-portions 57, as shown in Figure 10 , and the same second sub-portion 57 carries two adjacent battery monomers 301 (hereinafter referred to as the third battery monomer 3015 and the fourth battery monomer 3017) arranged along the second direction X, as shown in Figure 11As shown in FIG. 3(a), the third battery cell 3015 is in contact with the second surface 53 of the second sub-portion 57 without any gap therebetween, and the fourth battery cell 3017 is also in contact with the second surface 53 of the second sub-portion 57 without any gap therebetween. Part of the heat generated by the third battery cell 3015 is first transferred to the second plate 30 through the second surface 33 of the second plate 30, and then to the refrigerant in the flow channel 21 through the second plate 30. Another part of the heat generated by the third battery cell 3015 is first transferred to the second sub-portion 57 through the second surface 53 of the second sub-portion 57, and then to the second plate 30 through the second sub-portion 57, and finally to the refrigerant in the flow channel 21 through the second plate 30. Similarly, part of the heat generated by the fourth battery cell 3017 is first transferred to the second plate 30 through the second surface 33 of the second plate 30, and then to the refrigerant in the flow channel 21 through the second plate 30. Another part of the heat generated by the fourth battery cell 3017 is first transferred to the second sub-portion 57 through the second surface 53 of the second sub-portion 57, and then to the second plate 30 through the second sub-portion 57, and finally to the refrigerant in the flow channel 21 through the second plate 30. During the flow of the refrigerant in the flow channel 21, the heat generated by the third battery cell 3015 and the fourth battery cell 3017 is carried away by the refrigerant. The refrigerant with increased temperature in the flow channel 21 is output from the refrigerant output pipe to the outside of the energy storage device 1000 through the outlet 25. The refrigerant reaching the outside of the energy storage device 1000 can dissipate heat by heat exchange or radiation to reduce temperature. The refrigerant after temperature reduction can re-enter the refrigerant input pipe and re-enter the flow channel 21 through the inlet 23, so as to continuously cool the battery module 300 and control the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery cell 301.

[0090] When a certain battery cell 301 of the battery module 300 in the energy storage device 1000, for example, the third battery cell 3015, starts thermal runaway and makes the temperature of the second sub-portion 57 below the third battery cell 3015 higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the second sub-portion 57 is deformed in the first direction Z (its thickness direction) by heat and makes the second surface 53 of the second sub-portion 57 lower than the second surface 33 of the second plate. At this time, a gap 60 is generated between the end of the third battery cell 3015 and the second sub-portion 57, and a gap 60 is also generated between the end of the fourth battery cell 3017 and the second sub-portion 57, as shown in FIG. 3(b). Figure 9 The gap 60 blocks the heat transfer from the third battery cell 3015 in thermal runaway to the fourth battery cell 3017 (not in thermal runaway) adjacent to it, so as to inhibit the heat spread to the fourth battery cell 3017 when the third battery cell 3015 in the energy storage device 1000 starts thermal runaway.

[0091] In the case where the temperature of the second sub-part 57 recovers to below the preset temperature (it is possible that the heat runaway third battery monomer 3015 is cooled by other heat dissipation elements, thereby causing the temperature of the second sub-part 57 opposite to it to drop below the preset temperature), the second sub-part 57 is elongated in the first direction Z, so that the second surface 53 of the second sub-part 57 is flush with the second surface 33 of the second plate, the third battery monomer 3015 re-contacts the second surface 53 of the second sub-part 57, and the two return to the state of no gap, and the fourth battery monomer 3017 also re-contacts the second surface 53 of the second sub-part 57, and the two also return to the state of no gap, i.e., from the state shown in FIG. b) of Figure 9 to the state shown in FIG. a) of Figure 9 .

[0092] In the case where the third battery monomer 3015 is the same as the first battery monomer 3011, once the battery monomer 301 occurs heat runaway, the cooperation between the first sub-part 55 and the first sub-groove 3311, combined with the cooperation between the second sub-part 57 and the second sub-groove 3313, can effectively inhibit the heat on the battery monomer 301 that occurs heat runaway from being transmitted to the battery monomer 301 adjacent to it in the third direction Y, and can also effectively inhibit the heat on the battery monomer 301 that occurs heat runaway from being transmitted to the battery monomer 301 adjacent to it in the second direction X, so that the spread of heat runaway inside the battery module 300 can be maximally inhibited, thereby improving the use safety of the energy storage device 1000.

[0093] Referring to Figure 12 , the application provides a power-using device 10000. The power-using device 10000 comprises the energy storage device 1000.

[0094] Further, the application also provides a power-using device 10000 using the energy storage device 1000 as a power source. The power-using device 10000 can include but is not limited to power tools, mobile phones, ships, spacecraft, or household energy storage systems, etc. Among them, the spacecraft can include drones, rockets, space shuttles, etc. The application only takes the power-using device 10000 as an example to illustrate the household energy storage system.

[0095] The household energy storage system includes an energy storage device 1000, a conversion device 4000 (a photovoltaic panel), a user load 2000 (a street lamp), another user load 3000 (a household appliance), and the like. The energy storage device 1000 can be installed on an outdoor wall in a wall-mounted manner. Specifically, the conversion device 4000 can be a photoelectric conversion device and is installed on a roof for converting light energy into electrical energy. The energy storage device 1000 is used to store the electrical energy and supply the street lamp and the household appliance during a peak electricity price, or supply electricity during a power grid outage, or supply electricity to the power grid after grid connection. It should be noted that the energy storage device 1000 of the present application is not limited to the household energy storage scenario.

[0096] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the power utilization device 10000 in the above technical solution, the third plate 50 containing the memory alloy is additionally arranged in the energy storage device 1000, and the third plate 50 is arranged in the accommodating groove 331 of the second face 33 of the second plate. Under normal use conditions of the energy storage device 1000, the temperature of the third plate 50 is lower than the preset temperature, the third plate 50 is accommodated and filled in the accommodating groove 331, the second face 53 of the third plate is flush with the second face 33 of the second plate, the third plate 50 and the second plate 30 form a composite structure, one end of the battery module 300 is in contact with the composite structure, and there is no gap between the two. The entire cooling assembly 100 cools the battery module 300 like a traditional cooling plate, achieving the effect of regulating the temperature rise and temperature difference of each battery monomer 301. When the battery monomer 301 of the battery module 300 in the energy storage device 1000 starts thermal runaway and the temperature of the third plate 50 is higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the third plate 50 is shortened in the first direction Z due to heat and the second face 53 of the third plate is lower than the second face 33 of the second plate. At this time, the end of the battery module 300 opposite to the accommodating groove 331 is not in contact with the cooling assembly 100, and there is a gap 60 between the two. The gap 60 blocks the heat transfer from the thermal runaway battery monomer 301 to the battery monomer 301 (non-thermal runaway battery monomer 301) adjacent to it, thereby achieving the effect of inhibiting the spread of heat when some battery monomers 301 in the energy storage device 1000 start thermal runaway.

[0097] It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still make modifications to the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims and the description of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, each technical feature mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cooling assembly for an energy storage device, provided with a flow channel, an inlet and an outlet; characterized in that, The cooling assembly comprises: a first plate; a second plate connected with the first plate and jointly enclosing the flow channel, the inlet and the outlet being communicated with the flow channel respectively, the second plate comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other in a first direction, the first surface of the second plate facing the first plate, and the second surface of the second plate being provided with a receiving groove; and a third plate comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other in the first direction, the first surface of the third plate being closer to the first plate than the second surface of the third plate, and the third plate being capable of deforming; wherein: when the temperature of the third plate is lower than a preset temperature, the third plate is received and filled in the receiving groove, and the second surface of the third plate is flush with the second surface of the second plate; when the temperature of the third plate is higher than or equal to the preset temperature, the third plate is shortened in the first direction so that the second surface of the third plate is lower than the second surface of the second plate; and when the temperature of the third plate returns to be lower than the preset temperature, the third plate is elongated in the first direction so that the second surface of the third plate is flush with the second surface of the second plate.

2. Cooling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The third plate comprises a memory alloy.

3. The cooling assembly of claim 1, wherein, The ratio between the thermal conductivity K1 of the second plate and the thermal conductivity K2 of the third plate is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 10.

4. Cooling assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that The cooling assembly is further provided with a fuse mounting position for mounting a fuse, the fuse mounting position being closer to the inlet than the outlet; the third plate comprises a first region, a second region and a third region, the first region being a region closest to the fuse mounting position, the second region being a region closest to the outlet, and the third region being a region other than the first region and the second region of the third plate; the thermal conductivity K21 of the first region is greater than the thermal conductivity K23 of the third region; and / or the thermal conductivity K22 of the second region is greater than the thermal conductivity K23 of the third region.

5. The cooling assembly of claim 1, wherein, The receiving groove comprises at least two first sub-grooves, the at least two first sub-grooves extending along a second direction and being arranged in sequence and spaced apart along a third direction, the third plate comprising at least two first sub-parts, the at least two first sub-parts extending along the second direction and being arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the third direction, each of the first sub-parts being received in a corresponding first sub-groove.

6. Cooling assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that The receiving groove further comprises at least one second sub-groove, the at least one second sub-groove extending along the third direction and being arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the second direction, the second sub-groove being communicated with the first sub-groove; the third plate comprises at least one second sub-part, the at least one second sub-part extending along the third direction and being arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the second direction, the second sub-part intersecting the first sub-part at the communication between the first sub-groove and the second sub-groove, and each of the second sub-parts being received in a corresponding second sub-groove.

7. An energy storage device, characterized by, comprises: a battery module; and The cooling assembly of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the cooling assembly is arranged at one end of the battery module, and in a case where the temperature of the third plate is lower than a preset temperature, the battery module is carried on the second surface of the third plate and the second surface of the second plate.

8. The energy storage device of claim 7, wherein, The battery module includes at least two battery cells arranged in a third direction, and the accommodating groove includes at least two first sub-grooves extending in a second direction and arranged in the third direction in sequence with intervals, and the third plate includes at least two first sub-sections extending in the second direction and arranged in the third direction in sequence with intervals, each of the first sub-sections being accommodated in one of the first sub-grooves, and in a case where the temperature of the third plate is lower than a preset temperature, one of the battery cells arranged in the third direction is carried on the second surfaces of two adjacent first sub-sections and the second surface of the second plate between the two adjacent first sub-sections.

9. The energy storage device of claim 8, wherein, The battery module further includes a heat insulation member arranged between two adjacent battery cells, and in the second direction, each of the heat insulation members corresponds to one of the first sub-sections.

10. The energy storage device of claim 8, wherein, The battery module includes at least two battery cells arranged in a second direction, and the accommodating groove further includes at least one second sub-groove extending in a third direction and arranged in the second direction in sequence with intervals, and the second sub-groove communicates with the first sub-groove; the third plate includes at least one second sub-section extending in the third direction and arranged in the second direction in sequence with intervals, and the second sub-section intersects with the first sub-section at the communication position of the first sub-groove and the second sub-groove, and each of the second sub-sections is accommodated in one of the second sub-grooves; and in a case where the temperature of the third plate is lower than a preset temperature, two adjacent battery cells arranged in the second direction are carried on the second surface of one of the second sub-sections.

11. An electrical device, characterized by The energy storage device of any one of claims 7-10.

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